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411-8111-931 Wireless Service Provider Solutions

UMTS
Product Fundamentals Nortel UMTS RNC 1500 Description
411-8111-931 02.03/EN Standard April 2006

Wireless Service Provider Solutions

UMTS
Product Fundamentals Nortel UMTS RNC 1500 Description
Document number: Document issue: Document status: Product release: Date: 411-8111-931 02.03/EN Standard UMTS V5.0 April 2006

Copyright 2005-2006 Nortel Networks, All Rights Reserved Originated in France NORTEL CONFIDENTIAL The information contained in this document is the property of Nortel. Except as specifically authorized in writing by Nortel, the holder of this document shall keep the information contained herein confidential and shall protect same in whole or in part from disclosure and dissemination to third parties and use same for evaluation, operation and maintenance purposes only. The content of this document is provided for information purposes only and is subject to modification. It does not constitute any representation or warranty from Nortel as to the content or accuracy of the information contained herein, including but not limited to the suitability and performances of the product or its intended application. This is the Way. This is Nortel, Nortel, the Nortel logo, and the Globemark are trademarks of Nortel. All other trademarks are the property of their owners.

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Publication history

PUBLICATION HISTORY
SYSTEM RELEASE UMTS V5.0 April 2006
Issue 02.03/EN Standard Update for Channel Readiness

November 2005
Issue 02.02/EN Preliminary Update for Customer Readiness after internal review

October 2005
Issue 02.01/EN Draft Update for RAN V4.2

SYSTEM RELEASE UMTS V4.1 October 2005


Issue 01.05/EN Standard Update for Channel Readiness

June 2005
Issue 01.04/EN Preliminary Editorial Update.

May 2005
Issue 01.03/EN Preliminary Editorial Update

March 2005
Issue 01.02/EN Preliminary Update for OAM V4.2/RAN V4.1

February 2005
Issue 01.01/EN Draft Update for OAM V4.2/RAN V4.1 Creation

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Table of contents

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About this publication Roadmap to UTRAN Collection What is new RNC regulatory information UTRAN introduction of the UMTS V5.0 solution RNC 1500 basic characteristics RNC 1500 introduction RNC 1500 features and functionalities RNC 1500 configurations RNC 1500 architecture RNC 1500 general architecture RNC CallP architecture RNC 1500 services and features RNC 1500 main features RNC 1500 main characteristics RNC 1500 radio resource management Other RNC 1500 features RNC 1500 interfaces and protocols RNC 1500 interfaces RNC 1500 protocols RNC 1500 hardware RNC 1500 hardware presentation RNC 1500 hardware modules description Control Processor (CP3) module 16p OC-3/STM-1 module Packet Server module hardware

1 3 5 6 8 11 12 17 20 25 26 30 31 32 33 37 39 40 41 48 50 51 60 61 64 68

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Table of contents

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Fabric module LED description for Multiservice Switch 15000 module RNC 1500 cooling system description RNC 1500 power supply and alarm systems BIP assembly PIM modules MAC address module Alarm BITS module TML uses for the RNC 1500

71 75 77 84 85 88 93 96 100

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List of figures

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Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure

1 - UTRAN Roadmap 2 - UTRAN Roadmap (continued) 3 - Nortel UTRAN architecture example 4 - RNC 1500 front view with two RNC 1500 shelves in the cabinet 5 - RNC 1500 rear view with one RNC 1500 in the upper shelf 6 - Access Node front view for 120-ohm PCM E1 links 7 - Access Node front view for 75-ohm PCM E1 links 8 - RNC 1500 architecture 9 - RNC 1500 interfaces 10 - Iu CS protocol view 11 - Iu PS protocol view 12 - Iur protocol view 13 - Iub protocol view 14 - Iupc protocol view 15 - RNC 1500 components layout on the front panel 16 - RNC 1500 components layout on the rear panel 17 - RNC 1500 modules on the front panel 18 - RNC 1500 modules on the rear panel 19 - Access Node modules front view for 120-ohm PCM E1 links 20 - Access Node modules front view for 75-ohm PCM E1 links 21 - CP3 module: front view 22 - 16p OC-3/STM-1: front view 23 - 16p OC-3/STM-1 module: hardware overview with opened fiber hood 24 - Packet Server module: hardware overview 25 - RNC cabinet: lower shelf assembly components, rear view 26 - Fabric module: hardware overview 27 - Module front panel indicators 28 - Upper and lower cooling unit in an RNC 1500 with airflow direction 29 - Cooling unit: hardware overview 30 - Cooling units: front and rear views 31 - BIP: hardware overview 32 - PIM module: hardware overview 33 - PIM module: positioning and front panel view 34 - MAC address module: positioning and front panel view 35 - MAC Address module: hardware overview 36 - Alarm BITS: positioning and front panel view

3 4 9 14 15 22 23 27 41 42 43 44 45 46 52 53 54 55 58 59 62 64 65 69 72 73 75 78 80 81 86 89 91 94 95 97

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List of tables

Table Table Table Table Table

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Visual indicator description for all modules Cooling unit LED indications Component power consumption Cooling unit alarm connector BIP alarm connector

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About this publication


This publication provides a complete reference to the Radio Network Controller (RNC) 1500 used in a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). This RNC is called Nortel UMTS RNC 1500 (the abbreviation RNC 1500 is used in this publication). Applicability This publication applies to the Radio Access Network (RAN) V4.2 of the UMTS V5.0 Release. Audience This publication is for operations and maintenance personnel, and other users who want to know more about the RNC 1500. Prerequisites Readers should be familiar with the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Technical Specification release 99 (R99), the UMTS specification and UMTS Network Overview (411-8111-101). Related Documents UMTS BTS (12000, 6000 & 1000 Families) Description (411-8111-905) RNC 1500 TML Tool (411-8111-565) Multiservice Switch 7400 Hardware Description (NN10600-170) Multiservice Switch 15000, 20000 Hardware Description (NN10600-120)

How this publication is organized This publication consists of the following sets of parts: the first part provides the Road map to UTRAN documentation the second part provides the RNC regulatory information the third part gives the UTRAN introduction of the UMTS V4.1 solution the fourth part gives the RNC basic characteristics the fifth part describes the RNC architecture the sixth part describes the RNC services and features the seventh part describes the RNC interfaces and protocols the eighth part describes the RNC hardware the last part describes the Local Maintenance Terminal (TML) tool.

Regulatory information Refer to RNC regulatory information Vocabulary conventions The glossary is presented in the document: Terminology (411-8111-804).

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Roadmap to UTRAN Collection


The following diagram shows the NTPs in the UTRAN documentation suite. Figure 1 UTRAN Roadmap

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Figure 2 UTRAN Roadmap (continued)

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What is new
The following sections detail what's new in the UMTS RNC 1500 Description NTP for the UMTS V5.0 release. Features See the following sections for information about feature changes: 29899 RoHS Compliance RNC. Impacts from the European Union Environmental Directive on the Restriction of Hazardous Substances . RoHS compliant and non-compliant modules will be co-existing for some time during the transition period. 29824 Single slot MSA 32 modules. New installations of the Access Node will be done with MSA 32 SS. Access Nodes already installed will keep MSA 32 Double Slot modules when upgraded, no retrofit is needed. See section PCM Access Node cabinet. 29825 Single slot 2pOC3 STM-1 modules. New installations of the Access Node will be done with 2pOC3 STM-1 and MSA 32 single slot modules. Access Nodes already installed will keep MSA 32/STM-1 Double Slot modules when upgraded, no retrofit is needed. See section PCM Access Node cabinet. 27930 HSDPA support. A new interface to enable HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access), see section HSDPA support.

Other changes See the following sections for information about changes that are non-feature related: None

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RNC regulatory information


This section provides the items concerning the RNC regulatory information. Regulatory requirement compliance The equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy. If the equipment is not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, the equipment can cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, you are encouraged to try to correct the interference. The Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) requirements have been selected to ensure an adequate level of compatibility for apparatus at residential, commercial, and light industrial environments. However, the levels do not cover extreme cases which may occur in any location, but with a low probability of occurrence. In particular, it may not cover those cases where a potential source of interference which is producing individually repeated transient phenomena, or continuous phenomena, is permanently present, for example a radar or broadcast site in the near vicinity. In such a case it can be necessary to either limit the source of interference, or use special protection applied, to the interfered part, or both. For the integrity of the product, the antistatic wrist strap should always be used for any operation and maintenance on Nortel systems. Compliance for American countries (North and South) The Nortel UMTS RNC has not been qualified against American market requirements since the currently supported frequency bands do not correspond to the allocated UMTS spectrum. As a consequence, Nortel UMTS RNC has not been demonstrated to comply with American market requirements. Updates will be made to this section when appropriate. RNC compliance The Nortel UMTS RNC has been demonstrated to comply (either by testing or file submission) with the essential requirements of the following European directives, EMC directive (89/336/EMC) The following standard has been applied to demonstrate compliance with this European Directive, EMC: ETS 300 386 version 1.2.1 In addition, the RNC has been demonstrated to comply with the following standard, Safety: EN 60950, Edition 3, 2000 Other compliances In addition to the aforementioned compliances, and as a voluntary demonstration of compliance, the Nortel UMTS RNC and UMTS BTS comply (as appropriate) with the essential requirements of CTR12/CTR13 on E1 PCM lines. These standards cover essential requirements for the physical and electrical characteristics of the terminal equipment interface for unstructured leased lines (U2048S) and structured leased lines (D2048S). Conformance with these requirement does not guarantee end-to-end inter-operability. Compliances for other regions/countries

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For countries outside Europe and the Americas, the requirements of European countries usually apply. It is not possible to list all the applicable approvals or compliances as they will be dependent on the markets and products considered. Please contact your local Nortel representative for more information. Operational conditions The aforementioned standards compliance of the products are based on the following operating conditions (called normal operation): Doors will be closed and (or) covers will be in place. External cables will be of the same type as specified by Nortel. No modification of any mechanical or electrical characteristics of the product will be made.

Any change or modification made to the product without written approval from Nortel releases Nortel from subsequent responsibility regarding the standards compliance. Cable specifications The compliance to the aforementioned standards has been verified using cables as specified by Nortel. The continuing compliance of the product relies upon use of the correct cabling scheme as well as use of identical type cables as specified by Nortel. Refer to the installation guides for details on cable specifications. Product labeling The label can be located inside or outside the product, provided that the operation and (or) maintenance personnel have the information when working on the product. American countries (North and South). Not applicable European Union countries. This module gives the regulatory information specific to the European Union countries for the RNC and the BTS.

RNC labelling To indicate compliance with the European directives (EMC and Low voltage), Nortel UMTS RNC bears the following information in a conspicuous location:

Manufacturers name Equipment designation Nominal voltage operating range and maximum rated current

Labelling for other regions/countries Labeling for other regions and countries is performed as appropriate and required by the local regulatory framework.

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UTRAN introduction of the UMTS V5.0 solution


The UTRAN is composed of several Radio Network Subsystems (RNS). An RNS covers a certain geographical area. It is equivalent to the GSM BSS. Each RNS is consists of one Radio Network Controller (RNC) and several Node Bs. The different RNSs are interconnected through the Iur interface of each RNC to form a network. Nortel UTRAN The Nortel UTRAN of the UMTS V5.0 comprises the following components: the Nortel UMTS RNC the Nortel UMTS BTS the W-NMS for the OAM part

The UTRAN release of the UMTS V5.0 solution is RAN V4.2. Nortel UMTS RNC The Nortel UMTS RNC is either the UMTS RNC 1000 or the UMTS RNC 1500. They are the 3GPP-compliant UMTS RNCs developed by Nortel. The UMTS RNC 1000 is based on the Multiservice Switch and C-Node platforms. The UMTS RNC 1500 is based on the Multiservice Switch platform. The RNC allows mobility between UMTS and GSM networks. RNC main functions The main functions of the RNC are to control and manage: the Radio Access Network (RAN) the signaling between the different Core Network (CN) components and the Radio Network System (RNS) the Node Bs and their corresponding radio resources

RNC interfaces The RNC provides the following interfaces: Iub interface towards a Node B Iu interface towards the Core Network Iur interface towards another RNC Iupc interface towards a SAS (Standalone A-GPS SMLC)

Nortel UMTS BTS The Nortel UMTS BTS is the 3GPP-compliant UMTS Node B developed by Nortel. The generic term BTS designates the Nortel UMTS Internet Base Transceiver Station (Nortel UMTS BTS). BTS main functions The BTS supports the following main functions: network interface management

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radio access call processing configuration and supervision synchronization performance monitoring

BTS interfaces The BTS provides the following interfaces: Iub interface towards a RNC Uu interface towards a UE

Figure 3 Nortel UTRAN architecture example

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W-NMS The Nortel Wireless Network Management System (W-NMS) delivers an integrated UMTS management platform through which all Network Elements (NEs) are monitored and controlled. It provides the complete end-to-end management solution for UMTS networks. The W-NMS manages the entire UMTS network which is split into the UTRAN and core (circuit and packet) areas. The Access Network OAM manages the UTRAN part of the network. Main Access Network OAM functions The main functions of Access Network OAM are the following: fault management configuration management performance management

NSP The Network Services Platform (NSP) is a graphical user interface to the Access Network, providing a common platform for navigation and control. The NSP interfaces with the NEs through a Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA). This is a vendor independent architecture used to join computer applications together over networks.

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RNC 1500 basic characteristics


This part describes the basic characteristics of the RNC. It is split into the following sections: RNC 1500 introduction RNC 1500 features and functionalities RNC 1500 configurations

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RNC 1500 introduction


The 3GPP-compliant UMTS RNC developed by Nortel is named Nortel UMTS RNC 1500. The RNC 1500 is based on a single shelf and single platform based product, occupying the lower part of the cabinet : Nortel multi-service data platform called Multiservice Switch 15000. The RNC 1500 houses four connectivity options: for North America regions: DS3 OC-3 For all regions except North America: E1 STM-1 The E1 option requires the use of the Access Node (see below RNC 1500 configurations), which is based on the Nortel Multiservice Switch 7480 Multiservice Switch. Most of the RNC interfaces provide the ability to build multi-vendor solutions. The main part of the RNC is built upon the Nortel Multiservice Switch 15000 technology. The main functions of the RNC are to control and manage: the RAN (Radio Access Network) the signaling between the different CN (Core Network) components and the RNS (Radio Network System) the Node Bs and their corresponding radio resources

Main part of the RNC 1500 description The main part of the RNC 1500 is the Multiservice Switch 15000. Multiservice Switch 15000 general description The RNC 1500 Interface Node is built upon the Nortel Multiservice Switch 15000 equipment, based on the Nortel Multiservice Switch Carrier Release (PCR) 6.1. This provides the connectivity of the user plane with a large array of possible interfaces. For example: connection of the RNC to the WG (Wireless Gateway) through STM-1 optical fibers. connection of the RNC to A-Node/IMA Terminating Equipment through STM-1/OC-3 optical fibers. IP/ATM protocols voice services

It is used to support :

The RNC 1500 is designed for indoor deployment. It is EMC-compliant (no rack enclosure is necessary). EMC compliance is performed on each shelf assembly. Product evolution from RNC 1000

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The RNC 1500 is an evolution from the RNC 1000, 50% smaller, simpler to operate, while still maintaining all functionality, capacity, performance and reliability of the RNC 1000 version. The RNC 1500 is based on the same hardware platform as the RNC 1000 Interface Node. The RNC 1500 program involves the removal of the Control Node and associated modules, as well as the porting of Control Node S/W, mainly to the Packet Server FPs. As a consequence, all RNC 1000 will have the ability to evolve easily towards the RNC 1500, thanks to a seamless migration procedure from RNC 1000 to RNC 1500. RNC 1500 external interfaces The RNC 1500 houses the following external interfaces: Iu interface: towards the Core Network Iub interface: towards the Node B Iur interface: towards another RNC Iupc interface: towards the SAS OAM interface: towards the network management platform (W-NMS) or the TML

Functions of the RNC 1500: The different functions of the RNC 1500 can be qualified with the names : Serving RNC, Drift RNC, Controlling RNC. Serving RNC (SRNC) refers to one specific mobile. It is the RNC handling the Iu interface for this particular mobile in the case the Iur interface is used. Drift RNC (DRNC) refers to one specific mobile. It is the RNC controlling the NodeB used by this mobile in case the Iur interface is used. Controlling RNC refers to the NodeBs. The RNC is the 'Controlling RNC' of all the base station parented to this RNC.

RNC 1500 general view The following figures give respectively: the RNC 1500 front view with two RNC 1500 shelves in the cabinet the RNC 1500 rear view with one RNC 1500 in the upper shelf

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Figure 4 RNC 1500 front view with two RNC 1500 shelves in the cabinet

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Figure 5 RNC 1500 rear view with one RNC 1500 in the upper shelf

RNC 1500 : general and physical sizes Characteristics WxDxH Without cosmetic panels WxDxH With cosmetic panels Maximum weight Voltage Maximum power for maximal con(mm) (inches) (mm) (inches) (kg/lb) (V) (W) Nortel RNC 1500 600 x 600 x 2125 23.6 x 23.6 x 83.7 660 x 600 x 2125 25.7 x 23.6 x 83.7 436 / 959 -48(DC) (-57 DC to -43 DC) 1939

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figuration, consumption depends on the configuration Maximum heat dissipation Normal heat dissipation Normal operating temperature Short term operating temperature Temperature variation Normal relative operating humidity (non-condensing) (W) (W) (C) , (F) (C) , (F) (C/h) , (F/h) (%) 2580W/m Not available 5 to 40 , 41 to 104 -5 to 50 , 23 to 122 30 , 86 10 to 90 5 to 90 less than 60 Up to zone 4

Short term relative operating humid- (%) ity (non-condensing) Maximum level of noise Earthquake RNC 1500 : Office layout and footprint The layout of the RNC 1500 requires: a minimum ceiling clearance of 2.4m dBA

a minimum safety distance for front and rear maintenance activities of 0.9m

When two RNC are placed side by side, the cosmetic panels between these two frames are not installed, except for the first and the last frame of the lineup. A junction with the cabinet secure two adjacent frames together. The footprint of the RNC 1500 requires : 600mm W x 600mm D = 0.360 m without cosmetic panels 660mm W x 600mm D = 0.396m with cosmetic panels

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RNC 1500 features and functionalities


The RNC 1500 supports all the interfaces defined by the 3GPP for UMTS and provides an industry-leading capacity and performance for operators. The RNC 1500 is located on a platform that is deployed globally across wireless and high-speed packet networks. It provides the following main features: HSDPA support high capacity distributed architecture a large variety of transmission interfaces differentiated services proven carrier grade scalability simple but powerful OAM

HSDPA support Nortel UMTS RNCs are HSDPA ready. HSDPA is a new UMTS packet air interface to enable high speed downlink packet access. There is no need for new boards. A software upgrade may be required. High capacity The RNC 1500 supports a high capacity per shelf solution. It is based on off-the-shelf processing technology. This enables the operator to upgrade the RNC by just upgrading boards as opposed to a fork-lift solution. This provides investment protection for the operator. Large variety of transmission interfaces A variety of transmission interfaces and traffic grooming functions have been integrated for ingress into the RNC 1500 from the Node B. This provides a flexibility of the transmission architectures that the operator wants to implement. This has been done in the RNC 1500 architecture by decoupling the radio functions from the transmission functions. The radio functions are further decoupled in the control plane and the user plane. This architecture ensures that the transmission does not limit the radio functions. Differentiated services The RNC 1500 is powered with enhanced Radio Resource Management algorithms built on Nortel CDMA and data experience. This enables the telecommunication carriers to differentiate customers such as gold, silver, and bronze, and to differentiate services. The telecommunication carriers have the ability to optimize the spectrum to match their respective market demographics in order to meet/exceed their respective business objectives. Proven carrier grade The use of the Multiservice Switch 15000 guarantees that the RNC 1500 offers high availability based on RQMS specification. Nortel RNC 1500 supports the following features: 1+1 hot sparing of critical elements

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hot insertion of additional processing boards load balancing between processing resources N+P load sharing of traffic processors high component MTBF

Scalability The RNC allows scalable growth from a minimum configuration at network launch to full capacity configuration through software upgrades and interface board additions. The telecommunication carriers can then optimize investment by making capacity upgrades only when customer demand requires it. Simple but powerful OAM The Nortel solution is based on providing a simple and intuitive OAM W-NMS that is powerful in doing cross-checks to ensure that proper provisioning is done. The interface between RNC and W-NMS is Ethernet TCP/IP in case of Out of band OAM. The Out of band OAM consists in using a separate network for OAM and traffic. For more information about the OAM W-NMS see: OAM Engineering Guide(450-3101-638)

RNC 1500 functions The RNC 1500 functions are divided in two parts: Control plane User plane

Control plane The C-Plane includes all of the functions required to set up, take down, and manage connections between the User Equipment (UE) and the Core Network. Typically, Control Plane functions involve signalling channels and consume RNC resources as a result of external events, such as call origination or handoff between the Node Bs. The C-Plane handles: protocol termination for RANAP, RNSAP, NBAP, and ALCAP radio resource management for RRC terminations, RRM strategy, and QoS management logical management of the Node Bs connected to the RNC admission control, communication, maintenance, and release for each user setup, maintenance, and release of transport network resources optimization of the radio spectrum and terrestrial transport network resources to provide a maximum number of simultaneous users according to their service requirements within the UTRAN RNC operations, administration, maintenance, and provisioning (OAM&P) Node B logical OAM&P mobility management

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User Plane The U-Plane is responsible for maintaining the data flow of traffic over three interfaces: It provides the data interface to the U-Plane of the Iu link to the Core Network. It provides the data interface to the Iub links to the Node B and the Iur links to other RNCs it terminates the MAC and RLC radio protocols for the data links between the RNC and UEs.

The U-Plane processing is responsible for providing radio protocol stacks for radio bearers and associated transport channels and maintaining User Plane logical contexts for individual cell contexts and UE calls. The User Plane handles: physical connectivity with the other UMTS nodes based on ATM over PCM trunks or higher speed interfaces (OC-3 or STM-1) User Plane radio protocol termination UTRAN packet switching between the Core Network and the user's terminal

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RNC 1500 configurations


This section presents the different configurations of the RNC 1500. RNC 1500 configuration The RNC cabinet can be connected to the UTRAN according to the following configuration types: RNC-SDH/SONET: used respectively in UMTS 2100 and UMTS 1900, with the RNC SDH-x and RNC SONET configurations. RNC-PCM: used in the UMTS 2100 with the PCM-x configuration RNC 1500 model names

RNC-SDH/SONET The RNC-SDH/SONET is housed in one cabinet which contains the Multiservice Switch 15000 in the lower shelf. In this case an optical STM1 connectivity is provided on Iub, Iur, and Iu. For more information about the RNC-SDH/SONET refer to RNC hardware presentation In this case of configuration, it is possible to put a second RNC 1500 in the free upper shelf. RNC-PCM The RNC-PCM is housed in two cabinets: the first cabinet contains the Multiservice Switch 15000 in the lower shelf or two Multiservice Switch 15000 in the two shelves. a separate shelf contains the Access Node to place the termination panels in the upper part and the modules in the lower part.

Access Node The RNC PCM Access Node is usually built upon the MSS7K technology, based on the PCR 6.1 release. The PCM Access Node enables connection on the Iub interface of the: RNC Node B in the upper part of the cabinet: the termination panels which are used to connect the 120-ohm E1 PCM links or the 75-ohm E1 PCM links (to/from the Node Bs) in the lower part of the cabinet: an STM-1/PCM converter shelf which houses mainly the MSA32/STM-1 modules to convert the STM-1 optical fibers (to/from the RNC) into the electrical 120-ohm E1 PCM links or the 75-ohm E1 PCM links and vice versa

The basic mechanical elements of an Access Node cabinet are:

The MSA32 module has the 32 E1 ports and two optional STM-1. The number of E1 are used as follows: Up to 30 E1 can be used for ATM purpose Up to 30 E1 can be used for ATM if IMA is not used

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Up to 32 E1 for AAL1 CES Up to 22 E1 with IMA

The Iub interface of a PCM RNC is connected to an electrical STM-1 link. This uses the two port channelized STM-1 module (2pSTM-1eCh) in the Access Node. The Access Node cabinet is designed for indoor applications and is EMC compliant (No rack enclosure is necessary). EMC compliance is performed on each shelf assembly. The following figures give respectively: the Access Node front view for 120-ohm PCM E1 links the Access Node front view for 75-ohm PCM E1 links

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Figure 6 Access Node front view for 120-ohm PCM E1 links

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Figure 7 Access Node front view for 75-ohm PCM E1 links

RNC 1500 model names The model naming will refer to the number of PS1s and the two families (SDH or PCM). The following table shows the different configurations.

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Market Models

1504

1506 6 PS1 P6-6-5 N.A. 120 600

1507 7 PS1 P9-7-5 S7-7-0 140 720

1510 10 PS1 P12-10-7 S11-10-0 200 1200

1512 12 PS1 P14-12-10 S14-12-0 200 1200

RNC 1500 Number 4 PS1 of PS1s RNC 1000 PCM RNC 1000 SDH Node B Cells P4-4-3 S4-4-0 80 360

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RNC 1500 architecture


This section presents the RNC 1500 architecture. It is split into: RNC 1500 general architecture RNC 1500 CallP architecture

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RNC 1500 general architecture


The RNC 1500 cabinet contains in the lower shelf, the Multiservice Switch 15000. The following figure shows the RNC 1500 architecture.

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Figure 8 RNC 1500 architecture

Multiservice Switch 15000 architecture

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The Multiservice Switch 15000 houses the main types of processing unit in the following modules: 16p OC-3/STM-1 CP3 Fabric Packet Server

In the full RNC 1500 configuration, 12 PSs can be hosted. The Packet Server board contains 6 PMCs (PCI Mezzanine Cards). The PSs work with load sharing redundancy; some PS load is reserved in each PS to take over the processing capacity when there is a failure in one of the PS. Roles of the PMC This section describes the roles of the PMC. Master (PMC-M) 2 per RNC used for the management of all the others PMCs. it contains the Resource and Transport Manager. PMC-Ms are 1+1 spared : 1 active and 1 standby per RNC and must be on separate PSs.

Protocol Converter (PMC-PC) 1 per PS, maximum 12 per RNC Segmentation and Reassembly (SAR) functions to do IP/AAL2 to IP/AAL5 conversion and vice versa. Load sharing redundancy.

Radio Access Bearers (PMC-RAB) Up to 40 per RNC High touch bearer processing. Radio Protocol Handling (MAC, RLC), Interface bearer, Macro Diversity Handover. Load sharing redundancy.

Network Interface (PMC-NI) 2 per RNC hosts the functionality of the MTP3b and SCCP layers of the SS7 stack. PMC-NIs are 1+1 spared : 1 active and 1 standby per RNC and must be on separate PSs.

Traffic Management units (PMC-TMU) Up to 14 per RNC TMU-R FP software is ported to this PMC. Terminates Radio Network interface protocols : RANAP, RNSAP, NBAP. Support RRM, Always-on, QoS Management, Call Admission, iRM scheduling.

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PMC-TMUs are shared N+P.

OAM Management units (PMC-OMU) 2 per RNC Equivalent to OMU function on RNC 1000. Manages Control Plane functions on RNC 1500 (equivalent to PMC-M of User Plane for the performing centralized maintenance functions): Performance, Configuration and Fault Management. Call Trace Management. Overload control and load balancing of Plane resources. Radio Network Subsystem OAM&P. PMC-OMUs support 1+1 Hot Redundancy.

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RNC CallP architecture


This section presents the RNC 1500 CallP architecture. For more information refer to Nortel UMTS RNC 1000 Description (411-8111-906)

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RNC 1500 services and features


The RNC 1500 services and features are split into: RNC 1500 main features RNC 1500 main characteristics RNC 1500 radio resource management other RNC 1500 features

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RNC 1500 main features


The RNC 1500 main features are: ability to handle varying traffic loads adaptability to different equipment structures easy operation: all modules have the same visual indicators. network connections are concentrated in a unique and easy access cable transition unit. path finding is used to illuminate a fault module a robust and scalable platform: star architecture It provides accurate and immediate fault detection. fault tolerance scheme It provides fast fault recovery by reconfiguring software activity on the active modules. the traffic model independent of the RNC N+P redundancy (the nominal capacity is preserved with P failures) load balancing The load balancing provides the distribution of processing over the modules for an optimal usage of the resources. scalability Possibility to plug a new processing module to increase the capacity of the RNC cabinet. plug and play: easy hardware maintenance or extension by extracting or inserting the modules hot module insertion or extraction without service interruption

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RNC 1500 main characteristics


The purpose of this part is to give a high level presentation of the RNC 1500 main characteristics: RNC 1500 main roles RNC 1500 processing units RNC 1500 capacity and dimensioning RNC 1500 hardware sparing

RNC 1500 main roles The RNC 1500 is fully redundant. It provides the following main functions: RRM (Radio Resource Management): to process radio accesses to process measurements from the UEs and Node Bs to allocate radio channels (for traffic and signaling) to monitor radio channel operating states to launch the power control procedures to launch the handover procedures Call processing: to set up and release terrestrial and radio links (for traffic and signaling) to set up the radio bearer to transfer the signaling messages between the UEs and the CNs to transfer the speech data channels between the UEs and the CNs Node B management: to set physical channels to set the transport channels to provide Node B reconfiguration, if needed to update system parameters RNC 1500 defense: to detect and correct failures and operating anomalies to provide robustness by isolating faulty units, to avoid problem spreading to provide equipment unit reconfiguration using redundant units. These functions include for the RNC 1500 the module switching and restart mechanisms. RNC 1500 processing units The RNC 1500 software architecture is based on a set of processors called a "core system", which can be tailored to fit into different hardware structures. The core system is divided into logical processing units. A set of modules which house boards and processors provides each logical unit with the processing power it needs.

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Multiservice Switch 15000 processing units The main types of processing unit are split up for the Multiservice Switch 15000: CP3 modules to manage: the Preside Wireless Platform access (MDM) and the related function each process in the Multiservice Switch 15000 Packet Server modules to provide: UMTS user plane services: service communication, AAL2 switching, cells radio bearer processing and UEs radio bearer processing the communication services to the other RNC 1500 interfaces, cell and UE radio bearer allocator and transport bearer allocator RMAN: Resource MANager) Traffic management (TM) Policing Service interworking ILS, PVC, SVC services Operation and maintenance Performance management Billing/accounting Provisioning Scalability Virtual Path Terminology (VPT) Fault/traffic management Sparing 1+1 and N+1 for the PMCs 16p OC-3/STM-1 modules: to provide 16 single mode ports that support either UNI (User-Network Interface) or ATM Multiservice Switch-Multiservice Switch interface for each OC-3/STM-1 port The Fabric modules: to provide the centralized resources required to support the Multiservice Switch 15000 applications RNC 1500 capacity and dimensioning The RNC 1500 has been designed to increase operators revenue and decrease its costs: the performances of the product is a key area to reach this objectives, through the following: High Capacity platform, providing reduced footprint and reduced price per Mbit/s Scalable product, enabling a 'Pay as you grow' approach Flexible solution, addressing deported and centralized deployments

The main dimensioning factors of the RNC 1500 are:

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Coverage: number of NodeB & Cells supported by the RNC Connectivity: E1 & STM1 Capacity: real time capacity is a function of call model and is expressed in term of users and/or throughput. 200 Node Bs per serving RNC 1200 cells per serving RNC All voice: Service = Speech Bearer = CS 12.2 AMR Simultaneous TRB subscribers (Erlang) = 3900 Referenced subscribers = 220,000

For the RNC 1500, with the maximum configuration (1 shelf with 12PSs) :

All data: Service = Mobile Office Internet Bearer = PS 64/128 Referenced subscribers = 400,000 Iu Mbps/s application layer = 140

RNC 1500 hardware sparing Power is 1+1 Fans have a backup capacity in case of failure CP3 is 1+1 hot redundancy PMC-M is 1+1 hot redundancy in the case of a PMC-M active failure, the PMC-M standby becomes active no impact on established cell and UE calls, but no news calls for 2 seconds ( OMU must recognize the PMC SWACT and update the links) PMC-NI is 1+1 hot redundancy if the PMC-NI active fails, the PMC-NI standby becomes active. no impact to service PMC-OMU is 1+1 hot redundancy : one active and one standby. In case of CP switchover an PMC-OMU SWACT is forced. PMC-TMU is N+P redundancy cells are recreated on the spare PMC-TMU there is no service interruption to cells UE calls are lost PMC-RAB

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load is shared with remaining PMC-RABs after failure UE calls on faulty PMC-RAB lost, whereas cells maintained due to sparing PMC-PC load is shared with remaining PMC-PCs after failure paths on faulty PMC-PC are maintained due to sparing 16pOC-3/STM-1 has 1+1 LAPS switch over to standby 16pOC-3/STM-1 module or port no impact to service, cell or UE calls may lose packets but not dropped upgrade with 1 minute predicted HSM outage while all paths are re-boud Switch fabric has 1+1 load shared both fabrics are working simultaneously no outage in the case where one fabric fails

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RNC 1500 radio resource management


This section describes the RNC 1500 radio resource management functions. Nortel Radio Resource Management (RRM) is an essential piece of the RNC 1500 software that controls the allocation and maintenance of the radio resources during a communication. Efficient radio resource allocation and management guarantees QoS and offers high capacity. The main functions related to Nortel's RRM solution are: Admission control Congestion control Power control Radio measurements

Admission control The purpose of the admission control is to admit or deny new users Nortel's admission control mechanism is basically made of two steps: RAB Matching :It performs the mapping of the requested RAB onto one of the supported Radio Bearer (RB) configurations. This step includes a RAB to RB mapping table which provides mean to admit a RAB at a rate lower than the requested Maximum Bit Rate (MBR) according to the cell load. This function, which is called intelligent RAB Mapping (iRM), only applies to RAB with an Interactive or Background Traffic Class (TC). Call Admission Control (CAC): it is the function located in the CRNC responsible for deciding whether a request to establish a Radio Access Bearer (RAB) can be admitted in the UTRAN or not based on the available resources. Radio CAC is based on power and OVSF codes in the downlink and on interference in the UL (note that other CAC are performed at transport level and node, i.e. NodeB and RNC, level). CAC is applied: At initial admission On RB reconfiguration: RB bit rate downgrading/upgrading, CELL_FACH to CELL_DCH transition, etc On mobility: SHO, Inter-frequency HHO & 2G to 3G HHO The Univity RNC component of QoS negotiation includes a RAB matching function that allows the Univity RNC to map the RAB requested by the Core Network, to an appropriate provisioned RB. This function ensures proper inter-operability on the Iu interface for all requested data rate and maximizes the success rate of the RAB Assignment procedure. Thanks to the intelligent RAB Mapping (iRM) function, the selected RB may then be replaced by a downsized RB, depending on the cell loading and the subscriber priority (OLS). Nortel iRM allows maximizing the number of subscribers and multimedia services within the available frequency spectrum and minimizing the blocking for subscribers at the busy hour. The operator is stimulating the traffic, so increases revenues and the satisfaction of the subscriber, out of the busy hour. Congestion control The task of congestion control is to monitor, detect and handle situations when the system is reaching an overload situation with the already connected users.

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Nortel's congestion control provides two ways to fight against overload: Preventive actions to avoid overload, this is achieved thanks to iRM If overload happens, congestion handling mechanisms bring the system back to normal load, this is achieved thanks to the iRM pre-emption feature

Power control This group of functions control the level of the transmitted power in order to minimize interference and keep the quality of the connections. Nortel supports: DL and UL Outer Loop Power Control DL and UL Inner Loop Power Control and DL power balancing UL Open Loop Power Control

Radio measurements This function performs measurements on radio channels (located in UE and UTRAN). The UTRAN processes these measurements and make use of them for RRM. Other functions In addition to that, Nortel's RRM solution also provides a set of sophisticated features allowing an operator to make the best usage of its radio resources such as: Switch from CELL_DCH to CELL_FACH (and vice versa) based on user activity (Always-On feature) RB bit rate downgrading and upgrading based on radio conditions (iRM Scheduling feature)

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Other RNC 1500 features


IMA IMA is used to transport an ATM cell stream over several physical links and preserve sequencing and integrity. ICP cells are introduced every 128 cells to frame the payload over the different links. In the NodeBs the ATM switching matrix generates a cell stream that will be framed with ICP cells, rate adapted with filler cell before being mapped in a round robin fashion over the E1/T1 span. The original stream is then restituted at the RNC 1500 or other IMA terminating equipment. The IMA provides for constant physical monitoring including CRC-10 and CDV. When a link does not meet the quality criteria, it goes out of service and falls into a fast, medium, or slow recovery mode all managed by the IMA state machine. To compensate for delays stuffing events are introduced in the cell stream. Security features The security is a major concern for all parties involved in the telecommunication: from subscriber to the service provider, including the wireless access network operator. As far as security of the radio access link is concerned, the RNC 1500 provides two essential mechanisms (Integrity protection and ciphering of radio interface messages), ensuring both: the integrity of the messages exchange between the UE and the network the confidentiality of the messages exchange between the UE and the network

Integrity protection The integrity protection of the radio interface is a new and mandatory requirement for the UMTS. The integrity protection applies to signaling messages but not to user traffic data. The integrity protection mechanism ensures that the messages received by one party of the dialogue come from the expected remote party and prevents from the use of a false BTS. The integrity protection is supported by the Nortel RNC 1500. Ciphering The Ciphering mechanism ensures confidentiality of signaling message and of user traffic data. It makes the content of the messages exchanged not readable, not understandable by external parties other than the two ends of the dialogue. The ciphering is performed in the RNC 1500 for the CS domain and for the PS domain.

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RNC 1500 interfaces and protocols


This section presents the RNC 1500 interfaces and protocols. The RNC 1500 interfaces and protocols are split into the following: RNC 1500 interfaces RNC 1500 protocols

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RNC 1500 interfaces


The external interfaces of the RNC 1500 are the following: Iu interface towards the Core Network Iur interface towards another RNC Iub interface towards the iBTS Iupc interface towards the SAS OAM interface towards the network management platform (W-NMS) or the TML

The UTRAN interfaces (Iu, Iub, Iur) are provided by the Interface Node. Iu, Iub, and Iur are all open, multi-vendor, standard interfaces based on ATM layer 2 protocols for UMTS release 99. The following figure describes these interfaces. Figure 9 RNC 1500 interfaces

The SS7 stack on the RNC is currently used on both Iu link between the Core Network and the RNC, and on the Iur link between neighboring RNC nodes. Iu interface The Iu interface is an open interface between the Access Network and the Core Network. In Nortel's solution this is the interface between RNC and either SGSN (for the packet domain) or MSC (for the circuit domain).

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On this interface, the SCCP supports transport of RANAP messages used by the Control Plane. The signalling bearers in the Radio Network Control Plane for Iu-CS are MTP3b/SSCF-NNI/SSCOP/ALL5 over ATM. Figure 10 Iu CS protocol view

The signalling bearers in the Radio Network Control Plane for Iu-PS are MTP3b/SSCF-NNI/SSCOP/ALL5 over ATM.

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Figure 11 Iu PS protocol view

Iur interface The Iur interface supports traffic exchange between RNCs inside the UMTS network. Iur Interface between the neighboring RNCs is a feature required by the 3GPP standards. The Iur interface is open and facilitates the inter-connection of RNCs supplied by different manufacturers. The Iur interface has the following functions: Transport Network Management Traffic management of Transport Channels

On this interface, SCCP supports transport of RNSAP messages used by the Control Plane. The signalling bearers in the Radio Network Control Plane for Iur are

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MTP3b/SSCF-NNI/SSCOP/ALL5 over ATM. Figure 12 Iur protocol view

Iub interface The Iub interface is between RNCs and Node B. This interface is an equivalent to the GSM Abis O&M and RSL. As opposed to the GSM case, this interface is partially compliant with the 3GGP standard. The main difference with Iub interface in the 3GGP standard is the use a proprietary extensions over NBAP for the management of the AAL2 connections instead of the use of ALCAP. The NBAP is the control protocol used between Node B and RNC. ALCAP is not supported on the Iub Interface. The signalling bearers in the Radio Network Control Plane for Iub are SSCF-UNI/SSCOP/ALL5 over ATM.

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Figure 13 Iub protocol view

Iupc interface Iupc is the interface for Assisted Global Positioning System (A-GPS) location services. The Network A-GPS introduced in UMTS04, consists of locating the geographical position of a mobile with A-GPS positioning technology. To support this technology, the UE is equipped with a GPS receiver and the RNC is connected to a standalone A-GPS Serving Mobile Location Center (SMLC) (SAS). For more information about the A-GPS see UMTS Network Overview (411-8111-101).

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Figure 14 Iupc protocol view

OAM interface The OAM interface connects the RNC to the OAM access or W-NMS The OAM interface is also used to connect the TML. This interface uses an Ethernet link. The OAM access or the TML can be connected to the following module: CP3 module OC-3/STM-1 The OC-3/STM-1 optical fibers support the Iu, Iur, and Iub interfaces. They consist of two physical SONET/SDH interfaces configured as OC-3/STM-1. Its main function is to perform all physical layer functions necessary in the RNC. This include SONET/SDH overhead processing and transmission convergence. IuPC interface The IuPC interface is the logical interface for the interconnection of the SAS and RNC.

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The IuPC interface according to 3GPP standard, enables SRNC and SAS to exchange information related to the positioning data. The IuPC interface carries the Positioning Calculation Application Part (PCAP) information between the SAS which provides information and processing for assisted position calculation, and the RNC, which communicates between the UE and the Core Network.

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RNC 1500 protocols


This section gives an high level presentation of the two RNC 1500 protocols : User Plane (U-Plane) protocols Control Plane (C-Plane) protocols

User Plane (U-Plane) protocols The following figures show briefly the main protocols used for communication on the user plane respectively: Circuit Switched (CS) domain Packet Switched (PS) domain user data information user control information

The user plane is used to carry any type of user information, such as:

In order to carry information on the Iu (Iu-CS and Iu-PS), Iub, and Iur interfaces, specific frames are built. These frames are carried in AAL2 frames except for the Iu PS interface where the GTP/UDP/IP/AAL5 protocol is used as transport layer. They are called FP (Frame Protocol). They consist of a header, and a payload. The header contains the following information: a checksum the frame type field information related to the frame type

The payload contains either control or data information. The Iub uses Frame Protocol (FP) to carry: dedicated information common information

When dedicated user data information is carried, at the same time a "Quality Estimate" parameter is sent, in order to indicate if the payload is good (or bad) from a radio point of view. Dedicated user control information can be used to transport "outer loop power control" parameters. For example: For more information about the User Plane Protocol stack see UMTS Network Overview (411-8111-101). Control Plane (C-Plane) protocols The main protocols used by the Control plane are as follows: RANAP (Radio Access Network Application Protocol) NBAP (Node B Application Protocol) RNSAP (Radio Network Subsystem Application Protocol)

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RANAP (Radio Access Network Application Protocol) The RANAP is used on Iu, between the RNC and Core Network for the CS domain or the PS domain. It is an evolved GSM BSSMAP protocol. It performs the following main functions: RAB management relocation of an S-RNC transport of NAS signaling messages paging controlling the security mode location reporting

NBAP (Node B Application Protocol) The NBAP is used on Iub, between the RNC and the Node B. It performs the following main functions: cell configuration management radio link management and supervision measurements on common and dedicated resources system information management

RNSAP (Radio Network Subsystem Application Protocol) The RNSAP is used on Iur, between the two closest RNCs. One is used as the Server RNC (S-RNC) and the other as Drift RNC (D-RNC). It performs the following main functions: radio link management physical channel reconfiguration relocation execution measurement on dedicated resources paging

For more information about theUTRAN C-Plane protocols see UMTS Network Overview (411-8111-101).

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RNC 1500 hardware


The purpose of this part is to describe the RNC 1500 hardware. It contains the following sections: RNC 1500 hardware presentation RNC 1500 hardware modules description RNC 1500 cooling system description RNC 1500 power supply and alarm system

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RNC 1500 hardware presentation


This section presents the main RNC 1500 hardware configurations. The RNC 1500 configurations of the following types of the RNC 1500 exist: RNC-PCM is used in the UMTS 2100 with the PCM-x configuration RNC-SDH/SONET is used respectively in UMTS 2100 and UMTS 1900, with the RNC SDH-x and RNC X SONET configurations.

RNC-PCM The RNC-PCM, used for a PCM-x configuration, is housed in two cabinets which are: an RNC cabinet an Access Node cabinet

RNC 1500 cabinet The RNC 1500 cabinet contains the following items: a Multiservice Switch 15000. a cooling system. a power-alarm system. RNC 1500 components layout on the front panel RNC 1500 components layout on the rear panel RNC 1500 modules on the front panel RNC 1500 modules on the rear panel

The following figures provide the following views respectively:

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Figure 15 RNC 1500 components layout on the front panel

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Figure 16 RNC 1500 components layout on the rear panel

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Figure 17 RNC 1500 modules on the front panel

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Figure 18 RNC 1500 modules on the rear panel

Multiservice Switch 15000 The Multiservice Switch 15000 houses the following modules on the front panel: CP3 module

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16p OC-3/STM-1 (16-port OC-3/STM-1) 6mPktServ FP (or PS FP) (Packet Server Frame Processor ) FILLER modules (dedicated to the Multiservice Switch 15000) MAC address Alarm BITS PIM (Power Interface Module) Fabric module

The Multiservice Switch 15000 houses the following modules on the rear panel:

Cooling system The cooling system is mounted in the center of the frame. For the Multiservice Switch 15000, the cooling system is arranged in a push-pull configuration: cool air is pulled through the bottom shelf and ejected out of the back of the frame (the cooling unit acts as a baffle to deflect air horizontally out the back of the frame). The lower cooling unit fans push out air while upper cooling fans pull in air. The cooling unit of the Multiservice Switch 15000 is made up of three field replaceable fans with controller. If one of the fans fails, an alarm is generated. If the temperature reaches an unacceptable level, the fan speed increases. Power supply and alarm systems Redundant -48 V dc feeds with independent ground return terminate on the BIP (Breaker Interface Panel). The BIP provides low pass filtering reducing conducted emission on the battery feeds and distributes the main battery feeds across five BIMs (Breaker Interface Module). The two BIMs, including four breakers each, powers the Multiservice Switch 15000 and the corresponding cooling unit. For each node, one BIM is operational and the second one provides redundancy in the case of a breaker failure. PCM Access Node cabinet The Access Node cabinet is a one-frame equipment which is split up into two parts (upper and lower parts). It is built upon the Nortel Multiservice Switch 7480 technology. The upper part houses the following equipments: for the 120-ohm or 75-ohm E1 PCM links, 154 E1s are supported with IMA (Inverse multiplexing on ATM) mode for the E1 PCM links, 224 E1 are supported without IMA mode 2pOC3 STM-1 modules. New installations of the Access Node will be done with 2pOC3 STM-1 and MSA 32 single slot modules. Access Nodes already installed will keep MSA 32/STM-1 Double Slot modules when upgraded, no retrofit is needed.In the following figures the single slot cards are displayed. MSA32 modules. New installations of the Access Node will be done with MSA 32 SS. Access Nodes already installed will keep MSA 32 DS modules when upgraded, no retrofit is needed. In the following figures MSA32 cards are displayed as Single Slot.

The lower part houses the following equipments:

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CP2 modules (Control Processor) power supply assemblies cooling unit assembly Access Node modules front view for 120-ohm PCM E1 links Access Node modules front view for 75-ohm PCM E1 links

The following figures provide the following views respectively:

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Figure 19 Access Node modules front view for 120-ohm PCM E1 links

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Figure 20 Access Node modules front view for 75-ohm PCM E1 links

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RNC 1500 hardware modules description


This part describes the hardware modules that are housed into the RNC Interface Node. It is split into the following sections: Control Processor (CP3) module 16p OC-3/STM-1 module Packet Server FP (PS FP) module Fabric module LED description for Interface Node module

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Control Processor (CP3) module


This section describes the hardware of the Multiservice Switch 15000 CP3 module. It is split into the following subsections: CP3 module presentation and functions CP3 module external interfaces CP3 module electrical interfaces

CP3 module presentation and functions The Control Processor (CP3) manages all Multiservice Switch resources, interfaces with the MDM/MDP management system and contains a local disk for loads and logs. The CP3 processor is a Motorola PowerPC 755 at 400MHz with 256MB of RAM. The CP3 is provisioned in 1+1 redundancy scheme and uses a proprietary operating system built on VxWorks. The hard disk in the CP3 module is 20G. The CP3 module is responsible for the following functions: Control of base Interface Node functions such as loading, fault detection and sparing Control over ATM PVC connections on the external interfaces Disk management Ethernet access to MDM/MDP via TCP/IP IP routing function for OMC-B/Node Bs links

CP3 module external interfaces The purpose of this subsection is to provide a high-level presentation of the CP3 module interfaces: on the front panel on the backplane

Front panel The CP3 module front panel is composed of the following components and connectors: two visual indicators (LEDs) two RJ45 connectors which provide an 10BaseT Ethernet access through TCP/IP to the TML or an 100BaseT Ethernet access through TCP/IP to W-NMS. The CP3 module can be connected directly or through one or two optional HUBs.

The following figure shows the CP3 module front view:

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Figure 21 CP3 module: front view

Backplane The backplane of an CP3 module is composed of the following components: packet link redundancy redundant - 48 V dc links one Slot ID

CP3 module electrical interfaces

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This module is powered by the -48 V dc, which comes from the operator boxes through the BIP frame assembly and PIM modules. It houses the following components: a dc/dc converter which provides power to each component a common ground for each board a fixed fuse to protect each component

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16p OC-3/STM-1 module


This section describes the hardware of the Multiservice Switch 15000 16p OC-3/STM-1. It is split into the following subsections: 16p OC-3/STM-1 module presentation and functions 16p OC-3/STM-1 module external interfaces 16p OC-3/STM-1 module electrical interfaces

The following figures show respectively hardware overview of the 16p OC-3/STM-1 module with closed fiber hood and with opened fiber hood. Figure 22 16p OC-3/STM-1: front view

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Figure 23 16p OC-3/STM-1 module: hardware overview with opened fiber hood

OC-3C/STM-1 module presentation and functions The OC3/STM1 FP has 16 ports and is available in single mode only. This FP contains 16

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OC-3/STM-1 duplex HP MTRJ fiber optic transceivers and supports either one user-network interface (UNI) or one ATM Multiservice Switch interface for each port. The FP can operate from either side of the user/network boundary. Each OC-3/STM-1 ATM port supports a line rate of 155.52Mbit/s that operates in B-ISDN mode. The OC3 FP runs on Motorola Power PC 750 processors at 233MHz and with 128MB of RAM. It is provisioned in 1+1 redundancy scheme and supports Automatic Protection Switching and as such is able to recover from board failure within 50ms. OC-3C/STM-1 module external interfaces The purpose of this part it to give a high-level presentation of the 16p OC-3/STM-1 module interfaces on the front panel and backpanel. Front panel The single front panel of an 16p OC-3/STM-1 module is composed of the following components and connectors: two visual indicators (LEDs) 16 connectors for the single-mode OC-3/STM-1 optical fibers. Each connector houses the following connectors for the transmission/reception: MT-RJ for 16pSTM-1 (used for UMTS 2100) LC connector for 16pOC-3 (used for UMTS 1900) Two 16p OC-3/STM-1 are available with different PEC codes. For more information seeUMTS RNC 1500 Maintenance Guide (411-8111-563). Each OC-3/STM-1 ATM unchanelized port supports a line rate of 155.52 Mbits/s that operates in B-ISDN mode and supports single mode optical fiber. (please refer to Main site specification for more details on optical interface). Backplane The backplane of an 16p OC-3/STM-1 module is composed of the following components: packet link redundancy redundant - 48 V dc links slot ID

OC-3C/STM-1 module electrical interfaces This section presents the electrical interfaces of the 16p OC-3/STM-1. This module is powered by the -48 V dc that comes from the operator boxes through the: BIP assembly PIM modules a dc/dc converter which provides power to each component a common ground for each board a fixed fuse to protect each component

This module houses the following components:

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Packet Server module hardware


This section describes the hardware of the Multiservice Switch 15000 Packet Server module. It is split into the following subsections Packet Server module presentation and functions Packet Server module external interfaces Packet Server module electrical interfaces

The Packet Server module, also called PS FP or 6mPktServSP FP (6-module Packet Server Frame Processor), is a server FP, which provides services for the other interfaces in the Multiservice Switch 15000. Packet Server module presentation and functions The packet server processor is based on internal open architecture PMC (PCI Mezzanine Card) interfaces for the daughter boards, allowing for rapid hardware upgrades and product evolution along Moore's Law as soon as components are available to market. Each Packet Server FP board hosts 6 PMC. Among all PMCs, 2 (called PMC-M, 1 active, 1 standby on a different card) are reserved for the management of all the others PMCs. The Nortel RNC uses PMCs from two vendors, each with PowerPC 7410 (G4) processors operating at 450 MHz with 256 MB of SDRAM. The packet server is provisioned in load sharing redundancy scheme. The load is shared between the PMCs with an engineering margin, whereas PMC-M are provisioned in 1+1 redundancy. The Packet Server module is responsible for the following functions: High-touch Bearer processing Radio protocol handling (MAC, RLC and PDCP) Interface bearer protocols Macro-Diversity Handover (frame selection, buffering, synchronization, combining/splitting) AAL2 SARing function (Segmentation And Re-assembly) Translation between AAL2 and IP All the CNode functions

Packet Server module external interfaces The purpose of this part it to give a high level presentation of the Packet Server module interfaces that are located on the front panel and on the backplane. Front panel The front panel of an Packet Server module is composed by two visual indicators (LEDs). The following figure shows a hardware overview of the Packet Server module.

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Figure 24 Packet Server module: hardware overview

Backplane The backplane of an Packet Server module is composed of the following components: packet link redundancy - 48 V dc link redundancy Slot ID

Packet Server module electrical interfaces This module is powered by the -48 V dc which comes from the operator boxes through the BIM

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assembly and PIM modules. It houses the following components: a dc/dc converter which provides power to each component a common ground for each board a fixed fuse to protect each component

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Fabric module
This section gives a presentation of the Fabric module. It is split into the following subsections: Fabric module presentation and functions Fabric module redundant backplane Fabric module control buses

Fabric module presentation and functions The Fabric module provides the centralized resources required to support the Multiservice Switch 15000 applications. The Multiservice Switch 15000 has two 56,3Gbit/s redundant switching fabric cards. It is connected by high speed serial bidirectional 3.2 G/bits links to the switching the elements, which reside on each fabric module. The Fabric module operates in redundant mode. For this mode two Fabric modules are used. Both Fabric modules contain duplicated information and are connected to each other by redundant links. While one Fabric module operates as the active module, the second module operates in warm standby mode to provide instant availability. The following figures show respectively: Fabric modules on the rear panel of a RNC 1500 cabinet hardware overview of a Fabric module

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Figure 25 RNC cabinet: lower shelf assembly components, rear view

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Figure 26 Fabric module: hardware overview

Fabric module redundant backplane Within an interface node, two Fabric modules provide backplane redundancy. They are referred to as the X Fabric and Y Fabric modules The X Fabric module and the Y Fabric module are used in a load-sharing mode. Upon failure of either Fabric module, all traffic is carried by the other fabric. Physically there is only one type of Fabric card. The designation of X vs Y Fabric module is determined by the location of the Fabric module. The Fabric module must read X or Y designation from backplane pins.

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The Fabric modules provide redundant backplane communication in the interface node between sixteen modules. The Fabric modules are not included in the count of these sixteen modules. Therefore the interface node can still have: two CP3 modules up to twelve Packet Server modules two 16p OC-3/STM-1 modules on the front panel: two visual indicators (LEDs)

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LED description for Multiservice Switch 15000 module


This section gives a description of the LEDs on the Multiservice Switch 15000 modules. LED description Each module inside the Multiservice Switch 15000 houses the same three LEDs on the upper part of the front panel to facilitate on-site maintenance and reduce the risk of human error. The actual colors of these LEDs are referenced as: amber with a circular shape red with a triangular shape green with a rectangular shape

The red and green LEDs indicate the module status. The amber led indicates that the module can not operate. The following figure shows the position of each LED for each module (except the Filler module). Figure 27 Module front panel indicators

LED display The Multiservice Switch 15000 has only one LED active at any time, no combinations of green, red

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and amber LEDs are available. The following table gives the description, combinations and states of the red LED, the green LED and the amber LED for each module inside the interface node of the RNC 1500 cabinet. Table 1 Visual indicator description for all modules LED display No color Solid red Slow pulsing red Slow pulsing green Module status No power is reaching the module The module is disabled. The module has passed self-tests but has not yet fully loaded its software. The software of the module is fully loaded but not yet activated. For the interface node, the module may also be locked. The module is running as standby. The module in active service The module is not configured on this slot.

Fast pulsing green Solid green Solid amber

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RNC 1500 cooling system description


The purpose of this section is to provide a high-level presentation of the cooling system. The cooling system components are as follows: RNC 1500 environmental control equipment air filters temperature sensors cooling units

If the upper shelf is empty, one cooling unit is placed on the rear for the lower shelf. if the cabinet is full, two cooling units are placed in the middle of the frame. The following figure shows the relationship between the upper cooling unit and the upper shelf and between the lower cooling unit and the lower shelf in an RNC 1500 cabinet. Each cooling unit consists of three fan modules and a cooling unit backplane located in a common shelf. Each cooling unit is controlled by remote temperature sensors located in the shelf assembly. If one of the fans fails, an alarm is generated. If the temperature reaches an unacceptable level, the fan speed increases. Upper cooling unit pushes air from the fans under modules to the top of the upper shelf assembly. The upper cooling unit is only installed if the upper shelf has been installed. Lower cooling unit pulls air from the bottom of the frame to the rear of the lower shelf assembly.

The RNC 1500 must always be operated with the cooling units on to avoid damage to the different module in the cabinet.

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Figure 28 Upper and lower cooling unit in an RNC 1500 with airflow direction

RNC 1500 environmental control equipment

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The RNC 1500 environmental control equipment consists of two cooling units located in the middle of the frame, between the upper and lower shelf assemblies. The upper cooling unit pushes air from the fan under the modules in the upper shelf assembly and out through the exhaust plenum under the BIP. The lower cooling unit pulls air in from the bottom of the frame, over the modules in the lower shelf assembly and out through the fan assembly. Each cooling unit consists of three fan modules and a cooling unit backplane located in a common shelf. Each cooling unit is controlled by remote temperature sensors located in the shelf assembly. Under normal operation and with 2200 W dissipated power, the cooling unit provides sufficient air flow (1 to 1.2 m/s), in the case of air conditioner failure, to maintain an overall air temperature rise across the shelf of less than 15C (59F). At temperatures above 55C (131F), the fans switch to high (full) speed to increase air flow and cooling of the shelf. The fans return to normal speed when the temperature falls below 46C (115F). Air filters The RNC 1500 frame is equipped with air filters to prevent dust and other airborne contaminants from being drawn into the shelf assemblies by the cooling units. The filters also assist air flow by acting as airflow diffusers. The air filter for the lower cooling unit is located at the bottom of the frame. The air filter for the upper cooling unit is located in the middle of the frame, between the upper cooling unit and the upper shelf. The air filters must be installed in the frame assembly to ensure proper air flow across the shelf assembly. The RNC 1500 must not be operated when the air filters are removed, except during filter replacement. Temperature sensors A temperature sensor (one per fan controller) is placed in the air flow above the shelf assembly in the exhaust air stream. Each temperature sensor is mounted on a PCB (Printed Circuit board). The temperature sensors are not linked directly to a specific fan and can monitor the air flow generated by multiple fans simultaneously. The temperature sensors are linked to a temperature interface block, which provides bias to the sensors, monitors faults in the sensor circuit, and processes temperature information. If temperatures greater than 72C (162F) are detected, a HighTemp alarm is sent to the Alarm/BITS module where the alarm is indicated. When temperatures less than 55C (131F) are detected, the fans operate at normal speeds. If temperatures between 55C and 72C (131F and 162F) are detected, the fans switch to high-speed mode. The RNC environmental control equipment consists of two cooling units located in the middle of the frame, between the upper and lower shelf assemblies. The upper cooling unit pushes air from the fan under the modules in the upper shelf assembly and out through the exhaust plenum under the BIP. The lower cooling unit pulls air in from the bottom of the frame, over the modules in the lower shelf assembly and out through the fan assembly.

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Figure 29 Cooling unit: hardware overview

Cooling unit The following figure shows the front view and the rear view of the cooling units on the RNC 1500. Each cooling unit houses the following components:

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cooling unit description fan controller module cooling unit LED indications

Figure 30 Cooling units: front and rear views

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Cooling unit description The cooling unit maintains the ambient temperature inside the shelf assembly. Each cooling unit has the following characteristics: The dimensions for the upper and lower cooling unit are approximately 200mm height by 480mm depth and 534mm width. Three individually replaceable fans. Three replaceable fan controllers. Fans runs at 2900RPM at normal operation to minimize wear and tear, and fan noise; fans run at full speed (3600RPM) at fan-fail and over-temperature conditions. Each fan is controlled by a fan controller board. Fully redundant power (A and B feeds to cooling unit). Fan-fail and over-temperature lights the front LED and sends an alarm signal to the shelf. Cooling unit is based on Rotarian Maltese fan units (150mm L x 55mm W x 171mm H). Fan output CFM: 150@2900RPM and 300@3600RPM. Both front and rear cooling units are cabled from the rear. Front cooling unit (upper), if needed, is a push-type forced convection system; air is from the bottom to the rear. Rear cooling unit (lower) is a pull type forced convection system : air flow direction is from the bottom to the rear. LEDs are viewable from the front of both cooling units to confirm failure. An air filter is provided at the shelf level. The maximum dissipation of the RNC 1500 cabinet is 2600W.

Fan controller module A fan controller module controls the power supply to a fan, monitors the operation of the fan and its speed, and monitors the status of the remote temperature sensors. In the case of a failure, the controller sends an alarm signal to the alarm/BITS module and sends a status signal to the other fans, forcing them to switch to a higher speed. Cooling unit LED indications Each cooling unit is equipped with LEDs to indicate the status of the unit. The table below gives the description, combinations and states of the red LED and the green LED for the modules in the RNC cabinet. Table 2 Cooling unit LED indications Red LED (triangular) unlit LED unlit LED lit LED Green LED (rectangular) unlit LED lit LED unlit LED Status - the module is not powered - module is on, no fault detected - missing fan or temperature sensor detected. A FANFAIL signal is sent to the alarm/

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Red LED (triangular)

Green LED (rectangular)

Status BITS module, and the remaining fan modules are switched to the high speed setting.

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RNC 1500 power supply and alarm systems


The power supply and alarm systems of the RNC 1500 cabinet are composed of the following components: the BIP (Breaker Interface Panel), used for all power and alarm cabling used inside the RNC. four PIM modules, for the Multiservice Switch 15000. They are used to transfer the -48 V dc each alarm to/from each Multiservice Switch 15000 module and the BIP. a MAC address module, containing the range of MAC addresses available for assignment (based on the base address value). an Alarm/BITS module, terminating alarm and BITS signals.

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BIP assembly
The BIP (Breaker Interface Panel) assembly is located in a frame power distribution tray and is mounted on the top of the RNC 1500 frame. It provides a central location where redundant dc power feeds (nominal -48 V dc) connect to the switch and route up to four BIMs (Breaker Interface Modules) with two BIMs per RNC 1500 shelf. Power is distributed from the BIMs to the shelves and the cooling units. The BIP also contains an alarm module which monitors system components, generates alarms, and controls LED status indicators. The BIP assembly contains a front cover, which provides the main following functions: It protects the components and connections on the front of the power breakers and alarm module. It directs exhaust air venting from the upper cooling unit. It provides tool-only access through captive screws (for security and convenience).

The front cover can be opened to access the retaining screws holding the BIM (Breaker Interface Module) and alarm module in place. The following figure shows the location of the individual components in the BIP assembly and the location of the power connectors. The BIP houses the following components: BIM (Breaker Interface Modules) alarm module

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Figure 31 BIP: hardware overview

Table 3 Component power consumption

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Component CP3 16pOC-3/STM-1 PS BIP Lower cooling unit Fabric PIM Alarm/BITS MAC address module Total

Quantity 2 2 12 1 1 2 4 1 1

Typical Watts 37 130 100 13 80 50 0 1 0

Typical Watts total 74 260 1200 13 80 100 0 1 0 1728

Maximum Watts total 55 x 2 150 x 2 100 x 12 21 x 1 187 x 1 60 x 2 0 1x1 0 1939

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PIM modules
The PIM modules are the dc power conditioner. The shelf assembly houses four modules. The dc part of the PIM module houses the following connectors: a connector dedicated to alarms a connector dedicated to fan unit alarms a connector dedicated to the -48 V dc a power block

The PIM module also provides the alarm interface between the central distribution boxes and the Multiservice Switch 15000. The following figure shows an hardware overview of the PIM module.

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Figure 32 PIM module: hardware overview

PIM modules: location and physical description

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As shown in the following figure, the four PIM modules are located along the left side of the rear of the shelf assembly. Each PIM module provides a point at which power and alarm cables from the BIP are connected. The shelf assembly houses four PIMs: two for the A power feed two for the B power feed

The input power feeds from the BIP are routed to the Multiservice Switch 15000. The BIP backplane power connections are the terminations for input power feeds up to 100 A, and for output power cables from the BIP to the shelves and the cooling units. A four-BIM model BIP supports four input feeds (a battery and battery-return wire per BIM). A backplane safety cover overlays the backplane to prevent inadvertent shorts from metallic contact with the connectors. Each power input connection is covered by an insulating boot. Each PIM module provides the following functions: separate power filtering for the portions of the shelf it supports termination for the shelf clocks and for the secondary control bus

The PIM module is a replaceable unit, however the Multiservice Switch 15000 must be powered down from the appropriate BIP circuit breakers, and the PIM module power cables unplugged before the module can be removed.

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Figure 33 PIM module: positioning and front panel view

PIM modules: front panel The power cables from the BIP are connected to the front panel of a PIM module. The front panel is designed so that you cannot remove the PIM module unless the power cable is removed first. This protects the backplane pins from arcing if the PIM module is pulled out with the power left on.

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MAC address module


The MAC (Media Access Control) address module is located at the left side of the rear of the shelf assembly, between the two fabric modules and between the PIM modules of the upper and lower cage. The MAC address module is a replaceable module that provides the shelf with MAC addresses for the control and function processors. The module also communicates the shelf type to the control processors. The MAC address module contains the range of MAC addresses available for assignment (based on the base address value). During the RNC 1500 boot sequence, the control processor takes the range stored in the MAC address module, divides this value by the number of functional processors, and distributes a base value and a range to each functional processor. The following figure shows the front panel and the hardware overview of the MAC address module.

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Figure 34 MAC address module: positioning and front panel view

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Figure 35 MAC Address module: hardware overview

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Alarm BITS module


As shown in the following figure, the alarm BITS module is located at the right side of the rear of the shelf assembly, between the upper and lower fabric modules. The alarm BITS module is a replaceable module that performs the following functions: terminates cables carrying: alarm signals (from the cooling unit and BIP) BITS signals passes the information over shelf backplane to the control processors and expansion slots The alarm/BITS module supports connection to DS1 balanced cable (CP3 T1 module) and E1 balanced cable (CP3 E1 module). For connection to E1 unbalanced cable (CP3 E1 module) use an adapter cable. The alarm BITS module contains the following connectors: BITS ports Sync A-J4 cooling unit alarm connector alarm BITS module cable assembly BIP alarm connector

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Figure 36 Alarm BITS: positioning and front panel view

BITS ports Sync A-J4

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The alarm BITS module provides two ports for connecting the interface node to a BITS (Built-in Integrated Timing Supply) interface. These ports support connection to E1 balanced cables (120 # twisted pair D-sub). For connection to E1 unbalanced cables (75 # coax D-sub) use an adapter cable. The ports are labeled Sync A-J4. These ports are paired with the control processors that contain the active BITS circuits. The pin assignments and the functional specifications for the transmit and receive circuits for the BITS connectors are listed in Multiservice Switch 15000 Hardware Installation, Maintenance and Upgrades (NN-10600-130). Alarm BITS module: cooling unit alarm connector The cooling unit alarm connector is a 9-pin D connector which receives alarm signals from the interface node cooling unit and transmits them to the switch backplane through the alarm BITS module. Table 4 Cooling unit alarm connector Pin number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Alarm BITS module: cable assembly The cable assembly for the alarm BITS module is part of the BIP alarm cable assembly. The assembly includes the wires and connectors for connecting to the J1 and J2 outlets on either a lower or an upper switch. Connecting the DB9 connectors onto the BITS wires is described in Multiservice Switch 15000 Hardware Installation, Maintenance and Upgrades (NN-10600-130). Alarm BITS module: BIP alarm connector The BIP alarm connector is the bottom connector in the alarm/BITS E1 module. This module performs the following functions: BIP alarm termination It provides proper over-voltage protection for all BIP alarms and provides an interface between the BIP and the CP3 modules through the backplane. shelf ID termination It provides proper over-voltage protection and a backplane interface for shelf ID and the BIP No connection FANTEMP No connection GND No connection No connection GND FANFAIL No connection Signal

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signals to the CP3 module slots. audiovisual alarm termination It provides a connection between the backplane audio visual alarm signals and the BIP interface to the CP3 modules slots. Table 5 BIP alarm connector Pin Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Signal MINAUDN MAJAUDN CRITAUDN SHID4 GND MINVISN ALMFAILN No connection No connection MINVISN MAJVISN CRITVISN SHID3 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Pin Number Signal No connection No connection BKRFAILBN EXTPWRN ACON SHID0 SHID1 SHID2 SHID5 BKRTRIPAN BKRFAILAN BKRTIPBN No connection

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TML uses for the RNC 1500


The RNC 1500 has several tools, including the TML. The TML hardware is a laptop. It works under windows and behaves like a Java browser. This section presents: TML performs TML connection to the RNC 1500

TML performs The TML tool performs the following functions: graphically displays the current RNC 1500 hardware configuration tests after equipment installation audits system before major operations upgrades software or hardware downloads new software diagnoses and localizes link failures between the RNC 1500 boards customizes the RNC 1500 nodes installs software tests RNC 1500 modules operates corrective maintenance

TML connection to the RNC 1500 The TML is connected to the RNC through Ethernet connections to the CP3 module inside the Multiservice Switch 15000. The operator can plug in on the active or passive modules, provided that the LED status is correct. The TML can also be plugged in a hub that is hosted in the cabling area interface of the RNC. The TML is also used for the RNC installation and the test and maintenance activities. The following connections can make with the TML: Direct connections: On the Multiservice Switch 15000 the TML hardware can be plugged on the CP3-0 module with a RJ45 crossed cable. Remote connections: In this connection, The TML is connected to LAN/WAN network. The connection can be check by doing a ping [IP address]. For more information see RNC 1500 TML Tool (411-8111-565).

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Wireless Service Provider Solutions UMTS Product Fundamentals Nortel UMTS RNC 1500 Description
To order documentation from Nortel Wireless Knowledge Services from all countries except North America, contact: Phone number: (1) (615) 432-4848 To order documentation from Nortel Wireless Knowledge Services from North America, contact: Phone number: (1) (877) 662-5669 [Option 4] or (1) (919) 997-8015 To report a problem in this publication from all countries except North America, contact: Nortel Documentation Department Parc d'Activit de Magny-Chteaufort Chteaufort 78928 Yvelines Cedex 9 France Fax number: (33) (1) 39-44-50-29 To report a problem in this publication from North America, contact: Nortel Global Knowledge Services 2221 Lakeside Boulevard Richardson TX 75082 USA Phone number: (1) (800) 466-7838 or (1) (972) 684-5935 From any country, you can also use the "Contact Us" link from the Nortel Customer Documentation World Wide Web site at: http://www.nortel.com/documentation

Copyright 2005-2006 Nortel Networks, All Rights Reserved NORTEL CONFIDENTIAL The information contained in this document is the property of Nortel. Except as specifically authorized in writing by Nortel, the holder of this document shall keep the information contained herein confidential and shall protect same in whole or in part from disclosure and dissemination to third parties and use same for evaluation, operation and maintenance purposes only. The content of this document is provided for information purposes only and is subject to modification. It does not constitute any representation or warranty from Nortel as to the content or accuracy of the information contained herein, including but not limited to the suitability and performances of the product or its intended application. This is the Way. This is Nortel, Nortel, the Nortel logo, and the Globemark are trademarks of Nortel. All other trademarks are the property of their owners. Document number: Document issue: Document status: Product release: Date: Originated in France 411-8111-931 02.03/EN Standard UMTS V5.0 April 2006

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