The definition of project, management and project management.

Organization perform work that involves operation or projects or may be overlapping. There are a few characteristics of project or operation which are, that performed by people, have constrain on resources and also project or operation needs to plan, execute and control. In short, project are means of achieving an organization's strategic plan. basically, project and operation are differ each other. Project are temporary and unique while operation are ongoing and repetitive. Based on Project Management Institute (2004), project are defined as a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product or service. While, according to Meredith and Mantel (2010), the term program is referred as a very large, long-range objective that will be broken down into a set of projects. These projects are then divided into tasks that will be split up into work packages. These work packages are composed of work units. According to McFarland, manage itself means to handle while management was originally a noun that used to indicate the process for managing, training or directing. From his identifying, there are four important uses of word management, as 1) an organizational and administrative process, 2) discipline, science, or art, 3) the group of people that runs the organization and 4) an occupational career. Basically, management is the planning, organizing, leading, and controlling of human and other resources to achieve organizational goals effectively and efficiently based on Albanese. Project management can be defined as the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to meet project requirement. Project management is accomplished through the use of the processes such as initiating, planning, executing, controlling and closing. Usually, the term of project management is used to describe an organizational approach to the management by projects, treats many aspects of ongoing operations as projects to apply project management techniques to them. There are advantages of project management such as shorten out the development times, lower the costs of the projects, gives a higher quality and reliability and result on higher worker moral. However, there are disadvantages to the organization such as it result in a greater organizational complexity and also increases the difficulties of management and low personnel utilization. As a result, the parent organization and its manager cannot accomplish the desired output through the functional organization.