0etting "argets for >bjectives

Healthy Campus 2020 has one national target for each student and faculty/staff objective, but the national target need not be the one that campuses will use for campus-level planning and tracking !any college health professionals struggle with setting achievable, realistic targets for outcome, performance, and process objectives "he tips below focus primarily on setting targets for health outcomes and performance

Using Peer Communities

#ou can set targets by comparing your campus with others like it #ear in college, age, major, co-curricular activity, place of residence, race/ethnicity, and population si$e may define peer communities "he following may be used to describe one%s peers& typical values for a specific objective, means or medians, or the variation among peers Comparable data for campuses like yours may be found using the 'merican College Health 'ssociation%s (ational College Health 'ssessment )'CH'-(CH'* )see www acha-ncha org * +eference ,roup +eports posted at www achancha org/pubs-rpts html will help you get started Healthy Campus 2020 lists the data sources you can use .emographics of participating institutions include type, location, si$e, setting, and Carnegie Classification

Setting Targets for Objectives

/henever possible, objectives should use current best scientific evidence and 0!'+" )specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, and time-bound* targets )1 0 .epartment of Health and Human 0ervices 2HH03, 2004a* "o set targets, planners should consider the current status )baseline*, seek stakeholder input on the desired level of improvement, and assess what can realistically be accomplished based on the availability of financial resources and people%s time and energy in order to have a good balance between adaptability to your population/setting and fidelity to following prescribed protocols of evidence-based interventions )5eney 6 7alu$ny, 8449* "o help you and your stakeholders make a realistic assessment of what can be accomplished, determine& 8* priority student audiences or segments of the student population )the ones with uni:ue needs for improved social and physical environments, or for whom there are special concerns*; and, 2* priority behaviors )determinants of health* 0elect stakeholders that allow you to use the Healthy <eople 2020 health-in-all-policies concept )HH0, 2004b* =nclude departments whose policies and activities may affect the health status and behavior of students they serve

Using Performance Measures

<erformance measurement responds to the need to ensure efficient and effective use of resources, particularly financial resources )1 0 .epartment of Health and Human 0ervices >ffice of .isease <revention and Health <romotion, 844?* =t links the use of resources with health improvements and the accountability of individual partners <erformance measures can be incorporated within or based on Healthy Campus objectives <lease see the following pages for a detailed description of setting performance measures

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Healthy Campus 2020 Setting Targets for Objectives Worksheet

Setting Performance Measures Step by Step

"he following eAamples are a composite of eAperiences of over a do$en institutions of higher education with a combined 800B years of eAperience in coalition building and application of evidence-based interventions (ot all campuses will be able to follow the eAamples eAactly; therefore eAamples should be used as needed

Step !" #e ate t$e performance measure to an important nationa % state% or oca $ea t$ priority area" 2" Measure a resu t t$at can be ac$ieve& in five years or ess"

Ask /hat national, state, or local health priority will our plan addressC

Examp e "he university used here as an eAample has undertaken work related to the national Healthy Campus 2020 objective to reduce the proportion of students whose academic performance and success and faculty and staff whose productivity are adversely affected by stress, the first of the top five health impediments to academic performance "he university has identified an achievable result that is linked scientifically to the Healthy Campus 2020 'cademic =mpediments topic area objective& '= 8 8 - +educe the proportion of students who reported that their academic performance was adversely affected in the past 82 months by stress "arget partners are essentially all students, faculty, and staff, plus members of the community surrounding the campus "he strategic planning process mobili$ed partners with the Healthy <eople 2020 !'<-="D )HH0, n d * process; interdepartmental Ehealth-in-allpoliciesF determinants of health and ecological approaches; and use of evidence-based activities Gleven years earlier the university president established an advisory committee and coalition "he A&visory Committee on )ea t$ an& *e ness has siA members with eApertise in areas related to health promotion and disease prevention "he Campus Community Coa ition for )ea t$ an& *e ness was established to connect and collaborate with the campus community to create sustained healthier social and physical environments ' Steering Committee is charged with the prioriti$ation and development of an action plan to address the leading health and wellness issues that affect academic performance, success, and productivity "he 0teering Committee has seven Priority Action +roups to address the 88 Healthy Campus 2020 topic areas 0ee the organi$ation chart on page seven "he Menta )ea t$ Priority Action +roup created the Stress Committee =ts members met monthly for over a year to collect data on student, and faculty and staff stress and develop a comprehensive strategic plan ! "#$%&T' "obili(e) #ssess) $lan) &mplement) Track

How will we measure our progressC Can a change be measured in five years or lessC

'" Ensure t$at t$e resu t is meaningfu to a (i&e au&ience of partners"

/ho are all the potential partners that have a stake in this health issueC

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Healthy Campus 2020 Setting Targets for Objectives Worksheet

'

," -efine t$e strategy t$at (i be use& to reac$ a resu t"

/hat strategies will be effective for addressing this health issueC /hat does your review of evidence-based literature tell you about interventions that 8* indicate the proportion in each priority audience may change behavior or health status and 2* balance fidelity and adaptation to your campus environmentC .o we have the fiscal and human resources to implement these strategiesC /hat do cost-benefit, cost-effectiveness, and cost-utility analysis of strategies tell you about best strategies to use for your population and priority audiencesC

"he university used the Healthy <eople 2020 !'<-=" approach and selected three strategies& 8* 'ssess needs and assets )resources* of the campus community to determine key stressors, underlying issues of stress, and, if more realistic based on resource, priority student and faculty/staff groups for interventions 2* Hind evidence-based strategies and assess the balance of adaptability to the campus environment and ability to maintain fidelity to the strategies, I* 'dapt, implement and track evidence-based policies and interventions to address health issues in relation to social and physical environment

." -efine t$e accountab e entities"

/ho is responsible for implementing the different activities in each strategyC

"he accountable entities depend on the strategy used to achieve results and the way in which a particular campus is organi$ed ' key to the effectiveness of the strategic planning process reported here is that the 0tress Committee was involved during all stages of the process from data collection, interpretation of data, development of the intervention strategies and tracking "he members informed and received feedback from the Campus Community Coalition :uarterly "he 0teering Committee members, assisted by the university%s =nstitutional +esearch and <lanning )=+<* office, gathered and analy$ed focus group and 'CH'-(CH' data 'dditionally, the committee members and =+< developed and implemented a student stressor inventory "he committee reported results to the 'dvisory Committee, Campus Community Coalition, faculty, staff, student and the community "hey also used health communication, social marketing, and health marketing )1 0 .epartment of Health and Human 0ervices Centers for .isease Control and <revention, n d *, plus a variety of health promotion theories to move the campus community to support the university efforts "he 'dvisory Committee looked for evidence-based strategies to address student stress at four determinants of health levels of

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Healthy Campus 2020 Setting Targets for Objectives Worksheet

intervention )policymaking, social )social and physical factors*, health services, and individual Hor these proposals, it started by using the interventions listed in Healthy <eople 2020%s Gducational and Community Jased <rograms and !ental Health topic areas and by using Healthy <eople 2020 EP anning #esources"F /" -raft measures t$at meet statistica re0uirements for va i&ity an& re iabi ity an& $ave an existing source of &ata" /hat is our objectiveC =s it specific, measurable, achievable, realist, and time-phased )0!'+"*C =s there an eAisting data source for our measureC =n consultation with =+< the 0teering Committee drafted measures that are statistically sound, 0!'+", and maAimi$e fidelity to evidence-based strategies "he following targets were selected 'ssessment results found four underlying causes of stress that were significantly associated with several groups of students >verall, I2K of the students% academics were adversely affected by stress "he underlying causes and the percent of the entire student body affected by them were& sleep difficulties )L?K*, depression )2IK*, finances )8?K* and relationship difficulties )8LK* 'dditional findings helped to clarify underlying causes significantly related to specific priority groups of students by residence, major, use of services, etc "he university%s Human +esource .epartment conducted an assessment of health risks of faculty and staff >ne of the findings was that M8K said they were less productive at work as a result of stress Horty-four percent said they had gained weight in their current job and I2K said that work related stress contributed to their weight gain )'merican <sychological 'ssociation <ractice >rgani$ation, 2080* 'dditional findings clarified priority faculty/staff groups by faculty; administrative academic, administrative non-academic, and support staff Hour sets of evidence-based strategies for students and one for faculty and staff were developed Jased on human and fiscal resources available, only two of these strategies were implemented first "he underlying cause)s* of stress, priority audiences, accountable entities, and evidence-based strategies implemented include& Cause1s2 of Stress3 sleep, finances, depression, relationship difficulties Priority Au&ience3 students in residence halls Accountab e Entities3 resident hall advisors and faculty teaching freshmen courses Strategies 4mp emente&3 ' resource smart phone app similar to those would be developed for Healthy <eople 2020%s Neading Health =ndicator apps "he app covers physical, social, emotional, environmental spiritual intellectual, financial, and occupational wellness topics =t provides phone numbers, websites, office locations, and web links to consumer information" 'll first year/ transfer students would receive the

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Healthy Campus 2020 Setting Targets for Objectives Worksheet

app +esident advisors and professors teaching freshmen would be trained on how to use the app, the social determinants of health, and ecological model "heory- and evidence-based actions, policies, interventions, health communication, and social marketing presentations in halls would be additional strategies Cause1s2 of Stress3 &epression Priority Au&ience3 student patients/consumer Accountab e Entities3 0tudent Health and Counseling 0ervices )0HC0* Strategies 4mp emente&3 <olicies would include using new procedure manual guidelines for assessing depression, adding depression screening :uestions to patient intake forms, and streamlining collaboration between clinical and counseling staff "he university%s performance measure is to Ein three years reduce to I0 8K the proportion of all students who report academics were adversely affected by stress F )baseline& I2K, M 4K improvement* )'CH'-(CH', 0pring 2080* Jaselines and targets for the strategies implemented for the following priority audiences are& S eep% 5inances% -epression% #e ations$ip -ifficu ties3 Stu&ents in resi&ence $a s 1!6782 I?K to I8K 8O 2K improvement -epression3 Stu&ent patients9consumers of S)CS 1,6782 ILK to IIK 2 4K improvement Stress an& -epression3 Stu&ents in resi&ence $a s an& use S)CS 1!6782 I?K to I0K 89 4K improvement :on;priority stu&ent au&ience 1,6782 2? MK to 2?K 8 9K improvement D <roportion of entire student population (>"G& Higher percent improvement for priority audiences than overall population results from targeted interventions that are adapted to the campus social and physical environment with fidelity to evidence-based protocols, greater intensity of effort due to targeted interventions, and more financial and human resources directed to those audiences

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Samp e Organi<ation C$art

A&visory Committee on Campus )ea t$ Promotion an& -isease Prevention Strategies3 ' public advisory committee involved in planning Healthy Campus "he siA committee members are prominent campus and community eAperts in their fields, tapped to share their eApertise in areas related to health promotion and disease prevention, including health policy, state and local public health, business, outcomes research, health economics, health communication, special populations, biostatistics, international health, health behaviors, environmental health, health systems, and epidemiology "hese individuals serve in a variety of professional settings, including public, private, foundation, community-based, and academic organi$ations Campus Community Coa ition on )ea t$ an& *e ness3 7ey campus and local community stakeholders who develop and monitor a strategic plan "he intersectoral group applies a health-in-all-policies concept that includes students, faculty, and staff representing academic, housing, human resources, campus safety, and engineering departments, plus local business, city and county leaders Steering Committee3 ' committee with approAimately O0 student, faculty, and staff members =t is charged with the prioriti$ation and development of an action plan to address the leading health and wellness issues that affect academic performance and success 4nstitutiona #esearc$ an& P anning Office3 "he office collects, aggregates, statistically analy$es, and reports data to support short- and long-range planning, budget and enrollment management, program review, and assessment "he office provides services to enable campus users to conduct their own data collection and statistical analysis and serves as the operational lead for the university in fiscal management, space management, and information technology support Priority Action +roups3 ,roups of 9P82 members )often 0teering Committee members* charged with assessing, planning, implementing and tracking interventions for a single issue

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#eferences3

'merican <sychological 'ssociation <ractice >rgani$ation )2080* $sychologically healthy *orkplace program fact sheet' +y the numbers +etrieved from http&//www phwa org/dl/2080phwp-fact-sheet pdf 'ccessed on Qune 2M, 2082 1 0 .epartment of Health and Human 0ervices )2004a* Tenth meeting' "arch 2,) 200-' Secretary.s #/visory Committee on 0ational Health $romotion an/ 1isease $revention Objectives for 20202 +etrieved from http&//healthypeople gov/2020/about/advisory/H'C'80!inutes aspACpageRI 1 0 .epartment of Health and Human 0ervices )2004b* 3ifteenth meeting' September 45%46) 200-' Secretary.s #/visory Committee on 0ational Health $romotion an/ 1isease $revention Objectives for 2020 +etrieved from $ttp399$ea t$ypeop e"gov926269about9a&visory95ACA!.Minutes"aspx 1 0 .epartment of Health and Human 0ervices )n d * Healthy $eople 2020' &mplementing Healthy $eople 2020 "#$%&T' # gui/e to using Healthy $eople 2020 in your community +etrieved from $ttp399$ea t$ypeop e"gov926269imp ementing9&efau t"aspx 'ccessed on Qune 2M, 2082 1 0 .epartment of Health and Human 0ervices Centers for .isease Control and <revention )n d * 7ate*ay to health communication 8 social marketing practice +etrieved from http&//www cdc gov/healthcommunication 'ccessed on Qune 2M, 2082 1 0 .epartment of Health and Human 0ervices >ffice of .isease <revention and Health <romotion )844?* Winter 4--5 prevention report' &mproving the nation9s health *ith performance measurement +etrieved from $ttp399o&p$p"osop$s"&$$s"gov9pubs9prevrpt9arc$ives9>=(infoc")TM 5eney, Qames , ' 7alu$ny :valuation 8 1ecision "aking for Health Services Health 'dministration <ress, Chicago 8449 p I?4-L0M

A&apte& from materia in t$e pub ic &omain3 1 0 .epartment of Health and Human 0ervices, >ffice of .isease <revention and Health <romotion )n d * Healthy <eople 2020 <rogram <lanning "ools +etrieved Qune 2082, from http&//www healthypeople gov Origina source3 <ublic Health Houndation, under contract with the >ffice of .isease <revention and Health <romotion, >ffice of <ublic Health and 0cience, 1 0 .epartment of Health and Human 0ervices 2 )2002, Hebruary* Healthy $eople 2040 Toolkit' # 3iel/ 7ui/e to Health $lanning )pp 4I-49* /ashington, .C& <ublic Health Houndation

8IO2 !ellon +oad, 0uite 890 Hanover, !. 280?O )L80* 9M4-8M00 healthycampus2020Sacha org www acha org/healthycampus Qune 2082

'merican College Health 'ssociation @ www acha org/healthycampus