MODELING AND APPLICATION OF DIFFERENTIAL TRANSFORM METHOD FOR FLOW PROBLEM OF MAXWELL FLUID

S. A. MARDAN , M. A. REHMAN
, AND

M. B. RAIZ

Abstract. This paper investigates into the problem dealing with the ow of Non-Newtonian uid between two innite parallel plates in case when one plate is xed and other plate is moving with constant velocity. Two dimensional dierential transformation method (DTM) is applied to calculate velocity prole of model problem both numerically and analytically. In the end, numerical results of velocity prole reveal that the method proposed herein is highly convergent, very accurate and suitable to solve such problems. Key words. dierential transformation method, two dimensional problems, Non-newtonian uid. AMS subject classications. 35A35, 35Q35, 76A05

1. Introduction. Flow of a number of uids such as polymeric liquids, food products, paints, slurries, foams and so forth cannot be suciently described by means of the classical linearly viscous Newtonian model. Thus, there is a need to have at hand an armory of non-Newtonian uid models and over the past several decades, a variety of such models have been developed. Among these models, the model of uids of dierential type [5] has gained consideration. These uids can explain for instance, normal stress dierences in a simple shear ow, shear thinning, shear thickening and nonlinear creep characteristics exhibited by some non-Newtonian uids but they cannot describe the stress relaxation exhibited by certain liquids. Another class of uids is that of the rate-type uids [6], whose models can describe stress relaxation, nonlinear creep, shear thinning, shear thickening and normal stress dierences in simple shear ows. The simplest subclass of the rate type uids is the Maxwell model [7] in which the relaxation phenomena can be taken into account. Specically the Maxwell uid model has been used for the viscoelastic ows where the dimensionless relaxation time is small. However in some more concentrated polymeric uids the Maxwell model is also useful for large dimensionless relaxation time. Some recent investigations dealing with the ows of Maxwell uids are given in the references [8]-[9]. In this paper, the entire work includes a brief introduction about the rate type uids, constitutive equation, continuity equation, equation of motion and two dimensional DTM. The DTM is used to solve the partial dierential equation arising in the mathematical formulation of Maxwell uid. The basic concept of one dimensional DTM was rst introduced by Zhou [1] to solve linear and nonlinear problems in electric circuit analysis.Chen and Ho [2] developed a method to solve eigenvalue problems. Zareamoghaddam [4] applied DTM to solve one dimensional nonhomogeneous parabolic problems. 1.1. Mathematical formulation. The continuity equation and the balance of linear momentum are
University of Management and Technology, Department of Mathematics, C-II Johar Lahore, Pakistan. (syedalimardanazmi@yahoo.com) University of Management and Technology, Department of Mathematics, C-II Johar Lahore, Pakistan. (aziz3037@yahoo.com) University of Management and Technology, Department of Mathematics, C-II Johar Lahore, Pakistan. (Bilalsehole@gmail.com)

(1.1)

V=0

(1.2)

V + (V )V = f + T t

where V is the velocity eld, is the density, p is the pressure, S is the extra stress tensor. S = A1 t

T = pI + S; S +

(1.3)

S LS SLT ; S = S + (V.)S =S t t

where T is Cauchy stress tensor, p is hydrostatic pressure, I is the unit tensor S is the extra-stress tensor, is the dynamic viscosity and A = L + LT , A1 is the rst Rivlin-Ericksen tensor, L is the velocity gradient and the superscript T indicates the transpose operation. The constitutive relationship for an incompressible Maxwell uid are given in Eq. (1.3). We select the velocity of the following form (1.4) V = (v (y, t), 0, 0)

We also assume that extra stress tensor is a function of y and t only i.e. S = S(y, t). Using the assumed value of Extra stress tensor and selected value of velocity prole into Eq. (1.3) and remember that at t = 0 there is no motion of the uid, we obtain Sxz = Syy = Syz = Szz = 0 and (1.5) 1+ v Sxx 2Sxy =0 t y v Sxy =0 t y

(1.6) Also from Eq. (1.2), we have

1+

(1.7)

1+

dV = 1+ p + 1 + div S t dt t t

By substituting Eq. (1.4) and Eq. (1.6) into Eq. (1.7), we get
2

(1.8)

1+

p 2v v = 2 t t y x

If we neglect the pressure gradient, above equation becomes (1.9) 2 v (y, t) v (y, t) 2 v (y, t) + = t2 t y 2

subject to initial conditions (1.10) v (y, 0) = sin(y )

(1.11) and boundary conditions (1.12)

v (y, 0) = sin(y ) t

v (0, t) = 0

(1.13)

v (1, t) = U

2. Conclusion. In this paper, we rst model and then solve ow problem by using two-dimensional dierential transform method. By using this method both analytical and numerical solutions are obtained. The numerical results shows that method presented is highly convergent, very accurate and very closed to exact solution. Thus we can say that methodology presented here is best candidate for the solution of such problems. This technique can be extended to higher dimensional ow problems.
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