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JonathanFine Mrs.L.Saxon English9AB 29May2008 SympathyfortheDevil Humanimaginationdoesnotstopatthegatesoftheafterlife.Inferno,anepicpoembyDante Alighieri,isapersonaljourneythroughthetorturousworldofHell.Hecreatesamorallylostversion ofhimselfastheprotagonistofthepoem.HeresurrectsthespiritofVirgil,aRomanpoetwho Alighierihighlyrespectsandistheinspirationformanyofhisideas.Virgilistheonewhoshows Dante(thetraveler)thepassagethroughHell,atthesametimerepresentinghumanreasonand thoughtthroughoutthepoem.Alighieriusescharacterizationandconflicttoimposethetheme,pity isauselessemotionthatwillnotfixanyproblems. Dantesprogressivecharacterchangesenlightenthereadersunderstandingofthetheme.Inthe thirdlayerofhell(lust),Dantemeetsthesoulsoftwoloverswhohavecommittedadultery.Dante revealshisinneremotionswhenhewrites:PityprevailedandIwasnighbewildered.

/AndIbegan 'Opoet[Virgil],willingly/speakwouldItothosetwo,whotogether,/Andseamuponthewindtobe solight(cantoV).ClearlyatthebeginningofthepoemDanteexperiencespity,howeverbytheend ofthepoem,hedoesnot.Inlayer9(treachery)Dantewishestospeaktoashade(spiritofHell) anddoesnotcarewhathehastodotogetwhathewants.Alighieridescribesthescene,Istuck myfoothardintothefaceofone./weepinghegrowledwhydoestthoutrampleme?'(cantoXXXII). AtthispointDanteclearlydoesnotcareabouttheshades.Dantespityisclearlygonebecausehe showsnomercytowardsthem.VirgilhastaughtDantetonothavepitytowardthosewhoareevil.At theendofpoem,Dantescharacterlearnshownottoshowpity.DanteandVirgilareonaboatto

travelacrosstheRiverStyx.DanteandVirgilarehavingaconversionafterseeingoneofDantes politicalenemies.DantesaystoVirgil:MyMaster,muchshouldIbepleased,/IfIcouldseehim sousedintohisbroth,/Beforeweissueforthoutofthelake.'/Andhetome:Ereuntotheethe shore/Revealitself,thoushaltbesatisfied/Suchadesiretismeetthoushouldestenjoy(cantoVIII). Dantehasjustwishedmorepunishmentonthedamnedsoulofapoliticalenemy,andVirgilpraises him.Throughoutthepoem,multipleoccurrencesofthesceneoccurs.ThischaracterizesVirgilas onewhowantsDantetolearnnottopitysinners.ThisishowAlighieriusesthecharactersofDante andVirgiltosupporthistheme. AlighieriusesbasicconflictsbetweenDanteandthesinnersinHelltoconveythetheme.Inthe secondcircleoftheseventhlayer(suicides),DanteandVirgilareinanevilwood.Virgilwillnottell Danteaboutthesoulsinthisforest,butinsteadtellsDantetopluckatwigfromatree.Afterpicking thetwigthetreesays:Whydostthourendme/Hastthounospiritofpitywhatsoever?/Menoncewe were,andnowarechangedtotrees; /Indeed,thyhandshouldbemorepitiful(cantoXIII).Virgil knewthetreewashumanandtoldDantetohurtitbecausehewantedDantetolearnalessen throughhisownexperience.VirgiliscreatingconflictbetweenDanteandthedamnedsoulsothat Dantewillpitythemless,thusenforcingthetruemeaningoftheInferno.Intheeighthcircleofthe eighthlayer(falsifiers),Dantewatchestwosinnersargueoverwhoistheworsesinner.Virgil reprimandshimwith:Lessshamedothwashawayagreaterfault,...thanthisofthinehas been/Thereforethyselfdisburdenofallsadness,(cantoXXX).VirgilistryingtorevealwhyDante cannotpitythesinner.Thereasonisthatnomatterhowmuchpityyouhave,itwillneversaveasoul frometernaldamnation.ThisisAlighieriusesconflicttosupporthistheme. TheInfernocontainsamultitudeofthemes,andIchosethebestonefortodayssociety. Alighieri'stheme,pityisauselessemotionthatwillnotfixanyproblems,issupportedbyAlighieri's

masteryovercharacterizationandconflict.Thethemeisnotusedintodayssociety,becausepity willnotchangethemindofevildoers.Pitywillnorcurecancerorfixtheeconomy.Itisawasted emotion.IlookforwardtoreadingPurgatoryandParadisetoseeifAlighieriwillrevealaresolution tothisproblem.

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