USCTI

1300 Sumner Ave, Cleveland, Ohio, 44115-2851
Phone 216-241-7333
FAX: 216-241-0105
Internet: www.taol.com/uscti
E-mail: uscti@taol.com

2000 USCTI. All rights reserved.
Printed in U.S.A.

1

Preface

Tap manufacturers, recognizing the importance of standardizing thread cutting
tools, have adopted and published standards to benefit the user of these tools.

This publication is based on some of the most frequently used standards for
ground thread taps, developed by the Tap and Die Division of the United States
Cutting Tool Institute. Many of these are also published in the American National
Standard; Taps-Cut and Ground Thread, ANSI B94.9. Various tap styles,
nomenclature, identification, dimensions and tolerance tables for ground thread
taps are given herein.

Many variables affect the size of a product thread produced by a tap. The size
may depend on operating conditions, equipment, material, conditions and size of
the hole before tapping, speed, alignment, tapping fluid, etc. Therefore, tap
manufacturers cannot guarantee the size of product threads produced by a tap.
The tap limits shown in this publication are a recommended starting point only.

Thread limits shown in the tables represent the measured size of the tap. If
standard tap limits shown are not satisfactory for a particular application, efforts
should be made to analyze and correct the operating condition causing the
problem. As a last resort users may specify limits suitable for their operating
conditions.

Product thread specifications and limits for standard and special sizes and
pitches may be found in the governing standards listed in Table 301B.


2
ILLUSTRATIONS OF TERMS

90


OVERALL LENGTH
OVERALL LENGTH
CHAMFER
LENGTH
BLANK DESIGN 3
DIAMETER
INTERNAL CENTERS
BOTH ENDS
CHAMFER
ANGLE
(d
3
)
POINT
(l
5
)
BLANK DESIGN 2
(WITHOUT OPTIONAL NECK)
(WITH OPTIONAL NECK)
THREAD LENGTH
(l)
(l)
THREAD LENGTH
NECK
DIAMETER
SIZE OF
SQUARE
ACROSS
FLATS
(d
1
)
THREAD LEAD ANGLE
DRIVING
SQUARE
LENGT
H
(l
2
)
SHANK
DIAMETER
(a)
SHANK LENGTH
(L)
(l
4
)
SHANK LENGTH
(l
4
)
(L)
(d
2
)
DRIVING
SQUARE
LENGTH
(l
2
)
OVERALL LENGTH
OVERALL LENGTH
BLANK DESIGN 1
BLANK DESIGN 2
EXTERNAL CENTERS
(l)
THREAD LENGTH
CORE
DIAMETER
(l)
THREAD
LENGTH
LAND
WIDTH
NECK
LENGTH
(l
1
)
(L)
SHANK LENGTH
(l
4
)
FLUTE
(L)
(l2)
TRUNCATED
CENTER
OPTIONAL
DRIVING
SQUARE
LENGTH
(l
2
)
LENGTH
DRIVING
SQUARE

3

NEGATIVE
RAKE
RADIAL
RAKE
POSITIVE
RAKE
ILLUSTRATIONS OF TERMS APPLYING TO TAPS
TAP MAJOR DIA.
NEGATIVE
HOOK
BASIC MINOR DIA.
O
0
HOOK
POSITIVE
HOOK
CUTTING
FACE
CONCENTRIC
ECCENTRIC
RELIEF
CON-ECCENTRIC
RELIEF
NO RELIEF
HEEL
CUTTING EDGE
RELIEVED TO
CUTTING EDGE
ECCENTRIC
RELIEF
CONCENTRIC
MARGIN
MAJOR
MAX TAP
MAJOR
DIA.
BASE OF THREAD
PITCH DIA.
(d)
BASIC
MAJOR
DIA.
MIN TAP
DIA.
BASIC
ANGLE OF THREAD
BASIC ROOT
PITCH
MINOR DIA.
FLANK
BASIC
BASIC
HEIGHT OF
THREAD
TAP CREST
BASIC CREST

4
Table of Contents
Ref. USCTI
Page Table No.
Preface............................................................................................................... 1

Screw Thread Specifications
Unified Inch Screw Threads............................................................................ 5
Unified Inch Screw Threads--UNJ Profile ....................................................... 7
Metric Screw Threads--M Profile .................................................................... 8
Metric Screw Threads--MJ Profile................................................................... 9
The "Basic" Point In Thread Measurement ..................................................... 10
Constants for Calculating Screw Thread Pitch Diameter ................................ 11
American National Standard and Dryseal American National Standard
Taper Pipe Threads........................................................................................ 67 357

Tap Thread Specifications
Illustration of Terms Applying to Taps............................................................. 2
Standard System of Tap Thread Limits and Identification............................... 12 301A
Standard System of Marking .......................................................................... 14 301B
Tap Thread Limits, Machine Screw Sizes....................................................... 34 329
Tap Thread Limits, Fractional Sizes ............................................................... 35 327, 327A
Tap Thread Limits, Metric Sizes ..................................................................... 37 337
Tap Thread Limits, Formulae for Unified Inch Screw Threads........................ 39 331
Tap Thread Limits, Formulae for Metric Screw Threads ................................. 40 341
Tap Thread Limits, Straight Pipe Taps--NPS.................................................. 63 335
Tap Thread Limits, Straight Pipe Taps--NPSF................................................ 64 335A
Tap Thread Limits, Taper Pipe Tap................................................................ 65 338
Tap Thread Limits for Helical Coil Wire Screw Thread Inserts (STI)............... 57 323
Tap Thread Limits for Helical Coil Wire Screw Thread Inserts (STI)--Metric... 59 323A

Tap Recommendations for Screw Threads
Tap Recommendations for Classes 2B & 3B Unified Inch Screw Threads ..... 41
Tap Recommendations for Class 6H Metric Screw Threads........................... 42
Minor Diameter of Tapped Holes.................................................................... 43
Formulae for Tap Drill Sizes ........................................................................... 44
Tap Drill Sizes for Unified Inch Screw Threads............................................... 45
Tap Drill Sizes for Metric M-Profile Screw Threads......................................... 46
Tap Drill Sizes for Taper Pipe Taps................................................................ 65

Tap Physical Dimensions
Nomenclature of Tap Elements and other Terms Related to Screw Threads . 16-33
Standard Tap Dimensions .............................................................................. 47 302
Optional Neck and Optional Shortened Thread Length .................................. 49 302A
Special Fine Pitch Taps, Short Series............................................................. 50 303
Special Extension Taps .................................................................................. 51 303A
Pulley Tap Dimensions................................................................................... 52 310
Standard Pipe Tap Dimensions ...................................................................... 62 311
Eccentricity Tolerances for Tap Elements....................................................... 61 317
Bent Shank Taper Taps, Sectional Solder Type for MAS-14 & MAS-20 ......... 71 321
Bent Shank Taper Taps, Sectional Solder Type for MAS-14 & MAS-20Metric 72 321A
Standard Chamfers for Thread Cutting Taps.................................................. 73 359
Standard Entry Taper Lengths for Threading Forming Taps........................... 73 359A
Tap Thread Limits for Helical Coil Wire Screw Thread Inserts (STI)............... 53 322
Tap Thread Limits for Helical Coil Wire Screw Thread Inserts (STI)--Metric... 55 322A


5
Unified Inch Screw Threads
Unified Inch Screw Thread Standard (ANSI B 1.1) is an integrated system of threads for
fastening purposes in mechanisms and structures. Its outstanding characteristic is general
interchangeability of threads achieved through the standardization of thread form, diameter-
pitch combination, and limits of size. The Unified Standard originated in an Accord signed at
Washington D.C., by representatives of Standardizing Bodies of Canada, the United Kingdom
and the United States on November 18, 1948. Unified Standard threads supersede American
National standard threads.

INTERCHANGEABILITY. Unified and the superseded American National threads have
substantially the same thread form and are mechanically interchangeable. The principal
differences relate to application of allowances, variation of tolerances with size, differences in
amounts of pitch diameter tolerances for external and internal threads and differences in thread
designations.

DESIGNATIONS. Unified thread sizes (specific combinations of diameter and pitch) are
identified by the letters "UN" in the thread symbol. In the Unified standards, pitch diameter
tolerances for external threads differ from those for internal threads. The letter "A" used in the
thread symbol denotes an external thread and the letter "B" an internal thread. Where the
letters "U", "A" or "B" do not appear in thread designations, threads conform to the superseded
American National Standard threads.

Limits and tolerances for Unified screws (external threads) are designated by the letter "A"
resulting in Class IA, Class 2A and Class 3A screws while the nut (internal threads) limits and
tolerances are designated by "B" resu1ting in Class 1B, Class 2B, and Class 3B.

TOLERANCES. In the Unified series the pitch diameter tolerance of the tapped hole is always
1.3 times the tolerance of the screw for the corresponding class. In the American National
Standard, pitch diameter tolerances on both nut and screw were equal: the nut above and
screw below basic.

SCREW THREAD CLASSES. Thread classes are distinguished from each other by the
amount of tolerance and allowance.

Class 1A and Class 1B. The combination of Class 1A for external threads and Class 1B for
internal threads is intended to cover the manufacture of threaded parts where quick and easy
assembly is necessary or desired and an allowance is provided to permit ready assembly.

internal threads designed for screws, bolts and nuts, is also suitable for a variety of other
applications. A similar allowance is provided which minimizes galling and seizure encountered
in assembly and use. It also accommodates, to a limited extent, plating, finishes or coatings.

internal threads is provided for those applications where closeness of fit and accuracy of lead
and angle of thread are important. These threads are obtained consistently only by use of
high quality production equipment supported by a very efficient system of gauging and
inspection. No allowance is provided.


6

Class 5 Interference Fit. In addition to the three thread classes listed above
there is a fourth class, which is not included in the Unified Series. The Class 5
Interference Fit is defined in ASME/ANSI B1.12, which provides for interference
fits in the National Coarse series only, in sizes from through 1 inclusive.

Interference fit threads are designed and produced with a negative allowance
(interference). During assembly they deform elastically, plastically or both,
thereby developing a holding torque. They are not designed for applications
where periodic disassembly for maintenance or other purposes is required.

The Class 5 standard is designed to 1) prevent loosening of the externally
threaded member in service and 2) prevent galling, seizing or torsional failures
during assembly.

Class 5 internal threads conform essentially to the limits of UN Class 3B threads
with the following exceptions:

1. Major diameter limits are equivalent to those for ground thread taps as
defined by USCTI.

2. Minor diameters are increased in specific cases to minimize galling,
seizing and/or high or erratic driving torque during assembly.

To ensure uniform torque during assembly and adequate holding torque during
service, Class 5 threads may be subject to stricter acceptance criteria than the
Unified thread classes. To the extent that they can produce threads meeting
these criteria, ground thread taps designed for 3B applications may be used in
Class 5 applications.


7
Inch Screw Threads - UNJ Profile
Controlled Root Radius With Increased Minor Diameter

The UNJ thread standard (ASME B1.15) defines a system of threads for highly stressed applications
requiring high fatigue strength. It was derived from a military specification (MIL-S-8879) originally
published in December 1965. MIL-S-8879 was primarily thought of and used for aerospace fastener
and threaded component applications. Due to the increase in both its use and types of applications,
the American Society of Mechanical Engineers developed and published ASME B1.15 in 1995.
Form. UNJ screw threads are of the same form as Unified Screw Threads to ASME/ANSI B1.1
except:
External threads: the root has a maximum and minimum prescribed continuous radius, and is
not merely rounded due to tool wear.
Internal threads: the minor diameter is increased to accommodate the maximum root radius of
the external thread. There is no radius requirement for either the crest or the root of the
internal thread.

Designation. UNJ product threads are identified by the letter J in the thread symbol, and a thread
class symbol including an A for external threads or a B for internal threads.
Use of Unified Tooling. Many of the UNJ thread form characteristics are the same as for UN
threads. Therefore, some of the tooling used to produce one form can be used to produce the other.
External UNJ threads must be produced with a prescribed root radius; therefore, standard
Unified Screw Thread (UN) tooling may not be used.
Internal UNJ threads are not required to have a root radius; therefore, ground-thread taps
designed to produce Unified Screw Threads of the proper class of fit may be used. The letter
J need not be marked on the tap. The larger product minor diameter of the UNJ internal
thread requires the use of a larger tap drill than is used when producing Unified Screw
Threads.


8
Metric Screw Threads-M Profile

Metric Screw Threads-M Profile Screw Thread Standard (ANSI B 1. 13M) is a system of metric
screw threads for fastening purposes in mechanisms and structures. It is in basic agreement with
ISO screw thread standards. ANSI B 1.13M was approved as an American National Standard on
February 12, 1979.

Similar threads are shown in ANSI B1.18M except that these threads are specified with Boundary
Profile tolerances instead of Pitch Diameter sizes as shown in ANSI B 1. 13M. The Boundary
Profile tolerances are derived from Class 6H fits for the internal threads and would use the same
tap "D" limits as shown here for Class 6H threads to ANSI B 1. 13M.

INTERCHANGEABILITY. Metric Screw-Threads M Profile have the same thread form and are
mechanically interchangeable with 60
0
ISO metric screw threads.

DESIGNATIONS. Metric Screw Threads-M Profile are designated by the letter "M" followed by the
nominal size in millimeters, and the pitch in millimeters, separated by the sign "X".

TOLERANCE GRADE. The tolerance grade number is used to designate the amount of product
tolerance.

The system provides for a series of tolerance grades for each of the four screw thread
parameters; a. Minor diameter of internal thread (grades 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8), b. Major diameter of
external threads (grades 4, 6. and 8), c. Pitch diameter of internal threads (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8),
and d. Pitch diameter of external threads (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9). The underlined tolerance grades
are preferred and used for normal lengths of engagement.

TOLERANCE POSITION. Letters are used to designate the position of the product tolerance
relative to basic diameters. An upper case letter is used for internal threads, and a lower case
letter for external threads. Internal threads can have positions G or H and external threads e, g, or
h. The underlined letters are preferred. Tolerance Classes 6H/6g are intended for metric
applications where inch classes 2A/2B have been used. See ANSI B1.13M for complete details.

EXAMPLES:
M12 x 1.25-6H (Class 6 internal threads-tolerance position H-no allowance)

M4 x 0.7-6g (Class 6 external threads-tolerance position g-small allowance)


9
Metric Screw Threads - MJ Profile
Controlled Root Radius With
Increased Minor Diameter

Metric Screw Threads - MJ Profile Screw Thread Standard (ANSI B1.21M) defines a system of
threads for highly stressed applications requiring high fatigue strength. The original basis for ANSI
B1.21M was a standard (AS1370) developed under the direction of SAE Aerospace Standards
Committee, SAE E21/E25. Upon publication of AS1370 in May 1976, SAE submitted it to ANSI for
approval as an American National Standard. It was approved and formally designated ANSI B1.21M
on November 21, 1978.

Form. MJ screw threads have the same form as the M profile screw thread (ASME/ANSI B1.13M)
except:

External threads: the root has a maximum and minimum prescribed continuous
radius, and is not merely rounded due to tool wear.

Internal threads: the minor diameter is increased to accommodate the maximum
root radius of the external thread. There is no radius requirement for either
the crest or the root of the internal thread.

Designation. Metric Screw Threads - MJ Profile are designated by the letters MJ followed by the
nominal size in millimeters and the pitch in millimeters, separated by the symbol X.
Tolerance Grade & Position. External MJ threads are produced to 4h6h for all sizes after
processing (including coating), and 4g6g for 2mm pitch and smaller coated threads before
processing. Internal MJ threads are produced to the following tolerance grades and positions:
After Coating, or No Coating
4H6H for sizes 1mm thru 5mm
4H5H for sizes 6mm and larger
Before Coating, 2mm pitch and smaller
4G6G for sizes 1mm thru 5mm
4G5G for sizes 6mm and larger

Use of M Profile Tooling. Many of the MJ thread form characteristics are the same as for M Profile
threads. Therefore, some of the tooling used to produce one form can be used to produce the other.
External MJ threads must be produced with a prescribed root radius; therefore standard M
Profile tooling may not be used.

Internal MJ threads are not required to have root radius; therefore ground-thread taps
designed to produce M profile Screw Threads of the proper class of fit may be used. The letter
J need not be marked on the tap. The larger product minor diameter of the MJ internal
thread requires the use of a larger tap drill than is used when producing M Profile threads.


10
The "Basic" Point in Thread Measurement

All measurements must have a controlling point or base from which to start. In case of a screw thread,
this control point is called the BASIC size. The basic size is that size from which the design size and
the limits of size are derived by the application of allowances and tolerances. Thus, on a given screw
thread, we start with the Basic Major Diameter, the Basic Pitch Diameter, and Basic Minor Diameter.

While it is impossible in practice to form screw threads to their precise theoretical or BASIC sizes, it is
possible and practical to establish limits which the deviation must not exceed. These are called the
Maximum and Minimum Limits. If the product is no smaller than the Minimum Limit and no longer
than the Maximum Limit then it is within the size limits required. This difference between the
Maximum and Minimum Limits is the Tolerance.

In actual practice the Basic size is not necessarily between the Maximum and Minimum Limits. In most
cases, the Basic Size is one of the Limits. In general, tolerances for internal threads will be above
Basic and for external threads, below Basic.

See example below.

For graphic representation, the Basic Pitch Diameter is commonly designated by a line with variations
from it indicated by shorter lines spaced to represent a numerical scale, shown on the left half of the
sketch below.
On an actual screw thread, the Basic Dimensions would follow the contour of the theoretically perfect
thread, as on the right.

The design size is the result of applying any allowances from the basic size that may be specified for a
given class of fit. If there is no allowance, the design size is the same as the basic size. An allowance
(fundamental deviation) is the prescribed difference between the basic size and the design (maximum
material) size of a thread. Tolerance is the difference between the maximum and minimum limits and
is the total amount by which a specific dimension is allowed to vary. Tolerance for threads is applied to
the design size in the direction of minimum material.

MAX.MAJOR DIA.NUT
BASIC MAJOR DIA.NUT
MAX.SCREW
& MIN.NUT
MIN.MAJOR
DIA.SCREW
MIN.P.D.SCREW
BASIC P.D.
MAX.SCREW &
MIN. NUT P.D.
BASIC MINOR DIA. &
MAX.MINOR DIA. SCREW MIN.MINOR
DIA. SCREW
MIN.MINOR
DIA. NUT
MAX.MINOR
DIA. NUT
MAX NUT P.D.
INTERNAL THREAD
NUT
Class 3B
EXTERNAL THREAD
SCREW
Class 3A
.2210 MAXIMUM LIMIT .2211
.2205
.2200
.2195
.2190
.2185
.2180 MINIMUM LIMIT IS BASIC
.2170 MAXIMUM LIMIT IS BASIC
.2165
.2160
.2155
.2150
.2145 MINIMUM LIMIT .2147
T
O
L
E
R
A
N
C
E
T
O
L
E
R
A
N
C
E
-20 UNC
UNIFIED
BASIC PITCH .2175
DIAMETER

11
Constants for Calculating Screw Thread Pitch Diameter

Basic Pitch Diameter equals Basic Major Diameter minus Basic Thread Height

P Basic Thread P Basic Thread
Threads Pitch Height (inches) Threads Pitch Height (inches)
per inch (inches) .64951905P per inch (inches) .64951905P
4 .25000000 .162380 18 .05555556 .036084
4 .22222222 .144338 20 .05000000 .032476
5 .20000000 .129904 24 .04166667 .027063

6 .16666667 .108253 27 .04166667 .027063
7 .14285714 .092788 28 .03571429 .023197
8 .12500000 .081190 32 .03125000 .020297

9 .11111111 .072169 36 .02777778 .018042
10 .10000000 .064952 40 .02500000 .016238
11 .09090909 .059047 44 .02272727 .014762

11 .08695652 .056480 48 .02083333 .013532
12 .08333333 .054127 56 .01785714 .011599
13 .07692308 .049963 64 .01562500 .010149

14 .07142857 .046394 72 .01388889 .009021
16 .06250000 .040595 80 .01250000 .008119

Metric Screw Threads

P Basic Thread P Basic Thread
Pitch Height (mm) Pitch Height (mm)
(mm) .64951905P (mm) .64951905P
0.25 .162380 1.50 .974279
0.30 .194856 1.75 1.136658
0.35 .227332 2.00 1.299038

0.40 .259808 2.50 1.623798
0.45 .292284 3.00 1.948557
0.50 .324760 3.50 2.273317

0.60 .389711 4.00 2.598076
0.70 .454663 4.50 2.922836
0.75 .487139 5.00 3.247595

0.80 .519615 5.50 3.572355
1.00 .649519 6.00 3.897114
1.25 .811899

Note: Metric dimensions are calculated in millimeters and
converted to inches only as a final operation.


12

Standard System of Tap Thread Limits and Identification
(Ref. USCTI Table 301A)

1. Unified Inch Screw Threads
Ground thread taps specified in the inch system are
marked with the nominal size, number of threads per
inch, the proper symbol to identify the thread form,
"HS" for high speed, "G" for ground thread and a
designator for tap pitch diameter. The thread symbol
designations are specified in the American National
Standard on Nomenclature, Definitions and Letter
Symbols for Screw Threads: ANSI B1.7.

a. H or L Limits
When the maximum tap pitch diameter limit is over
basic pitch diameter by an even multiple of .0005 or
the minimum tap pitch diameter limit is under basic
pitch diameter by an even multiple of .0005, the taps
are marked with the letters H or L respectively,
followed by a limit number. The limit numbers are
determined as follows:
Amount max. tap PD limit
H limit number = is over basic PD
.0005
Amount min. tap PD limit
L limit number = is under basic PD
.0005

For tap PD tolerances, see Table 331, Column D.
For standard taps, PD limits for various H limit
numbers are shown in Tables 327 & 329.

When Unified Inch Screw Thread taps are ordered
without a pitch diameter or an H or L limit number,
the tap pitch diameter is normally determined from
Table 331, and is marked with the appropriate H limit
number.

Examples of tap making with H or L limit numbers:

3/8-16 NC HS G H1
Max. tap PD = Basic PD + .0005
Min. tap PD = Max. tap PD -.0005

1 1/4-7 NC HS G H4
Min. tap PD = Max. tap PD -.0010

2-16 NEF HS G H8
Min. tap PD = Max. tap PD - .0015

3/8 - 16 NC HS G L2
Min. tap PD = Basic PD -.0010
Max. tap PD = Min. tap PD +.0005
b. Oversize or Undersize
When Unified Inch Screw Thread taps are ordered
with the pitch diameter buildup or reduction specified
as a single value, that amount is added to basic PD
in the former case, or subtracted from basic PD in the
latter, to determine the MINIMUM tap PD in both
cases. The PD tolerance from Table 331, Column D,
is then added to the minimum tap PD to establish the
maximum tap PD.

Example:
Tap ordered as 7/16 -14 NC +.0017 HS G
Min. tap PD = Basic PD +.0017
Max. tap PD = Min tap PD +.0005

c. Special Tap Pitch Diameter
Taps not made to H or L limit number, nor to Table
331, nor to the formula for oversize or undersize taps,
may be marked with the letter S enclosed by a circle
or some other special identifier.

Example: 3/8 -16 NC HS G (S)

d. Left Hand Taps
Taps with left hand threads are marked "LEFT
HAND" or "LH".

Example:
3/8 - 16 NC LH HS G H3

e. Multi-Start Threads
Taps with multiple start threads are marked with the
lead designated as a fraction and also with a text
descriptor per the following list:

Number of Starts Descriptor
2 DBL
3 TRP
4 QUAD

The Unified Screw Thread form symbol is always
designated as NS for multiple-start threads.

Examples: 3/8-16 NS DBL 1/8 Lead HS G H5
#8-32 NS QUAD 1/8 Lead HS G H7

USCTI 2000. All rights reserved.

13
Standard System of Tap Thread Limits and Identification

2. Metric Screw Threads--- Profile
Ground thread M taps made with Metric threads---M
Profile are marked with an upper case "M", followed
by the nominal size in millimeters and the pitch in
millimeters separated by the sign "X". Also included
in the marking is "HS" for high speed, "G" for ground
thread, and a designator for tap pitch diameter.

a. "D" or "DU" Limits
When the maximum tap pitch diameter limit is over
basic pitch diameter by an even multiple of .013 mm
(.000512 inches reference), or the minimum tap pitch
diameter limit is under basic pitch diameter by an
even multiple of .013 mm, the taps are marked with
the letter "D" or "DU" respectively, followed by a limit
number. The limit number is determined as follows:

Amount max. tap PD limit
D limit number = is over basic PD
.013

Amount min. tap PD limit
DU limit number = __is over basic PD______
.013
For D limit increments, which are based on .013 mm,
see Table 341, Column Y. For tap PD tolerances,
see Table 341, Column Z. For standard taps, PD
limits for various D limit numbers are shown on Table
337.
When metric screw thread---M profile ground thread
taps are ordered without a pitch diameter, or a D or
DU limit number, the tap pitch diameter will normally
be determined from Table 341, and the tap will be
marked with the appropriate D limit number.
Examples of tap marking with D or DU limit numbers:

M1.6 X 0.35 HS G D3
Max. tap PD = Basic PD plus .039 mm
Min. tap PD = Max. tap PD minus .015
mm

M12 X 1.75 HS G D6
Max. tap PD = Basic PD + .078 mm
Min. tap PD = Max. tap PD - .031 mm

M39 X 4 HS G D10
Max. tap PD = Basic PD + .130 mm
Min. tap PD = Max. tap PD - .052 mm

M6 X 1 HS G DU4
Min. tap PD = Basic PD - .052 mm
Max. tap PD = Min. tap PD + .025 mm
All calculations for metric taps are done using
millimeter values. When inch values are needed,
they are translated from the 3 place millimeter tap
diameters, only after calculations are complete.

b. Metric Oversize or Undersize Taps
When metric taps are ordered with the pitch diameter
buildup or reduction specified as a single value, that
amount is added to basic PD in the former case, or
subtracted from basic PD in the latter, to determine
the MINIMUM tap PD in both cases. The PD
tolerance from Table 341, column Z, is then added to
the minimum PD to establish the MAXIMUM tap PD.
Note that if the specified amount over- or undersize is
given in inches, it will be converted to
millimeters, and the 3-place millimeter dimension
used in all calculations per section A above.

Example:

Tap ordered as "M12 X 1.75 + .003" HS G"
Convert .003" to millimeters and round to
3 places:
.003" = .076mm
Min. tap PD = Basic PD + .076mm
Max. tap PD = Min. tap PD + .013mm
Metric taps with special pitch diameter as well as
metric left hand taps follow the marking system
described above for Inch taps.

Example: Using the example from above, the tap would
bbe marked
"M12 X 1.75 +.076 HS G plus any other
appropriate marking."

c. Multi-Start Threads
Metric taps with multiple start threads are marked with the
lead designated in millimeters preceded by the letter L,
the pitch in millimeters preceded by the letter P, and the
appropriate symbol from the table below.

Number of Starts Descriptor
2 DBL
3 TRP
4 QUAD

Examples: M16 X L4-P2 DBL HS G D8
M14 X L6-P2 TRP HS G D7

USCTI 2000. All rights reserved

14
Standard System of Marking
(Ref. USCTI Table 301B)

General
As a minimum, taps will be marked with the threads per inch or pitch, the proper product thread designation identifying their
thread form and the letters designating the type of material they are made from (example, HS indicating high speed steel).

The country of origin if other than U.S.A ., will be marked in accordance with customs regulation CFR 19, part 134 .

STANDARD
TAP
MARKING
PRODUCT
THREAD
DESIGNATION
THREAD SERIES GOVERNING STANDARDS
STI STI
Helical Coil wire screw thread insert
ASME B18.29.1
ACME-C ACME-C
Acme thread - centralizing
ASME B1.5
ACME-G ACME-G
Acme thread - general purpose
ASME B1.5
STUB ACME STUB ACME
Stub acme thread
ASME B1.8
NH NH
American National Hose
ASME B1.20.7
ANPT ANPT
Aeronautical National form taper pipe
MIL-P-7105
NGO NGO
National Gas outlet thread
ANSI/CSA/CGA STD V-1
NGS NGS
National Gas straight thread
NGT NGT
National Gas taper thread
PTF-SAE PTF-SAE-SHORT
Dryseal SAE short taper pipe thread
ASME B1.20.3
AMO AMO
American National Standard Microscope
Objective Thread
ASME B1.11
UNM UNM
Unified Miniature thread series
ASME B1.10
BUTT BUTT
American Buttress thread
ASME B1.9
SGT SGT
Special Gas Taper thread
SPL-PTF PTF
Special Dryseal taper pipe thread
ASME B1.20.3
BSW BSW
British Standard Whitworth coarse thread
BSI BS84
BSF BSF
British Standard Whitworth fine thread
BSI BS84
Rc Rc
British Standard Taper Pipe for pressure tight
joints
BSI BS21
Rp Rp
British Standard Straight Pipe for pressure tight
joints
BSI BS21
G G
British Standard Straight Pipe for non-pressure
tight joints such as mechanical assemblies
BSI BS2779
G - trunc G - trunc
British Standard Straight Pipe for non-pressure
tight joints such as mechanical assemblies with
truncated crests
BSI BS2779
M M
Metric Screw Threads - M Profile, with basic
ISO 68 profile
ASME B1.13M, B1.18M
M MJ
Metric Screw Threads - MJ Profile, with a
rounded root radius equal to 0.15011P to
0.18042P (ext.thd.only)
ASME B1.21M
NC NC5IF
Class 5 interference fit internal thread - Entire
ferrous material range
ASME B1.12
NC NC5INF
Class 5 interference fit internal thread - Entire
nonferrous material range
ASME B1.12
NPS NPSC
American Standard Straight Pipe threads in
pipe couplings
ASME B1.20.1
NPSF NPSF
Dryseal American Standard fuel internal
straight pipe threads
ASME B1.20.3
NPSH NPSH
American Standard Straight Hose coupling
threads for joining to American Standard taper
pipe threads
ASME B1.20.7
(continued)


15
Standard System of Marking
(Ref. USCTI Table 301B - Contd)

STANDARD
TAP
MARKING
PRODUCT
THREAD
DESIGNATION
THREAD SERIES GOVERNING STANDARDS
NPSI NPSI
Dryseal American Standard Intermediate
internal straight pipe threads
ASME B1.20.3
NPSL NPSL
American Standard Straight Pipe threads for
loose fitting mechanical joints with locknuts
ASME B1.20.1
NPS NPSM
American Standard Straight Pipe threads for
free fitting mechanical joints for fixtures
ASME B1.20.1
NPT NPT
American Standard Taper Pipe threads for
general use
ASME B1.20.1
NPTF NPTF
Dryseal American Standard Taper Pipe threads
ASME B1.20.3
NPTR NPTR
American Standard Taper Pipe threads for
railing joints
ASME B1.20.1
N UN
Unified Inch Screw Thread, constant pitch
series
ASME B1.1
NC UNC
Unified Inch Screw Thread, coarse pitch series
ASME B1.1
NF UNF
Unified Inch Screw Thread, fine pitch series
ASME B1.1
NEF UNEF
Unified Inch Screw Thread, extra fine pitch
series
ASME B1.1
N UNJ
series, with rounded root radius 0.15011P to
0.18042P (ext. thd. only)
ASME B1.15
NC UNJC
Unified Inch Screw Thread, coarse pitch series,
with rounded root radius 0.15011P to 0.18042P
(ext. thd. only)
ASME B1.15
NF UNJF
Unified Inch Screw Thread, fine pitch series,
with rounded root radius 0.15011P to 0.18042P
(ext. thd. only)
ASME B1.15
NEF UNJEF
ASME B1.15
NS UNJS
Unified Inch Screw Thread, special pitch
ASME B1.15
N UNR
series, with rounded root radius not less than
ASME B1.1
NC UNRC
Unified Inch Screw Thread, coarse pitch series,
with rounded root radius not less than 0.108P
(ext. thd. only)
ASME B1.1
NF UNRF
Unified Inch Screw Thread, fine pitch series,
with rounded root radius not less than 0.108P
(ext. thd. only)
ASME B1.1
NEF UNREF
series, with rounded root radius not less than
ASME B1.1
NS UNS
Unified Inch Screw Thread, special diameter,
pitch, or length of engagement
ASME B1.1

ANSI, The American National Standards Institute, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990
ASME, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990
BSI, The British Standards Institution, 2 Park Street, London England, W1A2BS
MIL, Military Standard, Department of Defense, Washington DC


16
Nomenclature of Tap Elements and Other Terms Related to Screw Threads

No. Designation Illustration
001 Actual Size
The measured size of an element on an
individual part.

002 Allowance
A prescribed difference between the
maximum material limits of mating parts.
It is the minimum clearance (positive
allowance) or maximum interference
(negative allowance) between such parts.

MIN MAT'L LIMIT (MAX HOLE DIA.)
MAX MAT'L LIMIT (MIN HOLE DIA.)
MAX MAT'L LIMIT (MAX SHAFT DIA.)
MIN MAT'L LIMIT (MIN SHAFT DIA.)
POSITIVE ALLOWANCE
(MIN CLEARANCE)
BASIC SIZE
HOLE
SHAFT
MIN MAT'L LIMIT (MAX HOLE DIA.)
MAX MAT'L LIMIT (MIN HOLE DIA.)
MAX MAT'L LIMIT (MAX SHAFT DIA.)
MIN MAT'L LIMIT (MIN SHAFT DIA.)
NEGATIVE ALLOWANCE
(MAX INTERFERENCE)
SHAFT
HOLE
BASIC SIZE

003 Axis
The imaginary straight line that forms the
longitudinal centerline of the tool or
threaded part.

AXIS

004 Basic Size
The size from which the limits are derived
by application of allowance and
tolerance.

005 Bottoming Tap
A tap having a chamfer length of 1 to 2
pitches

BOTTOMING TAP

006 Chamfer
The tapering of the threads at the front
end of each land of a tap by cutting away
and relieving the crest of the first few
teeth to distribute the cutting action over
several teeth.
- Taper taps are chamfered 7 to 10
pitches;
- Plug taps are chamfered 3 to 5 pitches;
- Semi-Bottoming taps are chamfered 2
to 3 pitches;
- Bottoming taps are chamfered 1 to 2
pitches.

SEMI-BOTTOMING
TAPER
PLUG
BOTTOMING


17


006
Cont'd
Chamfer Angle
The angle formed between the chamfer
and the axis of the tap measured in an
axial plane at the cutting edge.

Chamfer Bevel
An angular surface of revolution (which
may or may not be relieved) preceding
the point diameter on a tap.

Chamfer Length
The length of the chamfer measured
parallel to the axis at the cutting edge.

Chamfer Point Diameter
See 012

Chamfer Relief
The gradual decrease in land height from
cutting edge to heel on the chamfered
portion of the land to provide radial
clearance for the cutting edge.

Chamfer Relief Angle
The complement of the angle formed
between a line tangent to the relieved
surface at the cutting edge and a radial
line to the same point.

RADIAL LINE
TANGENT TO
RELIEVED
SURFACE
CHAMFER RELIEF ANGLE
CHAMFER BEVEL
CHAMFER ANGLE
CHAMFER LENGTH

007 Classes Of Threads
Classes of threads are distinguished from
each other by the amounts of tolerance
or tolerances and all allowance specified.
It is not applicable to the tools used for
threading.

008

Concentric
Having a common center.

Concentric Margin
A portion of the threaded land, adjacent
to the cutting edge which has concentric
threads.

CONCENTRIC MARGIN


18

008
Cont'd
Concentric Thread
Threads which are substantially circular
for the full land width with a center
coincident with the tool axis; that is,
having no relief in the thread form except
for that slight amount produced by back
taper.

CONCENTRIC
FULL WIDTH
OF LAND

009 Crest
That surface of the thread that joins the
flanks of the thread and is farthest from
the cylinder or cone from which the
thread projects.

CREST

010 Cutter Sweep
The section removed by the milling cutter
or the grinding wheel in entering or
leaving a flute.

CUTTER SWEEP

011 Cutting Edge
The intersection of the cutting face and
major diameter in the direction of rotation
for cutting and which does the actual
cutting.

Cutting Face
The leading side of the land in the
direction of rotation for cutting on which
the chip impinges.

CUTTING FACE
DIRECTION OF
ROTATION
MAJOR
DIAMETER
CUTTING EDGE


19

012 Diameter
Core - The diameter of a circle that is
tangent to the bottom of the flutes at a
given point on the axis.
Major - On a straight thread, the major
diameter is that of the major cylinder. On
a taper thread, the major diameter at a
given position on the thread axis is that of
the major cone at that position.
Minor - On a straight thread, the minor
diameter is that of the minor cylinder. On
a taper thread, the minor diameter at a
given position on the thread axis is that of
the minor cone at that position.
Pitch - On a straight thread, the diameter
of the imaginary coaxial cylinder, the
surface of which would pass through the
thread profiles at such points as to make
the width of the groove equal to one-half
the basic pitch. On a perfect thread this
occurs at the point where the width of the
thread and groove are equal. On a taper
thread, the pitch diameter (or simple
effective diameter) at a given position on
the thread axis is the diameter of the
pitch cone at that position.
Point - The diameter at the cutting edge
of the leading end of the chamfered
section. The diameter is approximately
the same as the basic minor diameter
and varies with manufacturers.

CORE

DIAMETER
MINOR DIAMETER
MAJOR

DIAMETER
PITCH DIAMETER
POINT DIAMETER
P/1
P/2
P/2

013 Dryseal
A thread system used for both external
and internal application designed for use
where the assembled product must
withstand high fluid or gas pressure
without the use of a sealing compound or
where a sealer is functionally
objectionable.

014 Eccentric
Not having a common center.


20

015 Eccentricity (with respect to the tool
axis)
One-half of the Total Indicator Variation
(tiv).
- See also Relative Eccentricity -

ECCENTRICITY

016 Entry Taper
The portion of a thread forming tap where
the pitch diameter is tapered toward the
front to allow entry into the hole to be
tapped. These tapered threads produce
contact points that perform the forming or
extrusion process.

Entry Taper Length
The length, measured on the full
diameter of the thread forming lobe, from
the entry diameter position to the
theoretical intersection of the tap major
diameter and entry taper angle.
Bottoming Length - 1 to 2 pitches
Plug Length - 3 to 5 pitches

Entry Taper Angle
The angle at which the pitch diameter is
tapered from the major diameter to the
entry diameter portion.

Entry Taper Diameter
The diameter measured at the thread
crest nearest the front of the tap. This
diameter must be an appropriate amount
smaller than the diameter of the hole
produced for tapping.

ENTRY TAPER LENGTH
ENTRY TAPER DIAMETER
ENTRY TAPER
ANGLE

017 External Center - full or truncated
The pointed end on a tap. Its included
angle varies with manufacturing practice.
It must not be confused with a tap
chamfer or a chamfer bevel. On
bottoming chamfered taps the point on
the front end may be removed. This is
optional with manufacturer.

EXTERNAL
CENTER CENTER
FULL
CENTER
TRUNCATED


21

018 Female Center
See preferred term "internal center".

019 Flank
The flank of a thread is either surface
connecting the crest with the root. The
flank surface intersection with an axial
plane is theoretically a straight line.
Leading - (a) The flank of a thread facing
toward the chamfered end of a threading
tool. (b) The flank of a thread that, when
the thread is about to be assembled with
a mating thread, faces the mating thread.
Trailing - The flank of a thread that is
opposite to the leading flank.

Flank Angle
The angle between the individual flank
and the perpendicular to the axis of the
thread, measured in an axial plane. A
flank angle of a symmetrical thread is
commonly termed the half angle of
thread.

Flank Angle Variation
The deviation from the basic (nominal)
flank angle.

FLANKS
FLANK ANGLE

020

Flutes
The longitudinal channels formed in a tap
to create cutting edges on the thread
profile and to provide chip spaces and
cutting fluid passages. On a parallel or
straight thread tap they may be straight,
tapered, or helical; on a taper thread tap
they may be straight, tapered or spiral.
Tapered - A flute lying in a plane
intersecting the tool axis at an angle

FLUTE
TAPERED
TAPERED CORE
FLUTE


22

020
Contd
Helical - A flute with uniform axial lead
and constant helix in a helical path
around the axis of a cylindrical tap. A
regular helix is 25 to 35
o
. A fast helix is
45 to 60
o
.
Spiral - A flute with uniform axial lead in
a spiral path around the axis of a conical
tap.
Straight - A flute that forms a cutting
edge lying in an axial plane.
Lead angle - The angle that a helical or
spiral cutting edge at a given point makes
with an axial plane through the same
point.
Length - As applied to taps, the full axial
length of a flute including the cutter
sweep.
Runout - See 012

SPIRAL ANGLE
HELICAL
STRAIGHT
FLUTE
FLUTE
HELICAL ANGLE
FLUTE LENGTH
RUNOUT

021 Functional Size - The functional
diameter of an external or internal thread
is the pitch diameter of the enveloping
thread of perfect pitch, lead, and flank
angles, having full depth of engagement
but clear at crests and roots, and of a
specified length of engagement. It may
be derived by adding to the pitch
diameter in the case of an external
thread, or subtracting from the pitch
diameter in the case of an internal thread,
the cumulative effects of deviations from
specified profile, including variations in
lead and flank angle over a specified
length of engagement. The effects of
taper, out of roundness, and surface
defects may be positive or negative on
either external or internal threads.

022

023 Heel
The edge of the land opposite the cutting
edge.

CUTTING EDGE
DIRECTION OF
ROTATION
HEEL


23

024 Height of Thread
The height of a thread is the distance,
measured radially between the major and
minor cylinders or cones, respectively.

THREAD
HEIGHT

025 Helix angle
See flute lead angle and thread lead
angle.

Helix Variation
Helix variation of a thread is an undulate
aberration from true helical advancement.
The helical path includes the helix with
its super-imposed variation and is
measured either as the maximum
deviation from the true helix or as the
cumulative pitch. The cumulative pitch
is the distance measured parallel to the
axis of the thread between corresponding
points on any two thread forms whether
or not they are in the same axial plane.

026

Holes
Blind - A hole which does not pass
through the work piece and is not
threaded its full depth.
Bottoming - A blind hole which is
threaded close to the bottom.
Obstructed - A through hole which has
some obstruction beyond the hole limiting
the travel of the tap.
Open - A hole which passes through the
work piece but is not threaded its full
depth.
Recessed - A blind hole with a recess
larger than the tap major diameter and
beyond the depth of full thread, limiting
the travel of the tap.

BLIND
BOTTOMING
OBSTRUCTED
OPEN
RECESSED


24

026
Cont'd
Stepped - A blind or open hole with a
change in diameter which limits the
thread depth
Through - A hole which passes through
the work piece and is threaded its full
depth.

027 Hook Angle
The inclination of a concave cutting face,
usually specified as either chordal hook
or tangential hook.
Chordal - The angle between the chord
passing through the basic minor diameter
and the tap crest at the cutting face and a
radial line through the tap crest at the
cutting edge.
Tangential - The angle between a line
tangent to the radius of a hook cutting
face at the major diameter and a radial
line to the same point.

CHORDAL HOOK
TANGENTIAL HOOK
90
0
CUTTING
FACE
RADIUS

028 Internal Center
A countersink with clearance at the
bottom, in one or both ends of a tool,
which establishes the tool axis.

AXIS
INTERNAL
CENTER

029 Interrupted thread tap
A tap having an odd number of lands with
alternate teeth in the thread helix
removed. Alternate teeth are generally
removed only for a portion of the thread
length beyond the chamfer (semi -
interrupted thread), or in some cases on
the full thread length including the
chamfer (full - interrupted).

SEMI-INTERRUPTED
FULL-INTERRUPTED


STEPPED
THROUGH

25

030 Land
One of the threaded sections between
the flutes of a tap.

Land Width
The chordal width of the land between
the cutting edge and the heel measured
normal to the cutting edge.

LAND WIDTH
LAND

031 Lead
The distance a screw thread advances
axially in one complete turn.

Lead Deviation
The deviation from the basic nominal
lead.
Progressive -
(a) On the straight thread the deviation
from a true helix where the thread helix
advances uniformly; or (b) On a taper
thread the deviation from a true spiral
where the thread spiral advances
uniformly.

Lead Error
The deviation from prescribed limits.

032 Left Hand Cut
Rotation in a clockwise direction for
cutting when viewed from the chamfered
end of a tap.

Left Hand Helical or Spiral Flute
Flutes which viewed axially, twist in a
counter clockwise direction.

Left Hand Thread
A thread is a left hand thread if, when
viewed axially, it winds in a counter
clockwise and receding direction. All left
handed threads are designated LH.

LEFT HAND
THREAD
LEFT HAND
FLUTE
LEFT HAND
CUT

033 Length of Engagement
The length of engagement of two mating
threads is the axial distance over which
the two mating threads are in contact.
LENGTH OF ENGAGEMENT
HOLE
DEPTH


26

034 Length of Thread
The length of the thread includes the
chamfered threads and the full threads
but does not include an external center or
incomplete threads due to multiple rib
grinding.

LENGTH OF THREAD

035 Limits
The limits of size are the applicable
maximum and minimal sizes.

036 Male Center
See preferred term external center.

037 Margin
See 008

038 Neck
A section of reduced diameter between
two adjacent portions of a tool.

NECK

039 Nominal Size
A designation consisting of basic
specified size before any allowance or
tolerance is applied. Used for general
identification.

040 Number of Thread
See preferred term Threads per inch.

041 Oil Holes
Holes by which a cutting fluid is fed to the
cutting edges of a tool.

OIL HOLE

042 Optional Number Of Flutes
Taps with more or less flutes than
standard.

043 Overall Length
The extreme length of a complete tool
from end to end, but not including
external centers.
(Ref. "Illustrations of terms applying to
taps" - page 2)


27

044 Percent of Thread
One half the difference between the basic
major diameter and the actual minor
diameter of an internal thread, divided by
the basic thread height, expressed as a
percentage.

045 Pitch
The distance from any point on a screw
thread to a corresponding point on the
next thread, measured parallel to the axis
and on the same side of the axis.
In the unified inch screw thread system ,
the pitch equals one divided by the
number of threads per inch.

Pitch Error
The deviation from the true basic pitch
measured between adjacent teeth on a
land.

EXAMPLES:
M6 x 1
PITCH = 1 mm
PITCH
1 /4 -20 UNC
PITCH = 1/20
PITCH = 0.05

046 Plug Tap
A tap having a chamfer length of 3 to 5
pitches.

PLUG TAP

047 Projection
The distance the small end of a taper
thread projects through a taper thread
ring gage.

PROJECTION

048 Rake
The angular relationship of the straight
cutting face of a tooth with respect to the
radial line through the crest of the tooth at
the cutting edge.
Negative - The crest of the cutting face is
angularly behind the balance of the
cutting face of the tooth.
Positive - The crest of the cutting face is
angularly ahead of the balance of the
cutting face of the tooth.
Zero - The cutting face is directly on a
radial line.

NEGATIVE
RAKE
POSITIVE
RAKE
ZERO
RAKE


28

049 Relative Eccentricity
The distance between the geometric
center line of one portion of a tool and
geometric center-line of some other
portion.

050 Relief
The removal of metal behind the cutting
edge to provide clearance between the
part being threaded and the threaded
land.
Center - Clearance produced on a
portion of the land by reducing the
diameter of the entire thread form
between cutting edge and heel.
Con-eccentric Thread - Radial relief in
the thread form starting back of a
concentric margin.
Double Eccentric - The combination of a
slight radial relief in the thread form
starting at the cutting edge and
continuing for a portion of the land width,
and a greater radial relief for the balance
of the land.
Eccentric Thread - Radial relief in the
thread form starting at the cutting edge
and continuing to the heel.
Flatted Land - Clearance produced on a
portion of the tap land by truncating the
thread between the cutting edge and
heel.
Grooved Land - Clearance produced on
a tap land by forming a longitudinal
groove in the center of the land.
Radial - The clearance produced by
removal of metal from behind the cutting
edge. Taps should have the chamfer
relieved and should have back taper, but
may or may not have relief in the angle
and on the major diameter of the threads.
When the thread angle is relieved,
starting at the cutting edge and
continuing to the heel, the tap is said to
have eccentric relief. If the thread angle
is relieved back of a concentric margin
(Typically one third of land width), the tap
is said to have con-eccentric relief.

CENTER RELIEF
CON-ECCENTRIC
THREAD
DOUBLE ECCENTRIC
RELIEF
ECCENTRIC THREAD
FLATTED LAND
GROOVED LAND


29

051 Right Hand Cut
Rotation in a counter clockwise direction
for cutting when viewed from the
chamfered end of a tap or die.

Right Hand Flutes
Flutes which viewed axially, twist in a
clockwise direction.

Right Hand Thread
A thread is a right hand thread if, when
viewed axially, it winds in a clockwise and
receding direction.

RIGHT HAND
CUT
RIGHT HAND
FLUTE
RIGHT HAND
THREAD

052 Root
The surface of the thread that joins the
flanks of adjacent thread forms and is
identical with or immediately adjacent to
the cylinder or cone from which the
thread projects.

ROOT

053 Runout
The radial variation from a true circle
which lies in a diametral plane and is
concentric with the tool axis. See also
total indicator variation. (tiv)

054 Screw Thread
A screw thread is a ridge, usually of
uniform section and produced by forming
a groove in the form of a helix on the
external or internal surface of a cylinder,
or in the form of a conical spiral on the
external or internal surface of a cone or
frustum of a cone. A screw thread formed
on a cylinder is known as a straight
parallel thread, to distinguish it from a
taper screw thread which is formed on a
cone or a frustum of a cone.

EXAMPLE OF STRAIGHT SCREW THREAD


30

055 Screw Thread Insert (STI) (commonly
referred to as helical coil insert).
Screw thread bushing coiled from
diamond shaped cross-section wire. They
are screwed into oversized tapped holes
to form nominal size internal threads.

Screw Thread Insert (STI) Tap
These taps are oversize to the extent that
the internal thread which they produce
will accommodate a helical coil screw
thread insert, which at final assembly will
accept a screw thread of the nominal size
and pitch.

STI
TAPPED HOLE
SCREW
THREAD
INSERT
THREAD
INSERT
NOMINAL SIZE
SCREW THREAD

056 Semi Bottoming Tap
A tap having a 2 to 3 pitch chamfer
length.

CENTER REMOVAL IS OPTIONAL
WITH MANUFACTURER

057 Shank
The portion of the tool body by which it is
held and driven.

SHANK

058 Shaving
The excessive removal of material from
the product thread profile by the tool
thread flanks caused by an axial advance
per revolution less than or more than the
actual lead on the tool. In tapping, this
results in an increase in product pitch
diameter without an increase in product
major diameter.


31

059 Spiral Point
The angular fluting in the cutting face of
the land at the chamfered end. It is
formed at an angle with respect to the tap
axis of opposite hand to that of rotation.
Its length is usually greater than the
chamfer length and its angle with respect
to the tap axis is usually made great
enough to direct the chips ahead of the
tap. The tap may or may not have
longitudinal flutes.

Spiral point angle
The angle made by the projection of the
spiral point flute into an axial plane
parallel to the tap axis.

SPIRAL POINT

060 Square
Four driving flats parallel to the axis on a
tap shank forming a square with round
corners. For location purpose, one of the
flats can be longer than the three others.

SQUARE

061

Taper
Back - A gradual decrease in the
diameter of the thread form on a tap from
the chamfered end of the tap towards the
back which creates a slight radial relief in
the threads.
Front - A gradual increase in the
diameter of the thread form on a tap from
the chamfer end of the tap toward the
back.

Taper Per Inch -
(1) On a taper threaded part, or on a
taper shank, the difference in diameter in
one inch measured parallel to the axis.
(2) On a taper tap the difference in
diameter in one inch measured parallel to
the axis at the cutting face.

Taper Tap - A tap having a chamfer
length of 7 to 10 pitches.

TAPER PER INCH = D2-D1
1"
D1
D2
TAPER TAP


32

061
Contd
Taper Thread Tap - A tap for producing
a tapered internal thread.

TAPER THREAD TAP

062 Thread
Multiple - A thread of which the lead is
an integral multiple of the pitch. On a
double thread, the lead is equal to twice
the pitch. On a triple thread, the lead is
equal to three times the pitch, etc...
Single - A thread having a lead equal to
the pitch.
Angle of - (also known as included
angle of a thread). The angle between
the flanks of the thread measured in an
axial plane.
Base of - That which coincides with the
cylindrical or conical surface from which
the thread projects.
Class of - The designation of the class
that determines the specification of the
size allowance, and tolerance to which a
given threaded product is to be
manufactured. It is not applicable to the
tools for threading.
First Full - The first thread on the cutting
edge back of the chamfer. It is at this
point that rake, hook and thread elements
are measured.
Height - See 024
Interrupted - See 029
Length - See 034
Screw - See 054

FIRST FULL THREAD
THREAD ANGLE
LEAD
PITCH
LEAD
PITCH
SINGLE THREAD
DOUBLE THREAD

063 Thread Lead Angle
On a straight thread, the angle made by
the helix of the thread at the pitch line
with a plane perpendicular to the axis.
On a taper thread, the lead angle at a
given axial position is the angle made by
the conical spiral of the thread, with the
plane perpendicular to the axis, at the
pitch line.

Threads Per Inch (tpi)
The reciprocal of the pitch in inches.

THREAD LEAD ANGLE
PITCH = 0.05
THREADS PER INCH = 1/0.05
THREADS PER INCH = 20
EXAMPLE:
90
0
AXIS


33

064 Tolerance
(a) The total permissible variation of size
(b) The difference between the limits of
size

065 Total Indicator Variation (tiv)
The difference between maximum and
minimum indicator readings during a
checking cycle.

066 Truncation
Crest - The crest truncation of a thread is
the radial distance between the sharp
crest and the cylinder or cone that
bounds the crest.
Root - The root truncation of a thread is
the radial distance between the sharp
root and the cylinder or cone that bounds
the root.

CREST
TRUNCATION
ROOT
TRUNCATION


34
Tap Thread Limits, Machine Screw Sizes, Ground Thread
(Ref. USCTI Table 329)

For Unified Inch Screw Threads - Sizes 0 to 12 Inclusive

*Major Diameter for H7 limit taps is .002" larger than values shown in columns 6 & 7.
Formulae
Maximum Major Diameter = Basic Plus A
Minimum Major Diameter = Maximum Minus B
In the above formulae:
A = Constant to Add = 0.130P for all Pitches
B = Major Diameter Tolerance = 0.087P For 48 Through 80 TPI
= 0.076P For 36 Through 47 TPI
For values of A and B see Table 331.
Pitch Diameter Limits Lead Tolerance
H1 Limit = Basic to basic plus .0005" A Maximum lead deviation of plus or
H2 Limit = Basic Plus .0005" to basic plus .001" minus .0005" within any two threads
H3 Limit = Basic plus .001" to basic plus .0015" not farther apart than 1" is permitted.
H7 Limit = Basic plus .003" to basic plus .0035"
Angle Tolerance

24 to 80 threads per inch incl. = 30'
plus or minus in angle.

0 . . 80 . . .0600 .0605 .0616 .0519 .0519 .0524 .0524 .0529 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 64 . . . . .0730 .0736 .0750 .0629 .0629 .0634 .0634 .0639 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 . . 72 . . .0730 .0736 .0748 .0640 .0640 .0645 .0645 .0650 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 56 . . . . .0860 .0867 .0883 .0744 .0744 .0749 .0749 .0754 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 . . 64 . . .0860 .0866 .0880 .0759 . . . . . . . . .0764 .0769 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3 48 . . . . .0990 .0999 .1017 .0855 .0855 .0860 .0860 .0865 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3 . . 56 . . .0990 .0997 .1013 .0874 .0874 .0879 .0879 .0884 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 . . . . 36 .1120 .1135 .1156 .0940 . . . . . . . . .0945 .0950 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 40 . . . . .1120 .1134 .1153 .0958 .0958 .0963 .0963 .0968 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 . . 48 . . .1120 .1129 .1147 .0985 .0985 .0990 .0990 .0995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 40 . . . . .1250 .1263 .1282 .1088 .1088 .1093 .1093 .1098 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 . . 44 . . .1250 .1263 .1280 .1102 . . . . . . . . .1107 .1112 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6 32 . . . . .1380 .1401 .1421 .1177 .1177 .1182 .1182 .1187 .1187 .1192 .1207 .1212
6 . . 40 . . .1380 .1394 .1413 .1218 .1218 .1223 .1223 .1228 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8 32 . . . . .1640 .1661 .1681 .1437 .1437 .1442 .1442 .1447 .1447 .1452 .1467 .1472
8 . . 36 . . .1640 .1655 .1676 .1460 . . . . . . . . .1465 .1470 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 24 . . . . .1900 .1927 .1954 .1629 .1629 .1634 .1634 .1639 .1639 .1644 .1659 .1664
10 . . 32 . . .1900 .1921 .1941 .1697 .1697 .1702 .1702 .1707 .1707 .1712 .1727 .1732
12 24 . . . . .2160 .2187 .2214 .1889 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1899 .1904 . . . . . . . .
12 . . 28 . . .2160 .2183 .2206 .1928 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1938 .1943 . . . . . . . .
H1 Limit H2 Limit H3 Limit
Basic
Pitch Diameter
Mini-
mum
Mini-
mum
Mini-
mum
Mini-
mum
Maxi-
mum
Maxi-
mum
Maxi-
mum
Maxi-
mum
H7 Limit*
Basic
Mini-
mum
Maxi-
mum
Size
Threads
Per Inch
NC
UNC
NF
UNF
NS
UNS
Major
Diameter

35
Tap Thread Limits, Fractional Sizes, Ground Thread
For Unified Inch Screw Threads - Sizes 1/4 to 1 1/2 inclusive

Lead Tolerance
A maximum lead deviation of plus or minus .0005"
within any two threads not farther apart than 1" is
permitted.

Angle Tolerance

Formulae (Approximate)
Maximum Major Diameter = Basic plus A
Minimum Major Diameter = Maximum minus B
For values of A and B see Table 331

Pitch Diameter Limits for Taps Thru 1" Diameter:

H1 = Basic to basic plus .0005"
H2 = Basic plus .0005" to basic plus .001"

Pitch Diameter Limits for Taps over 1" Diameter Thru
1 1/2" Diameter:

Threads Per Inch Deviation in Half Angle
6 to 9 incl.
10 to 28 incl.
25' plus or minus
30' plus or minus
1/4 20 . . . . .2500 .2532 .2565 .2175 .2175 .2180 .2180 .2185 .2185 .2190 . . . . . . . . .2195 .2200 . . . . . . . .
1/4 . . 28 . . .2500 .2523 .2546 .2268 .2268 .2273 .2273 .2278 .2278 .2283 .2283 .2288 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5/16 18 . . . . .3125 .3161 .3197 .2764 .2764 .2769 .2769 .2774 .2774 .2779 . . . . . . . . .2784 .2789 . . . . . . . .
5/16 . . 24 . . .3125 .3152 .3179 .2854 .2854 .2859 .2859 .2864 .2864 .2869 .2869 .2874 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3/8 16 . . . . .3750 .3790 .3831 .3344 .3344 .3349 .3349 .3354 .3354 .3359 . . . . . . . . .3364 .3369 . . . . . . . .
3/8 . . 24 . . .3750 .3777 .3804 .3479 .3479 .3484 .3484 .3489 .3489 .3494 .3494 .3499 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7/16 14 . . . . .4375 .4422 .4468 .3911 . . . . . . . . .3916 .3921 .3912 .3926 . . . . . . . . .3931 .3936 . . . . . . . .
7/16 . . 20 . . .4375 .4407 .4440 .4050 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4060 .4065 . . . . . . . . .4070 .4075 . . . . . . . .
1/2 13 . . . . .5000 .5050 .5100 .4500 .4500 .4505 .4505 .4510 .4510 .4515 . . . . . . . . .4520 .4525 . . . . . . . .
1/2 . . 20 . . .5000 .5032 .5065 .4675 .4675 .4680 .4680 .4685 .4685 .4690 . . . . . . . . .4695 .4700 . . . . . . . .
9/16 12 . . . . .5625 .5679 .5733 .5084 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5094 .5099 . . . . . . . . .5104 .5109 . . . . . . . .
9/16 . . 18 . . .5625 .5661 .5697 .5264 . . . . . . . . .5269 .5274 .5274 .5279 . . . . . . . . .5284 .5289 . . . . . . . .
5/8 11 . . . . .6250 .6309 .6368 .5660 . . . . . . . . .5665 .5670 .5670 .5675 . . . . . . . . .5680 .5685 . . . . . . . .
5/8 . . 18 . . .6250 .6286 .6322 .5889 . . . . . . . . .5894 .5899 .5899 .5904 . . . . . . . . .5909 .5914 . . . . . . . .
11/16 . . . . 11 .6875 .6934 .6993 .6285 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6295 .6300 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11/16 . . . . 16 .6875 .6915 .6956 .6469 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6479 .6484 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3/4 10 . . . . .7500 .7565 .7630 .6850 . . . . . . . . .6855 .6860 .6860 .6865 . . . . . . . . .6870 .6875 . . . . . . . .
3/4 . . 16 . . .7500 .7540 .7581 .7094 .7094 .7099 .7099 .7104 .7104 .7109 . . . . . . . . .7114 .7119 . . . . . . . .
7/8 9 . . . . .8750 .8822 .8894 .8028 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8043 .8048 . . . . . . . . .8053 .8058
7/8 . . 14 . . .8750 .8797 .8843 .8286 . . . . . . . . .8291 .8296 . . . . . . . . .8301 .8306 . . . . . . . . .8311 .8316
1 8 . . . . 1.0000 1.0082 1.0163 .9188 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9203 .9208 . . . . . . . . .9213 .9218
1 . . 12 . . 1.0000 1.0054 1.0108 .9459 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9474 .9479 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 . . . . 14 1.0000 1.0047 1.0093 .9536 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9551 .9556 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 1/8 7 . . . . 1.1250 1.1343 1.1436 1.0322 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0332 1.0342 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 1/8 . . 12 . . 1.1250 1.1304 1.1358 1.0709 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0719 1.0729 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 1/4 7 . . . . 1.2500 1.2593 1.2686 1.1572 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1582 1.1592 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 1/4 . . 12 . . 1.2500 1.2554 1.2608 1.1959 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1969 1.1979 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 3/8 6 . . . . 1.3750 1.3859 1.3967 1.2667 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2677 1.2687 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 3/8 . . 12 . . 1.3750 1.3804 1.3858 1.3209 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3219 1.3229 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 1/2 6 . . . . 1.5000 1.5109 1.5217 1.3917 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3927 1.3937 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 1/2 . . 12 . . 1.5000 1.5054 1.5108 1.4459 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4469 1.4479 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
H5 Limit H6 Limit
Mini-
mum
Mini-
mum
Mini-
mum
Maxi-
mum
Maxi-
mum
Mini-
mum
Mini-
mum
Mini-
mum
Size
Threads
Per Inch
NC
UNC
NF
UNF
NS
UNS
Maxi-
mum
Maxi-
mum
Basic
Maxi-
mum
Maxi-
mum
Pitch Diameter Limits
H4 Limit
Major
Diameter
H1 Limit H2 Limit H3 Limit
Basic
Mini-
mum
Maxi-
mum

36
Tap Thread Limits, Fractional Sizes, Ground Thread
For Unified Inch Screw Thread - Sizes 1 5/8 to 4 inclusive
Lead Tolerance
A maximum lead deviation of plus of minus .0005" within any
two threads not farther apart than 1" is permitted.

Formulae Angle Tolerance
Maximum Major Diameter = Basic plus A
Minimum Major Diameter = Maximum minus B
Maximum Pitch Diameter = Minimum plus D
Minimum Pitch Diameter = Basic plus C
For Values of A, B, C, and D see Table 331
NC
UNC
8N
8UN
12 N
12UN
16N
16UN
Basic
Mini-
mum
Maxi-
mum Basic
Mini-
mum
Maxi-
mum
Limit
No.
1 5/8 . . 8 . . . . 1.6250 1.6331 1.6412 1.5438 1.5453 1.5468 H6
1 5/8 . . . . 12 . . 1.6250 1.6304 1.6358 1.5709 1.5724 1.5739 H6
1 5/8 . . . . . . 16 1.6250 1.6290 1.6331 1.5844 1.5854 1.5869 H5
1 3/4 5 . . . . . . 1.7500 1.7630 1.7760 1.6201 1.6216 1.6718 H7
1 3/4 . . 8 . . . . 1.7500 1.7581 1.7662 1.6688 1.6703 1.6236 H6
1 3/4 . . . . 12 . . 1.7500 1.7554 1.7608 1.6959 1.6974 1.6989 H6
1 3/4 . . . . . . 16 1.7500 1.7540 1.7581 1.7094 1.7104 1.7119 H5
1 7/8 . . 8 . . . . 1.8750 1.8831 1.8912 1.7938 1.7953 1.7968 H6
1 7/8 . . . . 12 . . 1.8750 1.8804 1.8858 1.8209 1.8224 1.8239 H6
1 7/8 . . . . . . 16 1.8750 1.8790 1.8831 1.8344 1.8354 1.8369 H5
2 4 1/2 . . . . . . 2.0000 2.0145 2.0289 1.8557 1.8572 1.8592 H7
2 . . 8 . . . . 2.0000 2.0081 2.0162 1.9188 1.9203 1.9218 H6
2 . . . . 12 . . 2.0000 2.0054 2.0108 1.9459 1.9474 1.9489 H6
2 . . . . . . 16 2.0000 2.0040 2.0081 1.9594 1.9604 1.9619 H5
2 1/4 4 1/2 . . . . . . 2.2500 2.2645 2.2789 2.1057 2.1072 2.1092 H7
2 1/4 . . 8 . . . . 2.2500 2.2581 2.2662 2.1688 2.1703 2.1718 H6
2 1/4 . . . . 12 . . 2.2500 2.2554 2.2608 2.1959 2.1974 2.1989 H6
2 1/4 . . . . . . 16 2.2500 2.2540 2.2581 2.2094 2.2104 2.2119 H5
2 1/2 4 . . . . . . 2.5000 2.5163 2.5325 2.3376 2.3391 2.3411 H7
2 1/2 . . 8 . . . . 2.5000 2.5081 2.5162 2.4188 2.4203 2.4218 H6
2 1/2 . . . . 12 . . 2.5000 2.5054 2.5108 2.4459 2.4474 2.4489 H6
2 1/2 . . . . . . 16 2.5000 2.5040 2.5081 2.4594 2.4604 2.4619 H5
2 3/4 4 . . . . . . 2.7500 2.7663 2.7825 2.5876 2.5896 2.5921 H9
2 3/4 . . 8 . . . . 2.7500 2.7581 2.7662 2.6688 2.6708 2.6728 H8
2 3/4 . . . . 12 . . 2.7500 2.7554 2.7608 2.6959 2.6974 2.6994 H7
2 3/4 . . . . . . 16 2.7500 2.7540 2.7581 2.7094 2.7109 2.7129 H7
3 4 . . . . . . 3.0000 3.0163 3.0325 2.8376 2.8396 2.8421 H9
3 . . 8 . . . . 3.0000 3.0081 3.0162 2.9188 2.9208 2.9228 H8
3 . . . . 12 . . 3.0000 3.0054 3.0108 2.9459 2.9474 2.9494 H7
3 . . . . . . 16 3.0000 3.0040 3.0081 2.9594 2.9609 2.9629 H7
3 1/4 4 . . . . . . 3.2500 3.2663 3.2825 3.0876 3.0896 3.0921 H9
3 1/4 . . 8 . . . . 3.2500 3.2581 3.2662 3.1688 3.1705 3.1728 H8
3 1/4 . . . . 12 . . 3.2500 3.2554 3.2608 3.1959 3.1974 2.1994 H7
3 1/4 . . . . . . 16 3.2500 3.2540 3.2581 3.2094 3.2109 3.2129 H7
3 1/2 4 . . . . . . 3.5000 3.5163 3.5325 3.3376 3.3396 3.3421 H9
3 1/2 . . 8 . . . . 3.5000 3.5081 3.5162 3.4188 3.4208 3.4228 H8
3 1/2 . . . . 12 . . 3.5000 3.5054 3.5108 3.4459 3.4474 3.4494 H7
3 1/2 . . . . . . 16 3.5000 3.5040 3.5081 3.4594 3.4609 3.4629 H7
3 3/4 4 . . . . . . 3.7500 3.7663 3.7825 3.5876 3.5896 3.5921 H9
3 3/4 . . 8 . . . . 3.7500 3.7581 3.7662 3.6688 3.6708 3.6728 H8
3 3/4 . . . . 12 . . 3.7500 3.7554 3.7608 3.6959 3.6974 3.6994 H7
3 3/4 . . . . . . 16 3.7500 3.7540 3.7581 3.7094 3.7109 3.7129 H7
4 4 . . . . . . 4.0000 4.0163 4.0325 3.8376 3.8396 3.8421 H9
4 . . 8 . . . . 4.0000 4.0081 4.0162 3.9188 3.9208 3.9228 H8
4 . . . . 12 . . 4.0000 4.0054 4.0108 3.9459 3.9474 3.9494 H7
4 . . . . . . 16 4.0000 4.0040 4.0081 3.9594 3.9609 3.9629 H7
Threads Per Inch Major Diameter Pitch Diameter Limits
Size
4 to 5 1/2 incl.
6 to 9 incl.
10 to 16 incl.
20' plus or minus
25' plus or minus
30' plus or minus

37
Tap Thread Limits, Metric Sizes, Ground Thread

Millimeters

Basic Pitch Diameter is the same as Min. Pitch Diameter of Internal Thread Class 6HTable 19, ANSE B1.13M

ANGLE TOLERANCE
Pitch (mm) Deviation in Half Angle
Over 0.25 to 2.5 Inc. 30' Plus or Minus
Over 2.5 to 4 Inc. 25' Plus or Minus

A maximum lead deviation of 0.013 mm within any
two threads not farther apart than 25mm is permitted.

Basic Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max.
1.6 0.35 1.600 1.628 1.653 1.373 1.397 1.412
2 0.4 2.000 2.032 2.057 1.740 1.764 1.779
2.5 0.45 2.500 2.536 2.561 2.208 2.232 2.247
3 0.5 3.000 3.040 3.065 2.675 2.699 2.714
3.5 0.6 3.500 3.548 3.573 3.110 3.142 3.162
4 0.7 4.000 4.056 4.097 3.545 3.577 3.597
4.5 0.75 4.500 4.560 4.601 4.013 4.045 4.065
5 0.8 5.000 5.064 5.105 4.480 4.512 4.532
6 1 6.000 6.080 6.121 5.350 5.390 5.415
7 1 7.000 7.080 7.121 6.350 6.390 6.415
8 1.25 8.000 8.100 8.164 7.188 7.222 7.253
10 1.5 10.000 10.120 10.784 9.026 9.073 9.104
12 1.75 12.000 12.140 12.204 10.863 10.910 10.941
Nominal
Dia.
(mm)
Pitch
(mm)
D6
Pitch Diameter (mm)
Basic
Major Diameter
(mm) D3 D4 D5
Basic Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max.
14 2 14.000 14.160 14.224 12.701 12.751 12.792
16 2 16.000 16.160 16.224 14.701 14.751 14.792
20 2.5 20.000 20.200 20.264 18.376 18.426 18.467
24 3 24.000 24.240 24.340 22.051 22.114 22.155
30 3.5 30.000 30.280 30.380 27.727 27.792 27.844
36 4 36.000 36.320 36.420 33.402 33.467 27.844
Nominal Dia.
(mm)
Pitch
(mm)
Major Diameter
( mm )
Pitch Diameter ( mm )
Basic
D7 D8 D9

38
Tap Thread Limits, Metric Sizes, Ground Thread

Inch Translation

Basic Pitch Diameter is the same as Min. Pitch Diameter of Internal Thread Class 6HTable 21, ANSI B1.13M

ANGLE TOLERANCE
Pitch (mm) Deviation in Half Angle
Over 0.25 to 2.5 Inc. 30' Plus or Minus
Over 2.5 to 4 Inc. 25' Plus or Minus

A maximum lead deviation of .0005" within any
two threads not farther apart than 1" is permitted.

Basic Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max.
14 2 .55118 .55748 .56000 .50004 .50201 .50362
16 2 .62992 .63622 .63874 .57878 .58075 .58236
20 2.5 .78740 .79528 .79780 .72346 .72543 .72705
24 3 .94488 .95466 .95827 .86815 .87063 .87224
30 3.5 1.18110 1.19213 1.19606 1.09161 1.09417 1.09622
36 4 1.41732 1.42992 1.43386 1.31504 1.31760 1.31965
Nominal
Dia.
(mm)
Pitch
(mm) Basic
Major Diameter
( Inches ) D7 D8 D9
Pitch Diameter ( Inches )
Basic Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max.
1.6 0.35 .06299 .06409 .06508 .05406 .05500 .05559
2 0.4 .07874 .08000 .08908 .06850 .06945 .07004
2.5 0.45 .09843 .09984 .10083 .08693 .08787 .08846
3 0.5 .11811 .11969 .12067 .10531 .10626 .10685
3.5 0.6 .13780 .13969 .14067 .12244 .12370 .12449
4 0.7 .15748 .15969 .16130 .13957 .14083 .14161
4.5 0.75 .17717 .17953 .18114 .15799 .15925 .16004
5 0.8 .19685 .19937 .20098 .17638 .17764 .17843
6 1 .23622 .23937 .24098 .21063 .21220 .21319
7 1 .27559 .27874 .28035 .25000 .25157 .25256
8 1.25 .31496 .31890 .32142 .28299 .28433 .28555
10 1.5 .39370 .39843 .40094 .35535 .35720 .35843
12 1.75 .47244 .47795 .48047 .42768 .42953 .43075
Nominal
Dia.
(mm)
Pitch
(mm)
D6
Pitch Diameter ( Inches )
Basic
Major Diameter
( Inches ) D3 D4 D5

39
Tap Thread Limits and Tolerances,
Formulae for Unified Inch Screw Threads,
Ground Thread
The following tables and formulae are used in determining the limits and tolerances for ground
thread taps having a thread lead angle not in excess of 5, unless otherwise specified.

Lead Tolerance
A Maximum lead deviation plus or minus .0005" within any two threads not farther apart than 1" is permitted.

Angle Tolerance

Formulae

Max. Major Dia. = Basic plus A Max. Pitch Dia. = Min. plus D
Min. Major Dia. = Max. minus B Min. Pitch Dia. = Basic plus C
In the above formulae: -
A = Constant to Add = 0.130P for all Pitches
B = Major Diameter Tolerance = 0.087P For 48 Through 80 TPI
C = Amount over basic for minimum pitch diameter
D = Pitch diameter tolerance

Note: When the tap major diameter must be determined from a specified tap pitch diameter, the maximum major
diameter equals the minimum specified pitch diameter minus Constant C, plus 0.64952P, plus Constant A.
For intermediate pitches use value for next coarser pitch for C & D, but use formulas for A & B.

Threads per inch Deviation in Half Angle
4 to 5 1/2 incl.
6 to 9 incl.
10 to 80 incl.
20' Plus or Minus
25' Plus or Minus
30' Plus or Minus
80 .0016 .0011 .0005 .0010 .0015 .0005 .0010 .0010 .0015
72 .0018 .0012 .0005 .0010 .0015 .0005 .0010 .0010 .0015
64 .0020 .0014 .0005 .0010 .0015 .0005 .0010 .0010 .0015
56 .0023 .0016 .0005 .0010 .0015 .0005 .0010 .0010 .0015
48 .0027 .0018 .0005 .0010 .0015 .0005 .0010 .0010 .0015
44 .0030 .0017 .0005 .0010 .0015 .0005 .0010 .0010 .0015
40 .0032 .0019 .0005 .0010 .0015 .0005 .0010 .0010 .0015
36 .0036 .0021 .0005 .0010 .0015 .0005 .0010 .0010 .0015
32 .0041 .0020 .0010 .0010 .0015 .0005 .0010 .0010 .0015
28 .0046 .0023 .0010 .0010 .0015 .0005 .0010 .0010 .0015
24 .0054 .0027 .0010 .0010 .0015 .0005 .0010 .0015 .0015
20 .0065 .0032 .0010 .0010 .0015 .0005 .0010 .0015 .0015
18 .0072 .0036 .0010 .0010 .0015 .0005 .0010 .0015 .0015
16 .0081 .0041 .0010 .0010 .0015 .0005 .0010 .0015 .0020
14 .0093 .0046 .0010 .0015 .0015 .0005 .0010 .0015 .0020
13 .0100 .0050 .0010 .0015 .0015 .0005 .0010 .0015 .0020
12 .0108 .0054 .0010 .0015 .0015 .0005 .0010 .0015 .0020
11 .0118 .0059 .0010 .0015 .0020 .0005 .0010 .0015 .0020
10 .0130 .0065 . . . . . .0015 .0020 .0005 .0010 .0015 .0020
9 .0144 .0072 . . . . . .0015 .0020 .0005 .0010 .0015 .0020
8 .0162 .0081 . . . . . .0015 .0020 .0005 .0010 .0015 .0020
7 .0186 .0093 . . . . . .0015 .0020 .0010 .0010 .0020 .0025
6 .0217 .0108 . . . . . .0015 .0020 .0010 .0010 .0020 .0025
5 1/2 .0236 .0118 . . . . . .0015 .0020 .0010 .0015 .0020 .0025
5 .0260 .0130 . . . . . .0015 .0020 .0010 .0015 .0020 .0025
4 1/2 .0289 .0144 . . . . . .0015 .0020 .0010 .0015 .0020 .0025
4 .0325 .0162 . . . . . .0015 .0020 .0010 .0015 .0020 .0025
D
To
5/8"
incl.
Over 5/8"
To
2 1/2" incl.
Over
2 1/2"
Threads
per
Inch
A B
C
Over 1"
To
1 1/2" incl.
Over 1 1/2"
To
2 1/2" incl.
Over
2 1/2"
To
1"
incl.

40
Tap Thread Limits and Tolerances,
Formulae for Metric Threads, Ground Thread
The following tables and formulae are used in determining the limits and tolerances for ground thread metric taps having a thread lead angle
not in excess of 5, unless otherwise specified. They apply only to metric threads having a 60 form with a P/8 flat at the major diameter of
the basic thread form. All calculations for metric taps are done using millimeter values as shown. When inch values are needed, they are
translated from the 3 place millimeter tap diameters, only after calculations are complete.

Lead Tolerance
A maximum lead deviation plus or minus .013 mm within any two threads not farther apart than 25 mm is permitted.

Angle Tolerance

Formulae

Min. Major Dia. = Basic plus W Max. Pitch Dia. = Basic plus Y
Max. Major Dia. = Min. plus X Min. Pitch Dia. = Max. minus Z

W = Constant to add to Basic Major Diameter (W = .080P)

X = Major Diameter Tolerance

Y = Amount over Basic for Maximum Pitch Diameter

Z = Pitch Diameter Tolerance

Note: When the tap major diameter must be determined from a specified tap pitch diameter, the minimum major diameter
equals the maximum specified tap pitch diameter minus Constant Y, plus 0.64952P, plus Constant W.

Millimeters

For intermediate pitches use value for next coarser pitch, for Y & Z but use formulas for W & X.

Pitch ( mm ) Deviation in Half Angles
over 0.25 to 2.5 Incl.
over 2.5 to 4 Incl.
over 4 to 6 Incl.
30' plus or minus
25' plus or minus
20' Plus or Minus
0.3 .024 .025 .039 .039 .052 .052 .015 .015 .020 .020
0.35 .028 .025 .039 .039 .052 .052 .015 .015 .020 .020
0.4 .032 .025 .039 .052 .052 .052 .015 .015 .020 .025
0.45 .036 .025 .039 .052 .052 .052 .015 .020 .020 .025
0.5 .040 .025 .039 .052 .052 .065 .015 .020 .025 .025
0.6 .048 .025 .052 .052 .065 .065 .020 .020 .025 .025
0.7 .056 .041 .052 .052 .065 .065 .020 .020 .025 .025
0.75 .060 .041 .052 .065 .065 .078 .020 .025 .025 .031
0.8 .064 .041 .052 .065 .065 .078 .020 .025 .025 .031
0.9 .072 .041 .052 .065 .065 .078 .020 .025 .025 .031
1 .080 .041 .065 .065 .078 .078 .025 .025 .031 .031
1.25 .100 .064 .065 .065 .078 .091 .025 .031 .031 .041
1.5 .120 .064 .065 .078 .078 .091 .025 .031 .031 .041
1.75 .140 .064 .078 .091 .104 .031 .041 .041
2 .160 .064 .091 .091 .104 .041 .041 .041
2.5 .200 .064 .091 .104 .117 .041 .041 .052
3 .240 .100 .104 .104 .130 .041 .052 .052
3.5 .280 .100 .104 .117 .130 .041 .052 .052
4 .320 .100 .104 .117 .143 .052 .052 .064
4.5 .360 .100 .130 .143 .052 .052 .064
5 .400 .100 .130 .156 .064 .064
5.5 .440 .100 .143 .156 .064 .064
6 .480 .100 .143 .156 .064 .064
Z
M1.6
To
M6.3 Inc.
Over M6.3
To
M25 Inc.
Over M25
To
M90 Inc.
Over
M90
Y
M1.6
To
M6.3 Inc.
Over M6.3
To
M25 Inc.
Over M25
To
M90 Inc.
Over
M90
P
Pitch
(mm)
W
(.08P)
X

41
Tap Recommendations for Classes 2B & 3B

The above recommended taps normally produce the Class of Thread indicated in average materials
when used with reasonable care. However, if the tap specified does not give a satisfactory gage fit in
the work, a choice of some other limit tap will be necessary.

0 . . 80 H2 H1 .0519 .0542 .0536
1 64 . . H2 H1 .0629 .0655 .0648
1 . . 72 H2 H1 .0640 .0665 .0659
2 56 . . H2 H1 .0744 .0772 .0765
2 . . 64 H2 H1 .0759 .0786 .0779
3 48 . . H2 H1 .0855 .0885 .0877
3 . . 56 H2 H1 .0874 .0902 .0895
4 40 . . H2 H2 .0958 .0991 .0982
4 . . 48 H2 H1 .0985 .1016 .1008
5 40 . . H2 H2 .1088 .1121 .1113
5 . . 44 H2 H1 .1102 .1134 .1126
6 32 . . H3 H2 .1177 .1214 .1204
6 . . 40 H2 H2 .1218 .1252 .1243
8 32 . . H3 H2 .1437 .1475 .1465
8 . . 36 H2 H2 .1460 .1496 .1487
10 24 . . H3 H3 .1629 .1672 .1661
10 . . 32 H3 H2 .1697 .1736 .1726
12 24 . . H3 H3 .1889 .1933 .1922
12 . . 28 H3 H3 .1928 .1970 .1959
1/4 20 . . H5 H3 .2175 .2224 .2211
1/4 . . 28 H4 H3 .2268 .2311 .2300
5/16 18 . . H5 H3 .2764 .2817 .2803
5/16 . . 24 H4 H3 .2854 .2902 .2890
3/8 16 . . H5 H3 .3344 .3401 .3387
3/8 . . 24 H4 H3 .3479 .3528 .3516
7/16 14 . . H5 H3 .3911 .3972 .3957
7/16 . . 20 H5 H3 .4050 .4104 .4091
1/2 13 . . H5 H3 .4500 .4565 .4548
1/2 . . 20 H5 H3 .4675 .4731 .4717
9/16 12 . . H5 H3 .5084 .5152 .5135
9/16 . . 18 H5 H3 .5264 .5323 .5308
5/8 11 . . H5 H3 .5660 .5732 .5714
5/8 . . 18 H5 H3 .5889 .5949 .5934
3/4 10 . . H5 H5 .6850 .6927 .6907
3/4 . . 16 H5 H3 .7094 .7159 .7143
7/8 9 . . H6 H4 .8028 .8110 .8089
7/8 . . 14 H6 H4 .8286 .8356 .8339
Min.
All
Classes
(BASIC)
Max.
Class
2B
Max.
Class
3B
Class
3B
Size
Threads
Per Inch
Recommended Tap
Limits
Internal Thread
NC
UNC
NF
UNF
Class
2B

42
Tap Recommendations for Classes 2B & 3B

Tap Recommendations for Class 6H Metric Screw Threads

The above recommended taps normally produce the Class of Thread indicated in average materials
when used with reasonable care; however, if the tap specified does not give a satisfactory gage fit in
the work, a choice of some other limit tap will be necessary.

1 8 . . H6 H4 .9188 .9276 .9254
1 . . 12 H6 H4 .9459 .9535 .9516
1 H6 H4 .9536 .9609 .9590
1 1/8 7 . . H8 H4 1.0332 1.0416 1.0393
1 1/8 . . 12 H6 H4 1.0709 1.0787 1.0768
1 1/4 7 . . H8 H4 1.1572 1.1668 1.1644
1 1/4 . . 12 H6 H4 1.1959 1.2039 1.2019
1 3/8 6 . . H8 H4 1.2667 1.2771 1.2745
1 3/8 . . 12 H6 H4 1.3209 1.3291 1.3270
1 1/2 6 . . H8 H4 1.3917 1.4022 1.3996
1 1/2 . . 12 H6 H4 1.4459 1.4542 1.4522
Max.
Class
2B
14 NS
Max.
Class
2B
Class
3B
Size
Threads
Per Inch
Recommended Tap
Limits
Internal Thread
NC
UNC
NF
UNF
Class
2B
Min.
All
Classes
(BASIC)
Min. Max. Min. Max.
1.6 0.35 D3 1.373 1.458 .05406 .05740
2 0.4 D3 1.740 1.830 .06850 .07205
2.5 0.45 D3 2.208 2.303 .08693 .09067
3 0.5 D3 2.675 2.775 .10531 .10925
3.5 0.6 D4 3.110 3.222 .12244 .12685
4 0.7 D4 3.545 3.663 .13957 .14421
4.5 0.75 D4 4.013 4.131 .15789 .16264
5 0.8 D4 4.480 4.605 .17638 .18130
6 1 D5 5.350 5.500 .21063 .21654
7 1 D5 6.350 6.500 .25000 .25591
8 1.25 D5 7.188 7.348 .28299 .28929
10 1.5 D6 9.026 9.206 .35535 .36244
12 1.75 D6 10.863 11.063 .42768 .43555
14 2 D7 12.701 12.913 .50004 .50839
16 2 D7 14.701 14.913 .57878 .58713
20 2.5 D7 18.376 18.600 .72346 .73228
24 3 D8 22.051 22.316 .86815 .87858
30 3.5 D9 27.727 28.007 1.09161 1.10264
36 4 D9 33.402 33.702 1.31504 1.32685
Pitch Diameter
(millimeters)
Pitch Diameter
(inch conversion)
Thread Size
Recommended
Tap
Nominal
Dia. (mm)
Pitch
(mm)
Limit
Number
Internal Thread - Product Limits - Class 6H

43
Minor Diameter of Tapped Holes

Taps are different from other cutting tools, as few operating variables are possible. The feed per revolution is fixed by the
lead or pitch of the tap. The rate of metal removed per tooth is thus governed by effective chamfer length, number of flutes,
revolutions per minute, and minor diameter of the product. In addition, application of cutting fluid is difficult as chips cannot
always be removed from the cutting zone and the cross-sectional area of the tap is often small compared to the load
imposed. Since freedom of choice as to relief, rake, and shear angles is frequently limited, and the tap must usually stop and
reverse in the cut, it should be realized that every reasonable precaution should be taken to favor the tap.

There are four general groups of tapped holes.

First and largest - Holes into which a threaded part is inserted for fastening purposes only and
left either for the life of the part or until repairs are needed.

Second - Holes which are used to adjust parts of a machine where the screw or bolt may
be tightened or loosened many times.

Third - Holes in which a screw is used to move a slide or nut and hold it at a desired location.

Fourth - Holes for studs.

The first group includes the greater percentage of holes with Unified Form of Thread. It is the group for which reasonable
recommendations on minor diameter can be made. Some holes in the second group can be included but other applications
may require individual attention.
In Unified Inch Screw Threads ANSI B1.1, Metric Screw Threads ANSI B1.13M, and Screw Threads for Federal Services,
Handbook H-28, the maximum minor diameter runs from about 53% engagement with a basic thread plug on a No. 0-80,
61% engagement on an M1.6 x 0.35 to about 66% engagement on 1/2" (M12) diameter and larger.

Tests have shown that tapping torque increases when the minor diameter decreases. Two principal reasons for this should
be emphasized.

First, the increase in material removed is shown by Figure 2 - where a 10-24 basic screw thread is shown by the heavy
outline and the Class 2B maximum tapped hole size is shown by the dot and dash lines.

As the thread height increases, the width of chip and amount of material removed increases rapidly. The sketch shows that
on a basic thread form a 50% thread height represents the removal of only 31.3% of the basic area, while an increase to
75% thread height increases the area to be removed to 60.9% or practically double the first amount. With a tapped hole
increased to the maximum pitch diameter, the figures increase to approximately 40% and 72% of the area.

NO. OF UNITS
BETWEEN LINES=5
0
8.3
16.7
25
33.3
41.7
50
58.3
66.7
75
83.3
91.7
100
EXTRA METAL TAKEN OUT BY TAP
WHICH CUTS MAXIMUM CLASS 2B HOLE
PERCENT OF
AREA REMOVED
AT A
THREAD HEIGHT
2.6
6.2
10.9
16.6
22.8
31.3
40.1
50.0
60.9
72.9
86.0
100
BASIC 10-24 U.N.C. THREAD
HEIGHT .02706 CLASS 2B TOL
=
.0043
Figure 2
5=TOTAL UNITS ABOVE
LINE
MINIMUM MINOR DIAMETER
MAXIMUM MINOR DIAMETER
7
9
21
19
17
13
11
62.9
25
23
15
27
TOTAL UNITS =192
12
21
32
45
60
77
96
117
140
165
192
45.0
A=
PERCENT OF
THREAD HEIGHT

44

The second cause of increase in torque is, (except in the case of spiral point or spiral flute taps) when a tap
enters a drilled hole it starts cutting chips which will usually remain in the flutes as the tap advances. If stringy
chips result, they roll over and over between the minor diameter of the hole and the bottom of the flutes, causing
considerable friction. As the drilled hole becomes smaller, the amount of chips to be removed becomes so great
that the friction generated may require as much power as the actual cutting.

This friction increase is apparent where the power used in cutting cast iron with its fine crumbling chips,
increases in proportion to the metal removed, but the curling chips from No. 1020 A. I. S. I. Steel clogs the flutes
of the tap, resulting in an increase in torque out of proportion to the metal removed and detrimental to the tap.

In addition to causing friction, these curling chips score and tear the thread resulting in rough and over - size
holes, and leads to work rejection. This is especially true of the Unified Coarse Thread series in sizes 1/2" &
smaller, and the Metric Thread Sizes M12 and smaller.

While minor diameter limits, shown in B1.1, B1.13M and H-28 result in a satisfactory threaded hole, there are
cases where a larger hole will save time and tool cost. Tests show that in general the bolt, or external thread,
breaks at about 55% thread engagement, and there is very little increase in the strength of the nut when the
thread height is increased.

It is, therefore, an advantage to tap users to keep the minor diameter as large as possible. If tapping difficulties
continue, the Fine Thread Series should be considered, as the volume of chips is much smaller and the strength
of the internal thread is practically the same.

It must be remembered that usually the part to be tapped is the most valuable and that the balance of strength
should be in the tapped hole.

The following table shows both the theoretical percent of thread
1
represented by the drill size and the percent
that would normally be obtained in drilling based on test data.

1
Percent of thread is the ratio of the actual height of thread to the value .64952P.

Formula For Obtaining Tap Drill Sizes for Cutting Taps

*Drilled Hole
Size (inches)
=
Basic Major Dia.
of thread (Inch)
- .0130 X
Percentage of Full Thread
No. of Threads per Inch

*Drilled Hole
Sizes (mm)
=
Basic Major Dia.
of thread (mm)
-
Percentage of Full Thread x mm Pitch
76.98

Formula For Obtaining Tap Drill Sizes for Thread Forming Taps

*Drilled Hole
Size (inches)
=
Basic Major Dia.
of thread (Inch)
- .0068 X
Percentage of Full Thread
No. of Threads per Inch

*Drilled Hole
Size (mm)
=
Basic Major Dia.
of thread (mm)
-
Percentage of Full Thread x mm Pitch
147.06

Formula For Obtaining Percentage Of Full Thread For Other Drill sizes

Basic Major Dia.
Of Thread (Inch)
-
Drill Hole
Size (inch)
Percentage of
Full Thread
=
No. of Threads
per inch
X
.0130

Basic Major Dia. Drill Hole Size Percentage of
Full Thread
=
76.98
Pitch (mm)
X
(mm)
-
(mm)

Note: Drill size should be smaller than hole size by the probable amount the drill will cut oversize.
See tables on Pages 46 & 47.

45
Tap Drill Sizes
1
For Unified Inch Screw Threads

*Probable percent of full thread produced in tapped hole using standard drill sizes.

1
Recommended sizes for cutting taps. For forming taps see formula on page 44. Hole sizes shown may not suite UNJ and MJ
hole requirements.

% % % %
0-80 56 .0465 83 .0015 .0480 74 8-32 3.40mm .1339 74 .0029 .1368 67
3/64 .0469 81 .0015 .0484 71 29 .1360 69 .0029 .1389 62
1.20mm .0472 79 .0015 .0487 69 8-36 29 .1360 78 .0029 .1389 70
1.25mm .0492 67 .0015 .0507 57 3.5mm .1378 72 .0029 .1407 65
1-64 54 .0550 89 .0015 .0565 81 10-24 27 .1440 85 .0032 .1472 79
1.45mm .0571 78 .0015 .0586 71 3.70mm .1457 82 .0032 .1489 76
53 .0595 67 .0015 .0610 59 26 .1470 79 .0032 .1502 74
1-72 1.5mm .0591 77 .0015 .0606 68 25 .1495 75 .0032 .1527 69
53 .0595 75 .0015 .0610 67 24 .1520 70 .0032 .1552 64
1.55mm .0610 67 .0015 .0606 68 10-32 5/32 .1563 83 .0032 .1595 75
2-56 51 .0670 82 .0017 .0687 74 22 .1570 81 .0032 .1602 73
1.75mm .0689 73 .0017 .0706 66 21 .1590 76 .0032 .1622 68
50 .0700 69 .0017 .0717 62 12-24 11/64 .1719 82 .0035 .1754 75
1.80mm .0709 65 .0017 .0726 58 17 .1730 79 .0035 .1765 73
2-64 50 .0700 79 .0017 .0717 70 16 .1770 72 .0035 .1805 66
1.80mm .0709 74 .0017 .0726 66 12-28 16 .1770 84 .0035 .1805 77
49 .0730 64 .0017 .0747 56 15 .1800 78 .0035 .1835 70
3-48 48 .0760 85 .0019 .0779 78 4.60mm .1811 75 .0035 .1846 67
5/64 .0781 77 .0019 .0800 70 14 .1820 73 .0035 .1855 66
47 .0785 76 .0019 .0804 69 1/4-20 9 .1960 83 .0038 .1998 77
2.00mm .0787 75 .0019 .0806 68 8 .1990 79 .0038 .2028 73
46 .0810 67 .0019 .0829 60 7 .2010 75 .0038 .2048 70
45 .0820 63 .0019 .0839 56 13/64 .2031 72 .0038 .2069 66
3-56 46 .0810 78 .0019 .0829 69 1/4-28 5.40mm .2126 81 .0038 .2164 72
45 .0820 73 .0019 .0839 65 3 .2130 80 .0038 .2168 72
2.10mm .0827 70 .0019 .0846 62 5/16-18 F .2570 77 .0038 .2608 72
2.15mm .0846 62 .0019 .0865 54 6.60mm .2598 73 .0038 .2636 68
4-40 44 .0860 80 .0020 .0880 74 G .2610 71 .0041 .2651 66
2.20mm .0866 78 .0020 .0886 72 5/16-24 H .2660 86 .0041 .2701 78
43 .0890 71 .0020 .0910 65 6.80mm .2677 83 .0041 .2718 75
2.30mm .0906 66 .0020 .0926 60 I .2720 75 .0041 .2761 67
4-48 2.35mm .0925 72 .0020 .0926 72 3/8-16 7.80mm .3071 84 .0044 .3115 78
42 .0935 68 .0020 .0955 61 7.90mm .3110 79 .0044 .3154 73
3/32 .0938 68 .0020 .0958 60 5/16 .3125 77 .0044 .3169 72
2.40mm .0945 65 .0020 .0965 57 O .3160 73 .0044 .3204 68
5-40 40 .0980 83 .0023 .1003 76 3/8-24 21/64 .3281 87 .0044 .3325 79
39 .0995 79 .0023 .1018 71 8.40mm .3307 82 .0044 .3351 74
38 .1015 72 .0023 .1038 65 Q .3320 79 .0044 .3364 71
2.60mm .1024 70 .0023 .1047 63 8.50mm .3346 75 .0044 .3390 67
5-44 38 .1015 79 .0023 .1038 72 7/16-14 T .3580 86 .0046 .3626 81
2.60mm .1024 77 .0023 .1047 69 23/64 .3594 84 .0046 .3640 79
37 .1040 71 .0023 .1063 63 9.20mm .3622 81 .0046 .3668 76
6-32 37 .1040 84 .0023 .1063 78 9.30mm .3661 77 .0046 .3707 72
36 .1065 78 .0023 .1088 72 U .3680 75 .0046 .3726 70
7/64 .1094 70 .0026 .1120 64 9.40mm .3701 73 .0046 .3747 68
35 .1100 69 .0026 .1126 63 7/16-20 W .3860 79 .0046 .3906 72
34 .1100 67 .0026 .1136 60 25/64 .3906 72 .0046 .3952 65
6-40 34 .1110 83 .0026 .1136 75 1/2-13 10.50mm .4134 87 .0047 .4181 82
33 .1130 77 .0026 .1156 69 27/64 .4219 78 .0047 .4266 73
2.90mm .1142 73 .0026 .1168 65 1/2-20 29/64 .4531 72 .0047 .4578 65
32 .1160 68 .0026 .1186 60
Probable
Mean
Oversize
(Inches)
Probable
Hole Size
(Inches)
Probable
Percent
of
Thread*
Tap
Size
Tap
Drill
Size
Decimal
Equiv. Of
Tap Drill
(Inches)
Theoretical
Percent of
Thread
Probable
Hole Size
(Inches)
Probable
Percent
of
Thread*
Tap
Size
Tap
Drill
Size
Decimal
Equiv. Of
Tap Drill
(Inches)
Theoretical
Percent of
Thread
Probable
Mean
Oversize
(Inches)

46
Tap Drill Sizes
1
For Unified Inch Screw Threads

Tap Drill Sizes
1
For Metric M-Profile Screw Threads
1
Recommended sizes for cutting taps. For forming taps see formula on page 44. Hole sizes shown may not suit UNJ and MJ hole requirements.

% % % %
9/16-12 15/32 .4688 87 .0048 .4736 82 1 1/4-7 1 3/32 1.0938 84
31/64 .4844 72 .0048 .4892 68 1 7/64 1.1094 76
9/16-18 1/2 .500 87 .0048 .5048 80 1 1/4-12 1 11/64 1.1719 72
5/8-11 17/32 .5313 79 .0049 .5362 75 1 3/8-6 1 13/64 1.2031 79
5/8-18 9/16 .5625 87 .0049 .5674 80 1 7/32 1.2188 72
3/4-10 41/64 .6406 84 .0050 .6456 80 1 3/8-12 1 19/64 1.2989 72
21/32 .6563 72 .0050 .6613 68 1 1/2-6 1 21/64 1.3281 79
3/4-16 11/16 .6875 77 .0050 .6925 71 1 11/32 1.3438 72
17.50MM .6890 75 .0050 .6940 69 1 1/2-12 1 27/64 1.4219 72
7/8-9 49/64 .7656 76 .0052 .7708 72
7/8-14 51/64 .7969 84 .0052 .8021 79
1"-8 55/64 .8594 87 .0059 .8653 83
7/8 .875 77 .0059 .8809 73
1"-12 29/32 .9063 87 .0059 .9122 81
59/64 .9219 72 .0060 .9279 67
1"-14 59/64 .9219 84 .0060 .9279 78
1 1/8-7 31/32 .9688 84 .0062 .9750 81
63/64 .9844 76 .0067 .9911 72
1 1/8-12 1 1/32 1.0313 87 .0071 1.0384 80
Probable
Mean
Oversize
(Inches)
Probable
Hole Size
(Inches)
Probable
Percent
of
Thread*
Tap
Size
Tap
Drill
Size
Decimal
Equiv. Of
Tap Drill
(Inches)
Theoretical
Percent of
Thread
Probable
Hole Size
(Inches)
Probable
Percent
of
Thread*
REAMING
RECOMMENDED
Tap
Size
Tap
Drill
Size
Decimal
Equiv. Of
Tap Drill
(Inches)
Theoretical
Percent of
Thread
Probable
Mean
Oversize
(Inches)
% % % %
M1.6x0.35 1.20mm .0472 88 .0014 .0486 80 M7x1 A .2340 81 .0038 .2378 74
1.25mm .0492 77 .0014 .0506 69 6mm .2362 77 .0038 .2400 70
M2x0.4 1/16 .0625 79 .0015 .0640 72 B .2380 74 .0038 .2418 66
1.60mm .0630 77 .0017 .0647 69 M8x1.25 6.7mm .2638 80 .0041 .2679 74
52 .0635 74 .0017 .0652 66 17/64 .2656 77 .0041 .2697 71
M2.5x0.45 2.05mm .0807 77 .0019 .0826 69 H .2660 77 .0041 .2701 70
46 .0810 76 .0019 .0829 67 6.8mm .2677 74 .0041 .2718 68
45 .0820 71 .0019 .0839 63 M10x1.5 8.4mm .3307 82 .0044 .3351 76
M3x0.5 40 .0980 79 .0023 .1003 70 Q .3320 80 .0044 .3364 75
2.5mm .0984 77 .0023 .1007 68 8.5mm .3346 77 .0044 .3390 71
39 .0995 73 .0023 .1018 64 M12x1.75 10.20mm .4016 79 .0047 .4063 75
M3.5x0.6 33 .1130 81 .0026 .1156 72 Y .4040 76 .0047 .4087 71
2.9mm .1142 77 .0026 .1168 68 13/32 .4062 74 .0047 .4109 69
32 .1160 71 .0026 .1186 63 M14x2 15/32 .4688 81 .0048 .4736 76
M4x0.7 3.2mm .1260 88 .0029 .1289 80 12mm .4724 77 .0048 .4772 72
30 .1285 81 .0029 .1314 73 M16x2 35/64 .5469 81 .0049 .5518 76
3.3mm .1299 77 .0029 .1328 69 14mm .5512 77 .0049 .5561 72
M4.5x0.75 3.7mm .1457 82 .0032 .1489 74 M20x2.5 11/16 .6875 78 .0050 .6925 74
26 .1470 79 .0032 .1502 70 17.5mm .6890 77 .0052 .6942 73
25 .1495 72 .0032 .1527 64 M24x3 13/16 .8125 86 .0052 .8177 82
M5x0.8 4.2mm .1654 77 .0032 .1686 69 21mm .8268 76 .0054 .8322 73
19 .1660 75 .0032 .1692 68 53/64 .8281 76 .0054 .8335 73
M6x1 10 .1935 84 .0038 .1973 76 M30x3.5 1 1/32 1.0312 83 .0071 1.0383 80
9 .1960 79 .0038 .1998 71 25.5mm 1.0433 77 .0071 1.0504 73
5mm .1969 77 .0038 .2006 70 1 3/64 1.0469 75 .0072 1.0541 70
8 .1990 73 .0038 .2028 65 M36x4 1 17/64 1.2656 74
Probable
Mean
Oversize
(Inches)
Probable
Hole Size
(Inches)
Probable
Percent
of
Thread*
Metric
Tap
Size
Tap
Drill
Size
Decimal
Equiv. Of
Tap Drill
(Inches)
Theoretical
Percent of
Thread
Probable
Hole Size
(Inches)
Probable
Percent
of
Thread*
REAMING RECOMMENDED
Metric
Tap
Size
Tap
Drill
Size
Decimal
Equiv. Of
Tap Drill
(Inches)
Theoretical
Percent of
Thread
Probable
Mean
Oversize
(Inches)

47
Standard Tap Dimensions, Ground Thread

General Dimensions

BLANK DESIGN 3 BLANK DESIGN 1
(L)
(l)
(a)
BLANK DESIGN 2
(L)
(l)
(L)
(l)
2
l ) ( ( l )
2
d ) (
1
2
( l )
1
d ( ) )
1
d (

Nominal Diameter Machine Nominal Nominal Blank Tap Dimensions----Inches
Range - Inches Screw Fractional Metric Design Overall Thread Square Shank Size of
Size Diameter Diameter No. Length Length Length Diameter Square
Over To (Inc.) No. Inches Millimeters, (Inches) L l l2 d1 a
.052 .065 0 (.0600) M 1.6 (.0630) 1 1.63 .31 .19 .1410 .110
.065 .078 1 (.0730) M1.8 (.0709) 1 1.69 .38 .19 .1410 .110
.078 .091 2 (.0860) M2 (0787), M2.2 (.0866) 1 1.75 .44 .19 .1410 .110
.091 .104 3 (.0990) M2.5 (.0984) 1 1.81 .50 .19 .1410 .110
.104 .117 4 (.1120) 1 1.88 .56 .19 .1410 .110
.117 .130 5 (.1250) M3 (.1181) 1 1.94 .63 .19 .1410 .110
.130 .145 6 (.1380) M3.5 (.1378) 1 2.00 .69 .19 .1410 .110
.145 .171 8 (.1640) M4 (.1575) 1 2.13 .75 .25 .1680 .131
.171 .197 10 (.1900) M4.5 (.1772), M5 (.1969) 1 2.38 .88 .25 .1940 .152
.197 .223 12 (.2160) 1 2.38 .94 .28 .2200 .165
.223 .260 1/4 (.2500) M6 (.2362) 2 2.50 1.00 .31 .2550 .191
.260 .323 5/16 (.3125) M7 (.2756), M8 (.3150) 2 2.72 1.13 .38 .3180 .238
.323 .395 3/8 (.3750) M10 (.3937) 2 2.94 1.25 .44 .3810 .286
.395 .448 7/16 (.4375) 3 3.16 1.44 .41 .3230 .242
.448 .510 1/2 (.5000) M12 (.4724) 3 3.38 1.66 .44 .3670 .275
.510 .573 9/16 (.5625) M14 (.5512) 3 3.59 1.66 .50 .4290 .322
.573 .635 5/8 (.6250) M16 (.6299) 3 3.81 1.81 .56 .4800 .360
.635 .709 11/16 (.6875) M18 (.7087) 3 4.03 1.81 .63 .5420 .406
.709 .760 3/4 (.7500) 3 4.25 2.00 .69 .5900 .442
.760 .823 13/16 (.8125) M20 (.7874) 3 4.47 2.00 .69 .6520 .489
.823 .885 7/8 (.8750) M22 (.8661) 3 4.69 2.22 .75 .6970 .523
.885 .948 15/16 (.9375) M24 (.9449) 3 4.91 2.22 .75 .7600 .570
.948 1.010 1 (1.0000) M25 (.9843) 3 5.13 2.50 .81 .8000 .600
1.010 1.073 1-1/16 (1.0625) M27 (1.0630) 3 5.13 2.50 .88 .8960 .672
1.073 1.135 1-1/8 (1.1250) 3 5.44 2.56 .88 .8960 .672
1.135 1.198 1-3/16 (1.1875) M30 (1.1811) 3 5.44 2.56 1.00 1.0210 .766
1.198 1.260 1-1/4 (1.2500) 3 5.75 2.56 1.00 1.0210 .766
1.260 1.323 1-5/16 (1.3125) M33 (1.2992) 3 5.75 2.56 1.06 1.1080 .831
1.323 1.385 1-3/8 (1.3750) 3 6.06 3.00 1.06 1.1080 .831
1.358 1.448 1-7/16 (1.4375) M36 (1.4173) 3 6.06 3.00 1.13 1.2330 .925
1.448 1.510 1-1/2 (1.5000) 3 6.38 3.00 1.13 1.2330 .925
1.510 1.635 1-5/8 (1.6250) M39 (1.5354) 3 6.69 3.19 1.13 1.3050 .979
1.635 1.760 1-3/4 (1.7500) M42 (1.6535) 3 7.00 3.19 1.25 1.4300 1.072
1.760 1.885 1-7/8 (1.8750) 3 7.31 3.56 1.25 1.5190 1.139
1.885 2.010 2 (2.0000) M48 (1.8898) 3 7.63 3.56 1.38 1.6440 1.233

(Continued)


48
Standard Tap Dimensions, Ground Thread
(Ref. USCTI Table 302-CONT.)
General Dimensions

Range - Inches Screw Fractional Metric Design Overall Thread Square Shank Size of
Size Diameter Diameter No. Length Length Length Diameter Square
Over To (Inc.) No. Inches Millimeters, (Inches) L l l2 d1 a
2.010 2.135 2 1/8 (2.1250) 3 8.00 3.56 1.38 1.7690 1.327
2.135 2.260 2 1/4 (2.2500) M56 (2.2047) 3 8.25 3.56 1.44 1.8940 1.420
2.260 2.385 2 3/8 (2.3750) 3 8.50 4.00 1.44 2.0190 1.514
2.385 2.510 2 1/2 (2.5000) 3 8.75 4.00 1.50 2.1000 1.575
2.510 2.635 2 5/8 (2.6250) M64 (2.5197) 3 8.75 4.00 1.50 2.2250 1.669
2.635 2.760 2 3/4 (2.7500) 3 9.25 4.00 1.56 2.3500 1.762
2.760 2.885 2 7/8 (2.8750) M72 (2.8346) 3 9.25 4.00 1.56 2.4750 1.856
2.885 3.010 3 (3.0000) 3 9.75 4.56 1.63 2.5430 1.907
3.010 3.135 3 1/8 (3.1250) 3 9.75 4.56 1.63 2.6680 2.001
3.135 3.260 3 1/4 (3.2500) M80 (3.1496) 3 10.00 4.56 1.75 2.7930 2.095
3.260 3.385 3 3/8 (3.3750) 3 10.00 4.56 1.75 2.8830 2.162
3.385 3.510 3 1/2 (3.5000) 3 10.25 4.94 2.00 3.0080 2.256
3.510 3.635 3 5/8 (3.6250) M90 (3.5433) 3 10.25 4.94 2.00 3.1330 2.350
3.635 3.760 3 3/4 (3.7500) 3 10.50 5.31 2.13 3.2170 2.413
3.760 3.885 3 7/8 (3.8750) 3 10.50 5.31 2.13 3.3420 2.506
3.885 4.010 4 (4.0000) M100 (3.9370) 3 10.75 5.31 2.25 3.4670 2.600

SPECIAL TAPS

Unless otherwise specified:

Special taps over 1.010" to 1.510" diameter inclusive, having 14 or more threads per inch or 1.75 millimeter pitch and finer,
and sizes over 1.510" diameter with 10 or more threads per inch or 2.5 millimeter pitch and finer, are made to general
dimensions shown in Table 303.

Special tap thread limits are determined by using the formulas shown in Table 331 for Unified Inch Screw Threads and Table
341 for Metric M-Profile Screw Threads.
NOTES
Tap sizes .395" and smaller have an external center on the thread end (may be removed on bottoming taps). Sizes .223" and
smaller have an external center on the shank end. Sizes .224" thru .395 have truncated partial cone centers on the shank end
l(length of cone approx. 1/4 of diameter of shank). Sizes over .395 have internal centers on both the thread and shank ends.

For standard thread limits and tolerances for Unified Inch Screw Threads see table 327 and for Metric Threads see Table 337.

For eccentricity tolerances of tap elements see Table 317.
Tolerances
Nominal Diameter
Element Range in Inches Direction Tolerance
Over To (Inc.) (Inches)
Length Overall - L .0520 1.0100 Plus or Minus .031
1.0100 4.0100 Plus or Minus .063
Length of Thread - l .0520 .2230 Plus or Minus .047
.2230 .5100 Plus or Minus .063
.5100 1.5100 Plus or Minus .094
1.5100 4.0100 Plus or Minus .125
Length of square - l2 .0520 1.0100 Plus or Minus .031
1.0100 4.0100 Plus or Minus .063
Diameter of shank - d1 .0520 .2230 Minus .0015
.2230 .6350 Minus .0015
.6350 1.0100 Minus .0020
1.0100 1.5100 Minus .0020
1.5100 2.0100 Minus .0030
2.0100 4.0100 Minus .0030
Size of square - a .0520 .5100 Minus .004
.5100 1.0100 Minus .006
1.0100 2.0100 Minus .008
2.0100 4.0100 Minus .010

49
Optional Neck and Optional Shortened Thread Length
Tap Dimensions, Ground Thread
General Dimensions
Range-Inches Screw Fractional Metric Design Overall Thread Neck Square Shank Size of
Size Diameter Diameter No. Length Length Length Length Diameter Square
Over To (Inc.) No. Inches Millimeters, (Inches) L l l1 l2 d1 a
.104 .117 4 (.1120) 1 1.88 .31 .25 .19 .1410 .110
.117 .130 5 (.1250) M3 (.1181) 1 1.94 .31 .31 .19 .1410 .110
.130 .145 6 (.1380) M3.5 (.1378) 1 2.00 .38 .31 .19 .1410 .110
.145 .171 8 (.1640) M4 (.1575) 1 2.13 .38 .38 .25 .1680 .131
.171 .197 10 (.1900) M4.5 (.1772), M5 (.1969) 1 2.38 .50 .38 .25 .1940 .152
.197 .223 12 (.2160) 1 2.38 .50 .44 .28 .2200 .165
.223 .260 1/4 (.2500) M6 (.2362) 2 2.50 .63 .38 .31 .2550 .191
.260 .323 5/16 (.3125) M7 (.2756), M8 (.3150) 2 2.72 .69 .44 .38 .3180 .238
.323 .395 3/8 (.3750) M10 (.3937) 2 2.94 .75 .50 .44 .3810 .286
.395 .448 7/16 (.4375) 3 3.16 .88 - .41 .3230 .242
.448 .510 1/2 (.5000) M12 (.4724) 3 3.38 .94 - .44 .3670 .275
.510 .573 9/16 (.5625) M14 (.5512) 3 3.59 1.00 - .50 .4290 .322
.573 .635 5/8 (.6250) M16 (.6299) 3 3.81 1.09 - .56 .4800 .360
.635 .709 11/16 (.6875) M18 (.7087) 3 4.03 1.09 - .63 .5420 .406
.709 .760 3/4 (.7500) 3 4.25 1.22 - .69 .5900 .442
.760 .823 13/16 (.8125) M20 (.7874) 3 4.47 1.22 - .69 .6520 .489
.823 .885 7/8 (.8750) M22 (.8661) 3 4.69 1.34 - .75 .6970 .523
.885 .948 15/16 (.9375) M24 (.9449) 3 4.91 1.34 - .75 .7600 .570
.948 1.010 1 (1.0000) M25 (.9843) 3 5.13 1.50 - .81 .8000 .600

NOTES

1.) Thread Length "l" is based on a length of 12 pitches of the UNC thread series.

2.) Thread Length "l" is a minimum value and has no tolerance.

3.) When Thread Length "l" is added to Neck Length "l
1
" the total shall be no less than the minimum Table 302
Thread Length "l".

4.) Unless otherwise specified, all tolerances are in accordance with Table 302.

5.) For eccentricity tolerances, see Table 317.

BLANK DESIGN 3 BLANK DESIGN 1
(L)
(l)
(a)
(L)
(l) (l )
2
d ) (
1
2
(l )
1
(l )
(L)
BLANK DESIGN 2
d (
1
)
)
1
(d
+.000
-.032
(a)

50
Special Fine Pitch Taps, Short Series, Ground Thread
Unless otherwise specified, special taps 1.010" to 1.510" diameter inclusive, having 14 or more threads per inch
or 1.75 millimeter pitch and finer, and sizes over 1.510" diameter with 10 or more threads per inch, or 2.5
millimeter pitch and finer, will be made to the general dimensions shown below:
General Dimensions
Nominal Diameter Nominal Nominal Tap Dimensions - Inches
Range - Inches Fractional Metric Overall Thread Square Shank Size of
Diameter Diameter Length Length Length Diameter Square
Over To (Incl.) Inches Millimeters L l l2 d1 a
1.010 1.073 1 1/16 M27 4.00 1.50 .88 .8960 .672
1.073 1.135 1 1/8 4.00 1.50 .88 .8960 .672
1.135 1.198 1 3/16 M30 4.00 1.50 1.00 1.0210 .766

1.198 1.260 1 1/4 4.00 1.50 1.00 1.0210 .766
1.260 1.323 1 5/16 M33 4.00 1.50 1.00 1.1080 .831
1.323 1.385 1 3/8 4.00 1.50 1.00 1.1080 .831

1.385 1.448 1 7/16 M36 4.00 1.50 1.00 1.2330 .925
1.448 1.510 1 1/2 4.00 1.50 1.00 1.2330 .925
1.510 1.635 1 5/8 M39 5.00 2.00 1.13 1.3050 .979

1.635 1.760 1 3/4 M42 5.00 2.00 1.25 1.4300 1.072
1.760 1.885 1 7/8 5.00 2.00 1.25 1.5190 1.139
1.885 2.010 2 M48 5.00 2.00 1.38 1.6440 1.233

2.010 2.135 2 1/8 5.25 2.00 1.38 1.7690 1.327
2.135 2.260 2 1/4 M56 5.25 2.00 1.44 1.8940 1.420
2.260 2.385 2 3/8 5.25 2.00 1.44 2.0190 1.514

2.385 2.510 2 1/2 5.25 2.00 1.50 2.1000 1.575
2.510 2.635 2 5/8 M64 5.50 2.00 1.50 2.1000 1.575
2.635 2.760 2 3/4 5.50 2.00 1.50 2.1000 1.575

2.760 2.885 2 7/8 M72 5.50 2.00 1.50 2.1000 1.575
2.885 3.010 3 5.50 2.00 1.50 2.1000 1.575
3.010 3.135 3 1/8 5.75 2.00 1.50 2.1000 1.575

3.135 3.260 3 1/4 M80 5.75 2.00 1.50 2.1000 1.575
3.260 3.385 3 3/8 5.75 2.00 1.50 2.1000 1.575
3.385 3.510 3 1/2 5.75 2.00 1.50 2.1000 1.575

3.510 3.635 3 5/8 M90 6.00 2.00 1.75 2.1000 1.575
3.635 3.760 3 3/8 6.00 2.00 1.75 2.1000 1.575
3.760 3.885 3 7/8 6.00 2.00 1.75 2.1000 1.575

3.885 4.010 4 M100 6.00 2.00 1.75 2.1000 1.575
Notes

For tolerances see Table 302.

For standard thread limits and tolerances for Unified Inch Screw Threads see Tables 327A.
For standard thread limits and tolerances for Metric Threads see Tables 337 and 341.

For eccentricity tolerances of tap elements see Table 317.

(L)
(l)
(a)
d ) (
1
2
(l )

51
Special Extension Taps, Ground Thread
(Ref. USCTI Table 303-A)
Unless otherwise specified, special extension taps will be furnished with dimensions and tolerances as shown for
Machine Screw and Fractional taps in Tables 302 and 303, and for Pipe taps in Table 311.

Exceptions:
(1) Types of centers are optional with manufacturer.
(2) Tolerances on shank diameter d1 for l4 length as shown in the following table.
(3) Shank eccentricity tolerance in Table 317 applies only to the l4 length shown in the following table.
(4) Length of Close Tolerance Shank, (L
4
) is minimum.

Nominal Tap Size Shank Nominal Tap Size Shank
Fractional Machine Pipe Length Fractional Pipe Length
Screw l4 l4
0 - 3 .88 1 1/2 3.00
4 1.00 1 5/8 3 3.13
5 - 6 1.13 1 3/4 3.13

8 1.25 1 7/8 3.25
10 - 12 1/16-1/8-1/4 1.38 2 3.25
1/4 14 1.50 2 1/8 3.38

5/16 1.56 2 1/4 3.38
3/8 1.63 2 3/8 3.50
7/16 3/8-1/2 1.69 2 1/2 3.50

1/2 1.69 2 5/8 3 1/2 3.63
9/16 3/4 1.88 2 3/4 3.63
5/8 1 2.00 2 7/8 3.75

11/16 2.13 3 3.75
3/4 1 1/4 2.25 3 1/8 3.88
13/16 1 1/2 2.38 3 1/4 3.88

7/8 2.50 3 3/8 4 4.00
15/16 2.63 3 1/2 4.00
1 2.63 3 5/8 4.13

1 1/8 2 2.75 3 3/4 4.13
1 1/4 2 1/2 2.88 3 7/8 4.25
1 3/8 3.00 4 4.25

Tolerances
For Shank Diameter, d1 for l4 length

Size Range Direction Tolerance
Fractional Machine Pipe
Screw
1/4 to 5/8 incl. 0 to 14 incl. 1/16 to 1/8 incl. Minus .003
11/16 to 1 1/2 incl. 1/4 to 1" incl. Minus .004
1 5/8 to 4" incl. 1 1/4 to 4" incl. Minus .006


(L)
(l)
(d
1
)
(l
2
)
(d
1
+ .031)
-

(l
4
)

52
Pulley Tap Dimensions, Ground Thread

General Dimensions
Nominal
Tap Dimensions - Inches
Fractional Overall Thread Neck Square Length of Shank Shank Size of
Diameter Length Length Length Length Close Tol. Section Diameter Square
Inches L l l1 l2 l4 d1 a
1/4 (.2500) 6,8 1.00 .38 .31 1.50 .2550 .191
5/16 (.3125) 6,8 1.13 .38 .38 1.56 .3180 .238
3/8 (.3750) 6,8,10 1.25 .38 .44 1.63 .3810 .286
7/16 (.4375) 6,8 1.44 .44 .50 1.69 .4440 .333
1/2 (.5000) 6,8,10,12 1.66 .50 .56 1.69 .5070 .380
5/8 (.6250) 6,8,10,12 1.81 .63 .69 2.00 .6330 .475
3/4 (.7500) 10,12 2.00 .75 .75 2.25 .7590 .569

Tolerances
Element Size Range Direction Tolerance
Overall Length - L 1/4 to 3/4 inc. Plus or Minus .063
Thread Length - l 1/4 to 3/4 inc. Plus or Minus .063
Neck Length - l1 1/4 to 3/4 inc. See Note - 1 See Note - 1
Square Length - l2 1/4 to 3/4 inc. Plus or Minus .031
Length of Shank (close tol.) - l4 1/4 to 3/4 inc. See Note - 2 See Note - 2
Shank Diameter - d1 1/4 to 3/4 inc. Minus .0050
Size of Square - a 1/4 to 1/2 inc. Minus .004
5/8 to 3/4 inc. Minus .006

NOTES
1) l1, (Neck Length); neck and its length is optional with manufacturer.
2) l4, (Length of Close Tolerance Shank) is minimum length which is held to eccentricity tolerances per Table 317.

GENERAL NOTES
a) These taps have an internal center in the thread end.
b) These taps are made to the H3 limits shown in Table 327.
c) For eccentricity tolerances of taps elements see Table 317.
d) d1, (Shank Diameter) is approximately the same as the maximum major diameter for that size.
e) a, (Size of Square) is equal to .75 X d1 to the nearest .001 inch.

(L)
(l)
(d )
1
2
(l )
(d
1
+.031)
)
4
(l )
(l )
1
(a)

53
Machine Screw and Fractional Size Taps For
Helical Coil Wire Screw Thread Inserts (STI)

BLANK DESIGN 2
(L)
(l)
2
l ) (
1
d ( )
BLANK DESIGN 1
(L)
(l) ( l )
2
)
1
d (
BLANK DESIGN 3
(L)
(l)
(a)
d ) (
1
2
( l )

These taps are oversize to the extent that the internal thread which they produce will accommodate a helical coil
screw thread insert, which at final assembly will accept a screw thread of the normal size and pitch.
Nominal Threads Blank Tap Dimensions----Inches Table
Size Per Inch Design Overall Thread Square Shank Size of 302 Blank
(STI) No. Length Length Length Diameter Square Equivalent
NC NF L l l2 d1 a (Ref.)
1 64 1 1.81 .50 .19 .1410 .110 No. 3
2 56 1 1.88 .56 .19 .1410 .110 No. 4
64 1 1.88 .56 .19 .1410 .110 No. 4
3 48 1 1.94 .63 .19 .1410 .110 No. 5
56 1 1.94 .63 .19 .1410 .110 No. 5
4 40 1 2.00 .69 .19 .1410 .110 No. 6
48 1 2.00 .69 .19 .1410 .110 No. 6
5 40 1 2.13 .75 .25 .1680 .131 No. 8
6 32 1 2.38 .88 .25 .1940 .152 No. 10
40 1 2.13 .75 .25 .1680 .131 No. 8
8 32 1 2.38 .94 .28 .2200 .165 No. 12
36 1 2.38 .94 .28 .2200 .165 No. 12
10 24 2 2.50 1.00 .31 .2550 .191 1/4
32 2 2.50 1.00 .31 .2550 .191 1/4
12 24 2 2.72 1.13 .38 .3180 .238 5/16
1/4 20 2 2.72 1.13 .38 .3180 .238 5/16
28 2 2.72 1.13 .38 .3180 .238 5/16
5/16 18 2 2.94 1.25 .44 .3810 .286 3/8
24 2 2.94 1.25 .44 .3810 .286 3/8

(continued)


54
Machine Screw and Fractional Size Taps For
(Ref. USCTI Table 322 Cont.)

BLANK DESIGN3 BLANK DESIGN1
(L)
(l)
(a)
BLANK DESIGN2
(L)
(l)
(L)
(l)
2
l ) ( ( l )
2
d ) (
1
2
( l )
1
d ( ) )
1
d (

These taps are oversize to the extent that the internal thread they produce, will accommodate a helical coil
Nominal Threads Blank Tap Dimensions----Inches Table
Size Per Inch Design Overall Thread Square Shank Size of 302 Blank
(STI) No. Length Length Length Diameter Square Equivalent
NC NF L l l2 d1 a (Ref.)
3/8 16 3 3.38 1.66 .44 .3670 .275 1/2
24 3 3.16 1.44 .41 .3230 .242 7/16
7/16 14 3 3.59 1.66 .50 .4290 .322 9/16
20 3 3.38 1.66 .44 .3670 .275 1/2
1/2 13 3 3.81 1.81 .56 .4800 .360 5/8
20 3 3.59 1.66 .50 .4290 .322 9/16
9/16 12 3 4.03 1.81 .63 .5420 .406 11/16
18 3 3.81 1.81 .56 .4800 .360 5/8
5/8 11 3 4.25 2.00 .69 .5900 .442 3/4
18 3 4.03 1.81 .63 .5420 .406 11/16
3/4 10 3 4.69 2.22 .75 .6970 .523 7/8
16 3 4.47 2.00 .69 .6520 .489 13/16
7/8 9 3 5.13 2.50 .81 .8000 .600 1"
14 3 5.13 2.50 .81 .8000 .600 1"
1" 8 3 5.75 2.56 1.00 1.0210 .766 1-1/4
12 3 5.44 2.56 .88 .8960 .672 1-1/8
14 NS 3 5.44 2.56 .88 .8960 .672 1-1/8
1-1/8 7 3 6.06 3.00 1.06 1.1080 .831 1-3/8
12 3 5.75 2.56 1.00 1.0210 .766 1-1/4
1-1/4 7 3 6.38 3.00 1.13 1.2330 .925 1-1/2
12 3 6.06 3.00 1.06 1.1080 .831 1-3/8
1-3/8 6 3 6.69 3.19 1.13 1.3050 .979 1-5/8
12 3 6.38 3.00 1.13 1.2330 .925 1-1/2
1-1/2 6 3 7.00 3.19 1.25 1.4300 1.072 1-3/4
12 3 6.69 3.19 1.13 1.3050 .979 1-5/8

(continued)


55
Metric Size Taps For
BLANK DESIGN 1
(L)
(l) ( l )
2
)
1
d (
BLANK DESIGN 2
(L)
(l)
2
l ) (
1
d ( )
BLANK DESIGN 3
(L)
(l)
(a)
d ) (
1
2
( l )

These taps are oversize to the extent that the internal thread they produce will accommodate a helical coil

Nominal Thread Blank Tap Dimensions----Inches Table
Size Pitch Design Overall Thread Square Shank Size of 302 Blank
(STI) (mm) No. Length Length Length Diameter Square Equivalent
L l l2 d1 a (Ref.)
M2.2 0.45 1 1.88 .56 .19 .1410 .110 No. 4
M2.5 0.45 1 1.94 .63 .19 .1410 .110 No. 5
M3 0.5 1 2.00 .69 .19 .1410 .110 No. 6
M3.5 0.6 1 2.13 .75 .25 .1680 .131 No. 8
M4 0.7 1 2.38 .88 .25 .1940 .152 No. 10
M5 0.8 2 2.50 1.00 .31 .2550 .191 1/4
M6 1 2 2.72 1.13 .38 .3180 .238 5/16
M7 1 2 2.94 1.25 .44 .3810 .286 3/8
M8 1.25 2 2.94 1.25 .44 .3810 .286 3/8
1 2 2.94 1.25 .44 .3810 .286 3/8
M10 1.5 3 3.38 1.66 .44 .3670 .275 1/2
1.25 3 3.38 1.66 .44 .3670 .275 1/2
1 3 3.16 1.44 .41 .3230 .242 7/16
M12 1.75 3 3.59 1.66 .50 .4290 .322 9/16
1.5 3 3.59 1.66 .50 .4290 .322 9/16
1.25 3 3.59 1.66 .50 .4290 .322 9/16
M14 2 3 4.03 1.81 .63 .5420 .406 11/16
1.5 3 3.81 1.81 .56 .4800 .360 5/8
M16 2 3 4.25 2.00 .69 .5900 .442 3/4
1.5 3 4.03 1.81 .63 .5420 .406 11/16
M18 2.5 3 4.69 2.22 .75 .6970 .523 7/8
2 3 4.47 2.00 .69 .6520 .489 13/16
1.5 3 4.47 2.00 .69 .6520 .489 13/16
M20 2.5 3 4.91 2.22 .75 .7600 .570 15/16
2 3 4.91 2.22 .75 .7600 .570 15/16
1.5 3 4.69 2.22 .75 .6970 .523 7/8

(continued)


56
Metric Size Taps For
(Ref. USCTI Table 322A Cont.)
These taps are oversize to the extent that the internal thread which they produce will accommodate a helical
coil screw thread insert, which at final assembly will accept a screw thread of the normal size and pitch.
Nominal Thread Blank Tap Dimensions----Inches Table
Size Pitch Design Overall Thread Square Shank Size of 302 Blank
(STI) (mm) No. Length Length Length Diameter Square Equivalent
L l l2 d1 a (Ref.)
M22 2.5 3 5.13 2.50 .81 .8000 .600 1"
2 3 5.13 2.50 .81 .8000 .600 1"
1.5 3 4.91 2.22 .75 .7600 .570 15/16
M24 3 3 5.44 2.56 .88 .8960 .672 1-1/8
2 3 5.13 2.50 .88 .8960 .672 1-1/16
M27 3 3 5.75 2.56 1.00 1.0210 .766 1-1/4
2 3 5.44 2.56 .88 .8960 .672 1-1/8
M30 3.5 3 6.06 3.00 1.06 1.1080 .831 1-3/8
2 3 5.75 2.56 1.00 1.0210 .766 1-1/4
M33 3.5 3 6.38 3.00 1.13 1.2330 .925 1-1/2
2 3 6.06 3.00 1.06 1.1080 .831 1-3/8
M36 4 3 6.69 3.19 1.13 1.3050 .979 1-5/8
3 3 6.69 3.19 1.13 1.3050 .979 1-5/8
2 3 6.69 3.19 1.13 1.3050 .979 1-5/8
M39 4 3 7.00 3.19 1.25 1.4300 1.072 1-3/4
3 3 7.00 3.19 1.25 1.4300 1.072 1-3/4
2 3 7.00 3.19 1.25 1.4300 1.072 1-3/4
Tolerances
Nominal (STI)
Element Size Range Direction Tolerance
From To (Inc.) (Inches)
Length Overall - L M2.2 M22 Plus or Minus .031
M24 M39 Plus or Minus .063
Length of Thread - l M22 M4 Plus or Minus .047
Length of square - l2 M2.2 M22 Plus or Minus .031
Diameter of shank - d1 M2.2 M12 Minus .0015
- M14X1.5 Minus .0015
- M14X2.0 Minus .0020
M16 M33 Minus .0020
M36 M39 Minus .0030
Size of square - a M2.2 M10 Minus .004
M12 M22 Minus .006
M24 M39 Minus .008
NOTES
For Optional necks, refer to Table 302A using dimensions for equivalent blank sizes.
Ground thread taps, STI sizes M8 and smaller, have external center on thread end. (May be removed on Bottoming Taps).
Ground thread taps, STI sizes No. M5 thru M8, will have an external partial cone center on the shank end, with
the length of the cone center approximately 1/4 of the diameter of shank.
Ground thread taps, STI sizes larger that M8, will have internal centers in both the thread and shank ends.
For standard thread limits and tolerances, see Table 323A.
For eccentricity tolerances of tap elements, refer to Table 317 using dimensions for equivalent blank sizes.

57
Tap Thread Limits

These taps are oversize to the extent that the internal thread which they produce will accommodate a
helical coil screw thread insert, which at final assembly will accept a screw thread of the normal size and pitch.
Machine Fractional Threads Tap Major Recommended Tap Pitch Diameter Limits
Screw
Size
Size Per Inch Diameter 2B 3B
(STI) (STI) NC NF Min. Max. H Limit Min. Max. H Limit Min. Max.
1 64 .0948 .0958 H2 .0837 .0842 H1 .0832 .0837
2 56 .1107 .1117 H2 .0981 .0986 H1 .0976 .0981
64 .1078 .1088 H2 .0967 .0972 H1 .0962 .0967
3 48 .1279 .1289 H2 .1131 .1136 H1 .1126 .1131
56 .1237 .1247 H2 .1111 .1116 H1 .1106 .1111
4 40 .1463 .1473 H2 .1288 .1293 H1 .1283 .1288
48 .1409 .1419 H2 .1261 .1266 H1 .1256 .1261
5 40 .1593 .1603 H2 .1418 .1423 H1 .1413 .1418
6 32 .1807 .1817 H3 .1593 .1598 H2 .1588 .1593
40 .1723 .1733 H2 .1548 .1553 H1 .1543 .1548
8 32 .2067 .2077 H3 .1853 .1858 H2 .1848 .1853
36 .2022 .2032 H2 .1826 .1831 H1 .1821 .1826
10 24 .2465 .2475 H3 .2180 .2185 H2 .2175 .2180
32 .2327 .2337 H3 .2113 .2118 H2 .2108 .2113
12 24 .2725 .2735 H3 .2440 .2445 H2 .2435 .2440
1/4 20 .3177 .3187 H3 .2835 .2840 H2 .2830 .2835
28 .2985 .2995 H3 .2742 .2747 H2 .2737 .2742
5/16 18 .3874 .3884 H4 .3501 .3506 H3 .3496 .3501
24 .3690 .3700 H3 .3405 .3410 H2 .3400 .3405
3/8 16 .4592 .4602 H4 .4171 .4176 H3 .4166 .4171
24 .4315 .4325 H3 .4030 .4035 H2 .4025 .4030

(Continued on following page)


58
Tap Thread Limits
(Ref. USCTI Table 323 Cont.)

These taps are oversize to the extent that the internal thread they produce will accommodate a
helical coil screw thread insert, which at final assembly will accept a screw thread of the normal
size and pitch.

Fractional Threads Tap Major Recommended Tap Pitch Diameter Limits
Size Per Inch Diameter 2B 3B
(STI) NC NF Min. Max. H Limit Min. Max. H Limit Min. Max.
7/16 14 .5333 .5343 H4 .4854 .4859 H3 .4849 .4854
20 .5052 .5062 H4 .4715 .4720 H3 .4710 .4715
1/2 13 .6032 .6042 H4 .5514 .5519 H3 .5509 .5514
20 .5677 .5687 H4 .5340 .5345 H3 .5335 .5340
9/16 12 .6741 .6751 H4 .6182 .6187 H3 .6177 .6182
18 .6374 .6384 H4 .6001 .6006 H3 .5996 .6001
5/8 11 .7467 .7477 H4 .6856 .6861 H3 .6851 .6856
18 .6999 .7009 H4 .6626 .6631 H3 .6621 .6626
3/4 10 .8835 .8850 H5 .8169 .8174 H3 .8159 .8164
16 .8342 .8352 H4 .7921 .7926 H3 .7916 .7921
7/8 9 1.0232 1.0247 H5 .9491 .9496 H3 .9481 .9486
14 .9708 .9718 H4 .9234 .9239 H3 .9224 .9229
1" 8 1.1666 1.1681 H6 1.0832 1.0842 H4 1.0822 1.0832
12 1.1116 1.1126 H6 1.0562 1.0572 H4 1.0552 1.0562
14 NS 1.0958 1.0968 H6 1.0484 1.0494 H4 1.0474 1.0484
1-1/8 7 1.3151 1.3171 H6 1.2198 1.2208 H4 1.2188 1.2198
12 1.2366 1.2376 H6 1.1812 1.1822 H4 1.1802 1.1812
1-1/4 7 1.4401 1.4421 H6 1.3448 1.3458 H4 1.3438 1.3448
12 1.3616 1.3626 H6 1.3062 1.3072 H4 1.3052 1.3062
1-3/8 6 1.5962 1.5982 H8 1.4862 1.4872 H6 1.4852 1.4862
12 1.4866 1.4876 H6 1.4312 1.4322 H4 1.4302 1.4312
1-1/2 6 1.7212 1.7232 H8 1.6112 1.6122 H6 1.6102 1.6112
12 1.6116 1.6126 H6 1.5562 1.5572 H4 1.5552 1.5562

NOTES

STI basic thread dimensions are determined by adding twice the single thread height
(2 X .64952 X P) to the basic dimensions of the nominal thread size.

Formulas for Major and Pitch Diameters can be found in MIL-T-21309E.
USCTI 2000. All rights reserved

59
Tap Thread Limits (in mm)



These taps are oversize to the extent that the internal thread which they produce will accommodate a helical coil

Metric Tap Major Recommended Tap Pitch Diameter Limits (mm)
Size Pitch Diameter (mm) Tolerance Class 4H Tolerance Class 5H and 6H
(STI) mm Min. Max. H Limit Max. Min. H Limit Max. Min.
M2.5 0.45 3.147 3.122 1 2.807 2.794 2 2.819 2.807
M3 0.5 3.716 3.691 1 3.338 3.325 2 3.350 3.338
M3.5 0.6 4.354 4.328 1 3.904 3.891 2 3.917 3.904
M4 0.7 5.006 4.966 2 4.481 4.468 3 4.493 4.481
M5 0.8 6.142 6.104 2 5.547 5.535 3 5.555 5.547
M6 1 7.422 7.381 2 6.678 6.665 3 6.690 6.678
M7 1 8.423 8.382 2 7.676 7.663 3 7.689 7.676
M8 1 9.423 9.383 2 8.677 8.664 3 8.689 8.677
1.25 9.787 9.723 2 8.839 8.827 3 8.852 8.839
M10 1 11.422 11.382 2 10.676 10.663 3 10.688 10.676
1.25 11.788 11.725 2 10.838 10.825 3 10.851 10.838
1.5 12.131 12.068 3 11.013 11.001 4 11.026 11.013
M12 1.25 13.787 13.724 3 12.850 12.837 4 12.863 12.850
1.5 14.133 14.069 3 13.012 13.000 4 13.025 13.012
1.75 14.478 14.415 3 13.175 13.162 4 13.188 13.175
M14 1.5 16.132 16.068 3 15.014 15.001 4 15.027 15.014
2 16.822 16.759 3 15.339 15.326 5 15.364 15.352
M16 1.5 18.133 18.070 3 17.013 17.000 4 17.026 17.013
2 18.821 18.758 3 17.338 17.325 5 17.363 17.351
M18 1.5 20.132 20.069 3 19.012 18.999 4 19.025 19.012
2 20.823 20.759 3 19.337 19.324 5 19.362 19.350
2.5 21.514 21.450 3 19.662 19.649 5 19.688 19.675
M20 1.5 22.131 22.068 3 21.013 21.001 4 21.026 21.013
2 22.822 22.758 3 21.339 21.326 5 21.364 21.351
2.5 23.513 23.449 3 21.664 21.651 5 21.689 21.676
M22 1.5 24.130 24.067 3 23.012 23.000 4 23.025 23.012
2 24.823 24.760 3 23.338 23.325 5 23.363 23.350
2.5 25.512 25.448 3 23.663 23.650 5 23.688 23.675
M24 2 26.820 26.756 4 25.352 25.326 6 25.377 25.352
3 28.237 28.138 4 25.999 25.974 6 26.025 25.999
M27 2 29.822 29.759 4 28.351 28.326 6 28.377 28.351
3 31.237 31.138 4 28.999 28.974 6 29.025 28.999
M30 2 32.822 32.758 4 31.351 31.326 6 31.377 31.351
3.5 34.925 34.826 4 32.324 32.299 6 32.349 32.324
M33 2 35.822 35.758 4 34.354 34.328 6 34.379 34.354
3.5 37.925 37.826 4 35.324 35.298 6 35.349 35.324
M36 2 38.821 38.758 4 37.353 37.328 6 37.379 37.353
3 40.236 40.137 6 38.026 38.001 8 38.052 38.026
4 41.615 41.516 6 38.674 38.649 8 38.699 38.674
M39 2 41.821 41.758 4 40.353 40.328 6 40.378 40.353
3 43.236 43.137 6 41.026 41.001 8 41.051 41.026
4 44.615 44.516 6 41.674 41.648 8 41.699 41.674

NOTES
STI basic thread dimensions are determined by adding twice the single thread height (2 X .64952 X P) to the basic dimensions
of the nominal thread size.



60
Tap Thread Limits (in inches)

These taps are oversize to the extent that the internal thread which they produce will accommodate a helical
coil screw thread insert, which at final assembly will accept a screw thread of the normal size and pitch.
Recommended Tap Pitch Diameter Limits (inch) Tap Major
Diameter (inch)
Tolerance Class 4H Tolerance Class 5H and 6H
Metric
Size
(STI)
Pitch
mm
Min. Max. H Limit Max. Min. H Limit Max. Min.
M2.5 0.45 .1239 .1229 1 .1105 .1100 2 .1110 .1105
M3 0.5 .1463 .1453 1 .1314 .1309 2 .1319 .1314
M3.5 0.6 .1714 .1704 1 .1537 .1532 2 .1542 .1537
M4 0.7 .1971 .1955 2 .1764 .1759 3 .1769 .1764
M5 0.8 .2418 .2403 2 .2184 .2179 3 .2187 .2184
M6 1 .2922 .2906 2 .2629 .2624 3 .2634 .2629
M7 1 .3316 .3300 2 .3022 .3017 3 .3027 .3022
M8 1 .3710 .3694 2 .3416 .3411 3 .3421 .3416
1.25 .3853 .3828 2 .3480 .3475 3 .3485 .3480
M10 1 .4497 .4481 2 .4203 .4198 3 .4208 .4203
1.25 .4641 .4616 2 .4267 .4262 3 .4272 .4267
1.5 .4776 .4751 3 .4336 .4331 4 .4341 .4336
M12 1.25 .5428 .5403 3 .5059 .5054 4 .5064 .5059
1.5 .5564 .5539 3 .5123 .5118 4 .5128 .5123
1.75 .5700 .5675 3 .5187 .5182 4 .5192 .5187
M14 1.5 .6351 .6326 3 .5911 .5906 4 .5916 .5911
2 .6623 .6598 3 .6039 .6034 5 .6049 .6044
M16 1.5 .7139 .7114 3 .6698 .6693 4 .6703 .6698
2 .7410 .7385 3 .6826 .6821 5 .6836 .6831
M18 1.5 .7926 .7901 3 .7485 .7480 4 .7490 .7485
2 .8198 .8173 3 .7613 .7608 5 .7623 .7618
2.5 .8470 .8445 3 .7741 .7736 5 .7751 .7746
M20 1.5 .8713 .8688 3 .8273 .8268 4 .8278 .8273
2 .8985 .8960 3 .8401 .8396 5 .8411 .8406
2.5 .9257 .9232 3 .8529 .8524 5 .8539 .8534
M22 1.5 .9500 .9475 3 .9060 .9055 4 .9065 .9060
2 .9773 .9748 3 .9188 .9183 5 .9198 .9193
2.5 1.0044 1.0019 3 .9316 .9311 5 .9326 .9321
M24 2 1.0559 1.0534 4 .9981 .9971 6 .9991 .9981
3 1.1117 1.1078 4 1.0236 1.0226 6 1.0246 1.0236
M27 2 1.1741 1.1716 4 1.1162 1.1152 6 1.1172 1.1162
3 1.2298 1.2259 4 1.1417 1.1407 6 1.1427 1.1417
M30 2 1.2922 1.2897 4 1.2343 1.2333 6 1.2353 1.2343
3.5 1.3750 1.3711 4 1.2726 1.2716 6 1.2736 1.2726
M33 2 1.4103 1.4078 4 1.3525 1.3515 6 1.3535 1.3525
3.5 1.4931 1.4892 4 1.3907 1.3897 6 1.3917 1.3907
M36 2 1.5284 1.5259 4 1.4706 1.4696 6 1.4716 1.4706
3 1.5841 1.5802 6 1.4971 1.4961 8 1.4981 1.4971
4 1.6384 1.6345 6 1.5226 1.5216 8 1.5236 1.5226
M39 2 1.6465 1.6440 4 1.5887 1.5877 6 1.5897 1.5887
3 1.7022 1.6983 6 1.6152 1.6142 8 1.6162 1.6152
4 1.7565 1.7526 6 1.6407 1.6397 8 1.6417 1.6407

NOTES
STI basic thread dimensions are determined by adding twice the single thread height (2 X .64952 X P) to the
basic dimensions of the nominal thread size.



61
Eccentricity Tolerances of Tap Elements
When Tested on Dead Centers

Applicable to Tables 302,303,303A,and 311

* t.i.v. = Total indicator variation. Figures are given for both eccentricity and total indicator
variation to avoid misunderstanding.

** Chamfer should preferably be inspected by light projection to avoid errors due to
indicator contact points dropping into the thread grooves.

Inch &
Mach. Screw
Pipe Metric
Eccen-
tricity
t.i.v.*
#0 - 1/2" 1/16 - 1/8" M1.6 - M12 .0030 .0060
Over 1/2"
thru 4"
1/4 - 4" Over M12
Thru M100
.0040 .0080
#0 - 5/16" 1/16" M1.6 - M8 .0005 .0010
Over 5/16"
thru 4"
1/8 - 4" Over M8
thru M100
.0008 .0016
#0 - 5/16" 1/16" M1.6 - M8 .0005 .0010
Over 5/16"
thru 4"
1/8 - 4" Over M8
thru M100
.0008 .0016
#0 - 1/2" 1/16" M1.6 - M8 .0005 .0010
Over 1/2"
thru 4"
1/8 - 4" Over M8
thru M100
.0008 .0016
#0 - 1/2" 1/16 - 1/8" M1.6 - M12 .0010 .0020
Over 1/2"
thru 4"
1/4 - 4" Over M12
Thru M100
.0015 .0030
Range Ground Thread
Element
Chamfer**
Square (at central point)
Shank
Major Diameter
Pitch Diameter
(at first full thread)

62
Standard Pipe Tap Dimensions
Straight and Taper, Ground Thread

General Dimensions
Dimensions - Inches
Nominal Length Length Length Dia. Size Length
Size Overall of of of of Optional
Inches Thread Square Shank Square Neck
L l l2 d1 a l1
1/16 2.13 .69 .38 .3125 .234 .375
1/8 2.13 .75 .38 .3125 .234 ...
1/8 2.13 .75 .38 .4375 .328 .375

1/4 2.44 1.06 .44 .5625 .421 .375
3/8 2.56 1.06 .50 .7000 .531 .375
1/2 3.13 1.38 .63 .6875 .515 ...

3/4 3.25 1.38 .69 .9063 .679 ...
1" 3.75 1.75 .81 1.1250 .843 ...
1-1/4 4.00 1.75 .94 1.3125 .984 ...

1-1/2 4.25 1.75 1.00 1.5000 1.125 ...
2" 4.25 1.75 1.13 1.8750 1.406 ...
2-1/2 5.50 2.56 1.25 2.2500 1.687 ...

3" 6.00 2.63 1.38 2.6250 1.968 ...
3-1/2 6.50 2.69 1.50 2.8125 2.108 ...
4" 6.75 2.75 1.56 3.0000 2.250 ...

Tolerances
Element Range Direction Tolerance
Length Overall L 1/16 to 3/4 inc. Plus or Minus .031
1" to 4" inc. Plus or Minus .063

Length of Thread l 1/16 to 3/4 inc. Plus or Minus .063
1" to 1-1/4 inc. Plus or Minus .094
1-1/2 to 4" Plus or Minus .125

Length of Square - l2 1/16 to 3/4 inc. Plus or Minus .031
1" to 4" inc. Plus or Minus .063

Diameter of Shank - 1/16 to 1/8 Minus .0015
1/4 to 1" inc. Minus .0020
1-1/4 to 4" inc. Minus .0030

Size of Square a 1/16 to 1/8 Minus .004
1/4 to 3/4 inc. Minus .006
1" to 4" inc. Minus .008

Note
For thread limits and tolerances see Tables 335,335A and 338.
For eccentricity tolerances of taps see Table 317.


(l)
(l
1
)
(L)
(l
2
)
(d
1
)
(a)
(L)
(l)
(l)
(L)
(l
2
)
(d
1
) (d
1
)
(l
2
)

63
Straight Pipe Taps - NPS, Thread Limits, Ground Thread

American National Standard Straight Pipe Thread Form (NPSC)(NPSM)

Angle Tolerance
Lead Tolerance
A maximum lead deviation of plus or minus .0005" within
any two threads not farther apart than 1" is permitted.

Formulae for NPS Ground Thread Taps

The maximum Pitch Diameter of a tap is based upon an allowance deducted from the maximum product pitch diameter of NPSC
or NPSM, whichever is smaller. The minimum Pitch Diameter of a tap is derived by subtracting the ground thread pitch diameter
tolerance for actual equivalent size as shown in Table 331, Column D.

Note: Taps made to the specifications in Table 335 are marked NPS, and may be used for NPSC and NPSM

Minimum
G
Maximum
H
1/8 H - .0010 K + A - .0010
1/4 to 3/4 incl. H - .0010 K + A - .0020
1 to 4 Incl H - .0015 K + A - .0021
M - B
M - B
M - B
Nominal
Size
Inches
Major Diameter Minor Diameter
Maximum
Plug at
Gaging
Notch
Minimum
G
Maximum
H
Plug at
Gaging
Notch
Minimum
K
Maximum
1/8 27 .3983 .4022 .4032 .3736 .3746 .3751
1/4 18 .5286 .5347 .5357 .4916 .4933 .4938
3/8 18 .6640 .6701 .6711 .6270 .6287 .6292
1/2 14 .8260 .8347 .8357 .7784 .7806 .7811
3/4 14 1.0364 1.0447 1.0457 .9889 .9906 .9916
1 11 1/2 1.2966 1.3206 1.3077 1.2386 1.2402 1.2412
1 1/4 11 1/2 1.6413 1.6507 1.6522 1.5834 1.5847 1.5862
1 1/2 11 1/2 1.8803 1.8897 1.8912 1.8223 1.8237 1.8252
2 11 1/2 2.3542 2.3639 2.3654 2.2963 2.2979 2.2994
2 1/2 8 2.8454 2.8604 2.8619 2.7622 2.764 2.7660
3 8 3.4718 3.4868 3.4883 3.3885 3.3904 3.3924
3 1/2 8 3.9721 3.9872 3.9887 3.8888 3.8908 3.8928
4 8 4.4704 4.4855 4.4870 4.3871 4.3891 4.3911
Nominal
Size
Inches
Threads
per
Inch
Major Diameter Pitch Diameter
11 1/2 to 27 incl. 30' Plus or Minus
Threads per inch Deviation in Half Angle
8 25' Plus or Minus
Threads
per Inch
A B M
27 .0296 .0257
18 .0444 .0401
14 .0571 .0525
11 1/2 .0696 .0647
8 .1000 .0946
Formulae Values
Actual
measured
Pitch
Diameter

64
Straight Pipe Taps - NPSF, Thread Limits, Ground Thread
(Ref. USCTI Table 335-A)

Dryseal American National Standard Straight Pipe Thread Form (NPSF)

*As specified or sharper.

Angle Tolerance Lead Tolerance
A maximum lead deviation of plus or minus .0005" within
any two threads not farther apart than 1" is permitted.

Formulae for NPSF Ground Thread Taps

Formulae Values

11 1/2 to 27 incl. 30' plus or minus
1/16 H -.0010 K + Q - .0005 L - .0005 E-F M-Q
1/8 H -.0010 K + Q - .0005 L - .0005 E-F M-Q
1/4 H -.0010 K + Q - .0005 L - .0005 E-F M-Q
3/8 H -.0010 K + Q - .0005 L - .0005 E-F M-Q
1/2 H -.0010 K + Q - .0005 L - .0005 E-F M-Q
3/4 H -.0010 K + Q - .0005 L - .0005 E-F M-Q
1 H -.0010 K + Q - .0010 L - .0010 E-F M-Q
Nominal
Size
Inches
Pitch Diameter
Maximum
Minor
Diam.
Major Diameter
Minimum
G
Maximum
H
Minimum
K
Maximum
L
27 .0035 .0251
18 .0052 .0395
14 .0067 .0533
11 1/2 .0081 .0649
Pitch diameter
of plug at
gaging notch
Actual measured
pitch diameter
Threads
per Inch
E F M Q
1/16 27 .3008 .3018 .2812 .2772 .2777 .004
1/8 27 .3932 .3942 .3736 .3696 .3701 .004
1/4 18 .5239 .5249 .4916 .4859 .4864 .005
3/8 18 .6593 .6603 .6270 .6213 .6218 .005
1/2 14 .8230 .8240 .7784 .7712 .7717 .005
3/4 14 1.0335 1.0345 .9889 .9817 .9822 .005
1 11 1/2 1.2933 1.2943 1.2386 1.2295 1.2305 .006
Minor*
Diam.
Flat
Max.
Nominal
Size
Inches
Threads
per
inch
Major Diameter Pitch Diameter
Minimum
G
Maximum
H
Minimum
K
Maximum
L
Plug at
Gaging
Notch
E

65
Taper Pipe Tap, Thread Limits, Ground Thread

American National Standard Taper Pipe Thread Form (NPT)
Aeronautical National Taper Pipe Thread Form (ANPT)
Dryseal American National Standard Taper Pipe Thread Form (NPTF)

PROJECTION

Tap Thread Limits Reference Dimensions
Nominal Threads Projection* Projection Taper Per Foot L
1
Tap Drill Size **
Size per Inches Tolerance Limits Length NPT,ANPT,NPTF
Inches Inch + or - Minimum Maximum
1/16 27 .312 .063 .719 .781 .160 C
1/8 27 .312 .063 .719 .781 .1615 Q
1/4 18 .459 .063 .719 .781 .2278 7/16

3/8 18 .454 .063 .719 .781 .240 9/16
1/2 14 .579 .063 .719 .781 .320 45/64
3/4 14 .565 .063 .719 .781 .339 29/32

1" 11-1/2 .678 .094 .719 .781 .400 1-9/64
1-1/4 11-1/2 .686 .094 .719 .781 .420 1-31/64
1-1/2 11-1/2 .699 .094 .719 .781 .420 1-23/32

2" 11-1/2 .667 .094 .719 .781 .436 2-3/16
2-1/2 8 .925 .094 .734 .781 .682 2-39/64
3" 8 .925 .094 .734 .781 .766 3-15/64

3-1/2 8 .938 .125 .734 .781 .821 ......
4 8 .950 .125 .734 .781 .844 ......

Note

* Distance small end of tap projects through L1 Taper Thread Ring Gage.
** Recommended size given permit direct tapping without reaming the hole, but only give a full thread
for approx. the L1 length.

Lead Tolerance

A maximum lead deviation of plus or minus .0005 within any two threads not farther than 1 is permitted.



66
Taper Pipe Tap, Thread Limits, Ground Thread, Cont.

American National Standard Taper Pipe Thread Form (NPT)
Aeronautical National Taper Pipe Thread Form (ANPT)
Dryseal American National Standard Taper Pipe Thread Form (NPTF)

Angle Tolerance

Threads per Inch Tolerance Half Angle
8 25' Plus or Minus
11-1/2 to 27 inc. 30' Plus or Minus

Width of Flat at Tap Crest and Root

Threads Tap Flat
Per Width NPT & ANPT * NPTF **
Inch at Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum
27 Major Dia. .0014 .0041 .0040 .0055
Minor Dia. - .0041 - .0040
18 Major Dia. .0021 .0057 .0050 .0065
Minor Dia. - .0057 - .0050
14 Major Dia. .0027 .0064 .0050 .0065
Minor Dia. - .0064 - .0050
11 1/2 Major Dia. .0033 .0073 .0060 .0083
Minor Dia. - .0073 - .0060
8 Major Dia. .0048 .0090 .0080 .0103
Minor Dia. - .0090 - .0080

Note:

Minimum minor diameter flats are not specified and may be as sharp as practicable.
* Ground thread taps are marked NPT and may be used for NPT and ANPT applications.
**Ground thread taps are marked NPTF and are used for Dryseal applications.


67
Standards Taps

Table 357
Taper Pipe Threads

Crest and Root Limits for American National Standard
External and Internal Taper Pipe Threads (NPT)

For complete specification see American National Standard B1.20.3

Military Aeronautical Specification MIL-P-7105 for ANPT threads agrees with values given in this
table.


H h Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum
27 .03208 .02963 .0012 .0036 .0014 .0041
18 .04811 .04444 .0018 .0049 .0021 .0057
14 .06186 .05714 .0024 .0056 .0027 .0064
11.5 .07531 .06957 .0029 .0063 .0033 .0073
8 .10825 .10000 .0041 .0078 .0048 .0090
Threads
Per
Inch
Height
Sharp
V Thread Inches
Height Pipe
Thread
"Max"
Inches
Equivalent
Width of Flat
Truncation
Inches
Inches
Max.
Truncation
Internal Thread
Root
External Thread
Max. h
H
Max.
Truncation
Min.
Truncation
Crest
Min.Flat
Width
Max.Flat
Width
Min.
Truncation
Max.Flat
Width
Min.Flat
Width

68

Table 357 (continued)
Taper Pipe Threads

2
Vanish Threads due to
Chamfer on Die
Taper of Thread 1/16" per 1" measured on
diameter
L V
3 L L1
30 30
Pitch Line
p
E E
90
E E
3 0
1 2 D1
D
2
0 0
0
Axis

n = number of threads per inch
p = Pitch
D
1
= outside diameter of pipe
E
0
= pitch diameter at small end of external thread
E
1
= pitch diameter at large end of internal thread
E
2
= pitch diameter at large end of external thread
E
3
= pitch diameter at small end of internal thread
L
1
= normal engagement by hand between external and internal threads
L
2
= length of full thread
L
3
= 3p
D
2
= outside diameter of fitting
V = vanish threads due to chamfer on die



69

Table 357 (continued)
Taper Pipe Threads

a = External thread tabulated full thread lengths include chamfers not exceeding one pitch
(thread) length


1/16-27 .03704 .27118 .28118 .28750 .2642 .1600 4.32 .2611 7.05 .315 .3125
1/8-27 .03704 .36351 .37360 .38000 .3566 .1615 4.36 .2639 7.12 .407 .4050
1/4-18 .05556 .47739 .49163 .50250 .4670 .2278 4.10 .4018 7.23 .546 .5400
3/8-18 .05556 .61201 .62701 .63750 .6016 .2400 4.32 .4078 7.34 .681 .6750
1/2-14 .07143 .75843 .77843 .79179 .7451 .3200 4.48 .5337 7.47 .850 .8400
3/4-14 .07143 .96768 .98887 1.00179 .9543 .3390 4.75 .5457 7.64 1.060 1.0500
1"-11.5 .08696 1.21363 1.23863 1.25630 1.1973 .4000 4.60 .6828 7.85 1.327 1.3150
1,1/4-11.5 .08696 1.55713 1.58338 1.60130 1.5408 .4200 4.83 .7068 8.13 1.672 1.6600
1,1/2-11.5 .08696 1.79609 1.82234 1.84130 1.7798 .4200 4.83 .7235 8.52 1.912 1.9000
2"-11.5 .08696 2.26902 2.29627 2.31630 2.2527 .4360 5.01 .7565 8.70 2.387 2.3750
2,1/2-8 .12500 2.71953 2.76216 2.79062 2.6961 .6820 5.46 1.1375 9.10 2.893 2.8750
3"-8 .12500 3.34062 3.38850 3.41562 3.3172 .7660 6.13 1.2000 9.60 3.518 3.5000
Size
Pitch
(p)
O.D.
Of
Fitting
(D
2
)
O.D.
Of
Pipe
(D
1
)
PD at
Large
End of
Int.
Thread
(E
1
)
PD at
Small
End of
Ext.
Thread
(E
0
)
Length of
Full Thread
(L
2
)a
Hand
Engagement
(L
1
)
PD at
Small
End of
Int.
Thread
(E
3
)
PD at
Large
End of
Ext.
Thread
(E
2
)

70

Table 357
Taper Pipe Threads

Crest and Root Limits for Dryseal
External and Internal Taper Pipe Threads (NPTF)

H Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum
27 .03208 Crest .0017 .0035 .0020 .0040
Root .0035 .0052 .0040 .0060
18 .04811 Crest .0026 .0043 .0030 .0050
Root .0043 .0061 .0050 .0070
14 .06180 Crest .0026 .0043 .0030 .0050
Root .0043 .0061 .0050 .0070
11.5 .07531 Crest .0035 .0052 .0040 .0060
Root .0052 .0078 .0060 .0090
8 .10825 Crest .0052 .0069 .0060 .0080
Root .0069 .0095 .0080 .0110
Equivalent
Width of Flat
Inches
Truncation
Inches
Height
Sharp V
Thread
Inches
Threads
per
Inch
Max.
Truncation
Internal Thread
Root
External Thread
Max. h
H
Max.
Truncation
Min.
Truncation
Crest
Min.Flat
Width
Max.Flat
Width
Min.
Truncation
Max.Flat
Width
Min.Flat
Width

71
Bent Shank Tapper Taps
Sectional Solder Type For
MAS-14 & MAS-20 Nutap Tappers

SIZES 5/16 AND SMALLER
(l)
(L)
(F)
(J)
SIZES 3/8 AND LARGER
(l)
(d
1
)
(J)
(L)
(d
2
)
(F)
(d
1
)
(d
2
)
.063
.063
+.000
-.004
-.0020
-.0030
.031
.063
.031
.063
-.0020
-.0030

Diameter Threads Dimensions (inches)
of Tap Per Inch
in inches NC NF L l d
2
d
1
F J
1/4 20 2.56 1.13 .1250 .185 1.00 1.56
28 2.53 .81 .1250 .204 1.00 1.53
5/16 18 2.94 1.25 .1725 .240 1.19 1.75
24 2.94 .94 .1725 .258 1.19 1.75
3/8 16 3.50 1.38 .2145 .294 1.50 2.00
24 3.38 .94 .2145 .321 1.50 1.88
7/16 14 3.69 1.63 .2625 .345 1.50 2.19
20 3.50 1.13 .2625 .373 1.50 2.00
1/2 13 4.22 1.75 .3090 .400 1.53 2.69
20 3.66 1.13 .3090 .435 1.53 2.13
9/16 12 4.53 1.88 .3440 .454 1.53 3.00
18 3.84 1.25 .3440 .490 1.53 2.31
5/8 11 4.75 2.06 .4050 .507 1.63 3.13
18 4.06 1.25 .4050 .553 1.63 2.44
3/4 10 5.00 2.25 .4670 .620 1.63 3.38
16 4.38 1.38 .4670 .669 1.63 2.75

Threads Tolerance on Thread
Per Inch Length (Inches)
10 through 12 +/- .094
13 through 15 +/- .078
16 through 18 +/- .063
19 through 26 +/- .047
27 through 40 +/- .031


72

Bent Shank Tapper Taps
Sectional Solder Type For
MAS-14 & MAS-20 Nutap Tappers
Diameter Pitch Dimensions (inches)
of Tap mm
mm L l d
2
d
1
F J
M6 1 2.53 .88 .1250 .185 1.00 1.53
M8 1.25 2.94 1.13 .1725 .251 1.19 1.75
M10 1.5 3.38 1.31 .2145 .317 1.50 1.88
M12 1.75 4.22 1.56 .3090 .383 1.53 2.69
M14 2 4.53 1.75 .3440 .449 1.53 3.00
M16 2 4.75 1.75 .4050 .528 1.63 3.13
M20 2.5 5.00 2.25 .4670 .660 1.63 3.38
Pitch Tolerance on Thread
mm Length (Inches) "l"
2.5 +/- .09
1.75 - 2 +/- .08
1.5 +/- .06
1 - 1.25 +/- .05
0.6 - 0.9 +/- .03
SIZES 5/16 AND SMALLER
(l)
(L)
(F)
(J)
SIZES 3/8 AND LARGER
(l)
(d
1
)
(J)
(L)
(d
2
)
(F)
(d
1
)
(d
2
)
.063
.063
+.000
-.004
-.0020
-.0030
.031
.063
.031
.063
-.0020
-.0030

73
Standard Chamfers for Thread Cutting Taps
The chamfer length is measured at the cutting edge and is the axial length from the point diameter to
the theoretical intersection of the tap major diameter and the chamfer angle. Wherever chamfer length
is specified in terms of number of threads, this length is measured in number of pitches as shown. The
point diameter is approximately equal to the thread minor diameter. Standard types are illustrated
below where:
a = minimum length of chamfer
b = maximum length of chamfer
p = pitch
Refer to table 317 for eccentricity
tolerances.

Standard Entry Taper Length for Thread Forming Taps
(Ref.USCTI Table 359A)

Entry taper length is measured on the full diameter of the thread forming lobes and is the axial distance
from the entry taper diameter position to the theoretical intersection of tap major diameter and entry
taper angle.
Beveled end threads provided on taps having internal center or incomplete threads retained when
external center is removed (not shown), optional with manufacturer.
Whenever entry taper length is specified in terms of number of threads, this length is measured in
number of pitches (p).
Bottoming length = 1 to 2 pitches
Plug length = 3 to 5 pitches.
Entry diameter measured at the thread crest nearest the front of the tap is an appropriate amount
smaller than the diameter of the hole drilled for tapping.
Point
Diameter
Straight Thread Taps
p
b
a
Taper Pipe Taps
Point
Diameter
p
b
a
p
Entry
Taper
Length
Overall & thread lengths
Entry Diameter
2
Entry Taper Angle
a b
Bottoming 1p 2p
Semi Bottoming 2p 3p
3p 5p
7p 10p
2 3 p
Type of Tap
Chamfer Length
Taper Pipe Taps
Straight Thread Taps
Plug
Taper

USCTI

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