Atitiw V. Zamora G.R. No. 143374 En Banc, J. Tinga Facts: Th rati!ication o! th 1"#7 $onstit%tion or&ains th cr ation o!

a%tonomo%s r gions in '%s(im 'in&anao an& in th $or&i(( ras man&ating th $ongr ss to nact organic acts )%rs%ant to s ction 1# o! artic( * o! th $onstit%tion. Th%s, +, -irt% o! th r si&%a( )ow rs o! .r si& nt $or, A/%ino sh )rom%(gat & E.0 112 cr ating $AR. Th n th congr ss nact & R.A 3733, an act )ro-i&ing !or organic act !or th cor&i(( ra a%tonomo%s r gion, a )( +iscit was cast +%t was not a))ro- +, th ) o)( . Th co%rt & c(ar & that E.0 112 to + sti(( in !orc an& !! ct %nti( )ro) r(, r ) a( & or am n& &. 4at r on F +r%ar, 15, 1222, .r si& nt Estra&a sign & th G n ra( A))ro)riations Act o! 1222 6GAA 12227 which inc(%& s th assai( & s) cia( )ro-isions, th n iss% & an E.0 172 to 8t n& th im)( m ntation o! th win&ing %) o! o) rations o! th $AR an& 8t n& & it +, -irt% o! E.0 31#. Th ) tition rs s 9 th & c(aration o! n%((it, o! )aragra)h 1 o! th s) cia( )ro-isions o! RA #72 6GAA 12227 &ir cting that th a))ro)riation !or th $AR sha(( + s) nt to win& %) its acti-iti s an& )a, th s )aration an& r tir m nt + n !its o! a(( th a!! ct & m m+ rs an& m)(o, s. :ss% : 1. 1. 3. ;h th r th assai( & s) cia( )ro-isions in RA #732 is a ri& r an& as s%ch is %nconstit%tiona(. ;h th r th .hi(i))in Go- rnm nt, thro%gh $ongr ss, can %ni(at ra((, am n&<r ) a( E0 112. ;h th r th R )%+(ic sho%(& + or& r & to honor its commitm nts as s) (( & o%t in E0.112

r ) a( E.0 112 is r = ct &, th r is no s%ch thing as an irr ) a(a+( (aw. An& nothing co%(& )r - nt th $ongr ss !rom am n&ing or r ) a(ing th E.0. 112 + ca%s it is no &i!! r nt !rom an, oth r (aw. Th (ast iss% , th co%rt r%( & that, th conc )t o! s )arations o! )ow rs )r s%))os s m%t%a( r s) ct. Th r !or , th im)( m ntation o! E.0. 112 is an 8 c%ti- )r rogati- whi( th so%rcing o! !%n&s is within th )ow rs o! th ( gis(at%r . :n th a+s nc o! an, gra- a+%s o! &iscr tion, th co%rt cannot corr ct th acts o! ith r th E8 c%ti- or th 4 gis(ati- in r s) ct to )o(ici s conc rning $AR. 'ATE0 $AR:?0 -s T@E :NAB4AR G0VERN'ENT G.R. No. 4C1743 D c m+ r 3, 1"23 FA$TA: 0n J%n 13, 1"23, 'at o $ariEo w nt to th $o%rt o! 4an& R gistration to ) tition his inscri)tion as th own r o! a 143 h ctar (an& h Fs + n )oss ssing in th th n m%nici)a(it, o! Bag%io. 'at o on(, )r s nt & )oss ssor, in!ormation an& no oth r &oc%m ntation. Th Atat o))os & th ) tition a- rring that th (an& is )art o! th BA mi(itar, r s r-ation. Th $4R r%( & in !a-or o! 'at o. Th Atat a)) a( &. 'at o (ost. 'at o a- rr & that a grant sho%(& + gi- n to him +, r ason o! imm moria( %s an& occ%)ation as in th )r -io%s cas $ansino -s Va(& G H Tig(ao -s Go- rnm nt. :AABE: ;h th r or not 'at o is th right!%( own r o! th (an& +, -irt% o! his )oss ssion o! it !or som tim . @E4D: No. Th stat%t o! (imitations &i& not r%n against th go- rnm nt. Th go- rnm nt is sti(( th a+so(%t own r o! th (an& 6r ga(ian &octrin 7. F%rth r, 'at oFs )oss ssion o! th (an& has not + n o! s%ch a charact r as to r /%ir th )r s%m)tion o! a grant. No on has (i- & %)on it !or man, , ars. :t was n - r %s & !or an,thing +%t )ast%rag o! anima(s, 8c )t insigni!icant )ortions th r o!, an& sinc th ins%rr ction against A)ain it has a))ar nt(, not + n %s & +, th ) tition r !or an, )%r)os . ;hi( th Atat has a(wa,s r cogniG & th right o! th occ%)ant to a & & i! h )ro- s a )oss ssion !or a s%!!ici nt ( ngth o! tim , , t it has a(wa,s insist & that h m%st ma9 that )roo! + !or th )ro) r a&ministrati- o!!ic rs, an& o+tain !rom th m his & &, an& %nti( h &i& th Atat r main & th a+so(%t own r.

R%(ing: :n r (ation to artic( V: s ction 15617 an& s ction 13 th co%rt sai& that 888 an a))ro)riations +i(( co- rs a +roa& r rang o! s%+= ct matt r an& th r !or inc(%& s mor & tai(s com)ar & to an or&inar, +i((. Th tit( o! an a))ro)riations +i(( cannot + an, +roa& r as it is sinc it is not ! asi+( to com o%t with a tit( that m+rac s a(( th & tai(s inc(%& & in an a))ro)riations +i(( 888. Th assai( & )aragra)h 1 o! th RA#732 &o s not constit%t a ri& r> it !o((ows th stan&ar& that a )ro-ision in an a))ro)riations +i(( m%st r (at s) ci!ica((, to som )artic%(ar a))ro)riations. 0n th oth r han&, th cont ntion that $ongr ss cannot am n& or