PAMANTASAN NG LUNGSOD NG VALENZUELA POBLACION II, MALINTA, VALENZUELA CITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

NOISE POLLUTION

SUBMITTED BY: Members: Ballesteros, Loren M. Cacho, Edmond M. de Roca, Joenile Rhey L. Delgado, Jaycel P. Kishimoto, Ryuichi T. BSEE 3-1 SUBMITTED TO: Engr. Eugenio Lotivio DATE: January 18, 2014

Noise pollution - is the disturbing or excessive noise that may harm the activity or balance of human or animal life. The source of most outdoor noise worldwide is mainly caused by machines and transportation systems, motor vehicles, aircraft, and trains.

The nature of sound

Sound, a manifestation of vibration, travels in wave patterns through solids, liquids and gases. The waves, caused by vibration of the molecules, follow sine functions, typified by the amplitude and wavelength (or frequency) Sound and human hearing - People generally hear sounds between the threshold of hearing and the threshold of pain In terms of pressure, this is 20 Pa 100 Pa -The decibel scale was developed from this fact and makes numbers more manageable -The decibel scale generally ranges from approximately 0 to 130

Causes of Noise Pollution

The sources of noise are more in urban and industrial areas than in rural areas. The sources in general may be stationary or mobile. 1. Stationary Sources Use of loudspeakers on various occasions like festivals, elections, worships in temples, mosques and during advertisements, mining operations, use of bulldozers, drillers and dynamites to break rocks, household gadgets like vacuum cleaner, TV, radio, stereo, grinder, mixer etc., common vegetable and fish markets. 2. Mobile Sources Road traffic, railway traffic, air traffic, navigation etc the sources of noise can be classified in following categories: (1) Transportation / Traffic noise (2) Industrial noise (3) Noise from construction work (4) Neighborhood noise 1. Transportation / Traffic Noise The main threat of noise comes from transport. A survey in Delhi, Mumbai and Kolkata showed that daytime noises varied from 60 dB (A) in busy localities. In some heavy traffic areas, the average noise level reached up to 90 dB (A) even at nights. 2. Industrial Noise In industries, noise is the by-product of energy conversion. The compressors, generators, furnaces, looms, grinding mills, release valves and exhaust fans are the most offending noise sources. The common noise level in most units is 80-120 dB(A), which is really hazardous. Studies showed that 1.3 per cent of industrial workers suffer from tinnitus for noise exposure levels up to 80 dB. 3. Noise from Construction Work Noise from construction sites is generally far worse than the noise originating from factories. There are two reasons for this - one is that construction (of roads, bridges, buildings, dams etc.) may become necessary anywhere and the other reason is that construction equipments are inherently noisy. 4. Neighbourhood Noise During the festivals especially Dipavali, fireworks push up the noise level up to 80-100 I dB(A) during evening hours, against the normal level of 50 dB(A).

Effects
Noise is considered a serious threat to the environmental health. Some of the adverse effects of noise pollution are given below: 1. It interferes with speech. In the presence of noise we may not able to follow, what the other person is saying.

2. Noise leads to emotional and behavioral stress. A person may feel disturbed in the presence of loud noise such as produced by heating of drums. 3. Noise may permanently damage hearing. A sudden loud noise can cause severe damage to the eardrum. 4. Noise increases the chances of occurrence of diseases such as headache, blood pressure, heart failure, etc. 5. Noise leads to increased heart beat, constriction of blood vessels and dilation of pupil. 6. Noise is a problem especially for patients who need rest. 7. Noise may cause damage to liver, brain and heart.

Noise Control and Prevention

Control of Noise pollution at Source Noise producing industries, railway stations, aerodrome, etc. should be located far away from the residential areas. We should play various music systems such as stereos, television, etc. at low volume. We should not use loud speakers during night. Even during time they should be used at low volumes. Various machines should be well maintained so that they produce less sound. It is observed that certain persons blow horns of their vehicles unnecessarily, or remove silencers of the exhaust pipes of vehicles. By constructing soundproof buildings, the menace of sound pollution can be minimized. Plants also help in controlling noise pollution because they absorb high frequency sound waves. Thus, planting trees along the roads help in controlling noise pollution. -Such practices produce lot of noise and should be avoided. Laws should be framed so that the persons producing unnecessary noise are punished. Control of Noise Pollution by obstructing the path of Noise