Appr priate Site Devel pment

Greenship Associate Training

Iwan Prijanto

What is Green Suppose to be?

Is it about introducing a new source of energy a non fossil fuel? a renewable energy? a hybrid technology? Is it about finding a new source of fresh water? desalination / reverse osmosis? Is it about greening and reducing deforestation? Is it about emission control etc? Is it about ?

Whatever it is GREEN suppose to be SUSTAINABLE

The development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
(Brundtlant commission-1987)

FACT # 3
We have limitation, We have a limited natural resources One Earth

FACT # 2
We need to increase our social welfare, Secure our health, provide better education,

FACT # 1

We need To Grow, To Move, To Transact, To Develop

Ecological Foot-print Negara Kaya (Canada)

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 2007

Source: Global Footprint Network

UAE USA Belgium

Jakarta? Nepal
Mali Central Africa

Malaysia

Japan

Indonesi a

Colombia Equador

Finding The Realistic Strategy For Indonesian Case

Promote & enable Green Life Style
The most effective energy regeneration is energy efficiency Find the right technology that enable more efficiency achieved without sacrificing productivity The most effective resources conservation is resource sharing Find the right technology that enable resource sharing without sacrificing live quality

Site Issue

Sprawl at Kepulauan Seribu

Degraded Habitat
Average one single unit house for 3 family in-breeding tendency Low skill labor (traditional fishermen) Poor public utilities Scarce fresh water & energy Surrounding coral reefs are dying Quality of life getting worse

The other small residential island tends to grow like this

Level of Urbanization

JAPAN !27.960.000 peoples 377.944 sqkm

JAVA !36.000.000 peoples 126.700 sqkm

The Development Value of Jakarta Waterfront

WELL DEVELOPED Enclosed Residential slums WELL DEVELOPED Enclosed PMA slums

WELL-DEVELOPEDslums slums SUSTAINABLE-Semi public (Ancol) LESS WELL LESS DEVELOPED DEVELOPED DEVELOPED Forest Forest Enclosed Residential T. PRIOK

UNDER-DEVELOPED MARUNDA LESS DEVELOPED, KBN Forest

Forest Primary Harbor Industry Recreation

Fishing Port Fishing port & Industry Fishermen Dwelling

Non Fish & Log port

Upper-class Real Estate

Inappropriate Utilization of waterfront potentials

(sea-front & river-front)

Jakarta Extensive low rise - high density

Slums Area in Jakarta

Source: Dinas Perumahan Jakarta 2005

Jakarta LAND USE RATIO (2006)

Modified from source: BPS DKI Jakarta 2007

RESIDENTIAL
18%
2%

INDUSTRY

11% 64% 5%

OFFICES & WAREHOUSE PARKS

OTHERS

Modified by VALUEWORKS - BPS DKI 2007

Land Use Ratio of Singapore

Tendensi Ekstensifikasi Witnessing Uncontrolled Urban Sprawl Tendency !

1976

1989

2004

Modified by VALUEWORKS from multiple authorized sources

DENSITY V.S PLANNING

Total Area Residential Area Population Density

P.Panggang

9,5 HA

9,5 HA

3841

404/HA

Jakarta

67000 HA

43550 HA (65%)

9 juta

207/HA

Singapura

67000 HA

8040 HA (12%)

4 juta

497/HA

Modified by VALUEWORKS from multiple authorized sources (2006)

THE NEED FOR REDEVELOPMENT

Garden City built around 50-60s Radial pattern Multi access open enclave Seamless integration with surrounding districts High class residential Gov. initiatives

Garden City built around 70-80ss Tends to be linear pattern Limited access tend to be closed enclave Poor integration with surrounding districts High class residential Private initiatives

Jakarta Today

Poros Megapolitan Urban Sprawl Phenomena

DKI JAKARTA KOTA TANGERANG KAB. BEKASI

KAB. TANGERANG KOTA BEKASI KARAWANG DEPOK

PURWAKARTA KAB. BOGOR

KOTA BOGOR KAB. BANDUNG

CIANJUR
KOTA BANDUNG

SUKABUMI

Tingkat Urbanisasi di Jawa

Burden to Hinterland & Surrounding

The forgotten Middle Class

Productive Middle-class being Marginalized

Cause & Impact of Urban Sprawl

High cost & unsustainable city City designed for Cars Divisional Zones Transportation based on private vehicle Roadway network serve door to door trip People tempted to have landed house at suburban Large development seek cheapest land Larger scale city needed Road & trip interlink between zones needed Road volume always insufficient - traffic congestion The logic of roadway create segregated blocks Autonomous housing seek green fields

URBAN SPRAWL

Leapfrogging phenomena creates megacities

Self Destructing City

High cost infrastructure High cost trip

Larger scale city needed Road & trip interlink between zones needed Road volume always insufficient - traffic congestion The logic of Roadway create segregated blocks

Low Mobility High pollution level No way for pedestrian Public utilities & infrastructure cant meet demand or underutilized

Unsustainable City

extensive groundwater extraction land subsidence Higher building footprint, higher carbon footprint, higher ecological footprintopen space decreasing Productive middle class people marginalized Higher living cost Not enough resources for future development Vulnerable to creeping disaster People less walk- unhealthy lifestyleobesity City could be abandoned!

Autonomous housing seek green fields

Leapfrogging phenomena creates megacities

Change Planning Paradigm

Build more compact & vertical buildings, stop building new landed house/buildings on green fields Renovate /redevelop existing buildings Change planning & design paradigm from private car oriented to pedestrian focus Transform existing horizontal area into more compact & vertical buildings. Reduce building footprint and provide more open spaces Redevelop & transform brown-field area, degraded waterfront & slums area Reorient the development back to the city Revitalized/rejuvenate existing urban fabrics with focus on public transportation network mass transport station as the driver for growth Provide and facilitate optimum & convenient pedestrian path, bicycle & other non motorize vehicle

Response at the Site Level

Choose the right site:
Near public facilities especially near mass transport node Transform brown field area, degraded waterfront, and slums area

Build less building footprint from allowable regulation, provide more open spaces Prioritize pedestrian rather than car:
Shortest walkway from door to public transport shelter/station Convenient walkway, provide inter-building/site connection Provide Direct connection to mass transport pedestrian corridor

Build more compact & vertical; provide higher density, better ecological footprint

Design Major tasks

Bad Tendencies Design mission
Only focus on interior thermal comfort Only focus on internal site flooding mitigation Only focus on internal site health/hygienic Build aesthetic , but high maintenance landscape Create good microclimate minimize heat island effect Build flood protection but minimize/avoid run off

Self Centered Site

Consider /avoid bad impact to surrounding neighborhood Build aesthetic low maintenance landscape Reduced impervious surfaces Use native plant, protect indigenous vegetation & habitat

Excessive impervious surfaces

Use non native plant, not protect indigenous vegetation & habitat

Appropriate Site Development?

Site Selection Community connectivity & Accessibility

Public Transportation
Site Landscaping Microclimate Strom-water Management

Appropriate Site Development

Appropriate Site Response to City-wide issues

Appropriate Site Development?

Promote Smart Development Reduce Urban Sprawl!

Site Selection Community connectivity & Accessibility

Public Transportation
Site Landscaping Microclimate Strom-water Management

Anticipation
Back to City
Revitalization of an existing city and compacting its development by increasing land utilization Sustainable City

New City Development

Creating a new city development start from scratch on a new empty land.

Garden City Satellite City

Garden City
1. Offer sanctuary 2. Limited carrying capacity

3. Encouraging Urban sprawl

Satellite City
1. Remote from work place 2. Create traffic for commuter 3. Raise other environmental & social issues

Transport Means
Urban Context No of household/population Level of mix-integration

Private car based

Greenfields/Rural Min density : 1 Hh/1 Large Landed house Single use

Choose the right site: Locate the project near public facilities.

Choose the right site: Locate the project near mass transport node.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/8/85/Terminal _blok_m.jpg http://www.suaratransjakarta.org

http://stat.kompasiana.com/files/2010/05/sg _bus_stop_2.jpg http://static.panoramio.com/photos/original/1157645.jpg

Low Density Area & Brownfield

Building Surrounding
Orientation Existing Condition Accessibility Study

Icon Comm Complex - Hong Kong

The Big Differences Icon Comm. Complex - Jakarta

Iwan P-VALUEWORKS /2010

Grand Mall Mixed Use Private car allowed - limited parking area MRT Station & City check - in

Grand Mall Mixed Use Private Car based large parking structure No integration with mass transport system

Disconnected Station

http://www.infoindonesia.co.id/wpcontent/uploads/2011/05/macet_kompasiana.jpg

http://serpong.kompas.com/assets/front/imageRead.php?f ile=uploads/photo

Transportation & CO2 Emission

Pengelolaan Air Limpasan yang Kurang Baik

http://ardypurnawansani.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/25banjir2.gif

http://farm1.static.flickr.com/170/383536139_2ef647e50d.jpg http://data.tribunnews.com/foto/bank/images/Banjir-Jakarta-3.jpg

Breaking Up The Superblock

Schematic concept by Robert Cervero

Connection Between Buildings Site

Provide Direct Connection

Connected Buildings

Good Example !

Interconnected Buildings

Well Connected Neighborhood

Courtesy of MRT Jakarta

Mass Transit Reduced parking

Schematic concept by Robert Cervero

Support alternative transportation

Encourage car-pooling

Limit parking.

Transit Oriented Lifestyle

Southern Downtown of Jakarta
Now available for sale or rent in the Southern Downtown of Jakarta: Attractive, affordable homes with modern amenities in
Modified from BART presentation

vibrant neighborhoods.

All units offer

excellent public transit access

for

gridlock-free commutes to employment centers. Convenience is key, with shops, restaurants and retail services just steps away, and

walking and biking opportunitiesgalore. Autos are optional,

and any

savings in gasoline, parking, maintenance and insurance costs are yours to keep. Experience the benefits of a

transit-oriented lifestyle at one of the exciting new developments taking shape in, Simatupang Transit
Town, Cipete Residential Town, Haji Nawi square, Blok A square ... and in many other locations throughout the region. Come see if this new style of living is the right choice for you.New Places, New urban lifestyle.

Transport Means Urban Context No of Household/populatio n Level of mixintegration

Mass transport Greenfileds/Rural Medium High density

Integrated Mix Use Development

Transport Means

Mass transport

Urban Context
No of Household/populatio n

Greenfileds/Rural
Medium High density

Level of mixintegration

Integrated Mix Use Development

Appropriate Site Development?

Site Selection Community connectivity & Accessibility

Public Transportation
Promote positive impact site development and maintenance

Site Landscaping Microclimate Strom-water Management

Appropriate Site Development

Appropriate Site Design & management

Heat Island Effect

Satellite imagery of suburban (left) and urban Atlanta (right) shows the differences in daytime heating, as caused by the urban heat island effect.
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/terra/news/heat-islands.html

Heat Island Effect

Heat Island Effect

http://www.getnewlook.com/heat_island_effect.jpg

Good microclimate, Impervious surfaces, low heat island effects, native plant.

Use reflective materials.

http://www.celsias.com/article/cool-roof-could-offset-carbon-emissions/

Use reflective materials.

http://newscenter.lbl.gov/wp-content/uploads/Cool-Pavement-ASU.png

Maintain and Preserve Urban Corridor

Reconnecting Neighboorhood Green belt for City Connecting gate between region

Build aesthetic low maintenance landscape

Use native and wild plant Supporting with local nursery

Build Ecological Landscape in City

Today is how we keep it natural not destroying the nature
Combining with all variant of plants and their living creatures Properly grass roots plant Non high chemical vertilizer Biodiversity improved Natural maintenance

Reduced impervious surfaces

http://www.pavestonestoreok.com/images/permeable_ paving.jpg

http://i-cdn.apartmenttherapy.com/uimages/renest/DMA%20Green%20Roof%20Photo%204.jpg

http://www.inhabitat.com/wpcontent/uploads/2010/01/portland-verticalgarden.jpg

Control Stormwater
Approach using bio-technology and bio-engineering in landscape design is one way we dialogue with nature

Errosion and Sedimentation Control in River Link

Stormwater (Culverts and Drainage) Assesment and Databased from each developing urban areas.

The Technology behind....

Minimize Impervious Areas Control and Harvest Rainwater with ponds, biophore, bioswales, etc
BEFORE

AFTER