CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT POLYTECHNIC OF SULTAN AZLAN SHAH

STRUCTURE LABORATORY CC205

TITLE EXPERIMENT 3A EXPERIMENT 3B DATE OF PRACTICAL DUE DATE LECTURE NAME NAME OF GROUP MEMBERS

DEFLECTIOM AND SLOPE IN A BEAM Simply Supported Beam with a Point Load Cantilever Beam with a Point Load 15/10/2012 02/11/2012 PN. NOR HAZIAN BT. OSMAN NUM NAME 1 MOHAMAD HAMZI BIN JUMEN 2 3 4 5 NUM MARKING CRITERIAL 1 Practical Work Title (5%) 2 Objective (5%) 3 Theory (5%) 4 Apparatus / Equipment (5%) 5 Procedures (5%) 6 Data (5%) 7 Analysis / Discussion (5%) 8 Comments / Conclusion (5%) 9 Tidy (5%) 10 Reference (5%) Report (50%) 1 Attend for practical (25%) 2 Leadership / cooperation (25%) Practical (50%) TOTAL MARK (100%)

REG. NO 15DKA11F2004

GIVEN MARK

LECTURERS COMMENT

PRACTICAL 3 DEFLECTION AND SLOPE IN THE BEAM

EXPERIMENT 3a: Simply Supported Beam with a Point Load OBJECTIVE: To compare the value of deflection and gradient (slope) from the test and
theory for the simply supported beam

THEORY:
Macaulays methods The application of a double integration method to a beam subjected to a discontinuous load leads to a number of bending equations and their constant. The derivation of the deflection curve by this method is tedious to say the least. We therefore use a step function which is more commonly known as Macaulys method. The method of solution requires only one equation for the entire beam and thus only two constant of integration. The step function is a function of x of the form f(x) = such that for x < a, f(x) = 0 and for x > a, f(x) = . The important feature to mote is that if the quantity inside the square brackets becomes negative we omit it from any subsequent analysis. Care must be taken to retain the identity of the square bracket term under integration. For mathematical continuity where we have a distributed load we continue it to x = 1 and superimpose additional loadings which cancel out the extra load we added to the problem in order to obtain a solution. Three common step functions for Bending Moment are shown below;

Mo x=a w x=a x = a, M = W

x = a, M =

x=a x = a, M =

APPARATUS:
a) b) c) d) e) Two knife edge Supports Dial gauge Steel beam ( 25 mm x 6 mm) One Load hanger Weights

PROCEDURE:
i. ii. Placed both of supported A and B with a distance of 700mm as in the figure 1. Placed a load hanger at the middle of test beam and put carefully on the support (make sure the steel beam on both of support is balanced).

350mm Support A

350mm Support B

Figure 1: Force diagram

iii. iv. v.

Placed the dial gauge at the middle of the beam. Ensure that there are no wights in the hangers. Set the dial gauge to the zero. Apply the loads in increase of 10N up to a maximum of 30 N and in each case note the readings of the dial indicator. Tabulate your results as the table 3a. Remember, Experiment Deflection, = Dial gauge reading x 0.01 mm Experiment Slope, = x 0.01 radian

RESULT:
Load (N) Dial gauge reading 0 121 299 479 Experimental Theoretical Experimental Deflection Deflection Slope (mm) (mm) (radian) 0 0 0 1.21 0.0121 2.15 x 2.94 0 0.2990 4.74 0 0.0474 Table 2a: Results for Experiment Theoretical Slope (radian) 0 2.29 x 6.58 x 9.87 x

0 10 20 30

DISCUSSION:
Based on calculation.

CONCLUSION:
Based on the result, the value by using theory is different than the experimental. This happen because when we do the experiment many errors can we get. So, to avoid the error we must take some precaution to get the real value for experimental. The error that we can get when do the experiment are parallax error, systematic error and person error. The Macaulays theory was accepted.