I.E.S.

Gabriela Mistral Metal hydrides

Leyre Gonzlez Lpez

Metal hydrides are compounds formed by a metal with a positive oxidation number and hydrogen with an oxidation number of 1. How are they named? Stock we write the name of the metal followed by its oxidation number in brackets and in !oman numerals "it is omitted if it is uni#ue". $hen% we write the word &hydride'. hidruro de hierro (III) hidruro de hierro (II) hidruro de litio

(eH) iron *+++, hydride (eH- iron *++, hydride .iH lithium hydride

Stoichiometric we write the name of the metal / hydride% each word preceded by a prefix *di"% tri"% tetra"% penta"..., which indicates the subscript in the formula. trihidruro de hierro dihidruro de hierro monohidruro de hierro Non metal hydrides

(eH) iron trihydride (eH- iron dihydride .iH lithium monohydride

+t is more common to name metal hydrides with the Stock nomenclature. 0on metal hydrides are compounds formed by a non metal with a positive oxidation number and hydrogen with an oxidation number of 1. $hey are formed and named the same way as metal hydrides. 0H) nitrogen *+++, hydride or nitrogen trihydride hidruro de nitrgeno (III) o trihidruro de nitrgeno 1ut% oh% wait% no one uses these names. $hese are the common names for these compounds 0H) 3H) 2sH) SbH) 4H5 SiH5 2mmonia 3hosphine 2rsine Stibine Methane Silane Amoniaco Fosfina Arsina Estibina Metano Silano

Hydrogen + non metal ( ! "l! #r! I! S! Se! $e% +n this case% the hydrogen has an oxidation number of /1 and the non metal has a negative oxidation number. $he non metals are (% 4l% 1r and + *oxidation number6"1, and S% Se and $e *oxidation number6"-, $hey are identified by the word &hydrogen' followed by the root of the non metal ending in "ide. H( hydrogen fluoride H4l hydrogen chloride H1r hydrogen bromide H+ hydrogen iodide H-S hydrogen sulfide H-Se hydrogen selenide H-$e hydrogen teluride fluoruro de hidrgeno cloruro de hidrgeno bromuro de hidrgeno yoduro de hidrgeno sulfuro de hidrgeno seleniuro de hidrgeno telururo de hidrgeno Hidra&ids Hidracids are compounds formed by hydrogen with an oxidation number of + and a non metal which has a negati!e oxidation number% when they are in an a#ueous solution. $he non metals and the oxidation number which they use are (% 4l% 1r% + "1 H( hydrofluoric acid H4l hydrochloric acid H1r hydrobromic acid H+ hydroiodic acid H-S hydrosulfuric acid H-Se hydroselenic acid H-$e hydroteluric acid S% Se% $e ""cido fluorh#drico "cido clorh#drico "cido bromh#drico "cido yodh#drico "cido sulfh#drico "cido selenh#drico "cido telurh#drico hydro / root of the non metal / "ic / acid '. 7rite the formula of the following compounds a, Silver hydride d, 3hosphine (. 0ame the following compounds a, H4l b, H4l *a#, c, MgHd, 2lH) e, 4uH f, 4uHg, H-Se b, 0ickel *+++, hydride e, Sodium hydride c, 1eryllium hydride f, Hydrofluoric acid $heir names are given with the following structure hydro / root of the non metal / "ic / acid

2s you can see% their names are given following this structure