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Issue Date
02 2012-06-30
Notice
The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and the customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be within the purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements, information, and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or representations of any kind, either express or implied. The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and recommendations in this document do not constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.
Contents
Contents
1 Introduction to This Document ......................................................................................... 1-1
1.1 Scope ...................................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.2 Intended Audience ................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.3 Change History ........................................................................................................................ 1-1
Issue 02 (2012-06-30)
Contents
Issue 02 (2012-06-30)
ii
Personnel working on Huawei GSM products or systems System operators who need a general understanding of this feature
Feature change Feature change refers to the change in the 2-Antenna receive diversity feature of a specific product version.
Editorial change Editorial change refers to the change in wording or the addition of the information that was not described in the earlier version.
Document Issues
The document issues are as follows:
02 (2012-06-30)
This is the second release of GBSS13.0. Compared with issue 01(2011-03-31) of GBSS13.0, issue 02 (2012-06-30) of GBSS13.0 incorporates the changes described in the following table. Change Type Feature change Editorial change Change Description None Added the following chapters: Chapter 4 "Related Features"
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1-1
01 (2011-03-31)
This is the first release of GBSS13.0. Compared with issue draft A (2011-01-15) of GBSS13.0, issue 01 (2011-03-31) of GBSS13.0 has no change.
Draft A (2011-01-15)
This is the draft release of GBSS13.0. Compared with issue 01 (2010-06-30) of GBSS12.0, issue Draft A (2011-01-15) of GBSS13.0 has no change.
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2 Overview
2 Overview
In a wireless communications system, the radio signal from the transmitter arrives at the receiver through two or more paths. This phenomenon is called multipath propagation. With multipath propagation, the amplitude, phase, and angle of the received signal change. This phenomenon is called multipath fading. As a result, the quality of the received signal deteriorates. Diversity is one of the techniques used to handle multipath fading in the communications system. It increases the signal-to-noise ratio by superimposing uncorrelated signals. The diversity technique in GSM involves time diversity, frequency diversity, and space diversity. In the case of space diversity, multiple antennas are used at the receiver to receive uncorrelated signals of the same source (superimposition of uncorrelated signals). In engineering implementation, generally two antennas (or two polarization ends of the same polarization antenna) are used to receive signals. The signals received from the two antennas can be combined in different ways to obtain desired signals, for example, Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC), Interference Cancellation Combining (ICC), and Enhanced Interference Rejection Combining (EICC).
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3 Technical Description
3 Technical Description
3.1 Technical Principle
The 2-antenna receive diversity technique combines the signals received from the two diverse antennas at the receiving end to mitigate multipath interference. Figure 3-1 shows the working principle of 2-antenna receive diversity. Figure 3-1 Working principle of 2-antenna receive diversity
Noise and interference W1 RX channel 1 RX signal r1(k )
S (k ) 1
y(k)
S (k ) 2
As shown in Figure 3-1: 1. The signal x(k) arrives at the diverse antennas through two RX channels. The two RX signals are identified as r1(k) and r2(k). After the superimposition of interference and noise, the two RX signals are identified as S1(k) and S2(k). 2. Based on the maximum signal-to-noise ratio criterion, the adaptive combining coefficients W1 and W2 are calculated and the output signal is obtained through the formula: y(k) = W1 x S 1(k) + W2 x S2(k). The combining algorithms consist of the MRC, ICC, and EICC. In Figure 3-1 the two RX channels correspond to the main and diversity RX channels of the TRX. You should set RCVMD to MAINDIVERSITY(Main Diversity) to enable the 2-Antenna Receive Diversity feature.
3.2.2 ICC
ICC is a multi-antenna combining technique developed from MRC. In tight frequency reuse scenarios the interfering signals received at diverse antennas may come from the same interfering source. Therefore, a certain correlation exists among these interfering signals. ICC uses this correlation when combining the signals of the two antennas to eliminate certain interference. The use of ICC can improve the speech quality and data throughput in situations with strong interference, for example, the network where tight frequency reuse is in place. ICC can suppress the interference within the GSM system and from other systems if correlation exists between the interfering signals received on diverse antennas.
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3 Technical Description
3.2.3 EICC
EICC is developed from ICC. Generally, the interfering signals received from multiple antennas are both space correlated (among the antennas) and time correlated. The difference between ICC and EICC is that ICC considers only space correlation to eliminate interference whereas EICC considers both space correlation and time correlation to suppress and eliminate interference. EICC is mainly used in high traffic network where tight frequency reuse is in place and in situations where the noise of a single interfering source is limited. The EICC performs better than ICC. (GBFD-115821 EICC) You should set STIRCALLOWED to YES to select the EICC algorithm of 2-antenna receive diversity.
When STIRCALLOWED is set to NO, the system selects the ICC algorithm by default.
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4 Related Features
4 Related Features
Feature MRC ICC EICC Prerequisite Feature None None None Mutually Exclusive Feature None None Automatic Frequency Correction (AFC)
NOTE This feature is disabled automatically after AFC is enabled.
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5.2 ICC
5.2.1 Impact on System Capacity
Compared with the MRC algorithm, the ICC algorithm enhances the network anti-interference capability and improves the uplink receive quality. For CS services, after uplink power control is enabled for MSs, this algorithm decreases the entire network interference and increases the traffic volume. For PS services, this algorithm increases the uplink throughput.
5.3 EICC
5.3.1 Impact on System Capacity
Compared with the ICC algorithm, the EICC algorithm enhances the network anti-interference capability and improves the uplink receive quality. For CS services, after uplink power control is enabled for MSs, this algorithm decreases the entire network interference and increases the traffic volume. For PS services, this algorithm increases the uplink throughput.
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6 Engineering Guidelines
6 Engineering Guidelines
6.1 When to Use the Four Algorithms
6.1.1 MRC Algorithm
Use the MRC algorithm in the following conditions:
The live network is in noise-limited scenarios, for example, railway coverage or rural area coverage. The licenses for the ICC and EICC algorithms have not been obtained.
The live network is in interference-limited scenarios, for example, urban area coverage and tight frequency reuse scenarios with strong interference. The license for the EICC algorithm has not been obtained.
Whether the cell is configured in 2-antenna receive mode Frequency planning data Cell coverage range Traffic volume on the network Whether there is interference in the radio environment
The MRC algorithm improves the network performance at the coverage edge when:
The cell is configured in 2-antenna receive mode. The network frequencies are loosely set. The cell coverage is relatively large.
The ICC and EICC algorithms improve the network anti-interference capability when:
The cell is configured in 2-antenna receive mode. The network frequencies are tightly set. The network interference is strong and traffic is heavy.
These three algorithms are not applicable to cells in one-antenna receive mode.
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6 Engineering Guidelines
Network Topology
N/A
Hardware Planning
The two RX channels of the TRXs must be connected to two antennas, or connected to a dual-polarized antenna.
Parameter Optimization
The ICC algorithm achieves favorable network performance in most scenarios. For scenarios without interference, the MRC algorithm is recommended. For scenarios with tight frequency reuse, heavy traffic, and strong interference, the EICC algorithm is recommended.
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7 Parameters
7 Parameters
Table 7-1 Parameter description Parameter ID RCVMD NE MML Command Feature ID Feature Name Description
BSC690 SET MRFD-21030 Configuratio Meaning: RF receive mode 0 GTRXDEV(Optional) 1 of the TRX. n Managemen The BTS3012, t BTS3012AE, BTS3012II, BTS3006C, and BTS3002E do not support Main Diversity. The DBS3900 GSM and BTS3900 GSM support Four Diversity Receiver and Main Diversity. GUI Value Range: INDEPENDENT(Independe nt Receiver), DIVIDING(Dividing Receiver), FOURDIVERSITY(Four Diversity Receiver), MAINDIVERSITY(Main Diversity), NONE(None) Actual Value Range: INDEPENDENT, DIVIDING, FOURDIVERSITY, MAINDIVERSITY, NONE Default Value: INDEPENDENT Unit: None
Meaning: Whether to enable the EICC algorithm. Enhanced Interference Rejection Combining combines the signals received by multiple antennas to obtain better signals. EICC is mainly used in high traffic network where tight frequency reuse is in place. GUI Value Range: NO(No), YES(Yes) Actual Value Range: NO, YES Default Value: NO
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7 Parameters
Parameter ID
NE
MML Command
Feature ID
Feature Name
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8 Counters
8 Counters
There are no specific counters associated with this feature.
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9 Glossary
9 Glossary
For the acronyms, abbreviations, terms, and definitions, see the Glossary.
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10 Reference Documents
10 Reference Documents
[1] 3GPP TS 25.101, "User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception (FDD)" [2] 3GPP TS 25.211, "Physical channels and mapping of transport channels onto physical channels (FDD)" [3] 3GPP TS 25.306, " UE Radio Access capabilities " [4] 3GPP TS 25.308, "UTRA High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSPDA); Overall description" [5] 3GPP TS 25.321, "Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol specification" [6] BSC6900 Feature List [7] BSC6900 Basic Feature Description [8] BSC6900 GSM Parameter Reference [9] BSC6900 GSM MML Command Reference
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