SECTION 08815 Glass and Glazing Accessories Rev 0

SECTION 08815 GLASS AND GLAZING ACCESSORIES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Item No PART 1 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 PART 2 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 Title Page No
GENERAL............................................................................................................ 1 DESCRIPTION OF WORK .................................................................................. 1 SECTION INCLUDES .......................................................................................... 1 RELATED SECTIONS ......................................................................................... 1 REFERENCES..................................................................................................... 2 DEFINITIONS....................................................................................................... 4 SUBMITTALS....................................................................................................... 7 QUALITY CONTROL ........................................................................................... 9 HEALTH AND SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS.................................................... 10 DESIGN CRITERIA............................................................................................ 11 DESIGNATION .................................................................................................. 12 LABELS.............................................................................................................. 12 JOB CONDITIONS............................................................................................. 13 WARRANTY....................................................................................................... 13 MAINTENANCE ................................................................................................. 14 DELIVERY, HANDLING AND STORAGE ......................................................... 14 PRODUCTS ....................................................................................................... 16 GENERAL .......................................................................................................... 16 DESIGNATIONS ................................................................................................ 16 GLASS ............................................................................................................... 18 GLAZING ACCESSORIES ................................................................................ 23 FABRICATION OF GLASS ................................................................................ 29 TOLERANCES................................................................................................... 30
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Contd.)

Item No PART 3 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 Title Page No
EXECUTION ...................................................................................................... 31 EXAMINATION .................................................................................................. 31 STANDARDS AND PERFORMANCE ............................................................... 31 PREPARATION ................................................................................................. 32 INSTALLATION.................................................................................................. 32 INSTALLATION METHODS............................................................................... 35 ADHESIVE INSTALLATION OF MIRRORS ...................................................... 39 MANUFACTURER'S FIELD SERVICES ........................................................... 39 CURING ............................................................................................................. 39 INSPECTION ..................................................................................................... 39 REPLACEMENT, PROTECTION AND CLEANING .......................................... 40
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PART 1
GENERAL
1.01 DESCRIPTION OF WORK A. This Section covers glass materials, and glazing accessories, execution and workmanship specifications used for windows, doors, glazed entrances, interior side lites, sloped glazing, and mirrors installed in Residential Projects, the extent of which is as shown on the Contract Drawings. Glazing products specified apply to factory and field glazed items. The Contractor shall furnish all labor, materials, tools and equipment required to complete the Work.
1.02 SECTION INCLUDES A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. Float Glass Heat-Treated Glass Light Reducing Glass Patterned Glass Reflective Coated Glass Sealed Insulating Glass Units Wired Glass Glazing Gaskets, Compounds and Sealants Glazing Accessories
1.03 RELATED SECTIONS A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. Section 01320 Section 01330 Section 01410 Section 01450 Section 01650 Section 01660 Section 01740 Section 01780 Section 04810 Construction Progress Documentation Submittal Procedures Regulatory Requirements Quality Control Product Delivery Requirements Product Storage and Handling Requirements Cleaning Closeout Submittals Unit Masonry Assemblies
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Section 06415 Section 07920 Section 08105 Section 08500
Cabinets Joint Sealants Doors and Frames Windows
1.04 REFERENCES A. The referred codes and standards are intended to provide an acceptable level of quality for materials, products and workmanship. In case of conflict between these standards and the text of this Specification, the Specification text shall govern. The latest revision of the referred codes and standards shall be used wherever applicable. In case of conflict, the Contractor shall propose equipment, materials and processes conforming to one group of codes and standards. MPWH 1. D. Ministry of Public Works and Housing Glazing
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Section 08800
SABIC Engineering Standard 1. A06-S01 Glass and Glazing Saudi Arabian Standards Organization SASO 1915 Glass in Building - Basic Soda Lime Silicate Glass Products: Definitions and General Physical and Mechanical Properties Glass in Building - Basic Soda Lime Silicate Glass Products: Float Glass Glass in Building - Basic Soda Lime Silicate Glass Products: Patterned Glass Glass in Building - Basic Soda Lime Silicate Glass Products: Wired Patterned Glass American National Standards Institute ANSI Z97.1 Performance Specifications and Methods of Test for Transparent Safety Glazing Materials Used in Buildings American Society for Testing and Materials ASTM C162 ASTM C509 Standard Terminology of Glass and Glass Products Standard Specification for Elastomeric Cellular
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SASO 1.
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SASO 1916
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SASO 1917
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SASO 1918
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ANSI 1.
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ASTM 1. 2.
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Preformed Gasket and Sealing Material 3. ASTM C794 Standard Test Method for Adhesion-in-Peel of Elastomeric Joint Sealants Standard Specification for Dense Elastomeric Compression Seal Gaskets, Setting Blocks, and Spacers Standard Specification for Elastomeric Joint Sealants Standard Specification for Flat Glass Standard Specification for Heat Treated Flat Glass Kind HS, Kind FT Coated and Uncoated Glass Standard Specification for Dense Elastomeric Silicone Rubber Gaskets and Accessories Standard Guide for Use of Joint Sealants Standard Guide for Secondary Seal for Sealed Insulating Glass Units for Structural Sealant Glazing Applications Standard Specification for Pyrolytic and Vacuum Deposition Coatings on Flat Glass Standard Guide for Structural Sealant Glazing Standard Specification for Flexible Cellular MaterialsVinyl Chloride Polymers and Copolymers (ClosedCell Foam) Standard Classification System for Rubber Products in Automotive Applications Standard Specification for Non-rigid Vinyl Chloride Polymer and Copolymer Molding and Extrusion Compounds Standard Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Airborne Sound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions and Elements Standard Test Method For Determining the Rate of Air Leakage Through Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, and Doors Under Specified Pressure Differences Across the Specimen Standard Test Method for Structural Performance of Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, and Doors by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference
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ASTM C864
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ASTM C920 ASTM C1036 ASTM C1048
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ASTM C1115
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ASTM C1193 ASTM C1249
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ASTM C1376
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ASTM C1401 ASTM D1667
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ASTM D2000
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ASTM D2287
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ASTM E90
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ASTM E283
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ASTM E330
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ASTM E331
Standard Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, and Doors by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference Classification for Rating Sound Insulation Standard Test Method for Accelerated Weathering of Sealed Insulating Glass Units Standard Specification for the Classification of the Durability of Sealed Insulating Glass Units Standard Practice for Determining Load Resistance of Glass in Buildings
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ASTM E413 ASTM E773
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ASTM E774
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ASTM E1300
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CPSC 1.
Consumer Product Safety Commission 16 CFR Part 1201 Safety Standard for Architectural Glazing Materials
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FGMA 1. 2.
Flat Glass Marketing Association
Glazing Sealing Systems Manual Sealant Manual Glass Association of North America Glazing Manual Tempered Glass Engineering Standard Manual National Fire Protection Association NFPA 101 Life Safety Code National Fenestration Rating Council Temporary Label Requirements Uniform Building Code Standard 24-1 Standard 24-2 Flat Glass Safety Glazing, Part I & II
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GANA 1. 2.
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NFPA 1.
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NFRC 1.
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UBC 1. 2.
1.05 DEFINITIONS A. annealed glass: Glass that has been subjected to controlled cooling to reduce the presence of residual stresses in glass thus allowing easy cutting. coated glass: Glass substrate to which a coating has been applied, i.e. one or more thin solid layers of inorganic materials, in order to modify one or more of its
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properties. C. damaged glass: Glass with edge damage or other imperfections that, when installed, could weaken glass and impair performance and appearance. deterioration of coated glass: Defects developed from normal use that are attributed to the manufacturing process and not, for example, from glass breakage and practices for maintaining and cleaning coated glass contrary to manufacturers written instructions. Defects include peeling, cracking, and other indications of deterioration in metallic coating. deterioration of insulating glass: Failure of the hermetic seal under normal use that is attributed to the manufacturing process and not, for example, from glass breakage and practices for maintaining and cleaning insulating glass contrary to manufacturers written instructions. Evidence of failure is the obstruction of vision by dust, moisture, or film on interior surfaces of glass. EPDM: Ethylene propylene diene terpolymer, recognized for its resistance to weathering and high temperatures. It is a high density elastomer that has better cutthrough resistance than silicone rubber. float glass: Transparent glass, the surfaces of which are flat and parallel so that they provide clear undistorted vision and reflection; float glass is manufactured by allowing glass from a tank furnace to flow across a bath of molten metal. fully tempered glass (FT): Glass that is up to 4 times as strong as annealed glass and when broken, breaks into innumerable small fragments of more or less cubical shape; it is intended for general glazing where high strength is desired and for safety glazing such as doors, shower enclosures etc. See heat treated glass below. heat strengthened glass (HS): Glass that is about twice as strong as annealed glass and when broken, the fragments are somewhat larger than fully tempered glass; it is intended for general glazing where additional strength is desired. See heat treated glass below. heat treated flat glass: Is classified in two different categories: Fully tempered (FT) and heat strengthened (HS) flat glass. insulating glass: Comprises two or more panes of glass hermetically sealed at their periphery; the air space(s) so formed are generally filled with dehydrated air; however, other gases may be used for improved thermal insulation. interspace: Space between panes of a sealed insulating glass unit that contains dehydrated air or a specified gas. MVSD (Magnetic Vacuum Sputtered Deposition): A process of off-line coating giving option of extensive color range. Glass is not temperable after coating. neoprene: A DuPont trademark. Synthetic flexible material used for gaskets and seals for its resistance to oil, ozone, heat, weather, sunlight and aging. It does not support combustion and resists abrasion and cutting. The temperature range of this material can vary from - 55 to 90C. off-line coating: Process whereby individual pieces of glass are coated. Also see
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MVSD above. P. on-line coating: Process whereby the coating is applied to the surface of a continually moving ribbon of glass during the manufacturing process. Also see Pyrolytic coating below. patterned glass: Translucent glass manufactured by the rolling process; usually the deeper the pattern, the greater the obscuration and diffusion. polished wired glass: Transparent wired glass produced by grinding and polishing wired patterned glass. pyrolytic coating: Process of on-line coating of glass, during its manufacture stage, giving a limited color range. Glass is temperable after coating. safety glass: Glass which either does not break easily, or breaks safely, and affords protection from cutting and piercing injuries in the event of accidental human impact. sheet glass: Transparent glass, manufactured by the flat drawn process; it has natural fire-finished surfaces, but because the two surfaces are never perfectly flat and parallel, there is always some distortion of vision and reflection. Shore A hardness: The relative hardness of elastic materials such as rubber or soft plastics can be determined with an instrument called a Shore A durometer. If the indenter completely penetrates the sample, a reading of 0 is obtained, and if no penetration occurs, a reading of 100 results. The reading is dimensionless. silicone rubber: Rubber made from silicone elastomers and characterized by its retention of flexibility, resilience and tensile strength over a wide temperature range. silvered glass: Glass produced by the deposition of silver on to glass; the silver is then protected by coatings, such as in the manufacture of mirrors. tempered glass: See heat treated flat glass. tinted glass: Transparent or translucent glass, depending on type of glass, where the whole body of the glass is tinted. translucent glass: Glass that transmits light with varying degrees of diffusion so that vision is not clear. transparent glass: Glass that transmits light and permits clear vision through it. venetian strip silvering: Process by which alternate bands of silvered and clear glass are produced to form what is often referred to as one-way vision glass - see also silvered glass. wired glass: Glass that has steel wire mesh completely embedded in it. wired patterned glass: Translucent wired glass with a patterned surface.
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1.06 SUBMITTALS A. The Contractor shall submit to the Royal Commission, under the provisions of SECTION 01330, the following items for review and approval before commencing Work: 1. Product Data a) Manufacturer's specifications and installation instructions for the following: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 2. Glass, each type required. Insulating glass units. Glazing compounds and sealants. Glazing gaskets. Glazing accessories.
Manufacturer's Certificates a) Certificates stating that all glass delivered to the site are in conformance with the provisions of the specification and are intended for the applications shown. Certificates stating that wire glass, meets requirements for safety glazing material as specified in ANSI Z97.1. Certificate on shading coefficient. Certificate on "R" value, when value is specified.
b)
c) d) 3.
Shop Drawings a) Sections and details of glass installed in framing members including head, mullion, transom, jamb, and sill details. Glazing schedule, using same designations indicated on drawings for glazed openings, listing glass types and thicknesses for each size opening and location.
b)
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Samples a) 300 x 300 mm square samples of the glass types specified in the Glazing Schedule as follows: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Clear float glass for all thicknesses specified. Each color of tinted float glass. Each type of patterned glass. Coated vision glass. Wired glass.
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6) b)
Insulating glass for each designation indicated.
300 mm long samples of each color required, except black, for specified glazing compound, sealant or gasket exposed to view. Install sample in typical representative channel where sealant or gasket will be used. Putty, for wood sash glazing. Each type of glazing accessories specified. Two additional 300 x 300 mm square samples of expected production run appearance defects, if any, of light reducing glass. Insulating glass samples need not be hermetically sealed, but edge construction must be included. The Royal Commission's review will be for color, texture, reflectivity, finish, pattern, and visual appearance of joints only.
c) d) e)
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Pre-Construction Adhesion and Compatibility Test Report a) Glazing sealant manufacturers test report indicating glazing sealants were tested for adhesion to glass and glazing channel substrates and for compatibility with glass and other glazing materials.
6.
Submittals indicating the following: a) b) c) Fabricator of sealed insulating glass units meets specified qualifications. Installer of products of this Section meets specified qualifications. Indicate by transmittal that glazier has received copy of handling and glazing instructions.
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Maintenance Instructions a) Furnish maintenance instructions for each type of glass and glazing accessory, for use during construction and for use by the Royal Commission after acceptance of the work.
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Quality Control Submittals a) Test Reports 1) Certified test data to sufficiently substantiate the compliance of glass and glazing accessories assemblies with the specified requirements.
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Design Data 1) Include glass size calculations, prepared in accordance with specified standards, confirming the suitability of the glazing compounds, sealants and accessories to be used.
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c) d) 9.
Reports and records of the Contractors Internal Quality Control. Reports and records of the Contractors External Quality Control.
Handing-Over Submittals a) Project Records and as-built drawings.
1.07 QUALITY CONTROL A. The Contractor shall be responsible for the quality of work and shall develop and propose programs and methods of construction and testing such as to achieve the specified quality to the approval of the Royal Commission in accordance with SECTION 01450. Codes and Standards 1. The Contractor shall comply with the applicable provisions of the referenced codes and standards, except as otherwise shown and specified by the Royal Commission. Installation and materials shall comply with FGMA Glazing Manual.
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2. C.
Fabrication and Labels 1. Heat-treated glass shall be fabricated with roll ripple (surface waves) parallel to the transom. It shall be free of visible mosaic or pattern optical distortion (as opposed to slight waviness noticeable when viewpoint is moving), and from defects caused by roller pick. Glass shall be identified by the manufacturer's labels for grade and quality. The labels shall not be removed until authorized by the Royal Commission. Safety glass shall be permanently marked with certification label of Safety Glazing Certification Council or another certification. Heat-treated units shall be fabricated with permanent label in consistent location at either lower corner. Provide correct glass size per each opening, within the tolerances and necessary dimensions required.
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Mock-Up 1. The Contractor shall prepare full-scale sample installations on site for each type of glazing before proceeding with the work to evaluate color, reflection and distortion of glass, workmanship and suitability of glazing accessories for each type of glazing. Mock-ups shall be glazed not less than 1 week in advance of the scheduled glazing work. Approved mock-ups shall serve as standard for work. Mock-ups may be installed in finish locations and remain as part of the complete projects, if so directed by the Royal Commission.
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Qualifications 1. Qualifications of Manufacturers a) Glass products used in the work of this Section shall be produced by manufacturers regularly engaged in manufacturing glass, glazing compounds and accessories, and with a history of successful production acceptable to the Royal Commission.
2.
Qualifications of Fabricators and Installers a) The Contractor shall use adequate number of skilled workmen who are thoroughly trained and experienced in the necessary crafts and who are completely familiar with the specified requirements and the methods needed for proper performance of work. Fabricator of Sealed Insulating Glass Units shall have minimum 5 years documented experience producing sealed insulating glass units specified this Section. Installers shall have minimum 5 years documented experience installing products similar in material, design, and extent to that indicated for the project and specified in this Section. The Installer shall be approved by the fabricator. The Contractors site supervisor(s) shall have knowledge of referenced standards minimum 5 years documented experience.
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Internal Quality Control 1. The Contractors internal quality control shall include but not be limited to: a) Checking suppliers test certificates and certificates of compliance to conform to specification and referenced standards prior to assembly or installation. Checking suppliers delivery tickets for compliance with supply order and specification.
b)
1.08 HEALTH AND SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS A. All Works undertaken in relation to this Specification are to be completed in full accordance with the respective health and safety requirements established by the following: 1. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia a) 2. Legislation, Regulation, Standards and Codes.
Royal Commission Regulations a) Standards, Contractual Conditions, and Health and Safety Systems.
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Contractor a) Health and Safety Standards and Systems as accepted by the Royal Commission.
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In the absence of any of the above, best accepted industry practice shall be employed throughout.
1.09 DESIGN CRITERIA A. Glazing systems shall be capable of withstanding normal thermal movement, dead loads, wind loads acting normal to plane of glass and impact loads (where applicable) without failure. This shall include loss or glass breakage attributable to defective manufacture, fabrication, or installation, failure of sealants or gaskets to remain watertight and airtight, deterioration of glazing materials, and other defects in construction. Glass Statistical Factor 1. Glass thicknesses indicated on the Contract Drawings are minimums and are for detailing only. Glass thicknesses shall be confirmed by project loads and inservice conditions. Glass lites shall be provided for various size openings in nominal thicknesses indicated on drawings, but shall have thicknesses and strengths (annealed or heat treated) required to meet or exceed criteria defined in ASTM E1300. Glass thicknesses may increase to conform to the statistical factor, but not decrease. All glass for the size openings shown will be in thicknesses such that the probability of breakage at "Design-Wind Pressure" will not exceed 8 lites per 1000 lites. The probability of breakage of 8/1000 is based on a design factor of 2.5 for Annealed Glass, 1.6 for Heat-Strengthened and 1.3 for Tempered Glass. The glass manufacturer shall provide substantiating glass breakage data.
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Sloped Glazing Statistical Factor 1. For glass inclined more than 15 from the vertical, provide glass thicknesses such that probability of breakage at the "Design Wind Pressure" will not exceed 0.7 lites per 1000, to take care of the variables that exist in designing sloped glazing. Inclined glass shall be laminated for safety unless fall out screens are provided. For increased strength and reduced thickness and weight, tempered laminated glass may be approved by the Royal Commission after the Contractor submits detailed design analysis.
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Limit glass deflection to 1/200 or flexure limit of glass, whichever is less, with full recovery of glazing materials. The Contractor shall coordinate thicknesses with framing system manufacturers.
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Air Infiltration 1. Limited to 0.3 L/s per m2 of system surface area when tested according to ASTM E283 at a static-air-pressure difference of 75.2 Pa.
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Water Penetration 1. No water leakage when tested according to ASTM E331 at minimum differential pressure of 20% of inward acting wind-load design pressure but not less than 299 Pa.
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Temperature Change (Range) 1. Glazing compounds, sealants, gaskets and accessories shall accommodate up to maximum temperature ranges of 67C ambient temperature and 100C temperature of material surfaces.
1.10 DESIGNATION A. Surfaces of a sealed insulating glass unit are designated as follows. The Contractor shall use the specified glazing compounds, accessories and sealants, at the corresponding locations: 1. 2. 3. 4. 1.11 LABELS A. Temporary Labels 1. Temporary label shall be provided on each lite of glass identifying manufacturer or brand and glass type, quality and nominal thickness. Label shall be in accordance with NFRC (National Fenestration Rating Council) label requirements. Temporary labels shall remain intact only until glass is approved by the Royal Commission as prolonged exposure to environmental influences (heat, water, etc.) may leave indelible marks from adhesive on the glass. The Contractor shall not use sharp tools or corrosive materials to remove labels. Side 1 - Exterior surface of outer pane. Side 2 - Interior surface of outer pane. Side 3 - Interior surface of inner pane. Side 4 - Exterior surface of inner pane.
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Permanent Labels 1. Permanent labels shall be located in corner for each pane.
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Glass shall be labeled in accordance with ANSI Z97.1 and SGCC (Safety Glass Certification Council) label requirements. Bullet resistance glass or plastic assemblies shall be labeled in accordance with UL 752 requirements for power rating specified.
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1.12 JOB CONDITIONS A. Environmental Requirements 1. The Contractor shall not proceed with installation of sealants under adverse weather conditions, or when ambient and substrate temperatures are outside limits permitted by glazing material manufacturers for installation of materials. Glazing shall not be installed when ambient temperature is less than 10C. Glazing channel substrates shall not be wet from rain, frost, condensation, or other causes prior to application of glazing materials.
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Field Measurements 1. The Contractor shall field measure openings so as to verify them with drawing dimensions before commencing the works. The Contractor shall be responsible for proper fit of field measured products.
1.13 WARRANTY A. The Contractor shall be responsible for warranting the products, installation and workmanship of all glazing, on behalf of the suppliers, fabricators and installers on work specified in this Section and undertake to carry out all replacements specified therein for the stipulated amount of time. The Contractor shall furnish the following warranties to the Royal Commission: 1. Manufacturers warranty on coated-glass products, agreeing to furnish replacements for those coated-glass units that deteriorate within 10 years from date of project completion. Manufacturers warranty on laminated glass, agreeing to furnish replacements for laminated-glass units that deteriorate or exhibit delamination within 10 years from date of project completion. Manufacturers warranty on insulating glass, agreeing to furnish replacements for insulating-glass units that deteriorate or exhibit seal failure, interpane dusting or misting within 10 years from date of project completion. Manufacturers warranty on mirrored glass and transparent mirrors (one-way vision glass), agreeing to furnish replacements for units that exhibit deterioration of plating within 15 years from date of project completion.
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1.14 MAINTENANCE A. Extra Materials 1. The Contractor shall provide the number of units as specified by the Royal Commission, of each size and type of insulating glass units.
1.15 DELIVERY, HANDLING AND STORAGE A. The Contractor shall deliver, handle and store glass in accordance with SECTIONS 01650 and 01660, as well as the following requirements: 1. Ordering a) The Contractor shall comply with manufacturer's ordering instructions and lead time requirements to avoid construction delays. Schedule delivery to coincide with glazing schedules so minimum handling of crates is required.
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Delivery a) Glass shall be securely and safely crated for delivery in compliance with manufacturers directions, and as required to prevent any damage to glass and glazing materials, including effects of moisture, condensation and temperature changes. Where insulating glass units will be exposed to substantial altitude changes, the Contractor shall strictly follow manufacturer's instructions. Customs/cushions shall be provided at edges of glass to prevent impact damage. Glass faces shall be protected from scratches and abrasions. Each piece of glass shall be delivered with factory labels intact, indicating glass type, quality and thickness. Labels shall not be removed until installation has been inspected and accepted. The Contractor shall not open crates except as required for inspection for shipping damage. All glazing accessories shall be delivered in manufacturer's unopened containers, fully identified with trade name, color, size, hardness, type, class and grade.
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Storage and Protection a) Glass shall be stored strictly according to the manufacturers printed instructions on crate in areas least subject to traffic or falling objects. Glass shall be stored in a dry, well ventilated location, carefully protected at all times from soiling by dust and dirt, atmospheric condensation and other moisture. Storage area shall be kept clean and dry at all times. Damaged or defective glass shall be replaced with new
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glass at no additional cost. b) Store glazing and sealing materials in strict accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations, where they will be free from damage and deterioration by dust, dirt, effects of moisture, condensation, temperature changes, direct exposure to sun, and other causes.
4.
Handling a) All packing shall be opened with care so as not to damage the glass, coating, sealant or opacifier film by contact, friction or any hard object. Glass units shall be unloaded one at a time, from the front of the packing or the frame. Rotation of glass on its corner and sliding of glass or rubbing between glass surfaces shall be prevented. Glass shall be handled with dry, clean gloves. The Contractor shall unpack cases following printed instructions on case. Careful attention shall be paid to avoid twist or damage to the packing. Stack individual panes on edge using cushioned pads, leaned slightly (6 to 8 to the vertical) against upright supports with separators between each glass. During handling with vacuum cups, the Contractor shall ensure that the cups are clean and free from silicone or oil contamination or sharp fragments. Avoid direct contact with the coated side. All material shall be handled as per manufacturers instructions, including those for use, application and safety.
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PART 2
PRODUCTS
2.01 GENERAL A. All goods and products covered by these Specifications shall be procured, when available, from an in-Kingdom manufacturer, Procurement of all goods and products manufactured out-of-Kingdom must be approved by the Royal Commission. Glass thickness shall be 6 mm per lite unless noted otherwise on the Contract Drawings. Panel sizes shown on the Contract Drawing shall fit the frames. The Contractor shall establish and coordinate glass types to identify glass or glazing assemblies on drawings, preferably on exterior elevations for exterior windows so as to retain glass types required with glazing assemblies. Substitutions of glass types shall not be permitted.
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2.02 DESIGNATIONS A. Part 2 of this Section is organized, wherever possible using ASTM standard designations. The Contractor shall use the following table for determining the characteristics of glass specified.
TABLE 2A: CHARACTERISTICS OF VARIOUS TYPES OF GLASS
ASTM C1036 DESIGNATIONS Type I, transparent Type II, patterned or wired Form 1, wired, polished 2 faces Form 2, patterned and wired Form 3, patterned, not wired ASTM C1048 DESIGNATIONS Kind HS: Heat Strengthened Type I, transparent Type II, Form 3, patterned Kind FT: Fully Tempered Type I, transparent Type II, Form 3, patterned
Class 1 clear q1, q2, q3, q4, q5, q6
Class 2 tinted, heat absorbing and light reducing q3, q4, q5 Styles A & B
Class 3, tinted, light reducing q3, q4, q5
q7, q8 q7, q8 q7, q8 Class 1 clear
q7, q8, Styles A & B q7, q8, Styles A & B q7, q8, Styles A & B Class 2 tinted, heat absorbing and light reducing
q7, q8 q7, q8 q7, q8 Class 3, tinted, light reducing
q3, q4, q5, q6 q7, q8
q3, q4, q5 Styles A & B q7, q8, Styles A & B
q3, q4, q5 q7, q8
q3, q4, q5, q6 q7, q8
q3, q4, q5 Styles A & B q7, q8, Styles A & B
q3, q4, q5 q7, q8
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Legend for Table 2A: Quality Designations for Types I and II (ASTM C1036 4.2 and 4.3): q1: q2: q3: q4: q5: Mirror Select Mirror Glazing Select - Architectural fenestration where observer views distant objects Glazing A - Appliances and show cases where observer views near objects Glazing B - General glazing applications that have lesser aesthetic demands than q3 or q4 Greenhouse Decorative Glazing - Some surface blemishes allowed
q6: q7: q8:
Mesh Designations for Type II, Forms 1 and 2 (ASTM C1036 6.8.1.2): m1: m2: m3: m4: Diamond Square Parallel Strand Special
Finish Designations for Type II, forms 2 and 3: f1: f2: Pattern one face Pattern both faces
Pattern Designations for Type II, Forms 2 and 3: p1: p2: p3: p4: Linear Geometric Random Special
Conditions applying to ASTM C1048: Condition A: Uncoated surfaces. Condition B: Spandrel glass, one surface ceramic coated. Condition C: Other coated glass.
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2.03 GLASS A. General 1. The Contractor shall refer to the Glazing Schedule on Contract Drawings for specific type and thickness of glass to be used in specified locations and verify the types of glazing accessories specified for the same. Refer to ASTM C1036 and C1048 for glass designation.
B.
Clear Uncoated Plate or Float Glass 1. Annealed clear float glass shall be polished plate or float glass meeting requirements of ASTM C1036, Type I, Class 1, Quality q5. Float glass shall have parallel surfaces which provide clear undistorted vision and reflection without any physical impurities. Thickness of glass shall be as indicated in schedules or as required by size and wind load.
C.
Frosted Glass 1. Frosted glass shall be 6 mm thick float glass, Type 1, Class 1, quality q5. One side only shall be frosted, by sandblasting with 120 grit silica to remove glaze and reflecting properties. Streaks, shading, or contrasting shall not be acceptable.
D.
Clear Sheet Glass 1. Clear sheet glass shall be of double strength with thickness as indicated. Sheet glass shall be used only for secondary purposes, because there will always be some distortion of vision and reflection. The two surfaces of sheet glass shall almost be flat and parallel.
E.
Heat-Absorbing Glass 1. Heat-absorbing plate or float glass shall be manufacturer's standard bluegreen tinted plate or tinted as shown on the windows schedule, with less than 60% solar heat transmittance and approximately 75% light transmission. Nominal thickness of glass shall be 6 mm, except as otherwise indicated. Tinted heat absorbing glass shall comply with ASTM C1036 and C1048, Type I, Class 2, Quality q5, Style A.
2.
F.
Tinted Light Reducing Glass 1. Light-reducing Plate or Float Glass shall be manufacturer's standard annealed tinted uncoated plate or float glass complying with ASTM C1036, Type I, Class 3, Quality q5, Style A. Tint shall be in accordance with glass schedule or as selected by the Royal Commission. Nominal thickness of glass shall be 6 mm, except as otherwise indicated and shall provide approximately 40 to 52% light transmittance.
G.
Heat-Treated Glass 1. Heat-treated glass shall be either of the two following kinds as shown on glass
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schedule and Contract Drawings: a) Fully Tempered (FT) or Thermally Toughened Glass 1) Only fully tempered glass can be produced to conform as safety glass as defined by CPSA 16 CFR 1201, ANSI A97.1 and ASTM C1048. Fully Tempered (safety) Glass (FT) shall be either clear, patterned or body tinted float or sheet glass, which has been thermally toughened by manufacturer's standard process (after cutting to final size), to achieve a flexural strength of 4 times normal glass strength. The glass shall be clear, tinted or patterned, as indicated by the Royal Commission and of specified nominal thickness. Float glass used for fully tempered glass shall not have any nickel sulphide (NiS) inclusions that can cause spontaneous breakage of fully tempered glass. The Contractor shall have Heat Soak Test (HST) performed by the manufacturer to rule out inclusion of NiS and submit the test reports to the Royal Commission. Tempered Glass shall not be drilled or cut after tempering. Any post-tempering operations such as edge-grinding, sandblasting, etc. shall be avoided as it may cause premature failure of the glass. Clear Fully Tempered Glass shall comply with the requirements for safety glass according to ASTM C1048, Kind FT, Condition A, Type I, Class 1, Quality q3. Tinted tempered glass shall comply with ASTM C1048, Kind FT, Condition A, Type I, Class 2, Quality q3. Tempered Patterned Glass (Obscure) shall comply with ASTM C1048, Kind FT, Type II, Class 1, Form 3, Quality q8, Finish f1, Pattern p3, with shallow or deep texture as specified by the Royal Commission. Wherever possible, tong marks shall be located along concealed edges set in glazing system. Only on-line coated glass shall be tempered; Off-line coatings shall generally be applied after the tempering process unless a temperable glass is used, wherein the coatings shall be applied before the heat treatment of the glass. Opaque float- or sheet glass shall have a colored ceramic frit fired into one surface during the tempering process. Do not exceed the following special flatness tolerances in face, direction, and location based on 6 mm glass thickness. Other glass thickness shall be inversely proportionate tolerances. (a) (b) (c) For 0.6 m run; 1.6 mm bow. For 1.6 m run; 3 mm bow. For 3 m run; 9.5 mm bow.
2)
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7) 8)
9) 10)
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b)
Heat Strengthened Glass (HS) 1) The Contractor shall not use heat strengthened glass where compliance with ANSI Z97.1 is required except with manufacturers written documentation of compliance. Heat strengthened glass shall not be regarded as safety glass. Heat Strengthened Glass (HS) shall be either clear, patterned or body tinted float- or sheet glass which has been heatstrengthened by manufacturer's standard process, after cutting to final size, to achieve a flexural strength of 2 times normal glass strength. The glass shall be either clear, tinted or patterned, as indicated by the Royal Commission and of specified nominal thickness. Clear Heat Strengthened Glass shall comply with ASTM C1048, Kind HS, Condition A, Type I, Class 1, Quality q5. Tinted Heat Strengthened Glass shall comply with ASTM C1048, Kind HS, Condition A, Type I, Class 2, Quality q5. Only on-line coated glass shall be heat strengthened. Off-line coatings shall generally be applied after the heat strengthening process unless a temperable glass is used, wherein the coatings shall be applied before the heat treatment of the glass. Opaque float glass or sheet glass shall have a colored ceramic frit fired into one surface during the heat strengthening process. Limit bow of glass surface, in face, direction, and location to 1.6 mm in 900 mm run and 3 mm in 2400 mm run based on 6 mm glass thickness. Other glass thickness shall be inversely proportionate tolerances.
2)
3) 4) 5)
6) 7)
H.
Reflective Coated Float Glass 1. Reflective Coated Glass shall be produced from annealed, heat-strengthened or fully tempered float glass meeting requirements of ASTM C1036, ASTM C1048, Condition C, Type 1, Class 1, Quality q3; with pyrolytic or sputtered reflective metallic coating as specified. Coating shall be on surface specified. Glass thickness shall be as shown in the glass schedule and the coating shall match the Royal Commission's approved sample as selected from the manufacturer's standard line of coated glass. Reflective Coated Glass shall meet the levels of indoor and outdoor light reflectance and transmittance, solar heat reflectance and transmittance, and surface emissivity as specified in the glass schedule. Either of the following coating systems shall be provided as specified by the Royal Commission: a) Medium performance solar control coating on clear float glass which is coated during manufacture (on-line pyrolytic) with a reflective layer that is sufficiently durable for the glass to be used as single glazing. High performance solar control coating on clear or tinted float glass, which is coated after manufacture (off-line sputtered) and also after any
2.
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b)
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further treatment like lamination and tempering. This type of glass shall be used for double-glazing only with the coating on the second surface. 4. Reflective Tempered Glass a) Glass shall be kind FT, Type I, Class 1, Quality q3 with reflective metallic coating, having nominal values of 25% day light, 30% solar, and 7.9% ultraviolet transmittance within 3%.
I.
Wired Glass 1. Clear (Polished) Wired Glass shall be flat form, wired and polished on both faces with welded steel wire mesh. The wire mesh shall be grid of 15.9 mm, welded at all intersections manufactured of wire of diameter more than or equal to 0.43 mm. Clear wired glass shall comply with ASTM C1036, Type II, Class 1, Form 1, Quality q7, Mesh m2. Wired glass shall be 6 mm thick, except as otherwise indicated. Figured or Patterned (Obscure) Wired Glass shall be wired and figured as stated above. Figured wired glass shall be 6 mm thick (nominal) except as otherwise indicated. Patterned wired glass shall comply with ASTM C1036, Type II, Class 1, Form 2, Quality q7. Mesh (m), figure or pattern (p), finish designation (f) and texture shall be as selected by the Royal Commission from the manufacturers standard range.
2.
J.
Patterned Glass 1. Patterned (Figured) glass shall be produced by the rolling process as a translucent glass according to ASTM C1036, Type II, Class 1 or 3, Form 3, Quality q7, with shallow texture or deep texture as approved. Pattern (p) shall be as selected by the Royal Commission from manufacturer's standard patterns and finish designations (f1 or f2). If tinted patterned glass is required, it shall be body tinted during the manufacturing process. Nominal thickness of figured glass shall be 6 mm, except as otherwise indicated.
K.
Insulating Glass Units 1. Insulating Glass Units (Sealed Edge Units) shall be assembled using glass types complying with ASTM C1036 and as specified in the glass schedule. All insulating glass units shall comprise of minimum 6 mm thick float glass for the exterior and interior panes, of the type indicated on the glass schedule, separated by hollow aluminum or stainless steel spacer tube with continuous bent corners, providing a minimum 6 mm cavity between the two panes. The spacer tube shall have a sealed plug along one or more of its straight edges and shall be perforated on the interior surface facing the airspace. It shall be filled with activated zeolite drying agent to absorb residual moisture from the cavity. The units thus filled with dry air, with - 45C dew point, shall be hermetically sealed. A primary seal formed of polyisobutylene shall be between the spacer tube wall and the adjoining glass surface. A secondary seal with either a 2-part polyurethane with UV blocking agent, or 2-part structural silicone for structural curtain wall systems shall be provided covering the unit's edge. Insulating glass units shall comply with ASTM E774 and E773, Class CBA.
2.
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3.
Minimum of 12 mm wide cavity space shall be provided between panes for sealed edge units. Argon gas shall not be used to fill the cavity space of insulated units. Only dehydrated air filled units shall be provided. Provide U-value (k-value) as indicated in Glass Schedules. Safety Insulating Glass Units a) Provide tempered safety glass for the outer pane of above specified insulating glass as indicated in Schedules and specified in the respective paragraphs above. Provide additional solar reflective-, and/or Low-E coating if and as indicated in schedules.
4.
5. 6.
7.
Reflective (Solar Control) Coated Glass Units a) Provide solar reflective coating on the second surface of the above specified insulating glass. Coating shall be applied on first quality annealed or heat treated clear or tinted float glass. Provide type of coating, performance and color of glass as indicated in Schedules.
8.
Low-Emissivity (Low-E) Coated Glass Units a) For insulating glass described above, provide Low-E pyrolytic or sputtered coating having an E value of 0.15, either on the second or third surface as specified in the glass schedule. The improved thermal insulating qualities shall comply with the required U-values (k-values) indicated in Schedules. Provide low internal reflection characteristics, if mentioned in the Glass Schedule.
b)
9.
Heat Mirror Type Insulating Glass Units a) These shall be provided with a polyethylene teriphthylate polyester composite heat mirror film in between 2 stainless steel spacers and shall provide light transmission of 38% or more, shading coefficient 0.25 or less, and a maximum "U" value of 1.90 W/m2.K.
10.
Tinted Insulating Glass Units a) These shall be 24 mm thick, with an outboard sheet of 6 mm tinted glass, separated by 12 mm desiccant air space, and an inboard sheet of 6 mm clear glass. Tint color shall be in accordance with glass schedule.
L.
Mirrored Glass 1. Mirrored Glass shall be clear plate (or float) glass, Quality q2, 6 mm thick except as otherwise indicated, with silver coating and electrolytic copper protective coating sealed with 50 microns thick paint surface coating. Mirror shall have polished edge.
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2.
Adhesive shall be waterproof and of a type recommended by the glass manufacturer to bond mirror glass to substrate.
M.
Transparent Mirror (One-Way-Vision Glass) 1. Glass used for transparent mirror shall comply with ASTM C1036, Type I, Class 1, Quality q2 or Class 3, Quality q3 or specified tint. Nominal thickness of glass shall be 6 mm, unless otherwise indicated. One face shall be coated with a hard adherent reflective film of chromium or with pyrolytic coating. Visible light transmittance shall be 8 2%. Visible reflectance shall be 60 5%. Light ratio on mirror side shall be greater than or equal to 10 and on observer side it shall be less than or equal to 1. Transparent mirror shall be assembled with its coating covered and protected with a layer of clear glass not less than 3 mm thick. Interface of glass shall be cleaned prior to assembly. Tape edge to seal interface and hold panes together.
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7. 8.
2.04 GLAZING ACCESSORIES A. General 1. Colors a) Wherever glazing material is not exposed to view, provide manufacturer's standard color having the best overall performance characteristics for the application. Color of other glazing compounds, gaskets, and sealants which will be exposed in the finished work and unpainted shall be black, gray or neutral color, or as selected by the Royal Commission for the locations shown from the manufacturers standard colors. Color of glazing compounds, gaskets, and sealants used for aluminum color frames shall match color of the finished aluminum, be non-staining or as approved by the Royal Commission.
b)
2.
Hardnesses a) Except as otherwise indicated or recommended, provide glazing materials within the following ranges of hardness; Shore A, fully cured, at 24C: 1) 15 to 35 for elastometric compounds and tapes used with rigid stops and frames for large glass sizes; in excess of 2,438 united mm.
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2)
25 to 50 for rubber-like curing compounds used with rigid stops and frames for medium and small glass sizes; less than 2,438 united mm. 35 to 60 for molded gaskets used with rigid stops and frames, depending upon strength needed for application or insertion of units. 75 to 80 for structural gaskets (not supported by stops).
3)
4) b)
Non-Elastomeric Compounds 1) Shore A is not applicable. 2 to 12 mm penetration for 5 seconds of penetrometer needle on nominally cured compound.
3.
Compatibility a) The Contractor shall comply with recommendations of sealant and glass manufacturers for selection of sealant, which has performance characteristics suitable for applications indicated and conditions at time of installation. Provide only materials which are known to be fully compatible with the actual installation conditions as determined by manufacturer's published data or certification.
4.
Preconstruction Adhesion and Compatibility Testing a) The Contractor shall: 1) Submit to elastomeric glazing sealant manufacturers for testing samples of each glass type, tape sealant, gasket, glazing accessory, and glass-framing member that will contact or affect elastomeric glazing sealants. Submit not fewer than 4 pieces of each type and finish of glassframing members and each type, class, kind, condition, and form of glass (monolithic, laminated, and insulating units) as well as one sample of each glazing accessory (gaskets, tape sealants, setting blocks, and spacers). Use manufacturer's standard test methods to determine whether priming and other specific preparation techniques are required to obtain rapid, optimum adhesion of glazing sealants to glass, tape sealants, gaskets, and glazing channel substrates. Perform tests under normal environmental conditions replicating those that will exist during installation. Schedule sufficient time for testing and analyzing results to prevent delaying the work. For materials failing tests, obtain sealant manufacturer's written instructions for corrective measures, including the use of specially formulated primers.
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3)
4) 5) 6)
B.
Glazing Compounds 1. Glazing compound shall be as recommended by the glass manufacturer for the intended application. In no case shall glazing be performed with any oleo-
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resinous or oil-based compounds, nor shall any glazing sealant be diluted or thinned with any solvent. C. Glazing Sealants 1. 2. Do not use non-skinning sealants. Silicone rubber glazing sealant shall be silicon rubber, single component elastomeric sealant, non-bleeding and non-staining, capable of water immersion without loss of properties. Provide acid-type for non-porous channel surfaces. Sealant shall be carefully and skillfully used for successful installation in glass to glass or glass to metal applications. Silicone rubber glazing sealant requires exposure for cure and shall not be used deep in channels. Silicone neutral cure glazing sealants shall comply with ASTM C920, Type S, Grade NS, Class 25, Uses M, A, and G, and have a cured Shore A hardness of 25 to 30 durometer. Silicone acetoxy cure structural sealants shall comply with ASTM C920, Type S, Grade NS, Class 25, and have a cured Shore A hardness of 25 to 30 durometer. Polysulfide glazing sealant shall be 2-component chemical curing, elastomeric sealant, non-sagging type, compounded by manufacturer specifically for glazing. Sealant shall comply with ASTM C920, Type M, Grade NS, Class 25, Uses M, A, and G; cured Shore A hardness of 15 to 25 durometer. As this sealant is self-curing, it may be used in deep channels as heel bead. Acrylic glazing sealant shall be single-component solvent-based, acrylic terpolymer, thermoplastic sealant with 95% of solids acrylic and compounded specifically for glazing. Sealant shall comply with ASTM C920, Type S, Grade NS, Class 12, Uses M and A, and have a cured Shore A hardness of 15 to 25 durometer. As this solvent curing and non-bleeding sealant has good adhesion to all surfaces, it shall be used for complete bedding of small lites. Acrylic-latex glazing sealant shall be modified latex rubber and acrylic emulsion-polymer, compounded specifically as a glazing sealant with permanent flexibility (non-hardening), non-staining and non-bleeding properties. It shall be used for general glazing as it is very clean to use. Butyl rubber glazing sealant shall be black color, single component polymerized butyl rubber compound with inert fillers and pigments, solventbased with 75% solids, non-sag, tack-free within 24 hours, paintable, nonstaining and non-skinning. It shall comply with ASTM C920, Grade NS, Class 12, Uses M and A and have a Shore A hardness of 10 to 20 durometer. This highly water-resistant sealant shall be used for general interior glazing. Polyurethane sealant shall be single-component, chemical curing, nonstaining, non-bleeding. Sealant shall comply with ASTM C920, Type S, Grade NS, Class 25, Uses M, A, and G with a cured Shore A hardness range 20 to 35 durometer.
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D.
Glazing Tapes 1. Glazing tapes shall be semi-solid polymeric based material exhibiting pressure-sensitive adhesion and withstanding exposure to sunlight, moisture, heat, cold, and aging. Shape, size and degree of softness and strength shall be suitable for use in glazing application to prevent water infiltration. Coiled glazing tape shall be used to assure continuous seal without joints as compared to cut-to-length tape. Neoprene tapes shall be dense neoprene with a Shore A durometer hardness of 65 to 75 as required for specific glazing. Butyl rubber glazing tape shall be partly vulcanized, self-adhesive, nonstaining, elastomeric butyl rubber tape, 98% solids, intended for 35% compression with no appreciable deterioration for 3000 hour test in Atlas Weatherometer. Butyl compound tapes shall be with integral resilient tube spacer, Shore A hardness of 10 to 15 durometer, black color, coiled on release paper and in widths required for specified installation. Preformed butyl rubber glazing sealant tape shall be manufacturers standard solvent-free tape or ribbon (coiled on release paper) of polymerized butyl, or mixture of butyl-polyisobutylene formulation, with inert fillers and pigments and a solids content of 100% complying with AAMA A804.1. Extruded tape shall be with thread of fabric reinforcement, non-staining and non-migrating in contact with non-porous surfaces, tack-free and paintable within 24 hours. Pre-shimmed tape for glazing small-to-medium exterior lights from inside and for glazing large interior lights (where glass lites exceed 3810 united mm) shall be combination-type tape with encased continuous rubber shim, of approximately 50 durometer hardness. Vinyl foam glazing tape shall comply with ASTM D1667, closed cell polyvinyl chloride foam, 2% maximum water absorption by volume, designed for 25% compression for attaining effective air barrier seal, coiled on release paper over adhesive on two sides, flexible, non-extruding, recommended by manufacturer for exposed, watertight installation of glass with only nominal pressure in the glazing channel for small lites on exterior and for general interior applications. Widths shall be as required for specified installation.
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E.
Glazing Gaskets 1. Glazing gasket channels and beads for all glass shall be the standard products furnished by the manufacturers to fit their frames and the glass thickness detailed. Gasket corners shall be glued prior to installation of frames. Gaskets shall be firm dense wedge shape for locking in sash or soft, closed cell with locking key for sash key. Flanges may terminate above the glazing-beads or terminate flush with top of beads. Dense compression gaskets shall be molded or extruded gaskets of material indicated below, complying with standards referenced and of profile and hardness required to maintain watertight seal:
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a) b) c) d) 3.
EPDM, complying with ASTM C864. Silicone, complying with ASTM C1115. Neoprene, complying with ASTM D2000, designation 2BC 415 3BC 620. Thermoplastic polyolefin rubber, complying with ASTM C1115.
Soft compression gaskets shall be molded or extruded, cellular, elastomeric, closed-cell, integral-skinned gaskets of material indicated below, complying with ASTM C509, Type II, black, and of profile and hardness required to maintain watertight seal: a) b) c) EPDM. Silicone. Thermoplastic polyolefin rubber.
4.
Solid neoprene glazing gaskets providing continuous spacer and seal between glass and framing shall be used for dry glazing systems. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) glazing gaskets shall only be used for miscellaneous glazing gaskets in assembled units, such as door glazing, as well as for drivein wedges for compression glazing. Black, resilient extruded, flexible PVC gaskets shall comply with ASTM C864 and D2287, and be of the extruded profile and hardness shown or as required for watertight construction.
5.
F.
Miscellaneous Glazing Accessories 1. The Contractor shall furnish miscellaneous accessories, which shall be of the material, size, and shape that complies with referenced glazing standards, requirements of manufacturers of glass and other glazing materials for application indicated, and shall have a proven record of compatibility with surfaces contacted in installation. Setting Blocks a) Setting blocks shall be neoprene, EPDM, or silicone rubber complying with ASTM C864 and having a Shore A hardness of 80 to 90 durometer. Lengths of setting blocks shall be 25 mm/m2 or minimum 100 mm, except for insulating glass the length shall be minimum 150 mm. Block width shall be 1.6 mm less than full rabbet width. Block height shall be minimum 4.8 mm or sized for rabbet depth as required to provide enough minimum edge clearance for glass depending upon glazing method, pane weight and pane area. Where length of block may become excessive, lead blocks having a length of 13.7 mm/m2 of glass (minimum 100 mm) may be used. Setting blocks shall have proven compatibility with sealants used. Lead setting blocks shall not be used for insulating or wired glass.
2.
3.
Edge Blocks a) Edge blocks shall be of neoprene, complying with ASTM C864 and
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having a Shore A hardness of 60 to 70 durometer required by glass manufacturer to limit glass lateral movement (side walking). Blocks shall be 75 mm minimum length, full channel width and of thickness or configuration to provide 3 mm nominal clearance between block and glass edge. 4. Spacers a) Spacers shall be continuous extrusions of neoprene, EPDM, or silicone rubber complying with ASTM C864, with a Shore A hardness of 40 to 50 durometer, required by glass manufacturer to maintain glass lites in place for installation indicated. Channel shaped spacers shall have a 6 mm internal depth with flanges not less 2.4 mm thick and web 3 mm thick. Length of spacers shall be 25 to 75 mm. Intermittent spacers shall not be provided. Spacers shall have proven compatibility with sealants used. Silicone sealants shall be provided with silicone spacers.
5.
Shims a) Shims shall be of neoprene, complying with ASTM C864 Option I, with 50 to 60 Shore A durometer hardness and self adhesive on one face. Shims shall be minimum 75 mm long and one-half the height of the glazing stop, with thickness to suit application.
6.
Glazing Splines a) Glazing splines shall be resilient polyvinyl chloride complying with ASTM C864, having extruded shape to fit retaining slot of glazing channel and shall be in black color.
7.
Spring Spacer a) Spring steel spacers shall be galvanized steel wire or strip designed to position glazing in channel or rabbeted sash with stops. Spring steel spacers may be used in rabbets of steel windows such as hollow metal frames with stops, as required by the manufacturer.
8.
Glazing Clips a) Glazing clips shall be galvanized steel spring wire designed to hold glass in position in rabbeted sash without stops. Glazing clips shall only be used when glazing in wood frames or in rolled section steel sash with face glazing.
9.
Glazing Sprigs a) Glazing points (sprigs) shall be thin, flat and triangular or diamond shaped pieces of zinc, 6 mm minimum size. Points shall be used for wood sash only, as indicated on the Contract Drawings.
10.
Filler Rods a) Compressible filler rod shall be closed-cell or waterproof-jacketed rod of synthetic rubber or plastic foam, proven to be compatible with sealants
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used, flexible and resilient, with 3 to 6 MPa compression strength for 25% deflection. 11. Mastic a) Mirror mastic shall be of type recommended by mirror manufacturer for spot-application system, with less than 25% coverage and 3 to 12 mm thickness of setting bed, mirror supported only at lower edge.
12.
Ferrous metal accessories exposed in the finished work shall have a finish that will not corrode or stain while in service. Cleaners, primers, and sealers shall be of type recommended by sealant or gasket manufacturer. Silicone polyester enamel shall be of type recommended by flat glass materials manufacturer, in color as selected by the Royal Commission.
13.
14.
2.05 FABRICATION OF GLASS A. General 1. Glass and other glazing products shall be fabricated in sizes required to glaze openings indicated on the Project Drawings, with edge and face clearances, edge and surface conditions, and bite complying with written instructions of product manufacturer and referenced glazing standard, to comply with system performance requirements.
B.
Heat-Strengthened Glass 1. Cut float glass materials to indicated sizes and provide cut-outs and holes, if indicated, before heat strengthening. Heat strengthen float glass materials in accordance with ASTM C1048, Kind HS.
2.
C.
Tempered Glass 1. Cut float glass materials to indicated sizes and provide cut-outs and holes, if indicated, before tempering. Fully temper float glass materials in accordance with ASTM C1048, Kind FT.
2. D.
Sealed Insulating Glass Units 1. Fabricate units in accordance with ASTM E774, Class CBA, with components and performance characteristics specified in the Glass Schedule. The two panes of glass shall be hermetically dual sealed meeting requirements of ASTM E773.
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2.06 TOLERANCES A. Tolerances for any glass product shall not exceed tolerances given in the referenced Standards. Tolerances for insulation glass units shall not vary from the nominal by more than the following: 1. Thickness a) b) 2. For two panes of glass each of 6 mm or less plus air space 1 mm. For two panes of glass each of over 6 mm plus air space 1.5 mm.
B.
Length a) b) c) Up to 3 m2 : 3 to 8.5 m2 : Over 8.5 m2 : + 3 mm, - 0 mm + 4.5 mm, - 0 mm + 6 mm, - 0 mm
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PART 3
EXECUTION
3.01 EXAMINATION A. Review of the glazing procedure and schedule, including the method of delivering and handling glass, applying glazing materials, installing gaskets and removable stops, shall be the responsibility of the Contractor. The Contractor shall examine the framing and glazing channel surfaces, backing, removable stop design, and the conditions under which the glazing is to be performed. Framing and glazing shall be examined for compliance with the following: 1. Manufacturing and installation tolerances, including those for size, squareness, and offsets at corners. Presence and functioning of weep system. Minimum required face or edge clearances. Effective sealing between joints of glass-framing members.
B.
C.
2. 3. 4. D.
The Contractor shall also examine doors and windows where work of this Section will be installed. The Contractor shall verify that wash down of adjacent masonry is completed prior to erection of glass and glazing units to prevent damage to glass and glazing units by cleaning materials. Do not proceed with the glazing until unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected. Application or installation of materials shall constitute acceptance of the related construction.
E.
F. G.
3.02 STANDARDS AND PERFORMANCE A. Watertight and airtight installation of each piece of exterior glass is required. Each installation must withstand normal regional temperature changes, wind loading and impact loading (for operating sash and doors) without failure of any kind including loss or breakage of glass, failure of sealants or gaskets to remain watertight and airtight, deterioration of glazing materials and other defects in the work. The Contractor shall protect glass from edge and surface damage during handling, installation, and subsequent construction. Glazing channel dimensions as shown are intended to provide for necessary minimum bite on the glass, minimum edge clearance and adequate sealant thicknesses, with reasonable tolerances. The glazier is responsible for correct glass size for each opening, within the tolerances and necessary dimensions established. The Contractor shall inspect each piece of glass immediately before installation, and
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eliminate any, which have observable edge damage or face imperfections. E. Appearance of each series of lites shall be unified by setting each piece to match others as nearly as possible. Inspect each piece and set with pattern, draw and bow oriented in the same direction as other pieces.
3.03 PREPARATION A. The Contractor shall: 1. Make proper allowances for expansion, contraction and movement and provide for proper bedding and bite. Glass sizes shall be determined from actual field measurements of frames to receive glass. Shop fabricate and cut glass with smooth, straight edges of full size required by openings to provide GANA recommended edge clearances. Identify glass furnished by type when it is delivered to premises and verify that glass complies with requirements in Schedules for type and coating. Clean the glazing channel, or other framing members to receive glass of all obstructions and deleterious substances which might impair the work, immediately before glazing. Coatings which are not firmly bonded to the substrate or which may cause adhesion failure or interfere with bond of sealant shall be removed. Lacquer shall be removed from metal surfaces wherever elastomeric sealants are to be applied. Clean contact surfaces with solvent and wipe dry. Verify that components used are compatible. Seal porous glazing channels or recesses with substrate compatible primer or sealer. Prepare glazing surfaces for sealant glazing in accordance with FGMA Sealant Manual. Prime surfaces scheduled to receive sealants, as determined by preconstruction sealant-substrate testing. Verify that sealant used is compatible with the glazing tape compound.
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3.04 INSTALLATION A. The Contractor shall: 1. Employ glaziers who have had previous experience with the materials and systems being applied. Use tools and equipment recommended by the glass manufacturer.
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3.
Measure all openings and cut glass accurately to fit each opening with minimum edge clearance. If glass is to be cut to size at project site, deliver each piece to project at least 50 mm larger (in both dimensions) than required, so as to facilitate the cutting of clean-cut edges without the necessity of seaming or nipping. Tempered, heat strengthened, or coated glass shall not be cut, seamed, nipped, or abraded at the job site. Comply with manufacturer's instructions for final nipping of surface immediately before application of primer and glazing compounds or tapes. Wipe metal surfaces with solvent. Protect glass edges from damage during handling and installation. Inspect each piece of glass immediately before installation. Damaged glass shall be removed from project site and legally disposed of off-site. Damaged glass is glass with significant impact damage of edges, scratches or abrasions of faces or other imperfections that, when installed, could weaken glass and impair performance and appearance. Such damaged pieces shall not be installed. Locate setting blocks at the quarter points of sill rabbet, but no closer than 152 mm to corners of glass. Use blocks of proper size to support the glass in accordance with manufacturer's recommendation. Set blocks in thin course of the heel-bead compound, if any. Provide spacers of proper size for all glass sizes larger than 1270 mm, to separate glass from stops, except where continuous gaskets or tape are required. Locate spacers 914 mm on center maximum inside and out, with a minimum of 2 spacers per edge of glass. Spacers shall be located directly opposite each other on both inside and outside faces of glass. Provide 3 mm minimum bite of spacers on glass and use thickness equal to sealant or compound thickness shown, except with sealant tape, use thickness slightly less than final compressed thickness of tape. Edge pressures stipulated by glass manufacturers for installing glass lites shall not be exceeded. Provide for a minimum of 9 mm bite of rabbet on glass at all 4 edges. Provide edge blocking where indicated or needed to prevent glass lites from moving sideways in glazing channel, as recommended in writing by glass manufacturer, and according to requirements in referenced glazing publications. Set glazing without bending, twisting, or forcing of units. Ascertain that glass is not allowed to rest on or contact any framing member. Set glass in a manner which produces greatest possible degree of uniformity in appearance. Face all glass, which has dissimilar faces, with matching faces in the same direction. Set all glass with bow (if any) to exterior. Ensure that glazing materials from different sources shall not be used in the same joint system unless the manufacturer of each material has stated in writing that this material is fully compatible with the other material.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8. 9.
10. 11. 12.
13.
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14.
Use masking tape or other suitable protection to limit coverage of glazing materials to the surfaces intended for sealant. Comply with manufacturer's recommendations for glass, sealants, gaskets and other glazing materials, except where more stringent requirements are indicated, including those of referenced Standards. Do not use unshimmed glazing tapes. Lap ends of glazing tape shall be butted in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendation. Use beads or stops furnished with the items to be glazed to secure the glass in place. Force sealants into channel to eliminate voids and to ensure complete "wetting" or bond of sealant to glass and channel surfaces. Voids and Filler Rods a) Prevent exudation of sealant or compound by forming voids or installing filler rods in the channel at the heel of jambs and head (do not leave voids in the sill channels) except as otherwise indicated, depending on light size, thickness and type of glass, and complying with manufacturer's recommendations.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
Where wedge-shaped gaskets are driven into one side of the channel to pressurize the sealant or gasket on the opposite side, provide adequate anchorage to ensure that gasket will not "walk" out when subjected to dynamic movement. Anchor gasket to stop with matching ribs, or by proven adhesives, including embedment of gasket tail in cured heel bead. Tool exposed surfaces of glazing materials. Install exposed tapes and gaskets with a slight protrusion above stops in the final compressed condition. Clean excess sealant or compound from glass and framing members immediately after application, using solvents or cleaners recommended by the manufacturer. Be sure that installation does not block weepholes.
21.
22.
23. B.
Doors and windows to be glazed shall be shop- or field-glazed as indicated with quality and type of glass specified. For field glazing, the Contractor shall glaze doors and operable sash, in a securely fixed or closed and locked position, until sealant, glazing compound, or putty has thoroughly set. The different types of glass shall be installed as specified below: 1. Patterned Glass a) Install units with one patterned surface with smooth surface on the weather side. Install units in interior partitions with pattern in same direction in all openings.
C.
b)
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2.
Wired Glass a) The wire pattern shall match in line with that of adjacent panes.
3.
Tempered Glass a) Install with roller distortions in horizontal position unless otherwise directed.
4.
Transparent (One-Way Vision Glass) Mirror a) Use continuous channel glazing gasket.
5.
Insulating Glass Units a) Glaze strictly instructions. in compliance with glass manufacturer's written
b)
When glazing gaskets are used, they shall be of sufficient size and depth to cover glass seal or metal channel frame completely. Do not use putty or glazing compounds. Do not grind, nip, cut, or otherwise alter edges and corners of fused glass units after shipping from factory. Install with tape or gun-able sealant in wood sash.
c) d)
e)
3.05 INSTALLATION METHODS A. Exterior Dry Method (Tape and Gasket Spline Glazing) 1. This glazing method shall be used for horizontal sliding aluminum windows and for aluminum doors unless door manufacturer requires otherwise. The Contractor shall install glass in continuous glazing gaskets secured with beads. Glazing spline may be a roll-in type or a pressure type. The Contractor shall: a) Cut glazing tape and gasket spline to length and install on glazing pane. Corners shall be sealed by butting and sealing junctions with butyl sealant. Place setting blocks at points with edge block no more than 150 mm from corners. Set glazing on setting blocks and push against fixed stop with sufficient pressure to attain full contact. Install removable stops without displacing glazing tape or spline. Exert pressure for full continuous contact.
2.
b)
c)
d)
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e)
Do not exceed edge pressures stipulated by glass manufacturers for installing glass lites. Trim sight-exposed tape flush with stop.
f) B.
Wet/Dry Method (Preformed Tape and Sealant) 1. This method shall be used for achieving air barrier seal through glazed assembly to glazing frame and achieve a pressure equalized glazing space. The Contractor shall use this system with aluminum windows with glazing beads unless window manufacturer requires otherwise. The Contractor shall: a) Apply glazing tape to glass; butt-joint tape edges; seal joints with butyl sealant. Cut glazing tape to length and set against permanent stops, 5 mm below sight line. Seal corners by butting tape and dabbing with butyl sealant. Apply heel bead of butyl sealant along intersection of permanent stop with frame ensuring full perimeter seal between glass and frame to complete the continuity of the air seal. Place setting blocks at points with edge block no more than 150 mm from corners. Set glazing on setting blocks and push against tape and heel bead of sealant with sufficient pressure to attain full contact at perimeter of pane or glass unit. Install removable stops without displacing glazing tape, insert spacer strips between glazing and applied stops, and terminate 6 mm below sight line. Apply pressure for full continuous contact. Fill gap between glazing and stop with compatible sealant to depth equal to bite of frame on glazing, but not more than 9 mm below sight line. Apply cap bead of approved sealant along void between the stop and the glazing, to uniform line, flush with sight line. Tool or wipe sealant surface smooth to provide a slight mesh away from the glass.
2.
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
C.
Exterior Wet Method (Sealant and Sealant) 1. This method shall be used to achieve air barrier seal through glazed assembly to glazing frame and achieve a pressure equalized glazing space. The Contractor shall: a) b) Place setting blocks at points and install glazing pane or unit. Install removable stops with glazing centered in space by inserting spacer shims both sides at 600 mm intervals, 6 mm below sight line.
2.
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c)
Fill gaps between glazing and stops with compatible sealant to depth of bite on glazing, but not more than 9 mm below sight line to ensure full contact with glazing and continue the air seal. Apply cap bead of approved sealant to uniform line, flush with sight line. Tool or wipe sealant surface smooth to provide a slight mesh away from the glass.
d)
D.
Exterior Butt Glazed Method (Sealant Only) 1. The Contractor shall ensure that adhesion testing for structural glazing sealant is done on actual job site materials in accordance with ASTM C794, including testing for primer. Gaskets and backers shall be tested for compatibility involving exposure to 2000 to 4000 microwatt/cm2 UV radiation for 21 days while in contact with sealant on glass. Spacers with full contact on structural silicone shall not discolor white silicone sealant during this test. The Contractor shall: a) Temporarily brace glass in position for duration of glazing process. Mask edges of glass at adjoining glass edges and between glass edges and framing members. Temporarily secure a small diameter non-adhering foamed rod on back side of joint. Apply sealant to open side of joint in continuous operation; thoroughly fill the joint without displacing the foam rod. Tool the sealant surface smooth to concave profile. Permit sealant to cure then remove foam backer rod. Apply sealant to opposite side, tool sealant smooth to concave profile. Remove masking tape.
2.
b)
c)
d)
e) E.
Interior Wet/Dry Method (Tape and Sealant) 1. The Contractor shall: a) Cut glazing tape to length and install against permanent stops, projecting 1.6 mm above sight line. Place setting blocks at points with edge block no more than 150 mm from corners. Set glazing on setting blocks and push against tape to ensure full contact at perimeter of pane or unit. Install removable stops, spacer shims inserted between glazing and applied stops at 600 mm intervals, 6 mm below sight line. Fill gaps between pane and applied stop with compatible sealant to depth equal to bite of frame on glazing, to uniform line and level flush with sight line. Tool sealant surface smooth.
b)
c)
d)
e)
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f)
Trim sight-exposed tape edge to provide a slight mesh away from the glass.
F.
Interior Dry Method (Tape and Tape) 1. The Contractor shall: a) Cut glazing tape to length and set against permanent stops, projecting 1.6 mm above sight line. Butt-joint tape edges; seal joints with butyl sealant. Place setting blocks at points with edge block no more than 150 mm from corners. Set glazing on setting blocks and push against tape for full contact at perimeter of pane or unit. Place glazing tape on free perimeter of glazing in same manner described above. Install removable stop without displacement of tape. Exert pressure on tape for full continuous contact. Trim sight-exposed tape to provide a slight mesh away from the glass.
b)
c)
d)
e)
f) G.
Interior Wet Method (Compound and Compound) 1. The Contractor shall: a) Install glazing resting on setting blocks. Install applied stop and center pane by use of spacer shims at 600 mm centers, kept 6 mm below sight line. Locate and secure glazing pane using spring wire clips. Fill gaps between glazing and stops with glazing compound until flush with sight line. Tool surface to straight line.
b) c)
H.
Exterior/Interior Dry Method (Gasket Glazing) 1. The Contractor shall: a) Fabricate compression gaskets in lengths recommended by gasket manufacturer to fit openings exactly, with stretch allowance during installation. Install gaskets to protrude past face of glazing stops. Insert soft compression gasket between glass and frame or fixed stop. Miter cut and vulcanize ends together at corners where gaskets are used for channel glazing, so that gaskets will not pull away from corners and result in voids or leaks in the glazing. Place setting blocks at points with edge block no more than 150 mm from corners. Center glass lites in openings and press firmly against soft compression gasket by inserting dense compression gaskets formed
b)
c)
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and installed to lock in place against faces of removable stops. Start gasket applications at corners and work toward centers of openings. Compress gaskets to produce a weather-tight seal without developing bending stresses in glass. Seal gasket joints with sealant recommended by gasket manufacturer. d) Install removable stops without displacing glazing gasket; exert pressure for full continuous contact.
3.06 ADHESIVE INSTALLATION OF MIRRORS A. The Contractor shall: 1. Apply one additional coat of moisture-resistant paint, of type recommended by mirror manufacturer, to back of mirror, and allow drying. Apply mirror mastic to cover not more than 25% of back of mirror. Set mirror in support on setting blocks or continuous gasket, and press against substrate to ensure bond of adhesive. Leave open ventilation space, 3 mm or more in thickness between mirror and substrate, over 75% of mirror area (wherever there is no adhesive). Do not seal-off ventilation space at edges of mirror.
2.
3.07 MANUFACTURER'S FIELD SERVICES A. Glass and glazing product manufacturers shall provide field surveillance of the installation of their products. Installation procedures shall be monitored and unacceptable conditions reported to the Royal Commission.
B.
3.08 CURING A. The Contractor shall cure glazing sealants and compounds in compliance with manufacturer's instructions and recommendations to obtain high early bond strength, internal cohesive strength, and surface durability.
3.09 INSPECTION A. All-Glass Scratch Inspection 1. 2. 3. 4. Precautions shall be taken to avoid scratching. Scratches smaller than 50 mm shall be allowed in any area. Scratches longer than 50 mm shall be allowed only within 75 mm of an edge. Scratches longer than 50 mm shall not be allowed in primary vision area.
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5. B.
Large clusters of scratches or closely spaced scratches shall not be allowed.
Coated Glass Pinhole Inspection 1. At viewing distance of 1800 mm, pinholes greater than 1.6 mm in diameter shall not be allowed. Large clusters or close spacing of smaller pinholes shall not be allowed in any area through which a person would normally look. Clusters shall be allowed out of the normal viewing area. When viewed against a bright, uniform background at a distance of 3000 mm or more, color, reflectance, and transmission may vary slightly within the acceptable limits set by the Royal Commission.
2.
3. 4.
3.10 REPLACEMENT, PROTECTION AND CLEANING A. The Contractor shall protect glass from breakage immediately upon installation. Crossed streamers of ribbons shall be used, suitably attached to framing and held free of the glass. Warning markings with materials such as lime chalk, soap, marking pen, etc. which may stain glass, glazing material or frames shall not be applied directly on the glass surface, whether coated or non-coated. Do not apply tape of any kind. To indicate the presence of glass in hazardous locations, signs or notices shall be placed. Glass and glazing materials shall be protected from contact with contaminating substances resulting from construction operations, including weld splatter, sand blasting, concrete spatter, paint, etc. If, despite such protection, contaminating substances do come into contact with glass, they shall be removed immediately, in accordance with glass manufacturers recommendations. Glass surfaces adjacent to or below exterior concrete and other masonry surfaces shall be examined at frequent intervals during construction, but not less than once a month, for build-up of dirt, scum, alkaline deposits, or stains. These shall be removed as recommended by glass manufacturer. The Contractor shall remove and replace glass which is broken, cracked, chipped, abraded or damaged in any way from any source, including natural causes, vandalism and accidents during the construction period. Glass shall be maintained in a reasonably clean condition during construction, so that it will not be damaged by corrosive action and will not contribute (by wash-off) to the deterioration of glazing materials and other work. Non-permanent labels shall be removed and surfaces shall be cleaned. All glazing shall be washed and polished on both exposed surfaces in each area of project not more than 4 days before date scheduled for inspections that establish date of Substantial Completion. The Contractor shall comply with instructions of the glass and glazing material manufacturers for cleaning in each case.
B.
C.
D. E.
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SECTION 08815 Glass and Glazing Accessories Rev 0

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SECTION 08815 Glass and Glazing Accessories Rev 0

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SECTION 08815 GLASS AND GLAZING ACCESSORIES