Part I: Introduction 1: Who are the ELF? What are they against?

- The Earth Liberation Front known as ELF, and they're against the research of science like biotechnology. 2: Which crop was the catalyst to the GMO food industry? - Corn. 3: What is the gene gun? How does it work? - A biolistic particle delivery system, originally designed for plant transformation, is a device for injecting cells with genetic information Part 2: BT 4: Which university was the 1st to try GMO foods? - New York State, Cornel University 5: What were some of the first ideas for GMOs? - They thought it would change the chemical in it, and modify the food to make it better. 6: Who are Monsanto? What did they set out to do? - Monsanto is a multinational agricultural biotechnology corporation. They set out to make GMO foods. They wanted corn to make its own pesticide. 7: What is a big risk for corn crops? What is the problem with spraying with pesticides? - The big risk for corn crops, is that it could harm us. Spraying pesticides are bad for the environment and us humans. 8: What is BT? What does it do? - BT is Bacillus thuringiensis. It is used as a biopesticide against insects. 9: Why was genetically engineering considered to be a saver of the environment? - It was considered to be a saver of the environment because it couldn't need pestides to kill bugs, which id good for the environment. 10: When did GM foods get into the widespread media? - GM foods rapidly got into the widespread media. Part III: The Anti-GM Movement 11: What did the European Union vote for? - A ban. 12: What did the University of New Mexico researchers find out from surveys and

focus groups? - The University of New Mexico found out that people don't know, or think that they do not eat genetically Modified food. 13: What is your opinion on GMOs? (Before watching the video?) - I thought that GMOs was a bad idea. And I still think it is. 14: Can someone prove that GM foods are safe? - No, no one can prove if GM foods are safe because they're genetically modified. 15: How are GM foods tested for safety? - GM foods are almost never tested for safety, and if they do, they don't do it safely and accurate. 16: How does Monsanto test their GM foods at the molecular level? - They tested it, and say that there isn't evidence that something can go wrong. 17: What does the USDA, FDA and EPA do for GM foods? - USDA: Check if they're safe to grow. - FDA: Check if they're safe to eat. - EPA: Get involved with crops that contain BT. Part IV: Allergies 18: Why are people concerned about allergies with GM crops? - They are concerned because some allergies with GM crops could kill them. 19: Why should people have confidence in GM foods? - People should have confidence in GM foods because they are tested safe. 20: What do the Union of Concerned Scientists believe should be done? - They believe that we should check our food, and be safe. 21: What happened to Starlink Corn? Explain the events and consequences. - What happened to "Starlink Corn", was that it exposed consumers to Cry9C. So they stopped. 22: Describe the meaning of the statement, The absence of evidence isnt the absence of harm. - It means that if there is no evidence, then it could be really harmful. Part V: GM History

23: How did humans get different types of fruits and vegetables? - Humans got different types of fruits & vegetables by the spread of seeds. 24: What are some of the risks of natural breeding of fruits and vegetables? - Some risks are, that it could be dangerous because it could contain problems. 25: What is the difference between classic breeding and genetic engineering? - "classical" is natural, and genetic is man-made, which could cause problems. 26: Do you believe that a single gene in a new species would change the species as a whole? - No, I don't think so 27: Monsanto holds 12% of U.S. agricultural patents. Part VI: GMOs and the Environment 28: Monarch Butterflies love to eat _________Nectar_____________ 29: What did the scientists find out about the BT Corn and Monarch Butterfly Caterpillars? - The studies showed that monarch caterpillars have to be exposed to pollen levels greater than 1,000 grains/cm2 to show toxic effects. Part VII: GMOs and Consumers 30: What is the difference between BT Corn Pollen in the lab and in the field? - BT corn pollen in lab is not spread out as much as in the field. More affects happen in the field. 31: Why is it so hard to know if BT Corn Pollen is harmful to Monarch Butterflies in the field? - It's so hard to know if BT Corn Pollen is harmful to Monarch Butterflies in the field because they're hard to detect. The caterpillar stage of the Monarch feeds on milkweed. Laboratory studies show some mortality in Monarch caterpillars fed milkweed leaves covered with BT corn pollen. 32: If you had the choice between BT Corn and spraying with insecticide- which would you choose and why?

- I'd choose insecticide, because BT is harmful for butterflies. Insecticides are not as harmful to the other creatures. 33: What does it mean when food is organically grown? - When food is organically grown, it means that food is grown and processed using no synthetic fertilizers or pesticides. 34: What are the fears of using BT Corn over time? - The fears of using BT over time is that biological systems are infinitely flexible and far smarter. They always seem to manage to be very effective at overcoming whatever mechanism we use to try and control them.Part VIII: Pesticide Resistance & Feeding the World 35: What has the EPA mandated against the pesticide resistance? How should this help? - EPA requires a registrant to place a statement on the label regarding places where a pesticide's use has been banned. 36: Why is it hard to guarantee that foods are GM free? *It's hard to guarantee that foods are GM free because they're not labeling them properly, and get them all mixed up. 37: What is subsistence agriculture? - Subsidence agriculture is the form of farming in which nearly all the crops or livestock raised are used to maintain the farmer and his family, leaving little surplus for sale or trade. 38: Why did Monsanto invest in the sweet potato for Africa? What were the results? - To develop a virus resistance sweet potato through biotechnology. The results were a failure. Part VIIII: Feeding the World 39: What is one of the biggest problems with soil in farming in parts of Mexico? - Soil erosion from corn production has been a problem since the Mesoamerican period. 40: Why do people resist the idea of helping people with GM foods? - People resist the idea of helping with GM foods because they endanger people's health.

Part X: Success and Challenges 41: How much money did Monsanto donate toward the world agriculture project? *Monsanto donated $380,000. 42: What other actions have the ELF taken? *ELF has taken a variety of criminal actions since 1992. Actions were rarely publicized prior to 1996 and are therefore difficult to find. 43: The genetic Salmon have been engineered to grow __15 to 20 __ x larger than regular Salmon. - 15 20% larger. 44: What is special about the transgenic Salmon? - It grows twice as fast as its wild counterpart. 45: What is the good genes hypothesis? - An explanation which suggests that the traits females choose when selecting a mate are honest indicators of the males ability to pass on genes that will increase the survival or reproductive success of her offspring.Part XI: Population Problems 46: What did the model tell us about what would happen if the transgenic fish escaped and ended up mating with regular fish? - Then all fish will end up to be GMOs. 47: What other GM products are in development? Explain the plans for bananas. - Some foods, such as bananas, are picked when unripe, then artificially ripped in time. 48: What is golden rice and how it is helpful? Explain - Golden rice is a variety of Oryza sativa rice produced through genetic engineering to biosynthesize beta-carotene, it's helpful because it's a precursor of vitamin A.Part VII: The Future of GM Products 49: Why are biotech companies worried about labeling GM products? - Biotech companies worried about labeling GM products because then people won't want to buy their products. 50: Why do labels reduce Americans fear of GM food? - Labels reduce Americans fear of GM food because now they now what they're eating. November 2012- California voters rejected Prop 37, which would have required retailers and food companies to label products made with genetically modified ingredients.

51: In spite of the fact that people in focus groups stated that they would rather see GM foods labeled, proposition 37 was rejected by Californians in November 2012. Voters were concerned about the increased costs of products that would be forced to be labeled. What is your opinion of labeling? - Foods labels are letting buyers trust the items that they buy. Letting them know what their foods come from. So, I think labeling is important and should be continued.