International Journal of Advanced Computer Research (ISSN (print): 2249-7277 ISSN (online): 2277-7970) Volume-2 Number-3 Issue-5 September-2012

Modeling & Simulation of Multi -Pulse Converters for Harmonic Reduction

Deependra Singh1, Prof. Hemant Mahala2, Prof. Paramjeet Kaur3
2,3 1

PG Scholar in Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, NRI-IIST, Bhopal Associate Professor in Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, NRI-IIST, Bhopal 1 deependra_2001in@yahoo.com

Abstract
This research paper deals with the reduction of Total Harmonic Distortion using Multi-pulse AC to DC Conversion scheme. The three-phase multipulse AC to DC conversion system employs a phase-shifting transformer and a three-phase. Every such converter provides 6-pulse AC to DC conversion, so in order to produce more sets of 6pulse systems, a uniform phase-shift is required and hence with proper phase-shifting angle, 12, 18, 24, 30, and higher pulse systems have been produced. The performance improvement of multipulse converter is achieved for total harmonics distortion (THD) in supply current, DC voltage ripples and form factor. All the simulations have been done for similar ratings for all the multipulse converters configurations. The results are obtained for both uncontrolled and controlled converters for R, RL and RC Load.

Different rectifiers are used for conversion of AC supply into DC supply. For uncontrolled conversion, diodes have been preferred, while for the controlled conversion, thyristors have been implemented. The performance improvement of multi-pulse converter is achieved for total harmonics distortion (THD) in supply current, DC voltage ripples and form factor. All the simulations have been done for similar ratings of RL Load, for all the multi-pulse converters configurations, so as to represent a fair comparison among controlled and uncontrolled continuations of multi-pulse converters. The presented simulation results show the reduced THD at supply side. These results agree with the IEEE Standards 519-1992. Effect of increase in number of pulses in converter circuits for uncontrolled and controlled multipulse converter on input supply current and DC side voltage and current has been presented in this work [1].

Keywords
Multipulse, Total Harmonic Distortion, Form factor, Ripple Content, 6-pulse, 12-pulse, 18-pulse, 36-pulse, 48-pulse.

2. Objective of Present Study

The present work is an effort towards analyzing the different multi-pulse AC to DC converters in solving the harmonic problem in a three-phase converter system. The effect of increasing the number of pulses on the performance of AC to DC converters has been analyzed. For performance comparison the major factors considered are the ripple percentage, form factor and the total harmonic distortion (THD). The effects of load variation on multi-pulse AC to DC converters have also been investigated[2].

1. Introduction
In the past few years a lot of work has been done for the reduction of Total Harmonic Distortion using different concepts and applications. This thesis work deals with the reduction of Total Harmonic Distortion using Multi-pulse AC to DC Conversion scheme. The results are obtained for both uncontrolled and controlled converters for R, RL & RC Load. The three-phase multi-pulse AC to DC conversion system employs a phase-shifting transformer and a three-phase converter between the supply and load side of the system. Every such converter provides 6pulse AC to DC conversion, so in order to produce more sets of 6-pulse systems, a uniform phase-shift is required and hence with proper phase-shifting angle, 12, 18, 24, 30, and higher pulse systems can be produced. 24

3. Multi-Pulse Methods
Multi-pulse methods involve multiple converters connected so that the harmonics generated by one converter are cancelled by harmonics produced by other converters. By this means, certain harmonics related to number of converters are eliminated from the power source. In multi-pulse converters, reduction of AC input line current harmonics is important as regards to the impact the converter has on the power system[3]. Multi-pulse methods are characterized by the use of

International Journal of Advanced Computer Research (ISSN (print): 2249-7277 ISSN (online): 2277-7970) Volume-2 Number-3 Issue-5 September-2012

multiple converters or multiple semiconductor devices with a common load. Fig. 1 & Fig. 2 given below depict the various techniques used widely for the reduction of harmonics[4].

Fig. 3. Uncontrolled Six-Pulse Converter

FFT window: 1 of 50 cycles of selected signal 50

-50 0.15 0.152 0.154 0.156 0.158 0.16 Time (s) 0.162 0.164 0.166 0.168

Fundamental (50Hz) = 68.5 , THD= 1.07% 0.8 0.7

Mag (% of Fundamental)

0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 Harmonic order 12 14 16 18 20

Fig. 1. Various Harmonic Reduction Techniques

Fig. 4. THD for input current B. Twelve Pulse Converter Twelve-pulse converter is a series connection of two fully controlled six pulse converter bridges and requires two 3-phase systems which are spaced apart from each other by 30 electrical degrees. The phase difference effected to cancel out the 6-pulse harmonics on the AC and DC side. Fig. 2. Multi-Pulse Converter Configurations For the ease & convenience model & FFT analysis for RL load only, have been provided in the adjoining text.

4. Simulation Of Uncontrolled MultiPulse Converters

A. Six-Pulse Converter The six pulse converter bridge shown in Fig 3. as the basic converter unit of HVDC transmission is used for rectification, where electrical power flows from the AC side to the DC side and inversion where the power flow is from the DC side to the AC side. Thyristor valves operate as switches which turn on and conduct current when fired on receiving a gate pulse and are forward biased. The characteristic AC side current harmonics generated by 6-pulse converters are 6n1, Characteristic DC side voltage harmonics generated by a 6-pulse converter are of the order 6n1.

Fig. 5. Uncontrolled twelve pulse converter

FFT window: 1 of 50 cycles of selected signal 50 0 -50 0.15 0.152 0.154 0.156 0.158 0.16 Time (s) 0.162 0.164 0.166 0.168

Fundamental (50Hz) = 76.73 , THD= 0.63% 0.45 0.4

Mag (% of Fundamental)

0.35 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 Harmonic order 12 14 16 18 20

Fig. 6. THD for input current 25

International Journal of Advanced Computer Research (ISSN (print): 2249-7277 ISSN (online): 2277-7970) Volume-2 Number-3 Issue-5 September-2012

C. Eighteen Pulse Converter In this 18-pulse topology, the magnetic circuit involved is same as that of a 6-pulse converter. Therefore this topology is comparatively a preferred one. The simulated results are in close agreement with any result obtained from an 18 pulse converters. A phase shift of 200 has been provided between all three phase shift transformers with star connected secondary. Fig. 9. Uncontrolled twenty four pulse converter
FFT window: 1 of 50 cycles of selected signal 50 0 -50 0.15 0.152 0.154 0.156 0.158 0.16 Time (s) 0.162 0.164 0.166 0.168

Fundamental (50Hz) = 82.41 , THD= 0.06% 0.025

Mag (% of Fundamental)

0.02

0.015 0.01

Fig. 7. Uncontrolled eighteen pulse converter

0.005

10

15

20 Harmonic order

25

30

35

40

FFT window: 1 of 50 cycles of selected signal 50 0 -50 0.15 0.152 0.154 0.156 0.158 0.16 Time (s) 0.162 0.164 0.166 0.168

Fig. 10. THD for input current E. Thirty-Pulse Converter The connection for 30-pulse converter and the corresponding connections are shown in fig. 11, six pulse converters phase shifted by 12 degrees from each other, can provide thirty-pulse conversion, and obviously with much lower harmonics on AC and DC side. Its AC output voltage would have 30n1 order harmonics i.e., 29th, 31st, 59th , 61st harmonics with magnitudes of 1/29th, 1/31st, 1/59th , 1/61st,respectively, of the phase shift.

Fundamental (50Hz) = 80.63 , THD= 0.41%

0.25

Mag (% of Fundamental)

0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05

10 Harmonic order

15

20

25

Fig. 8. THD for input current D. Twenty-Four Pulse Converter The connection for 24-pulse converter and the corresponding connections are shown in fig. 9. Four six pulse converters phase shifted by 15 degrees from each other, can provide twenty four pulse rectification, obviously with much lower harmonics on AC and DC side. Its AC output voltage would have 24n1 order harmonics i.e., 23rd, 25th, 47th , 49th harmonics with magnitudes of 1/23rd , 1/25th , 1/47th ,1/49th , respectively, of the phase shift.

Fig. 11. Uncontrolled thirty pulse converter

26

International Journal of Advanced Computer Research (ISSN (print): 2249-7277 ISSN (online): 2277-7970) Volume-2 Number-3 Issue-5 September-2012

FFT window: 1 of 50 cycles of selected signal 50 0 -50 0.15 0.152 0.154 0.156 0.158 0.16 Time (s) 0.162 0.164 0.166 0.168

Fundamental (50Hz) = 83.43 , THD= 0.36% 0.25

Mag (% of Fundamental)

0.2

G. Forty-Eight Pulse Converter For high power FACTS controllers, from the point of view of the AC systems even a twenty-four, thirty or thirty-six pulse converter without AC filters could have voltage harmonics, which are higher than the acceptable level. The alternative is to go for 48 pulse operation with eight six-pulse converters phase shifted from each other by 7.5 degrees. All 8 transformer primaries are to be connected in series.

0.15

0.1

0.05

10

15

20 Harmonic order

25

30

35

40

Fig. 12. THD for input current F. Thirty-Six Pulse Converter The connection for 36-pulse converter and the corresponding connections are shown in fig. 13. Six six-pulse converters phase shifted by 100 from each other, can provide thirty-six pulse conversion, and obviously with much lower harmonics on AC and DC side. Its AC output voltage would have 30n1order harmonics.

Fig. 15. Uncontrolled Forty-Eight Pulse Converter

FFT window: 1 of 50 cycles of selected signal 50 0 -50 0.15 0.152 0.154 0.156 0.158 0.16 Time (s) 0.162 0.164 0.166 0.168

Fundamental (50Hz) = 85.12 , THD= 0.11% 0.08

Mag (% of Fundamental)

Fig. 13. Uncontrolled Thirty-Six Pulse Converter

0.07 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01

FFT window: 1 of 50 cycles of selected signal 50 0 -50 0.15 0.152 0.154 0.156 0.158 0.16 Time (s) 0.162 0.164 0.166 0.168

10

15

20

25 Harmonic order

30

35

40

45

50

Fundamental (50Hz) = 84.2 , THD= 0.17% 0.12

Mag (% of Fundamental)

Fig. 16. THD for input current

0.1 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0

5. Simulation Of Controlled MultiPulse Converters

0 5 10 15 20 Harmonic order 25 30 35 40

Fig. 14. THD for input current 27

For the simulation of controlled multi pulse converters instead of the diode bridge we use the Thyristor Bridge and the corresponding pulses are given.

International Journal of Advanced Computer Research (ISSN (print): 2249-7277 ISSN (online): 2277-7970) Volume-2 Number-3 Issue-5 September-2012

Six-Pulse Converter

I.

Eighteen-Pulse Converter

Fig. 17. Controlled six-pulse Converter

FFT window: 1 of 50 cycles of selected signal 50

-50 0.15 0.152 0.154 0.156 0.158 0.16 Time (s) 0.162 0.164 0.166 0.168

Fig. 21. Controlled eighteen pulse converter

FFT window: 1 of 50 cycles of selected signal

Fundamental (50Hz) = 68.58 , THD= 0.44%

50

0.25
Mag (% of Fundamental)

0 -50 0.15 0.152 0.154 0.156 0.158 0.16 Time (s) 0.162 0.164 0.166 0.168

0.2 0.15

0.1
0.08

Fundamental (50Hz) = 80.64 , THD= 0.11%

0.05
Mag (% of Fundamental)

0.07 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01

10 Harmonic order

12

14

16

18

20

Fig. 18. THD for input current H. Twelve Pulse Converter J.

10 Harmonic order

15

20

25

Fig. 22. THD for input current Twenty-Four Pulse Converter

Fig. 19. Controlled Twelve Pulse Converter

FFT window: 1 of 50 cycles of selected signal 50 0 -50 0.15 0.152 0.154 0.156 0.158 0.16 Time (s) 0.162 0.164 0.166 0.168
FFT window: 1 of 50 cycles of selected signal 50 0 -50

Fig. 23. Controlled twenty four pulse converter

Fundamental (50Hz) = 76.86 , THD= 0.13%

0.05
Mag (% of Fundamental)

0.15

0.152

0.154

0.156

0.158

0.16 Time (s)

0.162

0.164

0.166

0.168

0.04 0.03
0.09 Fundamental (50Hz) = 82.43 , THD= 0.13%

Mag (% of Fundamental)

0.02 0.01 0

0.08 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0 0 5 10 15 20 Harmonic order 25 30 35 40

10 Harmonic order

12

14

16

18

20

Fig. 20. THD for input current Fig. 24. THD for input current 28

International Journal of Advanced Computer Research (ISSN (print): 2249-7277 ISSN (online): 2277-7970) Volume-2 Number-3 Issue-5 September-2012

K.

Thirty Pulse Converter

M.

Forty-Eight Pulse Converter

Fig. 29. Controlled Forty-Eight Pulse Converter

FFT window: 1 of 50 cycles of selected signal 50 0 -50 0.15

FFT window: 1 of 50 cycles of selected signal 50 0 -50 0.15 0.152 0.154 0.156 0.158 0.16 Time (s) 0.162 0.164 0.166 0.168

Fig. 25. Controlled Thirty Pulse Converter

0.152

0.154

0.156

0.158

0.16 Time (s)

0.162

0.164

0.166

0.168

Fundamental (50Hz) = 85.16 , THD= 0.06% 0.045 0.04

Mag (% of Fundamental)

0.035 0.03 0.025 0.02 0.015 0.01 0.005 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 Harmonic order 30 35 40 45 50

Fundamental (50Hz) = 83.55 , THD= 0.10% 0.07 0.06

Mag (% of Fundamental)

0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0

10

15

20 Harmonic order

25

30

35

40

Fig. 30. THD for input current

Fig. 26. THD for input current L. Thirty-Six Pulse Converter

6. Simulation Results obtained for MultiPulse Converters

Uncontrolled Multi-Pulse Converters 1) Analysis of Supply Current THD Table 1: Total Harmonic Distortion Observed on Simulation No. of Pulses R Load RL Load RC Load 0.78 1.07 1.21 06 0.51 0.63 0.65 12 0.37 0.41 0.45 18 0.24 0.06 0.38 24 0.20 0.36 0.36 30 0.20 0.17 0.18 36 0.14 0.11 0.28 48 2) Analysis of DC Voltage Ripple Content Table 2: % Ripple Content Observed on Simulation No. of Pulses R Load RL Load RC Load 4.625 4.352 4.385 06 1.412 0.9479 0.9399 12 1.066 0.5821 0.5848 18 0.7492 0.0588 0.3256 24 0.4954 0.313 0.3328 30 0.4477 0.2739 0.2198 36 0.5320 0.2988 0.3478 48 29

Fig. 27. Controlled Thirty-Six Pulse Converter

FFT window: 1 of 50 cycles of selected signal 50 0 -50 0.15 0.152 0.154 0.156 0.158 0.16 Time (s) 0.162 0.164 0.166 0.168

Fundamental (50Hz) = 84.23 , THD= 0.06% 0.045 0.04

Mag (% of Fundamental)

0.035 0.03 0.025 0.02 0.015 0.01 0.005 0 0 5 10 15 20 Harmonic order 25 30 35 40

Fig. 28. THD for input current

International Journal of Advanced Computer Research (ISSN (print): 2249-7277 ISSN (online): 2277-7970) Volume-2 Number-3 Issue-5 September-2012

Analysis of DC Voltage Form Factor Table 3: Form Factor Observed on Simulation No. of Pulses R Load RL Load RC Load 1.001 1.001 1.001 06 1 1 1 12 1 1 1 18 1 1 1 24 1 1 1 30 1 1 1 36 1 1 1 48 N. Controlled Multi-Pulse Converters 1) Analysis of Supply Current THD Table 4: Total Harmonic Distortion Observed on Simulation No. of Pulses R Load RL Load RC Load 06 0.45 0.44 7.64 12 0.13 0.13 0.14 18 0.11 0.11 0.23 24 0.11 0.13 0.19 30 0.09 0.10 0.11 36 0.03 0.06 0.09 48 0.09 0.06 0.02 2) Analysis of Ripple Content Table 5: % Ripple Content Observed on Simulation No. of Pulses R Load RL Load RC Load 4.559 12.13 78.08 06 6.145 35.44 6.412 12 4.503 4.499 4.495 18 3.356 3.334 3.342 24 2.550 2.56 2.497 30 2.158 2.127 2.078 36 1.571 1.606 1.625 48 Analysis of Form Factor Table 6: Form Factor Observed on Simulation No. of Pulses R Load RL Load RC Load 1.012 1.007 1.263 06 1.002 1.002 1.002 12 1.001 1.001 1.001 18 1.001 1.001 1.001 24 1 1 1 30 1 1 1 36 1 1 1 48 3)

3)

load variation on different multi-pulse converters reveals that with RL load because of inductance there is smoothing effect on current, therefore current THD decreases. The effect is similar for different multi-pulse converters, i.e. it increases current discontinuity and hence affecting the harmonic spectrum adversely. Performance Analysis And Comparison All the data obtained after simulation of aforesaid models using MATLAB/SIMULINK has been collected here so as to ease the comparison of factors accounted for i.e. THD, Ripple Content and Form Factor between Uncontrolled & Controlled Multipulse converters. All the results obtained have been collected from Tables 5.1 to 5.6 and categorised on the basis of Load provided so as to ease the comparison. 4)
0.9 6 pulse 0.8 12 pulse 0.7 0.6
% THD

Total Harmonic Distortion

18 pulse 24 pulse 30 pulse 36 pulse 48 pulse

0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 Uncontrolled 0.78 0.51 0.37 0.24 0.2 0.2 0.14 Controlled 0.45 0.13 0.11 0.11 0.09 0.03 0.09

6 pulse 12 pulse 1.2 18 pulse 24 pulse 1 30 pulse 36 pulse 48 pulse 0.8

(a) For R Load

% THD

0.6

6 pulse 12 pulse 18 pulse 24 pulse 30 pulse 36 pulse 48 pulse

0.4

0.2

0 6 pulse 12 pulse 9 18 pulse 24 pulse 8 30 pulse 7 36 pulse 48 pulse 6

% THD

Uncontrolled 1.07 0.63 0.41 0.06 0.36 0.17 0.11

Controlled 0.44 0.13 0.11 0.13 0.1 0.06 0.06 6 pulse 12 pulse 18 pulse 24 pulse 30 pulse 36 pulse 48 pulse

(b) For RL Load

5 4 3 2 1 0 Uncontrolled 1.21 0.65 0.45 0.38 0.36 0.18 Controlled 7.64 0.14 0.23 0.19 0.11 0.09 0.02

6 pulse 12 pulse 18 pulse 24 pulse 30 pulse 36 pulse

(c) For RC Load Fig. 31. THD Comparison: (a) (c) Percentage Ripple Content
0.28

5)

48 pulse 7 6 5
% Ripple Content

7. Conclusion
Simulation The various isolated multi-pulse configurations were simulated using the software MATLAB/ SIMULINK[5] and the results have been presented in this chapter in Table 1 to Table 6. The effect of 30

4 3 2 1 0

6 pulse 12 pulse 18 pulse 24 pulse 30 pulse 36 pulse 48 pulse

Uncontrolled 4.625 1.412 1.066 0.7492 0.4954 0.4477 0.532

Controlled 4.559 6.145 4.503 3.356 2.55 2.158 1.571

6 pulse 12 pulse 18 pulse 24 pulse 30 pulse 36 pulse 48 pulse

(a) For R Load

International Journal of Advanced Computer Research (ISSN (print): 2249-7277 ISSN (online): 2277-7970) Volume-2 Number-3 Issue-5 September-2012
40 35 30
% Ripple Content

25 20 15 10 5 0

6 pulse 12 pulse 18 pulse 24 pulse 30 pulse 36 pulse 48 pulse

pulses in multi-pulse case the performance parameters of these converters have remarkably improved. The THD for controlled converters has reduced than for the consecutive uncontrolled converters. For RC Load as implecated, the ripple content has significantly increased in comparison to R and RL Load.

Uncontrolled 4.352 0.9479 0.5821 0.0588 0.313 0.2739 0.2988

Controlled 12.13 35.44 4.499 3.334 2.56 2.127 1.606 6 pulse 12 pulse 18 pulse 24 pulse 30 pulse 36 pulse 48 pulse

6 pulse 12 pulse 90 18 pulse 24 pulse 80 30 pulse 70 36 pulse

% Ripple COntent

(b) For RL Load

48 pulse 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

8. Future Scope
A back-to-back asynchronous tie comprised of VSC converters employing PWM may well represent the ultimate HVDC system. Besides controlling the through power flow, it can supply reactive power and provide independent dynamic voltage control at its two terminals. The two converters can be paralleled to double the reactive power capability supplied to one side or the other. The back-to-back converters can be used for black start or to supply a passive load. Higher voltage designs can be used with transmission lines or cables to form point-topoint or multi-terminal transmission links. More sophisticated controls can be used to provide additional network benefits. With the Eagle Pass project, CSW has realized the system advantages of deploying a VSC based back-to-back asynchronous Tie with standby dynamic voltage control during network contingencies. The controlled power transfer capability allows the exchange of power between the two networks while the voltage control stabilizes the voltage following line outages especially during peak load periods. The future scope of work could be the simulation of 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 48 multi pulse converter topologies in closed loop. With this technique, this work can be further extended to: i. Number of pulses can be increased. Even higher pulse converters can be used for high voltage and high power applications such as HVDC conversion. ii. Closed Loop Multi-pulse conversion can be worked out for enhanced controlling and efficiency. iii. Other method of increasing the pulses can be used in place of phase shifting transformers as to derive multiphase supply from three phase AC mains using different combinations of transformer windings such as star, delta, zigzag, fork, polygon, etc.

Uncontrolled 4.385 0.9399 0.5848 0.3256 0.3328 0.2198

Controlled 78.08 6.412 4.495 3.342 2.497 2.078 1.625

(c) For RC Load Fig. 32. %Ripple Content Comparison: (a) (c)
6 pulse 12 pulse 18 pulse 24 pulse 30 pulse 36 pulse

6)

48 pulse 1.014 1.012 1.01 1.008

Form Factor

Form Factor
0.3478

1.006 1.004 1.002 1 0.998 0.996 0.994 Uncontrolled 1.001 1 1 1 1 1 1 Controlled 1.012 1.002 1.001 1.001 1 1 1

6 pulse 12 pulse 18 pulse 24 pulse 30 pulse 36 pulse 48 pulse

6 pulse 12 pulse 1.008 18 pulse 24 pulse 1.006 30 pulse 36 pulse 48 pulse 1.004
Form Factor

(a) For R Load

6 pulse 12 pulse 18 pulse 24 pulse 30 pulse 36 pulse 48 pulse

1.002

0.998

0.996 6 pulse 12 pulse 1.4 18 pulse 24 pulse 1.2 30 pulse 36 pulse 1 48 pulse
Form Factor
0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 6 pulse

Uncontrolled 1.001 1 1 1 1 1 1

Controlled 1.007 1.002 1.001 1.001 1 1 1

6 pulse 12 pulse 18 pulse 24 pulse 30 pulse 36 pulse 48 pulse

(b) For RL Load

Uncontrolled 1.001 1 1 1 1 1 1

Controlled 1.263 1.002 1.001 1.001 1 1 1

12 pulse 18 pulse 24 pulse 30 pulse 36 pulse 48 pulse

(c) For RC Load Fig. 33. Form Factor Comparison: (a) (c)

Result Of Simulation The objective of the present work is to investigate the performance of controlled and uncontrolled multi-pulse converters. These converters are studied in terms of harmonic spectrum of AC supply current, Total Harmonic Distortion, Ripple Content & form factor in the AC supply. It is concluded therefore that in general with increase in number of 31

References
[1] N.Mohan, T.M.Undeland, W.P.Robbins, Power Electronics: Converters, Applications, and Design, 3rd Edition, 2002

International Journal of Advanced Computer Research (ISSN (print): 2249-7277 ISSN (online): 2277-7970) Volume-2 Number-3 Issue-5 September-2012 [2] D.A.Paice, Power Electronic Converter HarmonicsMulti-pulse Methods for Clean Power. New York, IEEE Press, 1996. [3] B.Singh, S.Gairola, B.N.Singh, A.Chandra, and K.A.Haddad, Multi-pulse AC-DC Converter for Improving Power Quality: A Review IEEE Transactions, On Power Delivery, Vol.23 No.1 January 2008. [4] G.K.Dubey, S.R.Doradla, A.Joshi, R.M.K.Sinha, Thyristorised Power Controllers, New Age International publishers, July 1996. [5] Mathworks, Matlab Users Guide, Mathworks. Inc. Corporation

Deependra Singh is an M.Tech. Scholar from NRI Institute of Information Science & Technology, RGPV, Bhopal, and did his Bachelor of Engineering from NIIST, Bhopal in 2006. He became a Life Member (LM) of ISTE in 2009.

Prof. Hemant Mahala is an Associate Professor in Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, N.R.I.I.I.S.T., Bhopal. He did his Bachelor of Engineering from L.N.C.T., Bhopal, M.Tech from M.A.N.I.T., Bhopal and is currently pursuing Ph.D. from D.K.N.M.U., Newai (Raj.). He is a Life Member of ISTE, IACSIT, IAENG and several other technical societies.

Prof. Paramjeet Kaur is an Associate Professor in Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, N.R.I.I.I.S.T., Bhopal. She did her Bachelor of Engineering from G.E.C., Rewa and M.Tech from L.N.C.T., Bhopal.

32