As a young country on the development curve, India has the opportunity to take early moves on carbon reduction Backbencher

approach in Environmental Policy Making & is against signing the climate change treaty India is absorbing the pollution of developed world for products and services which are eventually used by them

Indias Greenhouse Gas emissions stand @ just two tonnes per capita as compared to five in China, eleven in Europe & twenty in the US Europe has committed to emission reductions of 30 % by 2020 & 60-80 % in 2050 India will have to develop strategies to emissions below that of the developed world keep

It means as our Per Capita Income grows by 16 times by 2050 @ present growth rate, India can only let its per capita emissions grow by 2 times in the same period We have to take our emission goals into account right now while building our infrastructure and expanding our cities

Environment-driven crisis tends to affect those parts of the economy that are most in touch with countrys land, water and air Farmers have noticed changes in local rainfall and monsoon patterns Early indicator of uncomfortable environmental changes across India has been the stagnation of Agricultural Sector where soil degradation and growing droughts and water shortage have affected farm productivity Governments price guarantees for rice, wheat and sugarcane persuaded Indian farmers to grow these water intensive crops in mass even in arid regions Israel uses far less water than we do per hectare, and still surpass us in agricultural productivity

India is just one third canal fed, rest of its crops depend primarily on groundwater No incentive to save water and no projects for recharging these natural resources Free power to farmers - Vote magnet for Government & Use of subsidized fertilizer and pesticides has desalinated & poisoned the soil A crisis of water shortages & failing crops, driven over most of countrys farmers in debt & suicides Free electricity to pump out fast vanishing groundwater and cuts in fertilizer will degrade the soil quality Degradation of land is now costing 20 % of agricultural output every year. @ this rate, India will have to import 40 million tonnes of food grains by 2030

Coal Mines - Ruinous impact on Indias economy Badly regulated Coal manufacturing industry Waste is discarded in open, creating large areas of barren wasteland

Banning the products that pollute has massive negative impact on business revenues Ban on plastic bags in Maharashtra in 2005 (Loss of jobs of around 100,000 workers) Comparison
China - lax government policy, willing to trade pollution for growth India - State led environmental policy, pollution standards which are difficult to enforce Best standards in car emission norms

Not the quantity but quality is what matters.. Focus less on seasonal monsoon & more on ground water resources Five year plans focus on irrigation projects which in turn dry up in summer Restore traditional water bodies

Businesses dont pay for environmental losses like effluents flowing into the water bodies Banks of river Damodar has over 300 coal, iron ore, limestone and mica mines Yamuna, has 3 billion litres of waste poured in it everyday

Challenges we face in environment and energy are global challenges of our generation Proactive environmental strategy is needed Growth rate is directly related to challenges in adapting to global warming, meeting energy needs, preserving forests, restoring water resources which have already reached crisis level

Indias growth story dependant on energy supply & sustainability. Questions of long term sustainability over short term supply.

It would be economically destructive for India to go all the way up in our oil consumption, and then be forced to come down Sharad Lele.

In US, it was George Bissell, in late 19th century discovered the real value of rock oil, which was being used as folk medicine to heal wounds and for stomach upsets. From that period, oil grew at an indispensable part of the US economy, enabling the oil-led industrial revolution and the economic rise of the US through the 20th century

Energy access now makes all the difference, It determines who is poor and who is not.

Indias venture into coal & oil began early, when exploration for energy started under British rule. (oil discovery in Burma & coal in Indias central provinces) Post 1947 strategy- participation of foreign players in energy policy.

During 60s, almost 85% of energy needs came from informal sources such as wood and biogas. The government had not interfered with the industry allowing foreign & private players freedom. In 70s, Mohan Kumaramanagalam (the then minister of steel & mines), suggested that the mines were treating workers unfairly, and cited reports of 1937 where workers were killed in mine accidents. Since then, Indias coal industry has been affected due to falling production, low investments, largescale inefficiencies, illegal mining, rise to sizable mafia in coal, large scale wastage.

Indias private companies have discovered more gas in the last decade than the government did in the past sixty years Montek singh Ahluwalia
Alternative Energy Solution Providers
Acme Tele Power has developed Low cost cooling solution (chemical-gel cooling packs) replacing air-conditioning for cellular towers in India. TATA BP solar has implemented solar projects that can power irrigation and lighting systems in rural areas SELCO provides solar headlamps to the poor, which are funded by micro-finance loans.

Renewable energy Significant energy initiative Business interest Increased investment

Option for alternative energy

nuclear

Solar

Hydrogen

Bio-fuel

Wind

Model of internet Decentralized energy system Innovative solutions

Thank You