Using References in Your Assignments / Dissertation / Thesis: the IEEE referencing system [*] 1. !er!

ie" of Referencing
The two parts to referencing are: 1. citations in the text of the report 2. a list of references at the end of the report, or at the end of each chapter. Citations show that information comes from another source. The list of references gives the details of these sources. You need to use citations when: you incorporate information from other sources: factual material that you want to show where further information may e found e!uations are stated, ut not derived graphs and ta les of data are !uoted from elsewhere pictures and diagrams are included that you did not draw yourself you !uote word"for"word from another wor#. There are two systems of referencing commonly used in $ngineering, the %arvard &author" date' system and the ($$$ &num ering' system. )lways chec# which is re!uired, ut usually, the IEEE referencing system is re#uire$ in E%ectrica% an$ &om'uter (ystems Engineering. (n the ($$$ referencing system:

).&itations in the te*t of the $ocument:

$ach citation in the text is given a uni!ue num er written in s!uare rac#ets, eg. *+,. $ach citation is num ered in the order in which it appears in the text. (f you need to cite a reference more than once in the text, the num er of its first appearance &its uni!ue num er' is used each time you cite it. -or example: .. -rom /(C programming manual *+,. or .. as shown y -araday *0,.

+.Entries in the Reference %ist:

The list is in num er order. (t is a list num ered from 1 to n, the num er of each listing corresponding to the uni!ue num er that each source was assigned in the text. $xample: *2, 1tandards )ustralia, Australian Standards for Civil Engineering Students, HB2.2-1998 Part 2: Structural Engineering, 1ydney: 1tandards )ustralia, 1223.

,. Using materia% from other sources

4o not loc#"copy material from the we or from oo#s. )void 5i#ipedia and similar. You can use 5i#i6s to find other material during researching, ut 4786T use it as a reference in your report. You need to summarise, paraphrase or !uote the material, and you must always cite the source. -or short !uotations of one or two sentences: $nclose the exact words in single !uotation mar#s. /lace the citation in s!uare rac#ets after the !uotation or after the author9s name in the sentence. -or longer !uotations of more than two sentences: (ndent the !uotation from oth margins and type in smaller text. 4o not use !uotation mar#s. /lace the citation in s!uare rac#ets after the !uotation. $xample of a citation for a direct !uote: ($$$ referencing system:
(n order to reduce the emissions from cars in the :1), regulations have een introduced in many states. -or example, ;in California, 2< of each ma=or car manufacturer9s sales must e >ero"emission vehicles in 2??2, increasing to +< in 2??+ and 1?< in 2??@6 *2, p1?0,.

-or further advice on how to !uote and paraphrase, refer to pages 112"11A of the oo#: %eather 1ilyn"Bo erts, 5riting for 1cience, 1econd edition, /earson $ducation, )uc#land, 2??2. %argrave")ndrew Ci rary Call num er: 3?3.?DDDB+3@5

-. De!ising a .ist of References

(n the ($$$ referencing system: $ntries in the list are in numerical order, not in alpha etical order. $ntries are num ered from 1 to n, where the num er of each entry corresponds to the uni!ue num er that each source was assigned in the text.

-.1 /a0ing entries in the %ist of References

-or more detailed advice on how to devise entries for a list of Beferences according to the ($$$ referencing system, refer to the li rary we site: http:EEwww.li .monash.edu.EtutorialsEcitingEieee.html 7r to the ($$$: Transactions, Fournals and Cetters we site: http:EEwww.ieee.orgEportalEcmsGdocsEpu sEtransactionsEauinfo?0.pdf -.1.11oo0s You must include these details in your list of references in the following order. (nitials and surname of the author&s', Title of pu lication, edition if other than the first, place of pu lication: pu lisher, year of pu lication, page num ers of any specific facts or material !uoted. Hoo# with a clear author: *1, 4. 1arunyagate, Casers, 8ew Yor#: IcJraw %ill, 122D. *2, K. %ill, The 1tructure of Ietals, 0rd ed., 7xford: /ergamon /ress, 1223, pp 12D L 20?. Hoo# with no author given:

*12, 1tyle Ianual for )uthors, $ditors and /rinters, +th ed., Can erra: )ustralian Jovernment /u lishing 1ervice, 122D. Hoo# y an association or institution: *3, )ustroads, Bural Boad 4esign: Juide to the Jeometric 4esign of Bural Boads, 1ydney: )ustroads, 1222. -.1.) .ecture 2otes If the "riter3s name is state$: *1, I. Ha#er, o!otics, $8J10?1 Cecture 8otes, Iel ourne: Ionash :niversity, 2??0. If the "riter3s name is un0no"n: *2, "etlands, Conservation $cology Cecture 8otes, Iel ourne: Ionash :niversity, 2??0. -.1.+ 4ourna% 'a'ers You must include these details in your list of references in the following order. Initia%s an$ surname of the author5s67 8Tit%e of 'a'er79 Name of journal, !o%ume num:er of ;ourna%7 the num:ers of the 'ages of the 'a'er7 $ate of 'u:%ication. E*am'%e: *A, F.B. Heveridge and $.I. Biseman, M%ow easy is matching 24 line models using local searchN6 #EEE $ransactions on Pattern Anal%sis and &ac'ine #ntelligence, vol.12, pp.+DA"+@2, Fune 122@. -.1., <e:sites You must include these details in your list of references in the following order: Author 5'erson or organisation6. 5Year7 month create$ or u'$ate$6. Title of page 5if a''%ica:%e6. [ n%ine]. =ie"e$ year7 month7 $ay if no 'u:%ishing $ate gi!en. A!ai%a:%e: site/'ath/fi%e E*am'%e 1. <e:site of the Austra%ian Institute of ('ort 5a%% of the site7 not any 'articu%ar 'age6 *1, )ustralian (nstitute of 1port. &undated'. *7nline,. Kiewed 2??+ 4ecem er 21. )vaila le: http:EEwww.ais.org.au E*am'%e ). A 'articu%ar 'age on Austra%ian Institute of ('ort "e:site *2, )ustralian (nstitute of 1port. &undated'. Australian S(orts Co))ission Su((orters. *7nline,. Kiewed 2??+ 4ecem er 21. )vaila le: http:EEwww.ausport.gov.auEsponsorsEsupporters.asp E*am'%e +. <e:site artic%e "ith c%ear author: *0, 1.1. Cang. &2??+, Fune'. *e+ Cornell Stud% Suggests t'at &ental Processing is Continuous, not li,e a Co)(uter. *7nline,. )vaila le: http:EEwww.news.cornell.eduEstoriesEFune?+Enew.mind.model.ssl.html E*am'%e ,. n%ine 1oo0 Author. 5year7 month6. Title. 5e$ition6 [Ty'e of me$ium]. A!ai%a:%e: site/'ath/fi%e *+, F.Fones. &1221'. *et+or,s. &2nd ed' *7nline,. )vaila le: http:EEwww.atm.com E*am'%e -. n%ine ;ourna% 'a'ers

Author. 5year7 month 'u:%ishe$6. Tit%e of 'a'er. Name of journal. [ n%ine]. Volume (issue)7 'ages. A!ai%a:%e: site/'ath/fi%e *1, ). )nsari. &1222, 4ec.'. Cangevin modes of analysis of myoglo in. -ournal of C'e)ical P'%sics. *7nline,. 11. /01, pp 21? L 20A. )vaila le:http:EEo=ps.aip.orgE=ournalsEdocEvolG11?Eiss.html *2, F. 1. -ulda. &2???, Iar.'. The (nternet as an engine of scholarship. AC& S#2CAS Co)(uters and Societ%. *7nline,. 0. /11, pp. 1@"2@. )vaila le:http:EEdoi.acm.orgE1?.11A+E+@221@.+@2222 E*am'%e >. n%ine com'any re'ort *1?, 1. C. Talleen. &122D, )pr.'. The (ntranet )rchitecture: Ianaging information in the new paradigm. )mdahl Corp., C). *7nline,. )vaila le: http:EEwww.amdahl.comEdocEproductsE sgEintraEinfraEhtml

,. De!ising a 1i:%iogra'hy
(n $ngineering reports you a%"ays have to provide a list of references in the Beferences section. Sometimes you may also e as#ed to provide a i liography. ) :i:%iogra'hy is a list of all the sources that you have consulted while writing your report, only some of which are cited in the text, so it provides a wider list of readings than you give in your list of references. To list entries in a i liography, you use the same system as you have used for entries in your list of Beferences and you provide the same pu lishing details.

-. (am'%e %ist of References using IEEE referencing system

References *1, C. 5arner, O. Bangan, B. %all, and P. -aul#es, Concrete Structures, 1ydneyCongman, 1223. *2, 1tandards )ustralia, Australian Standards for Civil Engineering Students, HB2.2-1998 Part 2: Structural Engineering, 1ydney: 1tandards )ustralia, 1223. *0, 1tandards )ustralia, Australian Bridge 3esign Code, 1ydney: 1tandards )ustralia, 1222. *A, Hestech 1ystems Ctd. SA&-4EAP5 Case Stud%: C'arles 2ri)es Bridge. &2??+, -e ruary'. *7nline,. )vaila le: http:EEwww. estech.co.u#Echarlesgrimes.shtml *+, /. Jrundy, Bridge 3esign and Assess)ent: #ntroduction to t'e 3esign of Bridges, Cecture 8otes for C(K0222, Iel ourne: 4epartment of Civil $ngineering, Ionash :niversity, 2??A. *D, )ustroads, ural oad 3esign: 2uide to t'e 2eo)etric 3esign of ural oads, 1ydney: )ustroads, 1222. *@, 4. 1iano. &2??2, -e ruary'. Bridge 3esign in Australia. *7nline,. )vaila le: http:EECiv$ng4esign.home.net

&Q adapted from http:EEwww.eng.monash.edu.auEcurrent"studentsEdownloadEusing"ieee" system.pdf'