TECHNO INDIA COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

New Town, Mega City, Rajarhat, Kolkata 700156

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering and Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering

P O!ECT EPO T ON A"TO#ATIC TE#PE AT" E CONT OLLE $ITH COOLING %Y%TE# "%ING #IC OCONT OLLE

\ Under the supervision of

#r& a'i( )arui

%u(mitted )*+
,-& Arun )era 1-& %onal 2umar 4-& #u0es/ 2umar .-& C/andra Pra0as/ 3-& a0es/ #is/ra

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We would like to express our sincere gratitude towards Mr. Rajib arui! our project guide for his able guidance! co"prehensive suggestions and tre"endous technical support to "ake this project a realit#. We also extend our profound gratitude to $r %anjib %il! Head O !e"art#ent, $C$, for his co"prehensive suggestions and support to co"plete this project successfull#. We would also like to thank the other facult# "e"bers who have helped us whenever we needed an# t#pe of assistance.

$ate& '(th Ma#! )'**

*. +run era ). %onal ,u"ar -. Mukesh ,u"ar .. /handra 0rakash 1. Rakesh Mishra

A)%T ACT+5

2his project is designed to control the roo" te"perature auto"aticall# for those te"perature sensitive instru"ents and an# other industrial applications. 2his circuit co"prises of Microcontroller +234%1)! +nalog to $igital /onverter +$/'3'.! 2e"perature sensor 5M-1! *(6) 5/$! $arlington pair 7 /1.8! %5*''9! Rela#! u::er! etc. 2his circuit displa#s the current te"perature and an# change in te"perature. 2his circuit concerns over the roo" te"perature! if the te"perature goes over a certain li"it which is fixed here at .1 / then the cooler is set ;< and it will re"ain ;< until the roo" te"perature drops below -1 /. =f the roo" te"perature for an# reason does not drop down and crosses certain higher te"perature! fixed here at 1' C the
alarm will be set ON.

INDE6
%l&No * ) . 1 ( 8 3 4 *' ** E7ents
5;/,$=+>R+M ;? 0R;@A/2 M=/R;/;<2R;55AR +$/ '3'. 2AM0AR+2URA %A<%;R 5MB-1 *(6) 5/$ $+R5=<>2;< 0+=R C UDDAR /=R/U=2 $=+>R+M W;R,=<> /=R/U=2 0R;>R+M /;</5U%=;< RA?AR+</A

Page no&

)loc0 Diagram+5

Relay Darlingt on pair

#IC OCONT OLLE AT89%31 +

2he +234%1) is a lowBpower! highBperfor"ance /M;% 3Bbit "icrocontroller with 3 ,b#tes of inBs#ste" progra""able ?lash "e"or#. 2he device is "anufactured using +t"elEs highBdensit# nonvolatile "e"or# technolog# and is co"patible with the industr#Bstandard 3'/1* instruction set and pin out. 2he onBchip ?lash allows the progra" "e"or# to be reprogra""ed inB s#ste" or b# a conventional nonvolatile "e"or# progra""er. # co"bining a versatile 3Bbit /0U with inBs#ste" progra""able ?lash on a "onolithic chip! the +t"el +234%1) is a powerful "icrocontroller which provides a highl#B flexible and costBeffective solution to "an# e"bedded control applications. 2he +234%1) provides the following standard features& 3, b#tes of ?lash! )1( b#tes of R+M! -) =F; lines! Watchdog ti"er! two data pointers! three *(Bbit ti"erFcounters! a sixBvector twoBlevel interrupt architecture! a full duplex serial port! onBchip oscillator! and clock circuitr#. =n addition! the +234%1) is designed with static logic for operation down to :ero freGuenc# and supports two software selectable power saving "odes. 2he =dle Mode stops the /0U while allowing the R+M! ti"erFcounters! serial port! and interrupt s#ste" to continue functioning. 2he 0owerBdown "ode saves the R+M contents but free:es the oscillator! disabling all other chip functions until the next interrupter hardware reset.

Pin Description
:CC+ 5 %uppl# voltage. GND+ 5 >round. Port ;+5 0ort ' is an 3Bbit open drain bidirectional =F; port. +s an output port! each pin can sink eight 225 inputs. When *s are written to port ' pins! the pins can be used as high i"pedance inputs. 0ort ' can also be configured to be the "ultiplexed lowBorder addressFdata bus during accesses to external progra" and data "e"or#. =n this "ode! 0' has internal pullBups. 0ort ' also receives the code b#tes during ?lash progra""ing and outputs the code b#tes during progra" verification. E<ternal pull5ups are re=uired during program 7erification. Port ,+5 0ort * is an 3Bbit bidirectional =F; port with internal pullBups. 2he 0ort * output buffers can sinkFsource four 225 inputs. When *s are written to 0ort * pins! the# are pulled high b# the internal pullBups and can be used as inputs. +s inputs! 0ort * pins that are externall# being pulled low will source current 7==59 because of the internal pullBups. =n addition! 0*.' and 0*.* can be configured to be the ti"erFcounter ) external count input 70*.'F2)9 and the ti"erFcounter ) trigger input 70*.*F2)AH9! respectivel#! as shown in the following table. 0ort * also receives the lowBorder address b#tes during ?lash progra""ing and verification.

Port 1+5 0ort ) is an 3Bbit bidirectional =F; port with internal pullBups. 2he 0ort ) output buffers can sinkFsource four 225 inputs. When *s are written to 0ort ) pins! the# are pulled high b# the internal pullBups and can be used as inputs. +s inputs! 0ort ) pins that are externall# being pulled low will source current 7==59 because of the internal pullBups. 0ort ) e"its the highBorder address b#te during fetches fro" external progra" "e"or# and

during accesses to external data "e"or# that uses *(Bbit addresses 7M;IH J$02R9. =n this application! 0ort ) uses strong internal pullBups when e"itting *s. $uring accesses to external data "e"or# that uses 3Bbit addresses 7M;IH J R=9! 0ort ) e"its the contents of the 0) %pecial ?unction Register. 0ort ) also receives the highBorder address bits and so"e control signals during ?lash progra""ing and verification. Port 4+5 0ort - is an 3Bbit bidirectional =F; port with internal pullBups. 2he 0ort - output buffers can sinkFsource four 225 inputs. When *s are written to 0ort - pins! the# are pulled high b# the internal pullBups and can be used as inputs. +s inputs! 0ort - pins that are externall# being pulled low will source current 7==59 because of the pullBups.

%T+5 Reset input. + high on this pin for two "achine c#cles while the oscillator is running resets the device. 2his pin drives high for 43 oscillator periods after the Watchdog ti"es out. 2he $=%R2; bit in %?R +UHR 7address 3AK9 can be used to disable this feature. =n the default state of bit $=%R2;! the RA%A2 K=>K out feature is enabled. ALE>P OG +ddress 5atch Anable 7+5A9 is an output pulse for latching the low b#te of the address during accesses to external "e"or#. 2his pin is also the progra" pulse input 70R;>9 during ?lash progra""ing. =n nor"al operation! +5A is e"itted at a constant rate of *F( the oscillator freGuenc# and "a# be used for external ti"ing or clocking purposes. <ote! however! that one +5A pulse is skipped during each access to external data "e"or#. =f desired! +5A operation can be disabled b# setting bit ' of %?R location 3AK. With the bit set! +5A is active onl# during a M;IH or M;I/ instruction. ;therwise! the pin is weakl# pulled high. %etting the +5ABdisable bit has no effect if the "icrocontroller is in external execution "ode.

P%EN+5 0rogra" %tore Anable 70%A<9 is the read strobe to external progra" "e"or#. When the +234%1) is executing code fro" external progra" "e"or#! 0%A< is activated twice each "achine c#cle! except that two 0%A< activations are skipped during each access to external data "e"or#. EA>:PP+5 Axternal +ccess Anable. A+ "ust be strapped to ><$ in order to enable the device to fetch code fro" external progra" "e"or# locations starting at ''''K up to ????K. <ote! however! that if lock bit * is progra""ed! A+ will be internall# latched on reset. A+ should be strapped to I// for internal progra" executions. 2his pin also receives the *)Bvolt progra""ing enable voltage 7I009 during ?lash 0rogra""ing. 6TAL,+5 =nput to the inverting oscillator a"plifier and input to the internal clock operating circuit. 6TAL1+5 ;utput fro" the inverting oscillator a"plifier.

ANALOG TO DIGITAL CON:E TE +5

2he +$/'3'H fa"il# are /M;% 3B it! successive approxi"ation +F$ converters which use a "odified potentio"etric ladder and are designed to operate with the 3'3'+ control bus via threeBstate outputs. 2hese converters appear to the processor as "e"or# locations or =F; ports! and hence no interfacing logic is reGuired. 2he differential analog voltage input has good co""on "ode Brejection and per"its offsetting the analog :eroBinput voltage value. =n addition! the voltage reference input can be adjusted to allow encoding an# s"aller analog voltage span to the full 3 bits of resolution.

Features +5
L 3'/.3 and 3'/3'F31 us /o"patible B <o =nterfacing 5ogic ReGuired L /onversion 2i"e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M*''Ns L Aas# =nterface to Most Microprocessors L Will ;perate in a %tand +lone Mode L $ifferential +nalog Ioltage =nputs L Works with andgap Ioltage References L 225 /o"patible =nputs and ;utputs L ;nB/hip /lock >enerator L +nalog Ioltage =nput Range 7%ingle O 1I %uppl#9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 'I to 1I L <o DeroB+djust ReGuired.

ADC INTE FACING+

TE#PE AT" E %EN%O L#543 +5 General Description

2he 5M-1 series are precision integratedBcircuit te"perature sensors! whose output voltage is linearl# proportional to the /elsius 7/entigrade9 te"perature. 2he 5M-1 thus has an advantage over linear te"perature sensors calibrated in P ,elvin! as the user is not reGuired to subtract a large constant voltage fro" its output to obtain convenient /entigrade scaling. 2he 5M-1 does not reGuire an# external calibration or tri""ing to provide t#pical accuracies of Q*R.P/ at roo" te"perature and Q-R.P/ over a full S11 to O*1'P/ te"perature range. 5ow cost is assured b# tri""ing and calibration at the wafer level. 2he 5M-1Es low output i"pedance! linear output! and precise inherent calibration "ake interfacing to readout or control circuitr# especiall# eas#. =t can be used with single power supplies! or with plus and "inus supplies. +s it draws onl# (' N+ fro" its suppl#! it has ver# low selfBheating! less than '.*P/ in still air. 2he 5M-1 is rated to operate over a S11P to O*1'P/ te"perature range! while the 5M-1/ is rated for a S.'P to O**'P/ range 7S*'P with i"proved accurac#9. 2he 5M-1 series is available packaged in her"etic 2;B.( transistor packages! while the 5M-1/! 5M-1/+! and 5M-1$ are also available in the plastic 2;B4) transistor package. 2he 5M-1$ is also available in an 3Blead surface "ount s"all outline package and a plastic 2;B))' package.

Features
*. /alibrated directl# in P /elsius 7/entigrade9 ). 5inear O *'.' "IFP/ scale factor -. '.1P/ accurac# guarantee able 7at O)1P/9 4. Rated for full S11P to O*1'P/ range 1. %uitable for re"ote applications (. 5ow cost due to waferBlevel tri""ing 8. ;perates fro" . to -' volts 3. 5ess than (' N+ current drain 4. 5ow selfBheating! '.'3P/ in still air *'. <onlinearit# onl# Q*R.P/ t#pical 11. 5ow i"pedance output! '.* W for * "+ load

LI?"ID C Y%TAL DI%PLAY@,ABLCD- +5

FEAT" E%
L 1 x 3 dots with cursor L uiltBin controller 7,% ''(( or AGuivalent9 L O 1I power suppl# 7+lso available for O -I9 L *F*( dut# c#cle L F5 to be driven b# pin *! pin ) or pin *1! pin *( or +., 75A$9 L <.I. optional for O -I power suppl#

,AB1 LCD INTE FACING+

DA LINGTONPAI +5

2he $arlington pair is basicall# a co"bination of two bipolar transistors connected as shown. =n $arlington pair! two transistors connected together so that the current a"plified b# the first is a"plified further b# the second transistor. 2he overall current gain is eGual to the two individual gains "ultiplied together. $arlington pair current gain! h?A T h?A*U ?A) 7h?A* and h?A) are the gains of the individual transistors9. 2o turn on two transistors 2R* and 2R) at the sa"e ti"e there "ust be '.8I across baseBe"itter junctions of both the transistors. 2o put it si"pl#! *..I is reGuired to turn two transistors on at sa"e ti"e. $arlington pairs are available as co"plete packages in the "arket but #ou can "ake up #our own fro" two transistorsV 2R* can be a low power t#pe! but nor"all# 2R) will need to be high power. 2he "axi"u" collector current =c7"ax9 for the pair is the sa"e as =c7"ax9 for 2R). Transistor&B*. /1.8 ). %5*''

)"CCE +5 =t is an electrical u::er.=t reGuires 1v W *) v for operation.

CI C"IT DIAG A# +

P OG A# +
XincludeMreg1*.hY Xdefine ldata 0' Xdefine U02AM0 .1 Xdefine $;W<2AM0 -1 Xdefine +5 1' sbit rs T 0)Z-V sbit rw T 0)Z)V sbit en T 0)Z*V sbit adc[readT 0-Z.V sbit adc[writeT 0-Z-V sbit adc[intrT 0-Z1V sbit outputT0-Z8V sbit alar" T0-Z(V bit loadonT'V void dela#7int ti"e9 \ int i!jV for7iT'ViM*)8ViOO9 \ for7jT'VjMti"eVjOO9 \

] ] ] void lcd[data7unsigned char a9 \ rsT*V ldataTaV enT*V dela#7*9V enT'V dela#7*9V ] void lcd[c"d7unsigned char a9 \ rsT'V ldataTaV enT*V dela#7*9V enT'V dela#7*9V ] void lcd[string7char Us9 \ while7Us9 \ lcd[data7Us9V

sOOV ] ] void lcd[init79 \ lcd[c"d7'x-39V lcd[c"d7'x'e9V lcd[c"d7'x'*9V lcd[c"d7'x'/9V lcd[c"d7'x3'9V ]

void "ain79 \ unsigned char valT'!te"pT'V unsigned int xT'V float te"p*V outputT'V alar"T*V rwT'V lcd[init79V lcd[string7^ WA5/;MA_^9V lcd[c"d7'x/'9V lcd[string7^2AM0. MA2AR^9V adc[readT*V

adc[writeT*V dela#7*'''9V lcd[c"d7'x'*9V

while7*9 \ dela#7*''9V adc[readT*V adc[writeT'V dela#7*9V adc[writeT*V while7adc[intrTT*9V adc[readT'V valT0*V te"p*T77float9valF)119U*''.''V xOT7int9te"p*V dela#7*'9V dela#7*''9V adc[readT*V adc[writeT'V dela#7*9V adc[writeT*V while7adc[intrTT*9V adc[readT'V valT0*V te"p*T77float9valF)119U*''.''V

xOT7int9te"p*V dela#7*'9V dela#7*''9V adc[readT*V adc[writeT'V dela#7*9V adc[writeT*V while7adc[intrTT*9V adc[readT'V valT0*V te"p*T77float9valF)119U*''.''V xOT7int9te"p*V te"pTxF-V xT'V if7te"pYTU02AM0 CC loadonTT'9 \ outputT*V loadonT*V ] if7te"pMT$;W<2AM0 CC loadonTT*9 \ outputT'V loadonT'V ] if7te"pYT+59 \

alar"T'V ]

lcd[c"d7'x3'9V lcd[string7^2AM0T ^9V lcd[data77te"pF*'9`*'O.39V lcd[data7te"p`*'O.39V lcd[string7^ $A>. /^9V lcd[c"d7'x/'9V if7loadonTT*9 \ lcd[string7^/;;5AR ;< ^9V ] else \ lcd[string7^/;;5AR ;??^9V ] lcd[c"d7'x3'9V ] ]

CONCL"%ION +
#ain features of t/e circuit are
,- 2he instru"entEs "ain control circuit e"plo#s "icroBcontroller s#ste" and large scale integrated circuit. =t adopts "anB"achine dialogue interface and large screen 5/ character displa# technolog# and is pro"inent in displa#! convenient in operation and hand#. 1- %table and reliable te"perature control s#ste". =t has auto"atic control circuit! 4- %table and reliable air flow s#ste" using fan. ..9/an be i"ple"ented wherever necessar#. F"T" E DE:ELOP#ENT L L We will also connect an auto"atic dialer to our /ircuit. When the te"perature will be so "uch i.e. greater than certain te"p. it will auto"aticall# dial a nu"ber. We will interface a ,e#board so that we can change the range of the te"perature in the field i.e. field progra""able.

BIBLEOGRAPHY

www.wikepedia.com The 8 !1 microcontroller by "a#idi and "a#idi 8 !1 t$torial %rom www.8 !&.com www.datasheets4$.com