+ -ed INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLE PAST PARTICIPLE

With most verbs we cook cooked cooked

add -ed fnish fnished fnished
+-d
With verbs ending live lived lived
with -e, we add -d close closed closed
y -ied
With verbs that end study studied studied
with one consonant* carry carried carried
+ -y, we change the y try tried tried
to -ied:
p -pped
With verbs that end stop stopped stopped
with one vowel* + plan planned planned
one consonant
(e.g. stop), we double
the consonant:
+ -ed
But note that we stay stayed stayed
do not double the happen happened happened
consonant, open opened opened
1) when it is y or w visit visited visited
(e.g. play)
2) when the last
syllable* is not
stressed (e.g. LISten,
HAppen, Open)
Note that in British cancel cancelled cancelled
English l is usually travel travelled travelled
doubled, even if the
syllable is unstressed
(e.g. travel)
-ing forms
+-ing INFINITIVE -ING FORM
With most verbs we walk walking
add -ing: eat eating
e + -ing
With verbs that end make making
with a consonant* come coming
+ -e, we delete the write writing
-e and add -ing:
elementary pocket guide
Oxford
Regular verbs: Past simple and past participle
A pocket guide
to regular verbs:
past simple and
past participle,
and the -ing form.
Make your own pocket guide
to regular verbs, and the
-ing form by following the
instructions.
Print page 1.
Put page 1 back in the
printer.
Print page 2 on the other
side of the paper.
Cut along the dotted lines.
Fold the paper.
You now have your pocket
guide to irregular verbs to
take with you anywhere.
You can fnd all of these
irregular verbs in your copy
of Oxford Living Grammar
Elementary.
f
o
l
d
f
o
l
d
f
o
l
d
f
o
l
d
c
u
t
OLG_E_POCKET_VERBS.indd 1 28/1/10 16:23:06
ie -ying
With verbs that end lie lying
with -ie, we change die dying
-ie to -ying: tie tying
-t -tting
With verbs that end sit sitting
with one vowel* + run running
one consonant swim swimming
(e.g. get, hit, stop),
we double the
consonant:
+ -ing
But note that we play playing
do not double the happen happening
consonant, listen listening
1) when it is y or w remember remembering
(e.g. play)
2) when the last
syllable* is not
stressed
(e.g. reMEMber, VISit):
* Consonants: b c d f g h j k l m n p q r s t v w x y z
Vowels: a e i o u
Syllables: |hit| = 1 syllable; |vi|sit| = 2 syllables
|re|mem|ber= 3 syllables
elementary pocket guide
Oxford
Learn and practise grammar in context
Irregular verbs: past simple and past participle
f
o
l
d
f
o
l
d
f
o
l
d
f
o
l
d
c
u
t
1
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