Anatomy and Function of the Respiratory System

Respiration is the act of breathing:

• inhaling (inspiration) - taking in oxygen.

• exhaling (expiration) - giving off carbon dioxide.

The respiratory system is made up of the organs involved in the interchanges of gases,
and consists of the:

• nose
• pharynx
• larynx
• trachea
• bronchi
• lungs

The upper respiratory tract includes the following:

• nose
• nasal cavity
• sinuses

o ethmoid
o frontal
o maxillary
o sphenoid

• larynx
• trachea

The lower respiratory tract includes the following:

 • lungs
• airways (bronchi and bronchioles)
• air sacs (alveoli)

The Function Of The Lungs

The lungs take in oxygen, which cells need to live and carry out their normal functions.
The lungs also get rid of carbon dioxide, a waste product of the body's cells.

The lungs are a pair of cone-shaped organs made up of spongy, pinkish-gray tissue. They
take up most of the space in the chest, or the thorax (the part of the body between the
base of the neck and diaphragm).

The lungs are enveloped in a membrane called the pleura.

The lungs are separated from each other by the mediastinum, an area that contains the
following:

• heart and its large vessels

• trachea (windpipe)
• esophagus
• thymus
• lymph nodes

The right lung has three sections, called lobes. The left lung has two lobes. When you
breathe, the air:

• enters the body through the nose or the mouth.

• travels down the throat through the larynx (voice box) and trachea (windpipe).
• goes into the lungs through tubes called main-stem bronchi.

o one main-stem bronchus leads to the right lung and one to the left lung

o in the lungs, the main-stem bronchi divide into smaller bronchi

o and then into even smaller tubes called bronchioles

o bronchioles end in tiny air sacs called alveoli

PATIENT PROFILE:

Name: Gwyneth Bala Ednilao

Present Address: Bungro Pinili S. Norte

Home Address: Bungro Pinili S. Norte

Age: 4 years old

Religion: Roman Catholic

Gender: Female

Nationality: Filipino

Date o Admission: January 21, 2008

Time: 4 A.M

Hospital: Corpuz Clinic and Hospital

Ward: Sta. Catalina Ward

Admitting Physician: Dr. Corpuz

Chief Complain: fever, cough and colds

Admitting Diagnosis: Acute Bronchitis

IV. PEARSON ASSESSMENT

 January 22, 2008
Gwyneth Bala Ednilao 4 y/o, living in Bungro

P
Pinili S. Norte

General appearance:
She is weak in appearance, having productive
cough, irritable and restless

S>
“Uyek nga uyek isuna supay ngata pakirigrigatan
na ah umangesen” added by the mother

Eliminates adequately, an average of 1 per day.

E
Usual bowel pattern. Sweats moderately.

Sleeps fairly

R Activity: mostly lying on bed and sitting on chair

S
Weak in appearance
No known allergies to any foods

Medications:
Paracetamol syrup
Cefalexin Suspension
Ascorbic Acid Syrup
With initial V/S as follows:

O
BT 37C
HR: 180bpm
RR: 30cpm
No DOB
Hgb 14.6g/dl
Hct 44%
WBC 11.2
Neutrophils 0.92
Lymphocytes 0.08
Platelet count: 295
Diet appropriate for age

N
Good appetite. Eats 1 cup of rice with meat and
vegetable
Nursing History of Past and Present Illness

PTA Gwyneth Bala Ednilao was having cough for 2 days. She suffered cold,

fever and headache. Her mother was worried because her cough was unusual she is

irritable, restless and she has difficulty in sleeping, she was also given parecetamol

calpol, as the days past her daughter was having productive cough and then her mother

decided to consult her at Corpuz Clinic and Hospital.

Republic of the Philippines

University of Northern Philippines
Tamag, Vigan City
 College Of Nursing

In Partial Fulfillment
in the requirements
of the subject
RLE

Nursing Care Plan

Submitted to :
Mr. Ace Florendo R.N
Clinical Instructor

Submitted By:
Manuel Peralta Jr.
BSN IV-F

February 5, 2008