VOLCLAY BENTONITE GEOTEXTILE WATERPROOFING

PRODUCT MANUAL

Certificate No 86/1650

CONTENTS
WHAT IS VOLCLAY ? HOW VOLTEX WORKS ACCESSORIES LIMITATIONS INSTALLATION GUIDELINES SECTION 1: UNDERSLAB INSTALLATION 1.1 Substrate Preparation 1.2 Installation 1.3 Pile Caps & Ground Beams 1.4 Slab Penetrations 1.5 Lift Pits 1.6 Edge of Slab, Backfilled Walls SECTION 2: PROPERTY LINE CONSTRUCTION 2.1 Property Line Installation Guidelines 2.2 Metal Sheet Piling 2.3 Earth Formed Shotcrete Retention Wall 2.4 Auger Cast Caisson Walls 2.5 Contiguous and Secant Piling SECTION 3: BACKFILLED WALLS 3.1 Surface Preparation 3.2 Installation 3.3 Wall Penetrations 3.4 Terminations 3.5 Masonry Block Walls SECTION 4: TUNNELS/ EARTH COVERED ROOFS 4.1 Installation SECTION 5: SPECIAL CONDITIONS 5.1 Pre-cast Concrete Plank Installation 5.2 Contaminated Conditions 5.3 Tie-in with Envirosheet Self-Adhering Waterproofing Membrane

WHAT IS VOLCLAY ?
Volclay sodium bentonite is a non-toxic mineral of volcanic origin found exclusively in the Black Hills region of the United States. Volclay is specially processed by CETCO to achieve the highest possible performance for all of our waterproofing products. CETCO also manufacturers Volclay CR, a contaminant resistant bentonite to assure optimum performance in saline or contaminated water. Volclay prevents water intrusion by forming a dense monolithic membrane upon contact with water. The specially processed Volclay expands under confinement, forming an impervious membrane that will be maintained for the life of the structure.

HOW VOLTEX WORKS

Voltex is a highly effective waterproofing composite comprised of two polypropylene geotextiles and a minimum 4.88 kg of Volclay sodium bentonite per square metre. The two geotextiles are interlocked by a patented needle-punching process which encapsulates and confines the bentonite. Voltex DS integrates an HDPE liner bonded to the outside surface of the thick non-woven geotextile. The HDPE liner provides extremely low permeabilities for water vapour and gas transmission. Voltex is excellent for waterproofing belowground horizontal and vertical surfaces. Typical installations are underslab and property line applications including metal sheet piling and concrete caisson construction. There is no concern about deterioration before or after the concrete is poured. Installation of Voltex is fast and easy. Simply position the product into place and fasten. Voltex can be installed on green concrete, in virtually any weather, without the need for primers or adhesives. Voltex can be easily cut on site to form around corners and penetrations. The result is always a consistent self-healing membrane.

Concrete Needlepunched Geotextile Fibres Woven Geotextile Granular Volclay Sodium Bentonite Nonwoven Geotextile

Voltex forms a continuous mechanical bond to concrete. This bond is created when Voltexs strong geotextile fibres are encapsulated by poured concrete as shown in the illustration.
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DURABILITY The Volclay sodium bentonite in Voltex is uniformly encapsulated between two high-strength woven and nonwoven geotextiles. CETCOs state-of-the-art needlepunching process interlocks the geotextiles, preventing the displacement of bentonite prior to, during, and after installation. The geotextiles provide superior protection from inclement weather and construction related damage, without requiring the use of a protection course. SUPERIOR ADHESION When concrete is poured against Voltex, a tenacious mechanical bond is created with Voltexs high strength geotextile. Independent laboratory testing conducted in accordance with ASTM D-903 (Peel Adhesion to Concrete), yields an average adhesion value of 66.7 N/M. The mechanical bond will hold Voltex in intimate contact with the concrete should any ground settlement occur, thereby preventing water migration between the waterproofing and the concrete. COST EFFECTIVE AND TIME EFFICIENT Voltex is designed to be installed on a properly prepared subground, without the need to pour a working slab. The products inherent flexibility allows for easy installation on irregular surfaces and rough property line forming. Voltex seams are easily overlapped without the need to roll out every small wrinkle or air pocket. Voltex can be installed as soon as the forms are stripped; there is no waiting for the concrete to cure. NSF STANDARD 61 CERTIFIED Voltex and Voltex DS are certified by NSF International to conform with the requirements of NSF Standard 61 Drinking Water System Components Health Effects. Both Voltex and Voltex DS are certified as an external protective barrier material for portable water concrete tanks with a 1,000 gallon capacity or larger.

ACCESSORIES
BENTOSEAL - patented trowel grade sodium bentonite compound used to detail around penetrations, corner transitions and terminations. HYDROBAR TUBES - water soluble plastic tubing filled with bentonite, used at the footing/wall intersection. VOLTEX GRANULES - granular Volclay bentonite used at detail areas that may require additional Volclay protection.

ASSOCIATED SYSTEM PRODUCTS

WATERSTOP-RX - expanding bentonite-based concrete joint waterstop used around penetrations and applicable concrete joints. AQUADRAIN - prefabricated drainage composite constructed of a molded polystyrene core and a filter fabric.

LIMITATIONS FOR VOLTEX / VOLTEX DS

Voltex/Voltex DS is not designed for above ground or unconfined waterproofing applications. Voltex and accessories should not be installed in standing water. If ground water contains strong acids, alkalis, or is of a conductivity of 2,500 mhos/cm or greater, water samples should be submitted to the manufacturer for compatibility testing. Voltex CR is recommended if contaminated ground water or saltwater conditions exist. Voltex is engineered for use under reinforced concrete slabs 100 mm thick or greater on a compacted earth/gravel substrate. Voltex requires a minimum 150 mm thick reinforced concrete slab if installed over a mud slab. Voltex is not designed for split-slab deck construction. Voltex is not designed to waterproof expansion joints. Expansion joints are the responsibility of others.

Voltex Physical Properties

Property Peel Adhesion to Concrete Hydrostatic Pressure Resistance Permeability Tensile Strength Puncture Resistance Low Temperature Flexibility Test Method ASTM D 903 ASTM D 5385 ASTM D 5084 ASTM D 4595 ASTM D 4833 ASTM D 1970 Value 66.7n/m 70.2 m 1 x 10-9 cm/sec 329 N 61.3 kg Unaffected at -25 F (32C)

Voltex Product Specification

Bentonite Content .4.88 kg/sq.m Dry Thickness.. 6.4 mm Roll Dimensions.. 1.10 m x 5.0 m (5.5 m2) Roll Weight.. 35 - 40 kg 3

INSTALLATION GUIDELINES
Before installing Voltex/Voltex DS read this installation manual to gain familiarity with specific procedures and applications. For applications not covered in this manual, contact CETCO for specific installation guidelines.

SECTION 1 UNDERSLAB INSTALLATION

Figure1.1 Overlap Voltex 100mm with seams staggered 300mm

100mm min. LAP
Voltex

OVERLAPS min. 100mm.

Voltex

Voltex/Voltex DS is engineered for use under reinforced concrete slabs 150 mm thick or greater on a compacted earth/gravel substrate. Voltex requires a minimum 150 mm thick reinforced concrete slab if installed over a mud slab. Voltex CR bentonite is used in contaminated conditions as determined by a Volclay water sample test. Prior to installing Voltex the substrate must be properly prepared. Complete all required lift pit, sump pit, ground beam and piling work prior to installing Voltex under main slab area. These areas must be correctly tied into the underslab waterproofing to form a monolithic seal.

Voltex

Voltex

Voltex

300mm

STAGGER END LAPS 300mm.

1.1 Substrate Preparation

Substrate may be concrete, earth, sand, pea gravel or crushed stone. Earth and sand substrates should be compacted to a minimum 85% Modified Proctor density. Crushed stone should not be larger than 18 mm in size. Substrate should be smooth and without sharp deflections or pockets.

Figure 1.2 Extend Voltex a minimum 300 mm beyond slab edge. Install Watersop-RX in joint.
RX101 Waterstop Secured with Revofix Mesh Nailed at 300mm Centres. With a Minimum 75mm Concrete Cover. Slab Second Pour
300 100

Slab First Pour

1.2 Installation
Install Voltex or Voltex DS over the properly prepared substrate with the dark grey (woven) geotextile side up. Overlap all adjoining edges a minimum of 100 mm and stagger sheet ends a minimum of 300 mm (Figure 1.1). Nail or staple edges together as required to prevent any displacement before and during concrete placement. When the slab is poured in sections, Voltex should extend a minimum 300 mm beyond the slab edge (Figure1.2). This enables Voltex to be properly overlapped for subsequent slab section pours. Volclay Waterstop-RX should be installed in all slab construction joints where applicable (Figure 1.2).
?@ @?h@@6

Voltex Over Concrete Blinding

.

DARK GREY (WOVEN) GEOTEXTILE SIDE UP WITH VOLTEX OR VOLTEX DS Figure 1.3 Voltex installed directly over compacted earth/gravel substrate requires a minimum 150 mm thick reinforced slab.
Waterstop RX101 With Min. 75mm Concrete Cover. Fixed With Revofix Reinforced Concrete Slab Minimum 150mm Thick

Dark Grey (Woven) Geotextile Side Up

V
30 0m m MI

X TE L O

m 0m 10

N.

WELL COMPACTED SUBSTRATE ROLLED HARDCORE OR GRANULAR FILL.

Figure 1.4 Slab on Footing Detail

Figure 1.7 Kicker level detail.

RC WALL

VOLTEX

RX101 WATERSTOP VOLTEX

FORMWORK VOLTEX

RX101 WATERSTOP

40X40mm FILLET OF VOLCLAY PASTE (GRANULES &WATER)

VOLTEX

CONCRETE UNDERBLIND

CONCRETE UNDERBLINDING
.

Figure 1.5 Raised Slab Detail

RX101 WATERSTOP VOLTEX VOLTEX
RAISED SLAB

Figure 1.8 Slab Toe detail.

VOLTEX RX101 WATERSTOP

40X40mm FILLET OF VOLCLAY PASTE.

40X40mm FILLET OF VOLCLAY PASTE (GRANULES &WATER)

100 LAP

100mm LAP
100mm LAP

VOLTEX CONCRETE BLINDING

CONCRETE UNDERBLIND

Figure 1.6 Slab Thickening Detail.

Figure 1.9 Contiguous Pile Detail.

VOLTEX SECURED TO CONTIG. PILES WITH VOLTEX SOFT WASHER FASTENERS (SHOT-FIRED)

RX101 WATERSTOP
100
LAP

CONTIGUOUS PILING.

100 LAP TYPICAL

RX 101 WATERSTOP

40X40 FILLET OF VOLCLAY PASTE

VOLTEX CONCRETE UNDERBLIND

.

(GRANULES & WATER)

150mm LAP

VOLTEX

CONCRETE BLINDING

FOR PROJECT SPECIFIC DETAILS CONSULT CETCOS TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT

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1.3 Pile Caps and Ground Beams

Voltex should not be installed over pile caps. Cut Voltex to fit tightly around pile caps. Then apply a minimum 40 mm thick fillet of Volclay Paste/Bentoseal at intersection of Voltex and the piling (Figure 1.10). Volclay Paste/Bentoseal should extend onto Voltex and piling a minimum of 40x40mm thickness. Detail ground beams the same as pile caps with a nonhydrostatic condition. If a hydrostatic condition exists, Voltex should be installed under the entire ground beam (Figure 1.11). Line the concrete formwork with Voltex prior to placement of reinforcing steel. Leave a minimum 300 mm of Voltex at the top of the form to tie into below slab waterproofing.

Figure 1.10 Pile Cap Detail

100 LAP

RC. SLAB

40X40mm FILLET OF BENTONITE PASTE (GRANULES & WATER) CONCRETE UNDERBLIND VOLTEX PILECAP

CONCRETE PILE.

Figure 1.11 Ground Beam (Hydrostatic condition)

100 LAP

RC. SLAB

CONCRETE UNDERBLIND

GROUND BEAM

VOLTEX

FOR PROJECT SPECIFIC DETAILS CONSULT CETCOS TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT

1.4 Slab Penetrations

Cut Voltex to closely fit around penetrations (Figure 1.12). Trowel a minimum 40 mm thick fillet of Volclay Paste (granules & water). around the penetration to completely fill any void area between Voltex and the penetration (Figure 1.13). The Volclay Paste should extend up the penetration about 40mm and extend onto Voltex. In areas where multiple penetrations are close together, it may be impractical to cut Voltex to fit around each penetration. Pour Voltex Granules, granular bentonite, minimum 12 mm thick around the penetrations covering the entire substrate area. Then apply a thick layer of Bentoseal around each penetration as detailed (Figure 1.15). Figure 1.13 Bentoseal Troweled around penetration
RX101 WATERSTOP AS A PUDDLEFLANGE. PIPE

Figure 1.12 Cut Voltex to closely contour penetrations

CUT VOLTEX TO CLOSELY CONTOUR PENETRATIONS.

T OL

EX

Figure 1.14 Slab penetration cross section detail

RX101 WATERSTOP AS A PUDDLEFLANGE.
PIPE

T OL

EX

VOLTEX

40X40mm FILLET OF BENTONITE PASTE (GRANULES & WATER)

40X40mm FILLET OF BENTONITE PASTE (GRANULES & WATER)

Figure 1.15 Multiple pipe penetrations. Trowel Bentoseal around pipes and covering area between pipes
PIPES RX101 WATERSTOP AS A PUDDLEFLANGE.

VOLTEX

40mm FILLET OF BENTOSEAL

DRY BENTONITE GRANULES.

FOR PROJECT SPECIFIC DETAILS CONSULT CETCOS TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT

1.5 Lift Pits

Voltex should be placed on vertical surfaces and on the substrate below the slab to form a continuous envelope around the lift pit (Figure 1.16). If the vertical soil cut remains stable, Voltex may be installed directly against the soil. Contain unstable soils with a retaining wall. Install Voltex directly against the retaining wall. Figure 1.16 Voltex under lift pit slab and on vertical surfaces
100 100

LAP

RX101 WATERSTOP SELF SUPPORTING SOIL OR TEMPORARY/PERMANENT WORKS

LAP

VOLTEX

VOLTEX

LIFT PIT

100 LAP CONCRETE UNDERBLIND

1.6 Edge of Slab, Backfilled Walls

When the installation reaches the outer edge of the slab, continue Voltex up and out of the form a minimum of 300 mm (Figure 1.17). At the corner, Voltex should remain in contact with the substrate and the inside surface of the concrete form. No void area should exist. When the form is removed, the extra portion of Voltex outside the form should be positioned and secured onto the footing or vertical wall. Overlap this Voltex a minimum 150 mm with the succeeding vertical waterproofing. Figure 1.17 Voltex turned up and extended out of concrete form to tie into vertical waterproofing
"FLAP" OF VOLTEX TO BE USED TO FORM A 100mm LAP SLAB EGE FORMWORK VOLTEX

If Voltex is damaged during form removal along the lower edge of the slab, form a trough and fill it with Voltex Granules. Seat the vertical Voltex, on the edge of the slab, into the Voltex Granules. Volclay Waterstop-RX should be installed in the perimeter wall/slab intersection joint. The Voltex may be continued up to kicker level within the formwork. When the formwork is removed the Voltex will be mechanically attached (peel-adhered) to the face of the concrete. (Figure 1.18) Figure 1.18
VOLTEX TERMINATED AT KICKER LEVEL. KICKER FORMWORK SLAB EDGE FORMWORK

RC. SLAB

R.C SLAB

VOLTEX

FOR PROJECT SPECIFIC DETAILS CONSULT CETCOS TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT

SECTION 2 PROPERTY LINE CONSTRUCTION

The use of construction techniques described in this section allow the exterior building dimensions to coincide with the property line, thereby maximizing use of available land for building. Voltex has been proven to be one of the most effective and widely used means for waterproofing property line construction. For all property line construction methods, install Voltex or Voltex DS with the dark grey (woven) geotextile out, away from the retaining wall facing the installer. Refer to each applicable construction method in Section 2 for specific substrate preparation and detailing installation guidelines. After installing the Voltex system, the structural concrete wall should be poured directly against the Voltex. Shotcrete structural walls also may be applied against Voltex. Apply shotcrete in the direction of Voltex seams so that the shotcrete does not get behind or separate the rolls. The vertical wall Voltex should overlap the underslab Voltex which projects from under the slab a minimum of 250 mm. If hydrostatic pressure exceeds 15m, consult CETCO for installation recommendations and guidelines. Cut Voltex to closely fit around penetrations and tie-back plates. After installing the Voltex, trowel an 40mm thick fillet of Bentoseal to completely fill the void area between the detail and the cut Voltex edge. When multiple penetrations are close together it may be impractical to closely cut the Voltex. Therefore, trowel Bentoseal 18 mm thick over the entire surface area between the penetrations and extend the Bentoseal onto each penetration. (Figure 2.3) Bentoseal should extend outward from each penetration a minimum 50 mm. Cut and position a section of Voltex over tie-back plates (Figure 2.2). The Voltex section should extend a minimum of 150 mm onto the main Voltex layer. (Note: Cut an X into the Voltex section so that it can be slipped over the tie-back rod.)

2.1 Property Line Installation Guidelines

Install Voltex oriented horizontally at the base of the property line wall. Fasten the Voltex into position with washer-headed fasteners at 600 mm centres around the edge. Install succeeding Voltex roll overlapping the previous roll edge 100 mm (Figure 2.1). Figure 2.1 Start Voltex at base of property line wall
RC WALL

Figure 2.2 Installation at Tie-Back Box-out

DIAPHRAGM WALL
VOLTEX FIXED TO DIAPHRAGM WALL RC WALL RX101 WATERSTOP 18mm BENTOSEAL TROWELED OVER TIE BACK VOLTEX PATCH FIXED OVER BENTOSEAL

PROPERTYLINE / EXISTING BUILDING

VOLTEX DRESS THE VOLTEX UP THE PROPERTY LINE TO A POINT 250mm ABOVE THE KICKER JOINT TO FORM A 100mm LAP. RX101 WATERSTOP

100

250

GROUND ANCHOR

VOLTEX

CONCRETE BLINDING

FOR PROJECT SPECIFIC DETAILS CONSULT CETCOS TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT

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Install succeeding Voltex course overlapping the previous course a minimum 100 mm, staggering the vertical overlap seams a minimum 300 mm (Figure 2.3). (Note: Lap seams so that the upper roll is over the lower rolls top edge.)

Figure 2.3
VOLTEX FIXED TO DIAPHRAGM WALL RC WALL WATERSTOP RX101 PUDDLE FLANGE SECURED WITH WIRE PIPE

Continue installing Voltex up to ground level. After the wall has been poured, terminate Voltex at ground level with a rigid termination bar fastened at 300 mm centres. A 300 mm wide strip of UV resistant flashing is recommended to be installed with the termination bar. Embed the top edge of Voltex and termination bar in a 50 mm wide by 12 mm thick bead of Bentoseal. (Figure 2.4)

2.2 Metal Sheet Piling

Complete the following substrate preparation instructions. Then install Voltex following the property line installation guidelines. Special knurled powder actuated (Hilti type) fasteners are recommended to secure Voltex to the sheet piling. Preparation: If excessive water is penetrating the sheet piling knuckles, Trowel an 18 mm thick layer of Bentoseal along all sheet piling knuckles and over tieback plates. Volclay Bentogrout may be injected to the outside of the knuckle to stop water flow (Figure 2.5). Consult CETCO for Bentogrout applications and installation guidelines. Alternate Plywood Method Alternatively, 12 mm plywood may be fastened to the sheet piling to create a flat surface upon which Voltex is fastened. All void spaces between the plywood and sheet piling must be filled with compacted earth or concrete. Apply Voltex to plywood following Backfilled Wall Guidelines. Figure 2.5 Sheet pile interlock detail

TROWEL BENTOSEAL AROUND MULTIPLE PENETRATIONS.

PIPE

40X40mm TRIANGULAR FILLET OF BENTOSEAL.

Figure 2.4 Termination at Ground Level

TERMINATE VOLTEX W ITH A METAL TERMINATION STRIP COVERED W ITH A 12X50mm BEAD OF BENTOSEAL GROUND LEVEL 300mmW IDE UV RESISTANT MEMBRANE (OPTIONAL) VOLTEX

BENTOGROUT INJECTED TO EXTERIOR SIDE OF THE STEEL SHEET PILING

RETAINED EARTH

VOLTEX
BENTOSEAL SHEET PILE INTERLOCK

FOR PROJECT SPECIFIC DETAILS CONSULT CETCOS TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT

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Figure 2.6 Voltex Installation over metal sheet piling

VOLTEX FIXED TO STEEL SHEET RETAINED EARTH STEEL SHEET PILING
RC WA LL

RX101 WATERSTOP
VO L

VO

LT

NOTE!
FIX VOLTEX TO FACE OF STEEL SHEET PILING OR PLYBOARD WITH THE DARK GREY SIDE FACING THE INSTALLER.

EX

COMPACTED SOIL OR CONCRETE BEHIND PLYBOARD

VOLTEX OVER PLYBOARD PLYBOARD

2.3 Earth Formed Shotcrete Retention Wall

Complete the following substrate preparation instructions. Then install Voltex following the property line installation guidelines. Preparation: The surface of the earth formed diaphragm wall must be sufficiently planar to provide an adequately smooth surface to apply Voltex. Figure 2.7 Grout void areas and remove protrusions to provide lush mounting surface
SHOTCRETE RETAINING W ALL W ITH DEPRESSIONS GROUTED VOLTEX RC W ALL RX101 W ATERSTOP VOLTEX

Voltex can be applied over large, relatively shallow indentations. The surface should not contain voids or sharp protrusions in excess of 25 mm. Fill all voids with cementitious grout and remove protrusions prior to mounting Voltex (Figure 2.9).

Figure 2.8 Earth formed concrete retention wall with Concrete caisson supports (Plan view)
RETA IN ED EA R TH

C O N CR ETE C AISSO N

SH O TC RETE R ETAIN IN G W A LL RC . W ALL

VO LTEX FIXED TO SH O TC RETE R X101 W A TER STO P IN C O NSTR U CTIO N JO IN TS.

CONCRETE BLINDING

FOR PROJECT SPECIFIC DETAILS CONSULT CETCOS TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT

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Figure 2.9 Voltex Panel installation over an earth formed shotcrete retention wall.
SHOTCRETE RETAINING WALL IRREGULAR SURFACE GROUTED SMOOTH

VOLTEX

RETAINED EARTH

VOLTEX VOLTEX

100mm VOLTEX LAPS. DARK GREY (WOVEN) GEOTEXTILE FACING THE INSTALLER

2.4 Auger Cast Caisson Walls

Complete the following substrate preparation instructions. Then install Voltex following the property line installation guidelines in Section 2.1 on page 10 and 11. Preparation: The surface of auger cast caisson walls must be sufficiently planar to provide an adequately smooth surface to apply Voltex. Voltex can be applied over large, relatively shallow indentations. The surface should not contain voids or sharp protrusions in excess of 25 mm. Fill all large recesses between caissons with cementitious grout (Figure 2.11).

Figure 2.11 Fill in recesses between cast caissons with grout.

C O NC R ETE C A ISSO N

R ETA IN ED EA R TH

R C. W A LL R X101 W ATERSTO P IN C O N STRU CTIO N JO IN TS.

VO LTEX G RO UT TH E R EC ESSES

Figure 2.10 Rock formation shotcrete wall detail

N A T U R A L R O C K F O R M A T IO N

SHOTCRETE W ALL RC. W ALL R X101 W A TER STO P IN C O N S T R U C T IO N J O IN T S . 100 LAP

V O L T E X F IX E D TO SHOTCRETE

FOR PROJECT SPECIFIC DETAILS CONSULT CETCOS TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT

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2.5 Contiguous and Secant piling.

Voltex can be installed directly against contiguous and secant piling. Preparation: The surface of contig. & secant piled walls must be sufficiently planar to provide an adequately smooth surface to apply Voltex. Voltex can be applied over large, relatively shallow indentations. The surface should not contain voids or sharp protrusions in excess of 25 mm. Fill all large recesses between piles with cementitious grout (Figure 2.12). It is not necessary to backblind the face of the piled wall. Figure 2.13 Contiguous and Secant piling section.
VOLTEX SECURED TO CONTIG. PILES WITH VOLTEX SOFT WASHER FASTENERS (SHOT-FIRED)
CONTIGUOUS PILING.
100 LAP TYPICAL

SECTION 3 BACKFILLED WALLS

Install Voltex or Voltex DS with the dark grey (woven) geotextile side against the concrete wall on pored-inplace concrete foundation walls prior to backfilling. Voltex may be applied as soon as the forms are removed. It is not necessary to wait for the concrete to completely cure.

3.1 Surface Preparation

The wall surface must be properly prepared before Voltex is installed. Areas of surface honeycombing or indentations should be filled with Bentoseal. Protrusions of over 12 mm should be knocked off smooth with the concrete surface. Form-tie cavities should be filled with Bentoseal. Whenever tapered form ties are used and removed, completely fill the hole with CETCOs Tie-Bolt Filler (T.B.F.) and cover with Bentoseal (Figure 3.1). Footings should be swept clean of soil, rocks and debris to provide Voltex with direct contact to the concrete in the application area.

RX 101 WATERSTOP

3.2 Installation
40X40 FILLET OF VOLCLAY PASTE
(GRANULES & WATER)

Before installing the first course of Voltex, place a 40x40mm fillet of Volclay Paste at the wall/footing inside corner (Figure 3.2). Beginning at the bottom corner of the wall, install Voltex horizontally oriented with 1.5 m on one wall and the remainder around the corner on the other wall surface (Figure 3.2). Cut the bottom edge of Voltex at the corner a minimum of 300 mm so that Voltex can be extended onto the footing. Fasten Voltex into position with washer headed fasteners. Then cut and install a Voltex section over the uncovered footing corner area. Apply Bentoseal at the Voltex section to Voltex overlaps (Figure 3.2). Install adjacent Voltex rolls of the bottom course horizontally oriented. Each roll should overlap the preceding roll a minimum 100 mm and should extend onto the footing a minimum 300 mm. At inside corners apply a continuous 40x40mm fillet of Bentoseal directly in the corner prior to installing Voltex (Figure 3.3). Stagger all vertical overlap joints a minimum of 150 mm (Figure 3.4). When hydrostatic conditions exist, the vertical wall Voltex should cover the entire footing and overlap the underslab waterproofing a minimum 300 mm (Figure 3.3).

150mm LAP

VOLTEX

CONCRETE BLINDING

Figure 2.12 Contiguous and Secant piling.

VOLTEX NAILED DIRECTLY TO FACE OF PILED WALL.

CONTIGUOUS OR SECANT PILED WALL RX101 WATERSTOP ON KICKER

RC CONCRETE WALL MINIMUM 150mm THICK 40X40 FILLET OF VOLCLAY PASTE

FOR PROJECT SPECIFIC DETAILS CONSULT CETCOS TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT

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Figure 3.1 Concrete form tie details

TIEBOLT HOLE PLUG DETAIL MAIN VOLTEX LINER (200X200) SECONDARY VOLTEX PATCH NAILED AT THE TOP

Figure 3.2 Start Voltex at the corner horizontally. Place Panel section at corner & Bentoseal
40X40mm FILLET OF VOLCLAY PASTE (GRANULES & WATER)

BENTOSEAL SEALANT

VO

VO
LT EX

LT

EX

BENTOSEAL SEALANT

APPROX. 75 -- 100mm OF CETCO TIEBOLT FILLER (TBF)

100 LAP TYPICAL

VO

LT

EX

VO

LT

EX

WATERSTOP RX 101 SECURED WITH REVOFIX

Figure 3.3 Apply fillet of Bentoseal to internal corner beneath the Voltex.
VOLTEX
40X40mm FILLET OF VOLCLAY PASTE IN ALL INTERNAL CORNERS PRIOR TO FIXING VOLTEX

VOLTEX

40x40mm FILLET OF VOLCLAY PASTE IN ALL INTERNAL CORNERS

Figure 3.4 Voltex installed on a backfilled wall, overlapped 100 mm with vertical joints staggered. INSTALL VOLTEX OR VOLTEX DS WITH DARK GREY (WOVEN) GEOTEXTILE SIDE AGAINST THE CONCRETE

VO

LT

EX VO

STAGGER THE END LAPS BY MIN. 300mm

VO

LT

LT

EX

EX

VO

VOLTEX NAILED AT 300 CENTRES THROUGH THE LAPS.

LT EX

TYPICAL VOLTEX LAP 100mm RX101 WATERSTOP 40X40mm TRIANGULAR FILLET OF VOLCLAY PASTE (GRANULES&WATER) UNDER THE VOLTEX.

FOR PROJECT SPECIFIC DETAILS CONSULT CETCOS TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT

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Figure 3.5 Minimum Voltex overlap detail

Figure3.7 Cut Voltex to fit around multiple Penetrations

VOLTEX RC WALL COMPACTED BACKFILL

VOLTEX RC. WALL 100mm LAP

PIPE WATERSTOP RX101 PUDDLE FLANGE SECURED WITH WIRE TROWEL BENTOSEAL AROUND MULTIPLE PENETRATIONS.

PIPE

40X40mm TRIANGULAR FILLET OF BENTOSEAL.

The excavated area should be backfilled immediately after Voltex is installed and used as a platform in applying succeeding Voltex courses. However, several courses may be installed before backfilling. The backfill must be compacted to a minimum 85% Modified Proctor density.

3.4 Terminations
Voltex should be brought up to the ground level on vertical wall installations. Terminate Voltex at ground level with a rigid metal or plastic termination bar fastened at 300 mm centers. A 300 mm wide strip of UV resistant flashing is recommended to be installed with the termination bar at ground level (Figure 3.8). Embed the top edge of the Voltex and termination bar in 50 mm wide, 12 mm thick bead of Bentoseal. Alternate ground terminations are illustrated in Figures 3.9, 3.10, 3.11 and 3.12.

3.3 Wall Penetrations

Cut Voltex to closely fit around penetrations. After installing Voltex, trowel a minimum 40 mm thick fillet of Bentoseal around the penetration to completely fill any space between the penetration and the Voltex edge. The Bentoseal should extend onto the penetration 40 mm and cover Voltexs edge (Figure 3.6). In areas where multiple penetrations are close together, it may be impractical to cut Voltex to fit around each penetration. Trowel Bentoseal 20 mm thick covering the entire surface around the penetrations (Figure 3.7). Then apply a 40 mm thick fillet of Bentoseal around each penetration, extending 40 mm onto the penetration. Figure 3.6 Single poured-in-place penetration detail.

Figure 3.8 Termination at finished ground

TERMINATE VOLTEX WITH A METAL TERMINATION STRIP COVERED WITH A 12X50mm BEAD OF BENTOSEAL GROUND LEVEL 300mm WIDE UV RESISTANT MEMBRANE (OPTIONAL) VOLTEX

VO LTEX RC W ALL COM PACTED B A C K F IL L P IP E W A TE R STO P R X 101 PUDDLE FLANG E S E C U R E D W IT H W IR E 4 0 X 4 0 m m T R IA N G U L A R F IL L E T OF BENTOSEAL.

FOR PROJECT SPECIFIC DETAILS CONSULT CETCOS TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT

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Figure 3.9 Termination at ground level.

VOLTEX OVERLAPPED 150mm BY A LOAD BEARING DPM WITH A 5X50 BEAD OF BENTOSEAL IN THE LAP. FOR CONTINUITY OF WATERPROOFING THE DPM SHOULD PASS THROUGH THE WALL TO BOND ON TO THE DPC.

Figure 3.10 Termination at ground with Volseal 10F

VO LSEAL 10F
VOLSEAL 10F 300mm WIDE

35m m dia BEAD O F BENTOSEAL GROUND LEVEL 150 VO LTEX TERM INATIO N STRIP VO LTEX

GROUND LEVEL

150

5X50mm BEAD OF BENTOSEAL.

VOLTEX RC WALL

RC W ALL

Figure 3.11 Termination above ground using a 300mm wide UV resistant membrane and a metal termination strip.
URETHANE CAULKING METAL TERMINATION STRIP GROUND LEVEL

Figure 3.12 Termination at ground with cut reglet

METAL FLASHINGDRESSED DOW N OVER VOLTEX W ITH 5X50m mBEAD OF BENTOSEAL

GROUND LEVEL

300mm WIDE UV RESISTANT MEMBRANE 5X50 BEAD OF BENTOSEAL

5X50 BEAD OF BENTOSEAL VOLTEX

RC W ALL

RC WALL

VOLTEX

3.5 Masonry Block Walls

Voltex or Voltex DS is not recommended for waterproofing masonry block walls. Consult with CETCO regarding recommended Volclay products and installation guidelines for masonry block walls.

FOR PROJECT SPECIFIC DETAILS CONSULT CETCOS TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT

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SECTION 4 TUNNEL/EARTH COVERED ROOFS

Before installing Voltex on the horizontal roof surface of a tunnel, install Voltex under slab and on vertical walls following the applicable installation section(s) in this manual. Install Voltex with the dark grey (woven) geotextile down, against the concrete roof surface. In this application Voltex requires a minimum 200 mm thick reinforced concrete topping (wear) slab or 600 mm of compacted earth.

Staple Voltex edges together with a standard box stapler to keep the Voltex from moving during the backfill operation. Treat all penetrations with 40 mm thick fillet of Bentoseal. Bentoseal should extend onto Voltex and completely fill any area around the penetration (Figure 4.2). At tunnel surface edges, turn Voltex down onto the vertical wall surface covering the top edge of the vertical wall waterproofing a minimum of 300 mm (Figure 4.3). When backfilling, earth should be placed in front of the equipment so that the heavy wheels or tracks will travel on the fill and not directly on Voltex. Backfill should contain ground material 25 mm or less. A minimum 600 mm of backfill compacted to a minimum 85% Modified Proctor density is required over Voltex to provide containment ballast and protection from traffic (Figure 4.2). When a concrete slab less than 200 mm will be placed onto the tunnel roof, Volclay Swelltite is recommended. Consult CETCO for specific installation guidelines.

4.1 Installation
Prior to installing Voltex, distribute 3 mm of granular bentonite, Voltex Granules, onto the concrete roof deck. Install Voltex from the low point to the high point across the fall line to create a shingle type installation. Overlap Voltex edges a minimum 100 mm and stagger the transverse roll ends a minimum 300 mm (Figure 4.1).

Figure 4.1 Voltex cut and cover tunnel installation

VOLTEX LAID OVER 3mm LAYER OF DRY BENTONITE GRANULES
EX

100 LAP TYPICAL

VO

LT

RX101 WATERSTOP

300 lap

40X40mm FILLET OF BENTONITE PASTE UNDER VOLTEX CONCRETE TUNNEL RX101 WATERSTOP

VO

LT

EX

VO

LT

EX

FOR PROJECT SPECIFIC DETAILS CONSULT CETCOS TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT

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Figure 4.2 Earth covered deck/roof penetration detail

5.2 Contaminated Conditions

Use Voltex CR (Contaminant Resistant) in conditions where the groundwater contains high concentrations of chemicals or salts. These conditions are typically encountered at industrial sites and coastal regions. If groundwater contains strong acids, alkalis, or has a conductivity of 2,500 mhos/cm or greater (high salt concentration), water samples should be submitted to CETCO for compatibility testing. For compatibility testing, provide one litre of site groundwater in a clean, unbreakable container. Ship water sample to: CETCO Technical Department, CWG, Birch House, Scotts Quays, Birkenhead, United Kingdom, CH41 1FB. Upon analysis, CETCO will provide a written report evaluating the waters compatibility with Voltex and recommend any special installation requirements.

PIPE
MINIMUM SOIL COVER 600mm

VOLTEX OVER 3mm LAYER OF DRY BENTONITE GRANULES

RC. ROOF STRUCTURE

40X40mm FILLET OF BENTONITE PASTE.

BUILDING INTERIOR

WATERSTOP RX101

Figure 4.3 Tunnel roof installation detail. Apply a 3 mm layer of granular bentonite prior to Voltex

5.3 Tie-in with Envirosheet Self-Adhering Waterproofing Membrane.

Occasionally, a project design will require Voltex to tie-in with Envirosheet self-adhering waterproofing membrane. The following installation guidelines refer to this detail. First, apply Envirosheet waterproofing membrane to structural substrate following Envirosheet installation instructions. Trowel M-2000 Liquid Flashing or Envirosheet Mastic over the termination edge of the Envirosheet. Install Voltex, with dark grey side against the concrete, overlapping the Envirosheet a minimum of 30 cm. mechanically fasten Voltex at 300-600 mm centres with washerhead fasteners. (Fastener will penetrate through Envirosheet into concrete.) Trowel Bentoseal 9 mm thick over each fastener, extending onto Voltex in a 25 mm circle around each fastener. Finally, install a 300 mm wide strip of Envirosheet centred on the edge of the Voltex. Firmly press the Envirosheet strip against the Voltex and Envirosheet membrane.

3mm LAYER OF DRY BENTONITE GRANULES

MINIMUM SOIL COVER 600mm

VOLTEX

RC. ROOF STRUCTURE

300 LAP.

WATERSTOP RX101

VO

LT

EX

SECTION 5 SPECIAL CONDITIONS 5.1 Pre-cast Concrete Plank Installation

CETCO recommends Volclay Swelltite membranes for waterproofing pre-cast concrete plank decks and roofs. Consult CETCO regarding recommended products and installation guidelines.

FOR APPLICATIONS NOT COVERED IN THIS MANUAL, CONTACT CETCO FOR TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND INSTALLATION GUIDELINES.

FOR PROJECT SPECIFIC DETAILS CONSULT CETCOS TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT

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CONSTRUCTION WATERPROOFING GROUP Birch House Scotts Quays Birkenhead United Kingdom CH41 1FB Tel: +44 (0) 151 606 5900 Fax: +44 (0) 151 606 5932

LIMITED WARRANTY
The information and data contained herein are believed to be accurate and reliable. Specifications and other information contained herein supersede all previously printed material and are subject to change without notice. Manufacturers warranty of installed system is available. Contact seller for terms and sample documents including all limitations. All goods sold by seller are warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship. The foregoing warranty is in lieu of and excludes all other warranties not expressly set forth herein, whether express or implied by operation of law or otherwise including but not limited to any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness. Seller shall not be liable for incidental or consequential losses, damages or expenses, directly or indirectly arising from the sale, handling or use of the goods, or from any other cause relating thereto, and sellers liability hereunder in any case is expressly limited to the replacement (in the form originally shipped) of goods not complying with this agreement or at sellers election, to the repayment of, or crediting buyer with, an amount equal to the purchase price of such goods, whether such claims are for breach of warranty or negligence. Any claim by buyer with reference to the goods sold hereunder for any cause shall be deemed waived by buyer unless submitted to seller in writing within thirty (30) days from the date buyer discovered or should of discovered, any claimed breach. Materials should be inspected and tested by purchaser prior to their use if product quality is subject to verification after shipment. Performance guarantees are normally supplied by the applicator. Note: Volclay Voltex is not an expansion joint material. Expansion joints shall be the responsibility of OTHERS.

U.S. Patents #4, 048, 373; #4, 139, 586; #4, 084, 362 Foreign Patents and Other Patents Pending AUGUST 2001 (Supersedes all previous versions)

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