1Possible answer

Photos 1 and 4 are similar because they show

people at work. However, in photo 1 we see a
man and a woman fulfilling traditional roles
the man is the boss and the woman is the
secretary. In photo 4 we see men and women
working on equal terms.
Reading p10
2 Possible answer
A single-sex crew might miss the company of the
opposite sex and the distractions they can bring.
3Possible answer
In the text, John Moore thinks mixed-sex crews
could have families which would make space
travel easier to tolerate.
Multiple choice
3Key
1 C 4 A
2 D 5 B
3 C
Over to you
Possible answers
Suitable people: doctors, nurses, midwives,
teachers, builders, farmers, scientists, etc.
Personal qualities: determination, bravery, sense
of adventure, sense of humour, ability to work as
ateam, etc.
Group nouns
4Key
a class d staff
b jury e audience
c team f crowd
Examples of other group nouns: family, group,
orchestra, couple.
Grammar and practice p12
Talking about the future
1Key
a 4 e 6
b 1 f 3
c 5 g 2
d 7
2Key
1 break up
2 re having
3 re starting
4 re going to get up
5 leaves
6 ll stop
7 re going to drive
8 will take
9 ll probably go
10 re going to catch
11 ll send
12 Are you doing
3Possible answers
a Im going to ask them to tell the truth.
b Im afraid Im visiting relatives in the holidays.
c Ill put up the decorations and Ill select some
music, if you like.
d Ill be twenty-one.
e Ill probably be married.
f Tomorrow is going to be icy.
Future continuous and future perfect
4Key
a 2 b 3 c 1

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The sexes 1
U N I T
1
5Possible answers
a This time next week Ill be sitting on the
beach.
b By this time next year Ill have finished my
exams.
c This time next year Ill be living in Spain.
d In five years time Ill have started my own
company.
Cloze
6Key
1 by 9 who
2 is 10 to
3 that 11 are
4 on 12 still / can
5 than 13 It
6 been 14 down
7 to 15 never / not
8 far
Vocabulary p14
Lead in
3Key
adventurous adventure
competitive competition
confident confidence
cooperative cooperation
emotional emotion
generous generosity
independent independence
lazy laziness
materialistic materialism
optimistic optimism
possessive possession
self-centred self-centredness
sensitive sensitivity
sincere sincerity
sociable sociability
stubborn stubbornness
Confusing verbs: lay / lie
5Key
a 3 b 1 c 2
6Key
a lie d lay
b laid e lied
c lying f lay
7Possible answers
a I always lie on my side, because I find it the
most comfortable. If I lie on my back, I snore.
b My friend had her hair cut and I thought it
looked terrible. She asked me if I liked it and I
said yes. I lied because I didnt want to hurt
her feelings.
Exam techniques p15
Listening Part 3
Dos and Donts
1Key
Speaker 1 E
Speaker 2 D
Speaker 3 A
Speaker 4 F
Speaker 5 C
Tapescript
Speaker 1 Id say that men and women are asgood
aseach other at looking after children and
loving them. I grew up without my dad
around. At the time it seemed normal, but
now I have my own kidsI realise how
mothersand fathershelp usin different
ways. Asa dad myself, I know theresa
bond between children and their dads
thatsjust asimportant ashaving a mum
around, and from my experience Id say
that only a man can really do that job.
Speaker 2 If youre thinking about the day-to-day
care of children, Id say that fathersand
motherscan be equally successful. I know
several familieswhere the mother isthe
main breadwinner and the father looks
after the kids and it worksperfectly well.
But Imsure that the physical relation
between a baby and its mother creates
an emotional tie which theresno
substitute for, and of course thiswont
change because men will never be able to
have children.
Speaker 3 Mothersand fathersare different and
alwayswill be, but both are essential. Its
far too much work for one person to
look after a family on their own, so its
important for the father to help out right
from the start. The key thing isto always
put the interestsof the children first. I
know that I have a special relationship
with them asa mum, but I can see that
my kidsneed their dad around too.
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Speaker 4 The idea that men are worse at looking
after children isrubbish. Dadscan do
everything just aswell asmums. Women
are only better at childcare because, at the
moment, they spend more time with
kids than men do. Itslike my mum she
doesnt understand how to use email, but
if she worked in an office like me shed
know exactly what to do its just a
question of familiarity.
Speaker 5 When I wasa kid, my father made more
effort to spend time with us than most
fathers would have done, which wasnt
what real men were supposed to do.
Whenever he wasnt at work, he dedicated
all histime to me and my sisters. Other
than my mum, people didnt really
recognise how special he was. My father
wasnt like everyone else, so people just
ignored him. Nowadays, most men are
involved with their kidslike he was.
Phrasal verbs with bring
2Key
a Bringing up e brought out
b bring (her) round f brought back
c brought about g bring down
d bring up
Vocabulary p16
Formal and informal language
1Possible answers
Formal style: job / college applications, letters of
complaint, business letters, requests for bookings,
announcements, etc.
Informal style: letter to friends and relatives.
2Key
a The first is a note or possibly an email
message. The second is a formal letter.
b Both are intended as apologies.
c In the first, the reader and the writer are
boyfriend and girlfriend. In the second, they
are probably business acquaintances.
d The first letter contains informal language,
familiar salutations, and contractions.
e The second letter contains formal language,
polite salutations, and full forms rather than
contracted forms.
3Key
a a snack
b attempted
c therefore
d sent you a text message
e to inform you
f because
g returned home
h I do apologise
4Key
The first letter: was held up, didnt get in
The second letter: was delayed, did not arrive
5Key
a back down e bumped into
b split up, went on f called off
c put up with g brought up
d put me down h work out
Meanings of get
6Key
get in arrive home
got changed changed
get you contact you
get it receive
got to arrived at
Exam techniques p17
Use of English Part 4
Dos and Donts
1Key
1 the 9 the
2 than 10 time
3 11
4 of 12 from
5 it 13 you
6 being 14 there
7 15 to
8 who

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Listening p18
Lead in
1Key
a The speakers birthday is on 31 December.
The statement was made on 1 January.
b sixteen minutes
Multiple choice
2Possible answer
I think men are better at solving mathematical
problems because they are better at thinking
logically.
or
I think women are better at solving
mathematical problems because they are more
patient and take the time to think things
through.
3Possible answer
On the recording, Ashley James believes that
boys do better at maths because they concentrate
harder than girls as they get older and because
maths is still seen as a male subject. Kathy
Manchester believes that women are less
confident than men because, at school, girls are
not expected to do well at maths as boys. She
thinks girls are better at solving problems,
however.
Tapescript
Part 1
Presenter Good afternoon. Our first item in todays
programme looksat the subject of
mathematicsand asksWhosbetter at it:
boysor girls? Letsstart by asking a
teacher. Ashley James, youve been a
mathsteacher for over ten years. How
would you answer thisquestion?
Ashley James Well, Jean, in my experience Id say
there isnt asgreat a difference aspeople
think, but aschildren get older, boysseem
to concentrate harder. Early on, girlshave
the same ability, but itsstill the case that
girlstend not to continue with maths
after they leave school and go on to
higher education. The unfortunate truth is
that people still think of mathsasa male
subject.
Presenter Thank you, Ashley. That certainly wasmy
own experience. When I wasat school
girlswere not supposed to be asgood as
boysat maths. For Kathy Manchester,
however, thistheory doesnt actually add
up. Kathysa researcher on the popular TV
programme Just for Fun, where people
just ordinary membersof the public
have to solve mathematical problems.
Part 2
Kathy OnJust for Funwere trying to bring maths
to a non-specialist audience and to
counter the common belief that mathsis
impossible and I cant do it or, worse still,
Im not clever enough to do it. Itsvery
noticeable that the women who come
onto the programme seemto have
much less confidence than the men,
perhapsbecause they were at schools
where girlswere not expected to do as
well asboysat mathsand science. But
when it comesto it, women are a lot
better at getting the problems right
the programme showsthistrend
consistently.
Presenter Yet men show more self-confidence than
women?
Kathy Thatsright. Theyre always ready to
jump in and attempt the puzzle, in some
casesbelieving that the women just arent
capable of solving it at all. The strange
thing isthat, on public display, the macho
image beginsto crack. The old saying,
behind every successful man theresa
woman, may have taken on a new
meaning. Maybe it doesnt refer to
background support and organisation at
all, but to actual decisionsthat are made.
Presenter So, on the programme, do men and
women actually compete directly with
each other?
Kathy Yes, occasionally and thatswhere it all
getsvery interesting. In the limelight the
men become so nervous; blind panic
crosses their faces and their minds
seemto turn blank. The women, on the
other hand, are much calmer; they dont
like to take such big risksasthe men;
they seemto want more time to think
about the questions.
Presenter Two thousand yearsago, the Greek
philosopher Plato said that even people
with no education have an innate
mathematical instinct. Just for Fun
suggeststhat thisistrue and that
women have more of it than men. Heres
Kathy Manchester with a final word.
Kathy What we dont know iswhether this
ability in women isinherited or whether it
comesfrom yearsof being the woman
behind the man. Itsa bit like the tortoise
and the hare. Tortoisesmove more slowly,
but theyre more consistent and they
crossthe finishing line first.
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4Key
a M c M e W g W
b W d M f W
Speaking p19
Lead in
3Possible answers
How many brothers and sisters have you got?
Where do you live?
What kind of music do you like?
What do you do in your spare time?
Giving personal information
4Key
Topics Questions
Family Do you have a large or a small
family? Can you tell me something
about them?
House and Do you live in a house or an
home apartment? Whats it like? Could
you tell us something about the
area where you live?
Leisure What do you like doing in your
spare time? Do you have any
hobbies? What kinds of books do
you like to read? Do you play a
musical instrument?
Tapescript
Interlocutor My namesPetrina Cliff and thisis
my colleague Thorkild Gantner. He
isjust going to listen to us. So, you
are?
Sun Sun. My name isSun.
Interlocutor And?
Yasko Im Yasko. Yasko.
Interlocutor Yasko?
Yasko Yes.
Interlocutor Thank you. First of all, wed like to
know something about you, so Im
going to ask ou some questions
about yourselves. Where are you
from Sun?
Sun Im from South Korea.
Interlocutor And you, Yasko?
Yasko Im from Japan.
Interlocutor Yasko, do you have a large or a small
family?
Yasko Err small family.
Interlocutor Can you tell me something about
them?
Yasko Yes, I have two older brothersand I live
with my father and mother. But two of
my brothershave left er our home
because they had got married before.
Interlocutor Do you live in a house or an
apartment, Sun?
Sun I live in my flat when Imin
London or Korea, which one?
Interlocutor Whats it like?
Sun Of course I like my own flat in which
issituated in Korea because the room is
like studio. Itslarge and big and I had
big, king-sized bed and then I used to
live alone. But also, there issome
kitchen and shower room with
everything, so I like it. Im still missing
my room but Here ismy flat isso
small, but itscosy.
Interlocutor Could you tell us something about
the area where you live?
Sun In England?
Interlocutor In Korea.
Sun Erm because I stayed in the near the
college, because I have to go to early in
the college, but the place isquite nice,
for example itslike national national
park. Cositsnear the mountainsand
everything isgood.
Interlocutor Yasko, what do you like doing in your
spare time?
Yasko I like watching moviesand ballet and
listening to music.
Interlocutor And do you have any hobbies?
Yasko Yes, I like travelling.
Interlocutor What kinds of books do you like to
read?
Sun Erm now I dont read any book. But
when I wasin Korea I liked reading,
especially like erm the thriller movie
and thriller booksand erm suspected,
suspected booksand I like, how do you
say, I like Sherlock Holmes, that kind of
book that I like.
Interlocutor Do you play a musical instrument,
Yasko?
Yasko Yes, I I like playing the piano, but Im
not good at playing. But I enjoy
enjoy playing the piano.
Interlocutor How did you become interested in
playing the piano?
Yasko Pardon?
Interlocutor How did you become interested in
playing the piano?

Oxford University Press THE SEXES UNIT1 5

Yasko Yes. When I wassmall child my mother
asked me to have a lesson, so at first I
dont like to play the piano. But well
when I washigh-school student my
friendssaid your play isvery good so I
have some confidence, so I become to
like it.
6Key
Extract 1: Yasko doesnt live with her brothers
because they have got married.
Extract 2: Sun likes where he lives because its
part of a national park.
Extract 3: Sun enjoys thrillers.
Extract 4: Yasko became interested in playing
the piano because her friends said
she played well.
Tapescript
Extract 1
Interlocutor Yasko, do you have a large or a small
family?
Yasko Err small family.
Interlocutor Can you tell me something about
them?
Yasko Yes, I have two older brothersand I live
with my father and mother. But two of
my brothers have left er our home
because they had got married before.
Extract 2
Interlocutor Could you tell ussomething about the
area where you live?
Sun In England?
Interlocutor In Korea.
Sun Erm because I stayed in the near the
college, because I have to go to early in
the college, but the place is quite
nice, for example its like national
national park. Cos its near the
mountains and everything is good.
Extract 3
Interlocutor What kindsof booksdo you like to
read?
Sun Erm now I dont read any book. But
when I wasin Korea I liked reading,
especially like ermthe thriller
movie and thriller books and erm
suspected, suspected booksand I like,
how do you say, I like Sherlock Holmes,
that kind of book that I like.
Extract 4
Interlocutor How did you become interested in
playing the piano?
Yasko Pardon?
Interlocutor How did you become interested in
playing the piano?
Yasko Yes. When I wassmall child my mother
asked me to have a lesson, so at first I
dont like to play the piano. But well
when I was high-school student
my friends said your play is very
good so I have some confidence, so I
become to like it.
Writing p20
Informal letter
1Key
a The letter must mention that Nicky is invited
to the wedding, that she can bring a friend,
the time and place of the wedding, that she
needs to reply (RSVP), and that the wedding
list can be found on the Internet.
b The style should be informal Nicky is a
friend of yours.
2Key
The style is too formal in places. The writer has
used an impersonal tone occasionally (She has
requested that an invitation be passed on to you),
passive verbs (be passed on to you), single-word
verbs (purchasing), and polite phrases (Yours
sincerely). The writer has also forgotten to give
details of the location of the wedding.
Formal and informal language
3Key
a INF e F
b F f INF
c INF g INF
d F h INF
4Key
a Short sentences Alice is getting married,
Theyre not too expensive.
c Contractions Shes sent, Shed love, The
weddings at, etc.
f Phrasal verbs Ive come up with a few ideas
g Words left out Look forward to seeing you
(missing I)
h Simple words or slang the kind of thing
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Think, plan, write
5Key
informal
Overview p22
1Key
1 one 9 for
2 as 10 she
3 which 11
4 12 the
5 in (where the) 13 they
6 14 any
7 been 15 out
8
2Key
a brought up d bring about
b brings back e brought up
c bring around
3Key
a understand d took / caught; arrived
b make / buy e becoming
c buy

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