MEDICAL UNIVERSITY PLEVEN DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY

STRUCTURE OF THE MEDICAL PRESCRIPTION. PRESCRIPTION WRITING Dr D. Pendicheva, Dr G. Stavreva I. DEFINITION & DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESCRIPTION II. COMPONENT PARTS OF THE PRESCRIPTION 1. INSCRIPTIO 2. PRAEPOSITIO 3. PRESCRIPTIO 4. SUBSCRIPTIO 5. SIGNATURA 6. NOMEN MEDICI 7. NOMEN AEGROTI III. PRESCRIPTION TYPES IV. SYMBOLS & ABBREVIATIONS USED IN PRESCRIPTION V. UNITS OF MEASUREMANT USED IN THE PRESCRIPTION Prescription i port ! nce " p!rts" prescription t#pes" !n$ prescription %or s Prescription impor ta nce medical, phar m ac e u tical, financial, and legal. Prescription Parts: Inscriptio " Pr!epositio " Pr!escriptio " S&'scriptio " Si(n!t&r ! " No en e$ici " No en !e(roti . Magistr al and official prescriptions T#pes o% prescription %or s) &s&!**# +,ite %or s +it, -. ont, /!*i$it#0 %or s o% t,e N!tion!* He!*t, Ins&r!nce F&n$ %or $r&(s prescri'e $ %or 1 ont, +it, 12. $!# /!*i$it#0 %or s o% t,e N!tion!* He!*t, Ins&r!nce F&n$ %or $r&(s prescri'e$ %or 3 ont,s +it, A" B" !n$ C st&'s /!*i$ %or 12" 42" !n$ 52 $!#s respecti/ e*#0 (reen !n$ #e**o+ %or s +it, 5. $!# /!*i$it#0 +,ite %or s +it, 1 '*&e strip o% t,e Ministr# o% He!*t,. Prescription !''re/i! tions !n$ &nits Prescription abbrevia tions: Rp 6" 77" 8 . s." t!' ." t!'&* ." t!'* . 9 %ro t!'*e t :" ! p ." %* ." %*!c ." c!ps ." s&pp ." sc." sc!t ." p&*/ ." &n( ." D . S." M . % ." D . t . $ ." In% ." Dec ." Fo* ." H' ." So* ." T.r! " M .r!" etc. Meaning of the designa tions : A$ " A$ &s& propri& " Pro &so s&o " Cito " Citissi e " St!ti " ;erte . P,!r !copei!
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The Pharm acopeia o%%ers ! co**ection o% !rtic*es 9 specifications and standar ds : on $r&(s *iste$ in !*p,!'e tic !* or$er. E!c, !rtic*e cont!ins t,e n! e o% t,e $r&( in L!tin or En(*is," t,e e piric!* !n$ str&ct&r !* %or &*! e " $!t! !'o&t t,e p,#sicoc,e ic!* proper ties" et,o$s %or 8&!ntit ! / e !n$6or 8&!*it! ti/ e i$enti%ic! tion" stor!(e con$itions" !<i & sin(*e $ose" !<i & $!i*# $ose" !n$ t,e p,!r !cot, e r ! p e & t ic (ro&p. In !$$ition" t,e p,!r !copei! $escri'es t,e et,o$s %or 'io*o(ic!* st!n$! r ti=! tion o% c!r$i!c (*#cosi$es" ins&*in" !n$ ot,er prep!r ! tions. In this country the European Pharm acopeia ( I and II editions! is in effect.

A practition r ! " ci!ion to tr at a pati nt a!!#$ ! t%at t% pati nt %a! & n 'a(#at " an" "ia)no! "* T% practition r can t% n ! ( ct +ro$ a 'ari t, o+ t% rap #tic approac% !* Dr#) t% rap, i! $o!t co$$on(, c%o! n* In $o!t ca! !- t%i! r .#ir ! t% /ritin) o+ a pr !cription* T% pr !cription or" r i! t% $o!t i$portant t% rap #tic tran!action & t/ n a p%,!ician an" a pati nt* A e$ic!* prescription is ! +ritte n or$er %ro ! $octor to ! c,e ist t,!t inc*&$es instr&ction %or prep! rin( !n$ $ispensin( e$icines to ! cert!in p!tien t * T% pr !cription r pr ! nt! a $ c%ani!$ t%ro#)% /%ic% a tr at$ nt $o"a(it, i! pro'i" " to t% pati nt* A pr !cription or" r $a, & /ritt n an" i!!# " &, a p%,!ician- " nti!t- ' t rinarian- or ot% r prop r(, (ic n! " $ "ica( practition r* T,e prescription %or e!c, p!tien t is ! &ni8&e entit# " $esi(n! tin( ! specific medication or medica tions %or ! specific patien t !t ! specific time. 0%i( t% pr !cription can & /ritt n on an, pi c o+ pap r- it #!#a((, ta1 ! a !p ci+ic print " +or$* T%at +or$ po!! !! ! &(an1 !pac ! +or t% n c !!ar, in+or$ation* S#c% &(an1! ar o+t n !#pp(i " to t% p%,!ician in t% +or$ o+ a pa" containin) appro2i$at (, 344 &(an1 +or$!* T%i! i! a t,pica( print " +or$ +or o#tpati nt!* In a %o!pita( ! ttin)- "r#)! ar pr !cri& " on a partic#(ar pa) in t% pati nt ! %o!pita( c%art* A pr !cription or" r +o((o/! a " +init patt rn t%at +aci(itat ! it! int rpr tation* Ta&( 3 !%o/! t% $ani+ !t +#nction! o+ t% pr !cription* T!'*e 1. M!ni%es t %&nctions o% t,e prescription 1. >. 3. 4. 2. -. LEGAL DOCUMENTATION RECORD SOURCE MEANS OF COMMUNICATION THERAPY MODALITY MEANS OF MEDICAL CONTROL OF THERAPY MEANS OF CLINICAL TRIAL

A(( pr !cription or" r! !%o#(" & corr ct- #na$&i)#o#!- /it%o#t cro!!5o#t! an" !i)n " c( ar(, +or opti$a( co$$#nication & t/ n pr !cri& r- p%ar$aci!t- an" n#r! * It i! r .#ir " t%at a $ "ica( pr !cription in B#()aria & /ritt n in Latin* COMPONENT PARTS OF THE PRESCRIPTION T,e prescription consists o% se/en p!rts. T,eir L!tin n! !re) es

1. INSCRIPTIO H r /ritt n ar 6 t% na$ an" t% !#rna$ o+ t% "octor- t% %o!pita(- c(inic or po(,c(inic $ "ica( c nt r- t% ir a""r !!- an" t%
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"at * T% "at i! i$portant +ro$ t% !tan"point o+ a!c rtainin) +or " t r$inin) t% (i+ o+ t% pr !cription* T% pr !cription o+ narcotic! an" contro(( " !#&!tanc ! ar )o' rn " &, !p cia( (a/! an" r )#(ation! it cannot & +i(( " a+t r $or t%an 34 "a,! +ro$ t% "at o+ i!!#anc 7 &#t an or" r +or c%i("r n 8 "a,! a+t r t% "at on /%ic% !#c% pr !cription /a! i!!# "* >. PRAEPOSITIO 9SUPERSCRIPTION : con!i!t! o+ t% $ !!a) to t% c% $i!t* It inc(#" ! on(, t% 2pr !!ion Rp*9 an a&&r 'iation +or R cip - t% Latin +or G t ! :Ta1 ; 3. PRESCRIPTIO i! t% $ain part o+ t% $ "ica( pr !cription- & ca#! t%i! i! t% "octor<! or" r* H r ar t% na$ ! o+ $ "icina( !#&!tanc !- t% $ "icina( +or$!- an" t% "o!a) !* a; &ran" na$ :propri tar, na$ ; or ) n ric na$ :INN int rnationa( nonpropri tar, na$ ; $a, & #! "* T% $ "icina( !#&!tanc ! ar r .#ir " to & )in /it% a capita( ( tt r an" to & in t% G niti' ca! * T% na$ ! o+ a(( pr paration! an" ( $ nt! n" in .& " Gen s(. i. T% !a(t! n" in G n* !)* 5 !tis 9s&*%! t e :0 itis 9nitr! t e :0 i$i 9c,*ori$e : b) t% $ "icina( +or$ can & p(ac " in t% & )innin) o+ t% pr !cription or a+t r t% "r#) <! na$ * c) t% "o! i! not " a+t r t% !#&!tanc or $ "icina( +or$* T% !tr n)t% o+ t% $ "ication !%o#(" & /ritt n in $ tric #nit!* E2a$p( 6 Rp*9 Ta&* Parac ta$o(i 4-= :or =44 $); Rp*9 Vita$ini B3> in a$p#((i! 4-=44 $)

4. SUBSCRIPTIO 9SUBSCRIPTION : In t%i! part ar /ritt n- i+ n c !!ar,- in!tr#ction! to t% c% $i!t on %o/ to $a1 t% pr paration an" t% n#$& r o+ "o! !- or $ "icina( +or$! to & !#pp(i " to t% pati nt* E2a$p 6 Rp*9 Ta&* Parac ta$o(i 4-= Da !cat#(a$ ? > : D* !cat* ?> ; @ Gi' > &(i!t r!

Rp*9 Vita$ini Da Di!p n! !#c% "o! in n#$&

B 3> 4-= $) ta( ! "o! ! ? 34 in a$p#((i! :D* t* "* ? 34; @ ! >4 r

2. SIGNATURA 9MAR?" LABEL: Not ! ar /ritt n in B#()arian* T% !i)nat#r i! t% $ !!a) int n" " +or t% pati nt* It pro'i" ! in!tr#ction! a! to %o/ t% $ "icin !%o#(" & ta1 n &, t% pati nt* T%i! in+or$ation $#!t & !#++ici nt to a((o/ t% pati nt to #n" r!tan" +#((, t% a$o#nt o+ t% "r#) pro"#ct to & ta1 n an" t% +r .# nc, an" $ann r o+
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a"$ini!tration6 i+ t% "r#) %a! to & #! " 2t rna((, on(,- or to & !%a1 n / (( & +or #! - or /% t% r it i! a poi!on- an" ot% r !#c% +act! ar inc(#" "* Example 6 Si)na or Scri& :S*; on ta&( t t%r ti$ ! a "a, :T r5 in5"i - r !p* t*i*"* t%r ti$ ! "ai(,; Si)na or Scri& :S*; On ta&( t /% n n c !!ar, :Pro r nata p*r*n*; -. NOMEN MEDICI T% !i)nat#r o+ t% "octor $a, & p(ac " on t% " !i)nat " ar aor a+t r t% (a!t "r#)- an" t%i! i! +or i" nti+ication "ata* 5. NOMEN AEGROTI Na$ - a""r !! an" a) o+ t% pati nt* T%i! part ! r' ! to i" nti+, +or /%o$ t% pr !cription i! int n" "* T% +#(( na$ an" t% a""r !! ar r .#ir " &, (a/ on a(( pr !cription! +or contro(( " !#&!tanc !* T% a) o+ t% pati nt i! a )oo" a""itiona( pi c o+ in+or$ation!p cia((, /it% p "iatric p At i nt! /% r "o!a) ca(c#(ation! %a' to & "o#&( 5 c% c1 " +or !a+ t,* T%i! part $a, & (ocat " on t% " !i)nat " ar a- or a+t r t% (a!t "r#) on t% &ac1 o+ t% +or$* PRESCRIPTION T@PES Pr !cription! can & c(a!!i+i " a! co$po#n" " an" nonco$po#n" "* Co po&n$e $ prescription - a(!o ca(( " formula magistralis :+ro$ Latin /or" $a)i!t r t ac% r; or extemporaneous prescription i! an or" r t%at r .#ir ! $i2in) o+ on or $or in)r "i nt! :acti' $ "ica$ nt!; /it% on or $or p%ar$ac #tica( n c !!iti ! :' %ic( - !#!p n"in) a) nt;* T% p%,!ician ! ( ct! t% "r#)!- "o! !an" p%ar$ac #tica( +or$ t%at % 9!% " !ir ! an" t% p%ar$aci!t pr par ! t% $ "ication accor"in)(,* T% na$ o+ ac% "r#) i! p(ac " on a ! parat (in ri)%t #n" r t% pr c "in) on * T% or" r o+ in)r "i nt! i! a! +o((o/!6 "emedium cardinale (basis!. T% &a!i! i! t% principa( "r#) an" )i' ! t% pr !cription it! c%i + action* "emedium ad#uvans (ad#uva n t ! . A! t% na$ !#)) !t!- t% a"B#'ant i! a "r#) t%at ai"! or incr a! ! t% action o+ t% principa( in)r "i nt* "emedium corrigens (correctiv e ! . T% corr cti' $o"i+i ! or corr ct! #n" !ira&( ++ ct! o+ t% &a!ic or a"B#'ant* "emedium constitue ns (vehicle!. T% ' %ic( i! t% a) nt #! " a! a !o(' nt in t% !o(#tion- to incr a! t% !iC an" 'o(#$ - or to "i(#t t% $i2t#r * T% $o!t pot nt or principa( "r#) i! /ritt n +ir!tt% ot% r in)r "i nt ! con"- an" t% ' %ic( (a!t- a! !%o/n in t% 2a$p( * Examples 6 Rp*9 Natrii &ro$ati :&ro$ati!; D-4 R $* &a!i!
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P% no&ar&ita(i Sir#pi M nt%a A.#a " !ti((ata con!tit# n!

4-D D4-4 a"

R $* a"B#'an! R $* corri) n! E44-4 R $*

Mi!c +iat $i2t#r :Mi2 to o&tain $i2t#r ;* Da*Si)na* Ta1 3 ta&( !poonE ti$ ! "ai(, a+t r atin) F Rp*9 Pota!!i#$ &ro$at L#$ina(5 So"i#$ S,r#p o+ p pp r$int Di!ti(( " /at r #p to M* D* S* ****** D-4 4-D D4-4 E44-4

F Rp*9 Ana !t% !ini :B nCocaini; Bi!$#t%i !#&nitrici aa E*4 Ma)n !ia #!ta G4*4 Mi!c +iat p#('i! :M* +* p*; D* S* 39> t ata&( "#rin) $ a(!* N onco po&n$ e $ prescription or fomula officinalis :o++icina i! t% Latin /or" +or /or1!%op; "o ! not r .#ir $i2in) o+ t/o or $or in)r "i nt! to o&tain a +ini!% " pro"#ct* A pr co$po#n" " or" r con!i!t! o+ a "r#) or a $i2t#r o+ "r#)! !#pp(i " &, a p%ar$ac #tica( co$pan, &, it! o++icia( or propri tar, na$ an"- i+ it contain! $or t%an on !#&!tanc - t% !p ci+ic in)r "i nt! "o not %a' to & (i!t "* S@MBOLS AND ABBRE;IATIONS USED IN PRESCRIPTION !! i! t% a&&r 'iation o+ ana part ! a .#a( ! :in .#a( .#antiti !;2pr !!in) Ht% !#&!tanc ! ar in .#a( .#antiti !I* A$ i! #! " to 2pr !! Ha"" to ) t t% /%o( / i)%t o+ t% pr paration I or H#p toI- /% n t% "r#)! ar so*/e$ in a n #tra( !#&!tanc * 8.s. .#ant#$ !ati! $ an! Ha! $#c% a! i! it n c !!ar,I* D. t. $. A HDa ta( ! "o! !I $ an! H"i!p n! !#c% "o! ! J in n#$& rI* D. sc!t * ? Da !cat#(a$ HGi' J &(i!t r!I* M.D.S. HMi2- )i' an" not I* M. %. K t% $ "icina( +or$ in no$inati' HMi2 to o&tainI* ;erte B /% n ,o# n " to contin# /ritin) on t% &ac1 o+ t% +or$* T%i! !%o#(" & /ritt n n ar t% &otto$ o+ t% pr !cription +or$- at t% ri)%t an)( * So$ a&&r 'iation! o+ $ "ica( +or$! ar 6 p&*/. :p#('i!; po/" r7 &n(. :#n)' nt# $; oint$ nt- #n)# nt7 so*. :!o(#tio; !o(#tion7 s&pp. :!#ppo!itori#$; !#ppo!itor,7 t!'. :ta&( tta; ta&( t* UNITS OF MEASUREMENT USED IN THE PRESCRIPTION
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T% !tr n)t% o+ t% "r#)! !%o#(" & /ritt n in $ tric #nit!* L#antiti ! o+ "r#)! ar $ a!#r " in )ra$!- $i((i)ra$!- an" $icro)ra$!* T% )ra$ :); i! t% &a!ic #nit o+ / i)%t in t% $ tric !,!t $* On on 5 t%o#!an"t% o+ a )ra$ i! 3 $i((i)ra$ :$);* On on 5 t%o#!an"t% o+ a $i((i)ra$ i! 3 icro(r ! :M); or 3 $c)* On t%o#!an" )ra$! i! on 1i(o)ra$ :ta&( >;* T% (it r i! t% &a!ic #nit o+ 'o(#$ in t% $ tric !,!t $* 0 co$$on(, #! t% $i((i(it r :$(;- /%ic% i! on on 5 t%o#!an"t% o+ a (it r* T% #nit c#&ic c nti$ t r- or cc- i! #! " a! an .#a( to $(* T% !tr n)t% o+ a !o(#tion i! #!#a((, 2pr !! " a! t% .#antit, o+ a !o(#t in a !#++ici nt !o(' nt to $a1 344 $(7 +or in!tanc - >4N pota!!i#$ c%(ori" !o(#tion i! >4 )ra$! o+ OC( p r 344 $( :)9344 $(;* T% )ra$ i! .#a( to t% / i)%t o+ 3 $( o+ "i!ti(( " /at r at G o C :C (!i#!; in 'ac##$* T% / i)%t an" $ a!#r ! o+ t% $ tric !,!t $ ar )i' n in Ta&( >* T!'*e >. Wei(,ts !n$ MASS e!s&res

METRIC S@STEM 3444 )ra$! :SI6 3444 ); 3 1i(o)ra$ :1); 3*4 )ra$ :SI6 3 ); :); 4*443 )ra$ :SI6 3 $); $i((i)ra$ :$); 5D 34 )ra$ :SI6 3 $icro)ra$ :M) icro(r ! P; c( ; 34 5Q )ra$ :SI6 3 n); nano)ra$ :n); 3444 $i((i(it r! :SI6 3444 $(; 344 $i((i(it r! :SI6 344 $(; 34 $i((i(it r! :SI6 34 $(; 3*4 c#&ic c nti$ t r :SI6 3 $(; 4*443 $i((i(it r (it r :(; " ci(it r :"(; c nti(it r :c(; $i((i(it r :$(- cc;

or

CAPACITY

$icro(it r :M( or c* ; c#&ic $i((i$ t r :c$$;

PHARMACOPEIAS AND FORMULARIES T% &oo1 o+ !tan"ar"! +or "r#)! an" " 'ic !- 1no/n a! p%ar$acop ia an" +or$#(ari !- ar co(( cti' (, r + rr " to a! "r#) co$p n"ia* A p%ar$acop ia or a +or$#(ar, i! a &oo1 containin) a (i!t o+ $ "icina( !#&!tanc ! :"r#)!; an" artic( ! :" 'ic !; /it% " !cription- t !t!- an" +or$#(a! +or t% ir pr paration- ! ( ct " &, a r co)niC " a#t%orit,* T% r co)niC " a#t%orit, /%ic% i!!# ! t% ! !tan"ar"! in $o!t co#ntri ! i! )o' r$ nta(*

O++icia( "r#) co$p n"ia %a' & n r co)niC " a! !tan"ar"! o+ p#rit,- .#a(it,- an" !tr n)t% &, a )o' rn$ nta( a) nc, o+ t% co#ntr,*