ENERGY EFFICIENT COOPERATIVE APPROACH FOR MULTICHANNEL MAC PROTOCOL

S. Arun prasath
M.E Communi ation s!st"ms Eas#ari En$in""rin$ Co%%"$" Ch"nnai& In'ia Arunprasath()*+!ahoo. om
Abstract2 Media access control is an essential part of wireless communication. To achieve higher communication throughput multi-channel MAC has been studied. Adhoc wireless networks performance is always measured corresponding to the power consumption of the nodes. The overall network connectivity depends on the energy of the nodes. Researchers have proposed many energy efficient MAC protocols to resolve this problem. Altruistic protocol uses the concept of distributed information sharing to reduce power consumption and at the same time improve the throughput. istributed !nformation "haring# !"$% is a new cooperative approach to design multi-channel MAC protocols. !t aids nodes in their decision making process by sharing information through neighboring nodes. !t share control information with each other so that nodes can make decisions during communication. !n a multi-channel network& !"$ avoids collisions by notification from neighboring nodes about channel conflict and deaf terminal problem. 'nergy efficient strategy altruistic !"$ is used. !t uses multi-hop communication. ata retransmission is avoided with the assist of intelligent node. (riority is given to the nodes if it chooses the busy receiver. Altruistic protocol is compared with !n-situ !"$& and find that altruistic protocol significantly outperforms. !t conserves energy without compromising the throughput performance. Through simulations it shows that altruistic protocol conserves better energy compared to other. The e)perimental results confirm the viability of altruistic protocol and the idea of !"$. $ence by using !"$ energy efficiency for cooperative multi-channel MAC is achieved. Index Terms* Adhoc networks& multi-channel MAC& energy efficient& !"$& channel conflict problem& deaf terminal problem.

S. Cari%in" ,"-a.umari& M.E

Assistant pro/"ssor Eas#ari En$in""rin$ Co%%"$" Ch"nnai& In'ia Caro%01"-a+!ahoo. o.in n"t#or. apa it! is r"'u "'. MAC proto o% is a proto o% that "nsur"s prop"r ommuni ation -"t#""n th" no'"s. It r"so%7"s on/%i ts -"t#""n 'i//"r"nt no'"s. MAC proto o% $i7"s -"tt"r p"r/orman " in /a tors %i." n"t#or. throu$hput an' "n"r$! onsumption. Th" .no#%"'$" in"//i i"n ! o/ a no'" in a mu%ti hann"% n"t#or. is at"$ori4"' as mu%ti hann"% oor'ination pro-%"m8MCC9. It has t#o 7ariants. On" is a%%"' a hann"% on/%i t pro-%"m an' th" oth"r is a%%"' a '"a/ t"rmina% pro-%"m. Chann"% on/%i t pro-%"m aris"s #h"n a no'" hoos"s -us! hann"% /or 'ata transmission. It ma! r"su%t in 'ata o%%ision. 3"a/ t"rmina% pro-%"m aris"s #h"n a no'" initiat" ommuni ation #ith anoth"r no'" on a 'i//"r"nt hann"%. In this pap"r 'istri-ut"' in/ormation sharin$83ISH9 is us"' #hi h is a n"# oop"rati7" approa h /or '"si$nin$ mu%ti hann"% MAC proto o%. 3istri-ut"' in/ormation sharin$ is a 'istri-ut"' /%a7or o/ ontro%5p%an" oop"ration& it is app%i"' to mu%ti hann"% MAC to so%7" th" mu%ti hann"% oor'ination pro-%"m. N"i$h-orin$ no'"s shar" ontro% in/ormation #ith "a h oth"r& so that no'"s an ma." '" isions 'urin$ ommuni ation. It %"ar%! s"parat"s ontro%5p%an" an' 'ata5p%an" m" hanism. It h"%ps in r"%a!in$ 'ata /or sour "5'"stination pairs 'urin$ 'ata5p%an" m" hanism. :! app%!in$ 3ISH to mu%ti hann"% a'ho n"t#or.s& n"i$h-orin$ no'"s that i'"nti/! mu%ti hann"% oor'ination pro-%"m noti/! th" transmitt"r5r" "i7"r pair a-out th" pro-%"m in or'"r to a7oi' o%%isions an' r"transmissions. :as"' on th" i'"a o/ 3ISH& a%truisti 3ISH proto o% is '"si$n"' /or mu%ti hann"% a'ho n"t#or.s. II. ENERGY EFFICIENT STRATEGIES Th" main ha%%"n$" in a hi"7in$ "n"r$! "//i i"n ! /or 3ISH is in/ormation sharin$ an' $ath"rin$. :! usin$ 'istri-ut"' in/ormation sharin$ no'"s an shar" an' $ath"r in/ormation /rom n"i$h-orin$ no'"s. No'"s shou%' sta! a#a." /or o7"rh"arin$& #hi h pr"s"nts a ha%%"n$" /or no'"s to s#it h o// #h"n i'%". Th"r" ar" t#o strat"$i"s in5

I. INTRO3UCTION A a'ho n"t#or. is a '" "ntra%i4"' t!p" o/ #ir"%"ss n"t#or.. Th" n"t#or. is a'ho -" aus" it 'o"s not r"%! on pr"5"6istin$ in/rastru tur"& su h as rout"rs in #ir"' n"t#or.s. No'"s ar" a%so rout"rs in a'ho n"t#or.s. Most o/ th" no'"s ar" -att"r! po#"r"' in #ir"%"ss a'ho n"t#or.s. En"r$! onsumption is an important issu" sin " no'"s ar" -att"r! po#"r"'. E7"n i/ a no'" /ai%s th" o7"ra%%

situ an' a%truisti 3ISH& #hi h pro7i'"s "n"r$! "//i i"n ! /or mu%ti hann"% MAC proto o%. :oth th" strat"$i"s us"s 'istri-ut"' in/ormation sharin$& an' pro7i'"s m" hanisms /or no'"s to -" in s%""p mo'" #h"n i'%". Th" strat"$i"s m"ntion"' -"%o# m""t this ha%%"n$" an' pro7i'" a ;ua%itati7" ana%!sis. !n-"itu 'nergy Conscious !"$ In this strat"$! sour "5'"stination pair hoos"s th" -"st n"i$h-or to oop"rat". Th" sour "5'"stination pair %oo. /or a /r"" hann"% to a "ss. I/ a no'" hoos"s a -us! hann"% /or 'ata transmission hann"% on/%i t pro-%"m o urs. I/ a no'" initiat" ommuni ation #ith anoth"r no'" on a 'i//"r"nt hann"% '"a/ t"rmina% pro-%"m o urs. so& th" no'"s tri"s to hoos" /r"" hann"% in or'"r to a7oi' hann"% on/%i t pro-%"m an' '"a/ t"rmina% pro-%"m. <h"n it hoos"s th" hann"% /or 'ata transmission& a%% th" "6istin$ no'"s ar" r"sponsi-%" /or in/ormation sharin$. N"i$h-ors shar" ontro% in/ormation #ith "a h oth"r. No'"s #ithout th" r"sponsi-i%it! o/ in/ormation sharin$ an s%""p #h"n i'%". Th"r" ar" t#o m"tho's to imp%"m"nt this strat"$!& pro-a-i%isti m"tho' an' 7otin$ m"tho'. In pro-a-i%isti m"tho'& "a h no'" '" i'"s #h"th"r to oop"rat" or not a or'in$ to a pro-a-i%it!. In 7otin$ m"tho'& no'"s p"rio'i a%%! "%" t a su-s"t o/ no'"s to oop"rat". It intro'u " onsi'"ra-%" omp%"6it! an' o7"rh"a'. Consi'"rin$ th" omp%"6it! an' o7"rh"a' o/ in5situ "n"r$! ons ious 3ISH #ou%' onsum" onsi'"ra-%" r"sour " an' "7"ntua%%! n"$at" its possi-%" p"r/orman " $ain. .

Altruistic !"$ In this strat"$! n"t#or. "n7ironm"nt sp%it into num-"r o/ r"$ions. A%% th" no'"s ar" o7"r"' -! "a h a%truisti no'" in th" r"$ion. A%truisti no'" '"nsit! must -" $r"at"r than p""r no'"s in th" a'ho n"t#or.. Th" routin$ an -" 'on" -! mu%ti5 hop. Ea h a%truisti no'" up'at"s th" in/ormation o/ "a h p""r no'". A%truisti no'" ta." o7"r th" r"sponsi-i%it! o/ in/ormation sharin$. A%truisti 3ISH %"ar%! s"parat"s th" 'ata p%an" an' th" ontro% p%an". In or'"r to oop"rat"& no'"s ha7" to sta! a#a." 'urin$ i'%" p"rio's in or'"r to $ath"r an' shar" hann"% usa$" in/ormation #hi h pr"7"nts th"m /rom s%""pin$ to sa7" "n"r$!. :! this m"tho' #" a7oi' MCC pro-%"m. P""rs an s%""p #h"n i'%". Int"%%i$"nt no'" a7oi' 'ata r"transmission. A%truisti 3ISH is a'7anta$"ous 'u" to th" /o%%o#in$ r"asons. First & simp%" strat"$! to imp%"m"nt. S" on'& 'o"s not ha7" mu%ti hann"% -roa' astin$ pro-%"m. Thir'& ro-ust to n"t#or. '!nami s. Ea h a%truisti no'" r"a t to "7"r! MCC pro-%"m it i'"nti/i"s an' oop"rat". Fourth& 'ata tra//i is arri"' -! p""rs. It an a'opt a s%""p5#a." s h"'u%in$ a%$orithm. Coop"rati7" no'"s ar" a%#a!s a7ai%a-%" an' a%truisti 3ISH pro7i'"s oop"ration in a $uarant""' mann"r. III. PROTOCOL 3ESIGN AN3 ANALYSIS In th" proto o% '"si$n pro "ss& sp" i/i hann"% s"%" tion strat"$i"s is not assum"'. T#o hann"% s"%" tion strat"$! is onsi'"r"'& RAN3 an' most r" "nt%! us"'8MRU9. In RAN3 s"%" tion& no'" s"%" ts an! on" o/ th" hann"%s /rom th" %ist o/ hann"%s a7ai%a-%". In MRU s"%" tion& no'" a%#a!s s"%" ts th" most r" "nt%! us"' 'ata hann"%s. A no'" an oop"rat"8i/ it is i'%" an' o7"rh"ars th" ontro% hann"% han'sha." that r"at"s an MCC pro-%"m9oth"r#is"& 'o"s not. Th"r" ar" t#o hann"%s ontro% hann"% an' 'ata hann"%. On" hann"% is '"si$nat"' as th" ontro% hann"% an' th" oth"r hann"%s ar" 'ata hann"%s. I/ a no'" #ants to ommuni at" #ith oth"r no'"& it p"r/orms a ontro% hann"% han'sha." to s"tup ommuni ation. 3ata hann"% is hos"n to p"r/orm 3ATA=AC> han'sha.". Th" ontro% hann"% han'sha." is sho#n in Fi$.?. A s"n'"r no'" s"n's a PRA an' its r" "i7"r no'" r"spon's #ith PR:. On r" "i7in$ PRA=PR: & "a h n"i$h-or h" .s /or an MCC pro-%"m. I/ i'"nti/!in$ an MCC pro-%"m s"n's an INV m"ssa$" to in7a%i'at" th" han'sha.". S"n'"r no'" r" "i7"s PR: orr" t%! i/ no MCC pro-%"m o urs. CFA is s"nt to a%% its n"i$h-ors to on/irm th" 7a%i'it! +ig. , Control channel handshake o/ PRA. Th" r" "i7"r no'" s"n's CF: to on/irm th" 7a%i'it! o/ PR:. This r"pr"s"nts th" "n' o/ th" ontro% hann"% han'sha.". <h"n th" transmitt"r /ai%s to r" "i7" CF:& NCF is us"' -! th" transmitt"r to in'i at" its n"i$h-ors that th" PRA an' CFA ar" in7a%i'. I/ mu%tip%" n"i$h-ors s"n' INVs simu%tan"ous%!& INV o%%isions ma! o ur an' it is miti$at"' -! usin$ oop"rati7" o%%ision a7oi'an " p"rio'. A possi-%" s"t o/ /ram" /ormats is sho#n in Fi$. ?. PRA@CFA an' PR:@CF: arri"s th"

hann"% usa$" in/ormation o/ th" ommuni ation -"in$ "sta-%ish"'. INV arri"s th" hann"% usa$" in/ormation o/ an "sta-%ish"' ommuni ation. Th" a'ho n"t#or. "n7ironm"nt sp%it into num-"r o/ r"$ions. A%% no'"s ar" o7"r"' -! "a h a%truisti no'" in th" r"$ion.

+ig. , +rame format A%truisti no'" '"nsit! must -" $r"at"r than p""r no'"s in th" a'ho n"t#or.. Th" s"n'"r s"%" ts th" ontro% hann"% #h"n itAs /r"" in or'"r to s"n' th" r";u"st to A%truisti no'". A%truisti no'" #h"n r" "i7" this r";u"st& it in/orm to a%% s"n'"rAs n"i$h-or no'" /or /or#ar'in$ th" 'ata pa ."ts. A%truisti no'" in'i at"s to s"n'"r no'" a-out #hi h 'ata hann"% is a%%o at"' to s"n'"r. S"n'"r s"n's th" 'ata pa ."ts to th"ir n"i$h-or no'". <h"n th" 'ata /or#ar'in$ is omp%"t" a%% no'"s $o"s to s%""p mo'". Th"n th" A%truisti no'" r" "i7"s th" a .no#%"'$"m"nt /rom th" s"n'"r& an' th"n /r""s th" 'ata hann"%. . Int"%%i$"nt No'" o%%" ts th" 'ata /rom th" s"n'"r an' '"%i7"rs to th" r" "i7"r 'ir" t%! i/ th" 'ata is %ost. (rotocols To !nvestigate In5situ an' a%truisti & #hi h ar" th" t#o proto o%s ma'" -! app%!in$ "n"r$! "//i i"nt strat"$i"s to CAM5MAC. Throu$hput5"n"r$! tra'"5o// is th" ."! issu" to in7"sti$at". !n-situ- En"r$! "//i i"nt strat"$! In5situ "n"r$! ons ious 3ISH is app%i"'. Th" -"st n"i$h-or is hos"n to oop"rat" upon "a h o urr"n " o/ an MCC pro-%"m. Oth"r no'"s $o"s to s%""p stat". Altruistic- En"r$! "//i i"nt strat"$! a%truisti 3ISH is app%i"'. A%truisti no'" sta! a#a." a%% th" tim" to $ath"r an' shar" in/ormation. Oth"r no'"s #hi h 'o not oop"rat" an' i'%" $o"s to s%""p stat". IV. SIMULATION RESULTS AN3 3ISCUSSIONS <" "7a%uat" an' ompar" t#o proto o%s& In5situ an' a%truisti . Simu%ation r"su%ts ar" pr"s"nt"' in this s" tion. This s" tion insp" ts th" throu$hput an' "n"r$! onsumption. :oth o/ th" t#o "n"r$! "//i i"nt strat"$i"s an pr"s"r7" th" throu$hput -"n"/it o/ 3ISH. En"r$! tra'"5o// un'"r hi$h an' %o# tra//i %oa's is sho#n in Fi$. B. Tota% "n"r$! onsumption o/ In5situ an' a%truisti is sho#n in Fi$. B.C.

A%truisti p"r "nt9.

sa7"s

onsi'"ra-%"

amount o/ "n"r$!8BD5)D

+ig.../ Total energy consumption +ig. . 'nergy consumption under light traffic. Throu$hput $raph is sho#n in Fi$. B.E . A%truisti outp"r/orms than In5situ. A%truisti no'" a%#a!s sta! a#a.". En"r$! sa7"' -! a%truisti proto o% -" om"s mor" si$ni/i ant un'"r hi$h"r tra//i . Tra//i $"n"ration rat" is C*D.-ps. In summar!& a%truisti proto o% ons"r7"s onsi'"ra-%" amount o/ "n"r$! #ithout ompromisin$ th" throu$hput p"r/orman ". A%truisti proto o% -" om"s %"ss "//" ti7" #h"n th"r" ar" on%! /"# no'"s. It is sti%% '"sir"' to r"'u " th" o7"rh"a'. An a%t"rnati7" m"tho' /or a%truisti proto o% is to a'' on" mor" a%truisti no'" on /"# no'"s. A%truisti no'" ma! -" o7"r-ur'"n"' as it is a%#a!s a#a.". Fairn"ss mi$ht -" a pro-%"m an' thus m"rit /utur" stu'!.

+ig. ..0 Throughput#1o of nodes vs data rate#Mbps%% V. CONCLUSION In this pap"r 3ISH is us"' as a n"# oop"rati7" approa h /or '"si$nin$ mu%ti hann"% MAC proto o%. No'"s an "6 han$" ontro% in/ormation an' ma." '" isions 'urin$ ommuni ation. En"r$! "//i i"nt strat"$! In5situ an' a%truisti is app%i"' to 3ISH proto o%. :! usin$ 3ISH no'"s an stor" hann"% usa$" in/ormation an' an -" r"tri"7"' #h"n n""'"'. It %"ar%! s"parat"s ontro% p%an" an' 'ata p%an". Simu%ation r"su%ts sho# that a%truisti 3ISH& r"'u "s "n"r$! onsumption& 'o"s not in ur a''itiona% runtim" o7"rh"a'. In a%truisti 3ISH no'"s oop"rat" in a $uarant""' mann"r& a%truisti no'" is r"sponsi-%" /or ontro%5p%an" oop"ration& no'"s ar" r"sponsi-%" /or 'ata /or#ar'in$. 3ata r"transmission is a7oi'"' #ith th" assist o/ int"%%i$"nt no'". 3i//"r"nt routin$ t" hni;u"s to a%truisti no'" an -" us"' in /utur". REFERENCES
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+ig. . 'nergy consumption under heavy traffic.

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