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ZTE University
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Content
Driver to HSDPA
Competition to operator
2.5G
GPRS: 9.05 -171.2kbit/s, Service deployment is bad CDMA2000 1x: 153.6kbit/s, Service deployment is good
3G
CDMA 1x EV-DO: 2.4Mbit/s WCDMA R99/R4: 2Mbit/s
R99
Driver to HSDPA
HSDPA gives subscribers new experience of more higher speed data service with shorter time delay
HSDPA brings more bandwidth and more online subscribers It is necessary and feasible to introduce HSDPA to WCDMA network With consideration of network planning and deployment cost, HSDPA should be applied at the beginning, or at least the Node B should hardware ready for HSDPA HSDPA brings new requirement of transmission and network planning. Pay more attention to it
Driver to HSDPA
HSDPA is smoothly evolved from WCDMA R99 without any big effect to the existing R99 network
1 new transport channel: HS-DSCH 3 new physical channelsHS-PDSCH, HS-SCCH and HS-DPCCH MAC-hs sub-layer, HARQ (Fast Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest), Fast Scheduling and AMC (Adaptive Modulation and Coding)
Driver to HSDPA
WCDMA R99/R4
2M
HSDPA
14.4
CDMA2000 1x EVDO
2.4
Driver to HSDPA
HSDPA handset
HSDPA coverage
HSDPA Modem
HSDPA data card HSDPA PDA Mixed with WMAN (WiMAX) and WLAN (Wi-Fi), more advantage of broadband wireless access
HSDPA PDA
Content
Driver to HSDPA HSDPA Theory
HSDPA Theory
UTRAN
RLC MAC-d
HS-DSCH DSCH FP FP
L2
HS-DSCH DSCH FP FP
L2
L1
L1
Iub/ Iur
RNC, Node B: add HS-DSCH FP protocol process, involve Iub/Iur Node B: add MAC-hs, responsible for AMC, HARQ, etc. Node B: add 3 physical channels: HS-PDSCH,HS-SCCH,HS-DPCCH UE: add MAC-hs, physical channels and process, modulation
HSDPA Theory
HS-SCCH
HS-DPCCH DL DTCH (PS)
HS-PDSCH is the bearer of HS-DSCH, transfer HSDPA user data (downlink) 2ms TTI, 3 slots, spread factor is fixed to 16, multiple users & multiple codes, modulation method: QPSK and 16QAM HS-SCCH bears information of HS-DSCH such as UE specialized mask code, modulation and coding policy, etc. (downlink) 2ms TTI, 3 slots, spread factor is fixed to 128 HS-DPCCH bears feedback information of HS-PDSCH such as Channel Quality Indication (CQI), H-ARQ confirm information ACK/NACK, etc. (uplink) 2ms TTI, 3 slots, spread factor is fixed to 256
HSDPA Theory
Data Packet
RNC
AMC, modulation and coding selection HARQ, lowers the time delay, improves the data throughput Fast scheduling, quick decision
HSDPA Theory
Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC), Node B can adjust modulation (QPSK, 16QAM) and coding rate (1/3, 3/4, etc) in time according to the feedback channel state from UE. So data transferring can follow the step of channel state changing in time, it is a good technology for link self-adaptive
For long time delay packet data, AMC can improve system capacity without add interference to neighbor cells
Standard R99/R4 HSDPA AMC N Y Remark Quick power control Satisfy 15dB SIR dynamic range
HSDPA Theory
Node B
Coding rate (1/3, 3/4, etc.) self-adaptive Good channel state: 3/4 Bad channel state: 1/3
Efficiently utilize the channel condition Good channel state: higher speed Bad channel state: lower speed
Codes adjusting Good channel state: more codes Bad channel state: fewer codes
HSDPA Theory
SF 8 16
HSDPA, the service bearing ability of one channel is further larger than R99/R4 by using more efficient modulation and coding rate, while SF is twice as R99/R4 As using bigger SF, system can support more users
HSDPA Theory
Modulation coding
rate QPSK 1/4 QPSK 1/2 QPSK 3/4 16QAM 1/2 16QAM 3/4
Data rate
(1 code) 120kbps 240kbps 360kbps 480kbps 720kbps
Data rate
(5 codes) 600kbps 1.2Mbps 1.8Mbps 2.4Mbps 3.6Mbps
Data rate
(15 codes) 1.8Mbps 3.6Mbps 5.4Mbps 7.2Mbps 10.8Mbps
HSDPA can provide data rate per user up to 10.8Mbps (16QAM, 3/4) by AMC and multiple codes technology
HSDPA Theory
HSDPA
MAC-hs HARQ
Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) is a combined technology with Forward Error Correction (FEC) and Automatic Repeat reQuest (ARQ) HARQ can provide flexible and subtle adjustment for its process by cooperated with AMC
TFRC
L2 L1
L1 HARQ
HSDPA Theory
F E C A R Q
H A R Q
Combine FEC and ARQ, each sending packet includes error detection bit and error correction bit
Receive
Discard
Send
Packet A
Receive
Reserve
Error packet A
Resend data
Error packet A Packet A missing data
Packet A
Packet A
Packet B
Soft combination
HSDPA Theory
HS-SCCH
HS-PDSCH
2 TS
N TS
TTI (ms) 10 2
Remark
With quick channel feedback, HSDPA can suitably adjust coding rate, codes, modulation, etc. in time according to the channel state
HSDPA Theory
Time fairness
Every user get equal service time, but the traffic maybe not equal, the fairest algorithm but has the lowest traffic
Traffic fairness
Every user get the same traffic, but the time maybe not equal, has the lower utility of system resource because it will schedule the UE with bad channel state
Max-C/I
Only the user in best channel state (biggest C/I) will get the service priority in each turn, the biggest traffic but has the worst fairness
Proportional fairness
Weighted compromise of above algorithms and has bigger system traffic and better service fairness
UE1
HSDPA Theory
Advantage of HSDPA
Comparing item System capacity (Mbps) Spectrum efficiency (Kbit/(MHz*Cell)) R99/R4 2.668 537.6 Inter-frequency hard HO Intra-frequency soft HO Intra-frequency softer HO Inter-system HO (GSM) Open loop, Close loop (Inner loop, Outer loop) PC, Quick, Slow PC QPSK Quick PC and soft HO N/A HSDPA 14.4 2795.2
System handover
HS-PDSCH adopts slow PC or even no power control QPSK, 16QAM AMC, HARQ, Short TTI and Quick channel feedback For faster scheduling
HSDPA
Provides various speed with stable power (stable power, adjustable speed)
R99/R4
Adjust power to guarantee service speed (stable speed, adjustable power)
Content
Driver to HSDPA HSDPA Theory
HSDPA handset
UE category Category 1-6 Category 7 Category 8 Maximum channels 5 10 10
HSDPA pc card
Minimal TTI interval 3-1 1 1
HSDPA PDA
Modulation
QPSK 16QAM
Category 9
Category 10 Category 11-12
15
15 5
1
1 2
10.12
14.4 1.8 QPSK
Different UE supports various channels, minimal TTI and other parameters UE listed in Category 11 is in worst receive capability, Category 10 is the best
Terminals 2005 2Q, several manufacture promote HSDPA trial version terminal
Operator to deploy HSDPA Cingular plan to deploy HSDPA in major city, 2006; till the end of 2006, to provide the HSDPA service in most part of metropolitans. NTT Docomo will deploy HSDPA in first quarter 2006; In UK, mmO2 will launch the service in fourth quarter 2005in HK H3G will provide commercial service in first quarter 2006
Colorful email
Multi-access
Multimedia Download
NEWS MOVIE MUSIC
Cartoon mail
Content
Driver to HSDPA HSDPA Theory
HSDPA Solution
Mode2 40 18 2 56
40 18 2 56
HSDPA can the same coverage as-174 R99/R4 under rate -174achieve-174 -174 -174same data -174
-108.157 5 3 423 5 19.579909 9 -100.737 0 0 0 0 8 20 -108.157 5 3 368 4 10.18483 9 -101.342 0 0 0 0 8 20 -108.157 5 3 635 5 7.815575 9 -98.9723 0 0 0 0 8 20 -108.1566878 5 3 12.2 1 24.9797 7.2 -117.9364017 0 2 2 2 8 20 -108.1566878 5 3 64 1 17.7815125 7.1 -110.8382003 0 0 2 2 8 20 -108.157 5 3 384 1 10 6.4 -103.757 0 0 2 2 8 20
Noise figure Interference margin Service rate RX Code number Process gain Eb/No Rx sensibility UE antenna gain Body loss Fast fading margin Soft handover gain Others Fading deviation Penetration loss
HSDPA Solution
DL Capability (kbps)
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
distance/cell_radius %
HSDPA makes the balance between the coverage and the throughput, increase the coverage decrease the throughput. HSDPA provides about 200kbps in the edge of cell, Less than the R99/R4 DCH. Recommend to combine the HSDPA and R99/R4 DCH together, at the edge of cell UE can handover into DCH. With this combination, you can take the most advantage from R99/R4 and HSDPA.
HSDPA Solution
10
0 -2 150
12
14
16
100
50
0 -2
12
14
16
HSDPA Solution
14
16
18
20
HSDPA Solution
90
80
70
60
40
30 -13
-12
-4
-3
HSDPA Solution
80 5 4.5 70 4 60 3.5 3 50 2.5 40 2 1.5 30 -13 1 HSDPA heavy load HSDPA light load R99 N/A R99 36dBm R99 38dBm R99 40dBm
-12 2 -11 -10 3 -9 4 -8 5 -7 -66 -5 Total HSDPA Power User offset Numto BsTxPwer (dB)
7 -4
-3 8
HSDPA Solution
Throughput Mbit/s
0 10
20
30
40
80
90
100
110
HSDPA Solution
4.5 4 3.5 3 2.5 6 5.5 0 R99 Users;10 Hsdpa Users 20 R99 Users;10 Hsdpa Users 40 R99 Users;10 Hsdpa Users 60 R99 Users;10 Hsdpa Users 20 30 40 50 60 Hsdpa Power/ Cell Tx Power % 70 80 5
2 1.5 10
4.5 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 10 0 R99 Users;10 Hsdpa Users 20 R99 Users;10 Hsdpa Users 40 R99 Users;10 Hsdpa Users 60 R99 Users;10 Hsdpa Users 20 30 40 50 60 Hsdpa Power/ Cell Tx Power % 70 80
HSDPA Solution
Situation I: if HSDPA frequency point support normal handset, all the resource have to be assigned within various different frequency cells. Situation II: HSDPA frequency point are only used for PC card, resource management can be achieved more easily.
Advantage: voice user +HSDPA users get good service Disadvantage: resource control will be difficult in situation I, maybe some frequency point resource will be wasted at the beginning
With the development of 3G, to provide dedicated frequency point for HSDPA PC card (only PS domain)
Phase I :several hot spot, and the important building to deploy HSDPA
Phase II :all the hot spot and several macro sites to deploy HSDPA
f1
f2
R99/R4+ HSDPA
f3
HSDPA (PC card)
ZTE solution
R99/R4+ HSDPA
HSDPA Solution
Handover between HSDPA, R99/R4 and DCH/FACH channelscan guarantee the service stability of HSDPA
HSDPA Solution
At dense traffic area (capacity is restricted), HSDPA can share the same site of R99 and achieve the same coverage of it. Capacity and coverage is a balance relationship, increase the network performance to the maximum by making a balance between them.
HSDPA Solution
Dense urban
Urban Suburb total
91.5
179.78 3000.5 3271.78
3527
4873 2100 10500
HSDPA Solution
AMC
Node B
HSDPA Solution
the indices of indoor distributed components (like power distributor) required by HSDPA and R99 are same, So the existing indoor distributed system of R99/R4 is suitable for HSDPA Concern of HSDPA indoor coverage Is the existing indoor distributed system of R99/R4 suitable for HSDPA? Is capacity of the existing indoor distributed system enoughIs the transmission enough?
Twisted pair
Feeder
Transm ission
Macro Node BIndoor distributed system Macro Node B/base band poolRRU Indoor distributed system Micro Node BIndoor distributed system Pico
Solution
HSDPA Solution
Site radius
Node B
Add 10
HSDPA Solution
The PS traffic mode will change greatly, more PS traffic will rush into HSDPA system
Peak throughput of HSDPA cell is 4 times as that of R99 cell, and mean throughput of HSDPA cell is 2 times as that of R99 cell Consider both capacity and traffic mode, transmission resource of Iub at beginning should be reserved 4 times as before or at least 2 times
HSDPA Solution
Features Advanced designHSDPA functions have been embedded into hardware. Just update software to support HSDPA functions. No additional hardware is needed!
HSDPA Processor
HSDPA Processor
DL Coder DL Base-band
UL Decoder UL Base-band
Mid-frequency
HSDPA Solution
ZTE Node B is designed based on the most advanced HSDPA technology in the world. It is absolutely ensured that to upgrade from R99 to HSDPA, no board is required to be changed! The base-band processing board also possesses a unique feature that is it supports the networking of HSDPA and R99 with either the same carrier or not!
HSDPA Solution
BBUB
B01C
B09
B09A
B06C B03C/B03R
B09 indoor macro: support up to 3C3S and 6CS RRU B09A outdoor macro: support up to 3C3S and 6CS RRU
HSDPA Solution
V4.5
V4.0 V3.0
R4
HSDPA commercial
V2.0
phase I
R99
2003/2Q
2004/4Q
2005/3Q
2006/1Q
Time
HSDPA Solution
Functions
WCDMA 2.1GHz, GSM900/1800/1900
HSDPA Solution
Functions
WCDMA, GSM900/1800/1900
Specs
Dual camera (2000K pixels) Dual LCD: 260K colors Main LCD: 2.2240320 MIDI: 72 chord
HSDPA Solution
ZTE serialized Node B is already hardware ready for downlink 14.4M, only software upgrade is needed
ZTE RNC and CN, unified platform, 80G switching capability, high integration, high capacity, smooth evolution, to ensure the deployment of HSDPA
Support at least 64 users per cell HSDPA can share base band board with R99/R4
Exercise