1) - What is Corrosion? The degradation of metal by chemical or electro-chemical mean. 2) - What is an Electrolyte?

? Electrolyte is substance that conduct the current and breaking down by it (dissociates into ions). 3) - Were Electrolyte come from? As water present in the atmosphere, so electrolyte come from atmosphere. 4) - In a corrosion triangle, anode, cathode and electrolyte, which one will corrode? Why? Anode because the reactions are taken place at anode and format iron hydroxide (rust) 5) - What is a Mill scale? And where its come from? Mill scale is layer form over the steel substrate and it is cathodic to steel. It forms during rolling operation of steel and oxides of iron formed when the temperature exceed at 580-c. The iron oxides are o FeO Wustite o Fe2O3 haematite o Fe3O4 magnetite Mill scale is formed when these oxides are compressed and blue mill scale is produces at thickness from 25 microns to 100 microns.

6) - During corrosion reaction, what is a gas evolved at cathodes? Hydrogen involve at cathodes.

7) - Please explain on what you know about Anodes, Cathode and Electrolyte? Anodes: anodes are positively charged areas where it become positive charge particle by loosing electrons Cathode: cathode are negatively charged areas where there are more electrons then it needed in passive state. At cathode these electrons are enters and pass back to the anode through the electrolyte Electrolyte: it is will conduct the currents and breaking down by it. 8) - Why the Degree of cleanliness very important to our coating life? Because it will give more adhesion and roughness to substrate for longer paint life. 9) - Prior to Blasting activities, what is a material used for removal oil and grease on the substrate? Xylene solvent is used to remove the oil and grease from the substrate. 10) - Name an abrasives used on open yard, and explain why? 11) - What is an Expendable abrasives means? List down an Expendable abrasives? Those abrasives that are used only once, i-e: non-metallic (minerals)and non- recyclable Copper slag, nickel slag, glass breed, aquamarine, sand and garnet 12) - What is a Recyclable abrasives means, and why must recycle? The abrasive that can be used again and because are the useful for next recycle and commonly are metallic shot & grit and garnet (max. 3 times can be used). 13) - What will happen to the abrasives during impinge upon blasting?

 The abrasive will lose their sharp edges and impinge the substrate. 14) - List down the names of equipment used to measure blasting profile or surface profile? Surface profile Needle Gauge Dial Micro-meter and Replica Tape 15) - Please explains; a) SA 1 b) SA 2 c) SA 2 and d) SA 3? SA1 : Light Blast Cleaning : poorly adhering mill scale SA2: Thorough Light Blast Cleaning: most of the mill scale SA2 1/2: Very thorough light blast cleaning : free from mill scale and other matters. Any remaining traces of contamination shall be slightly stains in the form of spots and strips. SA3: light blast to visually clean steel: will give metallic color. 16) - What is the optimum pressure at nozzle during blasting, and names of equipment used to measure? The optimum pressure at nozzle is 100psi and the device used to measure is hypothermic needle gauge. 17) - Please explain; a) ST 2 b) ST 3? And what is the different on each surface appearance? ST2: thorough hand and power tool cleaning : poorly adhering mill scale equals to SA1 of blasting grades. ST3: very thorough hand and power tool cleaning: metallic sheen color from the substrate. 18) - What is the test name to detect the presence of Soluble Salt and Soluble Chlorides? Potassium Ferricyanate (potassium Hexa-Cyanate) : soluble salts

 Silver Nitrate test: soluble chlorides 19)- Why there is no photo of Degree Cleanliness of SA 1 and SA 2 for Rust Grade A in SS 055900 ISO 8501 BS7079ptA? Because the presence of mill scale rust grade A is harder than the blasting grade SA1 & SA2. 20) - In a Footner Duplex System, what is a suitable pH value use? The pH value is 4.5 to 7.