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FUNDAMENTAL CHEMISTRY
(TKU 1033)
EXPERIMENT 2: DILUTION
TITLE:
Dilution.
OBJECTIVE:
CONCEPTS:
INTRODUCTION:
Stock solution is the solution with known concentration. When the solution was
diluted, only the concentrations will change while the mole number is remain the same. Based
on this principle, the concentration of dilute solution can be determined by using followed
equation:
M1V1=M2V2
MATERIALS:
a) 0.10 M FeCl3 solution
b) 0.10 M KCNS solution
c) FeCl3 solution (B)
PROCEDURES:
1. The following solution were calculated and prepared from standard solution of 0.10 M
FeCl3 based on a given equation.
2. Each 5 mL of prepared solution was transferred into test tube and 1 drop of KCNS
(potassium thiocyanante) was added to each test tube. It was shook until homogen and
for any colour changes was waiting.
3. 5 mL of B solution was transferred into another test tube and 2 drops of KCNS
solution was added. It was shook and colour of solution was compared with the series
of solution that have prepared previously (2). The concentration of B solution was
suggested.
RESULTS:
solution Volume of FeCl3 Color after add
(mL) KCNS
a) 50ml FeCl3 solution (5.0x10-2M) 25.0 Magenta
b) 50ml FeCl3 solution (1.0x10-2M) 5.00 Dark brown
c) 50ml FeCl3 solution (5.0x10-3M) 2.50 Brown
d) 50ml FeCl3 solution (1.0x10-3M) 0.50 Light brown
e) 50ml FeCl3 solution (5.0x10-4M) 0.25 Light peach
CALCULATION:
We calculate the following solution by using formula M1V1 = M2V2.
M1V1 = M2V2
(0.10 M) V1 = (5.0 × 10‾² M) (50.0 ml)
V1 = 25.0 ml
M1V1 = M2V2
(0.10 M) V1 = (1.0 × 10‾² M) (50.0 ml)
V1 = 5.0 ml
M1V1 = M2V2
(0.10 M) V1 = (5.0 × 10‾³ M) (50.0 ml)
V1 = 2.5 ml
M1V1 = M2V2
(0.10M) V1 = (1.0 × 10‾³ M) (50.0 ml)
V1 = 0.05 ml
M1V1 = M2V2
(0.10 M) V1 = (5.0 × 10‾4 M) (50.0 ml)
V1 = 0.25 mL
DISCUSSION:
In chemistry, molar concentration also called molarity. Molarity is a measure of the
concentration of a solute in a solution. The equation of the molarity is
a b c d e
In this experiment, before during the dilution process, the volume of the FeCl3 is
calculated using the formula M1V1=M2V2. For M1 is concentration of concentrated solution and
V1 is the volume of the solution.M2 is the concentration of dilute solution and V2 is volume of
dilute solution.
B
a b c d )
e
Before drop KCNS
B
a b c d e )
After drop KCNS
After the volume of the dilute solution already calculate, the dilution process. In this
experiment five dilute solution is prepared. We can determine the concentration of the
solution according to the colour concentration of the solution after added the KCNS solution
as the indicator. After the KCNs id droped into the all dilute solution the colour of dilute
solution is change.
From the observation, the dilution solution (a) change to magenta colour. Dilute
solution of (b) Change to dark brown, the dilution solution (c) change to brown, while dilute
solution of (d) change to light brown and the dilution solution of (e) change to light peach.
The darkest colour of solution it determine as higher concentration.
This experiment, we compared the B solution that have been prepared with the five
solution, We compared based on the colour of the solution B that have been prepared with the
all five solution. From the observation, we can see that the colour solution of B same the
colour solution of dilute solution that we have prepared. So, we decided that the concentration
of B solution is same. So based on the result we know that, the concentration of B solution is
5.0x10-3M.
The precaution during doing this experiment is we must clean the all apparatus by
distilled water before use Beside that, we must measure the volume the solution with properly
and use the right apparatus.
CONCLUSION
From this experiment we can know about the molarity, normality and mole concept.
We also learn dilution process and use the equation.
REFERENCES:
Brown, Lemay, Bursten, Murphy,Chemistry the central science, eleven edition.
Kotz, Treichel, townsend, Chemistry and Chemical reactivity seventh edition.