Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Based on the kinetic theory of matter, the particles in matter (gas) will always moving and collide each
other. When the temperature is high, the particles have high kinetic energy that causes them to move and
collide more frequent. The particles of reactions (atoms, molecules or ions) need to be contacted to each
other to let the making and breaking bonds process to occur. Therefore, particles need to collide each
other so that the reaction can take places.
• Effective collision – the collision that produces reaction by reaching enough minimum
energy with correct orientation. Total energy for particles’ collision must be
same or larger than activation energy.
• Activation energy – the minimum energy required for the particles that collide to let the
reaction to occur and give product of reaction. Each reaction gives different value of
activation energy. Activation energy is needed to break the bond and produce new
bonding in a reaction. The reaction with high activation energy occurs in slow rate
compare to the reaction with lower activation energy.
1. Effect of surface area– when size is small, total surface area for the reaction
increase. So, the chances for collision also increase (effective collision frequency
increase) making the rate of reaction to increase.
2. Effect of pressure – for reaction involving gas, when pressure increase, the
particles of gases will be compressed to fill smaller space. The number of gas
particles per unit volume increase. The collision chances also increase (effective
collision frequency increase) and increasing rate of reaction.
ENGAGE
3. What factor that effect the process to occur faster and increasing the rate of reaction in above
process?
EMPOWER
STEPS
1. Particles need to collide to each other in order for the reaction to occur.
2. Effective collision will only occur if the particle’s collision has the same or larger
activation energy and in correct orientation to produce reactions.
2. Effect of pressure
3. Effect of concentration
4. Effect of temperature
5. Effect of catalyst
RESULT
1.http://www.chem.uci.edu/undergrad/applets/sim/simulation.htm
The movement of particles (chemical kinetics)
2. http://www.chemguide.co.uk/physical/basicrates/introduction.html
Activation energy
3. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VbIaK6PLrRM
Activation Energy
4. http://www.chm.davidson.edu/vce/kinetics/ReactionRates.html
Effect of Concentration
5. http://www.sinauer.com/cooper/4e/animations0301.html
Effect of Catalyst
Question
1. What are the specifications of collision that can lead to effective collision?
2. What is activation energy?
Answer:
1. Effective collision can occur if two condition is obeyed that is the collision energy is the same or
greater to the activation energy and the collision must be in correct orientation.
2. Activation energy is the minimum energy required for the particles that collide to let the reaction occur
and give the product of reaction.
3. When the concentration is lowered, the particles exist per unit volume will decrease. So, the chance for
the particles to collide each other will also decrease. This will cause the effective collision frequency to be
lowered and decreasing the rate of reaction.
4. The catalyst provided the alternative pathway for the reaction that will cause the lowering of the
activation energy. Therefore, more particles that collide will have new lower activation energy and
increasing the effective collision frequency. So, the rate of reaction will also increase.
ENHANCE
Objective Questions
2. The solution of Sodium Tiosulphate react with Hydrocloric acid to form Sulphur. The addition in the
concentration of Sodium Tiosulphate will increase the rate of reaction in forming Sulphur because
3. For the reaction involving gases, the rate of reaction will increase if the pressure is increase. This is
because
Subjective Questions
4. What is the effect when cooking in high pressure pot compare to normal pot?
5. Which one will melt faster; small size of ice or larger size of ice. Why?
7. Draw the graph of activation energy versus time to differentiate the condition of reaction in normal
process and the reaction in existence of catalyst.