Name : Titis Karistiantari

Class : 6F

NPM : 11321192

Summary of Semantics

WHAT IS SEMANTIC ABOUT?

In linguistic, they are some different linguistic fields according to which part of this question they focus on : phonetics sounds phonology morphology syntax semantics pragmatics

|_________________________________________________________| meanings

Semantic is actually different with the other part of linguistic fields. Its not like !honology that is the study of the sound patterns of human language, "orphology that is the structure of words and the smallest meaning#$earing units and how they com$ine into words, or Syntax that is the formation of sentences, how words are com$ined to larger units than word, to phrases and sentences. %ecause Semantics is the study of meaning expressed $y elements of a language, characteri&a$le as a sym$olic system.

ABOUTNESS OF LANGUAGE
'he thing that we learn semantics is not a$out learning the physical o$(ects (ust like your shoes, or the trees outside of this $uilding. %ut, it learns a$out meaning of that things.

WHERE IS MEANING?
In semantic, what makes the words meaningful is their relation to the things in the world. %ut meanings, the entities that semantics in)estigates, cannot $e directly o$ser)ed it. # # *irst, it is important to notice that meanings are not located somehow in the physical shape of words, that is, words cannot $e defined in terms of physics. Second, words and other linguistic expressions do not ha)e meanings, $ecause of their sound or look, of their physical features. +xceptions: 'here are some words, like

,%-./0, #

,12IS!+30,

,%4550,

,S!6-S20,

,"43"+30,

,"4"%6+0

78.8"-'8!8+I-9. 'hird, I can make the same statements using the +nglish sentence This is an apple and the 3ussian sentence Eto jbloko with the same meaning. 1hate)er relation the +nglish word apple has to the particular piece of fruit, words for the apple in other languages can ha)e as well.

So, where is meaning actually ?

'he meaning of words cannot $e deri)ed from their physical properties, it cannot $e reduced to the real#world o$(ects or their perception, and it cannot $e reduced to the particular image in my or your mind. 'he meaning of words is to $e deri)ed from the relations $etween words, concepts and things in the real world.

Language is a socia !"enomenon

"any people ha)e $een using the same words to talk to one another. *or example, the using of the word ,gold0 does not ha)e a meaning (ust on its own, $ut rather as part of the much wider use of that word in +nglish. So we ha)e to explain how the using of the word gets its content from all those other uses, $ut putting the words into this larger context may seem to help explain their uni)ersal meaning.