IAS PRILIMS Electrical Circuits-Theory and Applications Circuit components, network graphs, KCL, KVL; circuit analysis methods

: nodal a nalysis, mesh analysis; basic network theorems and applications; transient analy sis : RL, RC and RLC circuits; sinusoidal steady state analysis; resonant circui ts and applications; coupled circuits and applications; balanced 3-phase circuit s. Two port networks, driving point and transfer functions; poles and zeros of n etwork functions. Signals & Systems Representation of continuous-time and discrete-time signals & system's ; LTI sys tems; convolution; impulse response; time-domain analysis of LTI systems based o n convolution and differential/difference equations. Fourier transform, Laplace transform, Z-transform, Transfer function. Sampling and recovery of signals. Control Systems Elements of control systems; block-diagram representations; open-loop & closed-l oop systems; principles and applications of feed-back. LTI systems : time domain and transform domain analysis. Stability : Routh Hurwitz criterion, root-loci, Nyquist's criterion. Bode-plots, Design of lead-lag compensators; Proportional, PI, PID controllers. E.M. Theory Electro-static and magneto-static fields; Maxwell's equations; e.m. waves and wa ve equations; wave propagation and antennas; transmission lines; micro-wave reso nators, cavities and wave guides. Electrical Engineering Materials Electrical/electronic behaviour of materials : conductivity; free-electrons and band-theory; intrinsic and extrinsic semi-conductor, p-n junction; solar cells, super-conductivity. Dielectric behaviour of materials : polarization phenomena; piezo-electric phenomena. Magnetic materials: behaviour and application. Analog Electronics Diode circuits: rectifiers filters, clipping and clamping, zener diode and volta ge regulation. Bipolar and field effect transistors (BJT, JFET and MOSFET) : Cha racteristics, biasing and small signal equivalent circuits. Basic amplifier circ uits; differential amplifier circuits. Amplifiers : analysis, frequency response . Principles of feedback; OPAMP circuits; filters; oscillators. Digital Electronics Boolean algebra; minimisation of Boolean function; logic gates, digital IC famil ies (DTL, TTL, ECL, MOS, CMOS). Combinational circuits : arithmetic circuits, co de converters, multiplexers and decoder's. Sequential circuits : latches and fli p-flops, counters and shift-registers. Comparators, timers, multivibrators. Samp le and hold circuits; ADCs and DACs. Semiconductor memories. Communication Systems Fourier analysis of signals : amplitude, phase and power spectrum, auto-correlat ion and cross-correlation and their Fourier transforms. Analog modulation system s : amplitude and angle modulation and demodulation systems, spectral analysis;

superheterodyne receivers. Pulse code modulation (PCM), differential PCM, delta modulation. Digital modulation schemes : amplitude, phase and frequency shift ke ying schemes (ASK, PSK, FSK). Multiplexing : time-division, frequency-division. Additive Gaussian noise : characterization using correlation, probability densit y function, power spectral density, Signal-to-noise ratio calculations for AM an d FM. Elements of digital communication systems : source coding, channel coding; digital modulation & demodulation. Elements of Information theory, channel capa city. Elements of satellite and mobile communication; principles of television e ngineering; radar engineering and radio aids to navigation. Computers and Microprocessors Computer organization : number representation and arithmetic, functional organiz ation, machine instructions, addressing modes, ALU, hardwired and microprogramme d control, memory organization. Elements of microprocessors : 8-bit microprocess ors -architecture, instruction set, assembly level programming, memory, I/O inte rfacing, microcontrollers and applications. Measurement and Instrumentation Error analysis; measurement of current voltage, power, energy, power-factor, res istance, inductance, capacitance and frequency; bridge measurements. Electronic measuring instruments: multimeter, CRO, digital voltmeter, frequency counter, Qmeter, spectrum-analyser, distortion-meter. Transducers: thermocouple, thermisto r, LVDT, strain-guages, piezo-electric crystal. Use of transducers in measuremen t of non-electrical quantities. Data-acquisition systems. Energy Conversion Single-phase transformer : equivalent circuit, phasor-diagram, tests, regulation and efficiency; three-phase transformer; auto transformer. Principles of energy conversion-d.c. generators and motors: Performers characteristics, starting and speed control armature reaction and commutation; three-phase induction motor; p erformance characteristics, starting and speed control. Single-phase induction m otor. Synchronous generators: performance characteristics, regulation, parallel operation. Synchronous motors: starting characteristics, applications; synchrono us condensor. FHP motors, permanent magnet and stepper motors, brushless d.c. mo tors, single-phase motors. Power Systems Electric power generation : thermal, hydro, nuclear. Transmission line parameter s: steady-state performance of overhead transmission lines and cables. Distribut ion systems : insulators, bundle conductors, corona and radio interference effec ts; per-unit quantities; bus admittance and impedance matrices; load flow; volta ge control and power factor correction. Economic operation. Principles of over c urrent, differential and distance protection; solid state relays, circuit breake rs, concept of system stability. HVDC transmission. Power Electronics and Electric Drives Semiconductor power devices : diode, transistor, thyristor, triac, GTO and MOSFE T, static characteristics, principles of operation; triggering circuits; phase c ontrolled rectifiers; bridge converters-fully controlled and half controlled; pr inciples of thyristor chopper and inverter. Basic concept of speed control of DC and AC motor drives. Elements of IC Fabrication Technology Overview of IC Technology. Unit steps used in IC fabrication : wafer cleaning, p

hoto-lithography, wet and dry etching, oxidation, diffusion, ion-implantation, C VD and LPCVD techniques for deposition of poly-silicon, silicon, silicon-pnitrid e and silicon dioxide; metallisation and passivation.

MAINS: Paper-I 1. Circuit Theory: Circuit components; network graphs; KCL, KVL; circuit analysis methods: nodal an alysis, mesh analysis; basic network theorems and applications; transient analys is: RL, RC and RLC circuits; sinusoidal steady state analysis; resonant circuits ; coupled circuits; balanced 3-phase circuits; Two-port networks. 2. Signals & Systems: Representation of continuous time and discrete-time signals & systems; LTI systems ; convolution; impulse response; time-domain analysis of LTI systems based on co nvolution and differential/difference equations. Fourier transform, Laplace tran sform, Z-transform, Transfer function. Sampling and recovery of signals DFT, FFT Processing of analog signals through discrete-time systems. 3. E.M. Theory: Maxwell s equations, wave propagation in bounded media. Boundary conditions, refle ction and refraction of plane waves. Transmission line: travelling and standing waves, impedance matching, Smith chart. 4. Analog Electronics: Characteristics and equivalent circuits (large and small-signal) of Diode, BJT, JFET and MOSFET. Diode circuits: clipping, clamping, rectifier. Biasing and bias stability. FET amplifiers. Current mirror; Amplifiers: single and multi-stage, differential, operational, feedback and power. Analysis of amplifiers; frequency -response of amplifiers. OPAMP circuits. Filters; sinusoidal oscillators: criter ion for oscillation; single-transistor and OPAMP configurations. Function genera tors and wave-shaping circuits. Linear and switching power supplies. 5. Digital Electronics: Boolean algebra; minimization of Boolean functions; logic gates; digital IC fami lies (DTL, TTL, ECL, MOS, CMOS). Combinational circuits: arithmetic circuits, co de converters, multiplexers and decoders. Sequential circuits: latches and flipflops, counters and shift-registers. Comparators, timers, multivibrators. Sample and hold circuits, ADCs and DACs. Semiconductor memories. Logic implementation using programmable devices (ROM, PLA, FPGA). 6. Energy Conversion: Principles of electromechanical energy conversion: Torque and emf in rotating ma chines. DC machines: characteristics and performance analysis; starting and spee d control of motors; Transformers: principles of operation and analysis; regulat ion, efficiency; 3-phase transformers. 3-phase induction machines and synchronou s machines: characteristics and preformance analysis; speed control.

7. Power Electronics and Electric Drives: Semiconductor power devices: diode, transistor, thyristor, triac, GTO and MOSFET s tatic characteristics and principles of operation; triggering circuits; phase co ntrol rectifiers; bridge converters: fully-controlled and half-controlled; princ iples of thyristor choppers and inverters; DC-DC converters; Switch mode inverte r; basic concepts of speed control of dc and ac motor drives applications of var iable-speed drives. 8. Analog Communication: Random variables: continuous, discrete; probability, probability functions. Stat istical averages; probability models; Random signals and noise: white noise, noi se equivalent bandwidth; signal transmission with noise; signal to noise ratio. Linear CW modulation: Amplitude modulation: DSB, DSB-SC and SSB. Modulators and Demodulators; Phase and Frequency modulation: PM & FM signals; narrowband FM; ge neration & detection of FM and PM, Deemphasis, Preemphasis. CW modulation system : Superhetrodyne receivers, AM receivers, communication receivers, FM receivers, phase locked loop, SSB receiver Signal to noise ratio calculation for AM and FM receivers. Paper-II 1. Control Systems: Elements of control systems; block-diagram representation; open-loop & closed-lo op systems; principles and applications of feed-back. Control system components. LTI systems: time-domain and transform-domain analysis. Stability: Routh Hurwit z criterion, root-loci, Bode-plots and polar plots, Nyquist s criterion; Design of lead-lad compensators. Proportional, PI, PID controllers. State-variable repres entation and analysis of control systems. 2. Microprocessors and Microcomputers: PC organisation; CPU, instruction set, register set, timing diagram, programming , interrupts, memory interfacing, I/O interfacing, programmable peripheral devic es. 3. Measurement and Instrumentation: Error analysis; measurement of current, voltage, power, energy, power-factor, re sistance, inductance, capacitance and frequency; bridge measurement. Signal cond itioning circuit; Electronic measuring instruments: multimeter, CRO, digital vol tmeter, frequency counter, Q-meter, spectrum-analyzer, distortion-meter. Transdu cers: thermocouple, thermistor, LVDT, strain-gauge, piezo-electric crystal. 4. Power Systems: Analysis and Control: Steady-state performance of overhead transmission lines and cables; principles o f active and reactive power transfer and distribution; per-unit quantities; bus admittance and impedance matrices; load flow; voltage control and power factor c orrection; economic operation; symmetrical components, analysis of symmetrical a nd unsymmetrical faults. Concept of system stability: swing curves and equal are a criterion. Static VAR system. Basic concepts of HVDC transmission. 5. Power System Protection: Principles of overcurrent, differential and distance protection. Concept of soli d state relays. Circuit breakers. Computer aided protection: Introduction; line bus, generator, transformer protection; numeric relays and application of DSP to

protection. 6. Digital Communication: Pulse code modulation (PCM), differential pulse code modulation (DPCM), delta mo dulation (DM), Digital modulation and demodulation schemes: amplitude, phase and frequency keying schemes (ASK, PSK, FSK). Error control coding: error detection and correction, linear block codes, convolution codes. Information measure and source coding. Data networks, 7-layer architecture.