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NANOENGINEERED COMPOSITES: Strength and fatigue resistance.

Computational modelling
Leon Mishnaevsky Jr.

DSF (DANISH FOUNDATION OF BASIC SCIENCE) PROJECT


High reliability of large wind turbines via computational micromechanics based enhancement of materials performances

FUTURE OF WIND ENERGY ARE OFF-SHORE WIND PARKS

Such wind turbines are very difficult and expensive to repair if they are broken. Reliability must be increased!
Ris DTU, Technical University of Denmark

GOAL OF THIS PROJECT:


to create a scientific basis for the development of advanced, strong materials (with optimized at microlevel microstructures) for wind blades.

Ris DTU, Technical University of Denmark

3D MULTIFIBER UNIT CELL SIMULATIONS


Fiber bridging:

Matrix crack growth from a fiber crack

3 Competing Damage Modes:

L. Mishnaevsky Jr and P. Brndsted, Composites Sci & Technol, Vol. 69, No.7-8, 2009, pp. 1036-1044; Materials Science &Engineering: A, Vol.498, No. 1-2, 2008, pp. 81-86

ENHANCED EFFECTIVE INTERFACE MODEL


Effective interface model (EIM) was proposed by Odegard and his colleagues to
take into account the interface/interphase effects in nanocomposites. EIM represents molecular structure of the perturbed polyimide , interphases and interfacial molecules with gradual transition to the bulk molecular structure.

Generalized effective interface model: consists of two layers with different


properties; outer layer is allowed to overlap. Allows to model nanoparticle clustering

Exfoliated nanoparticles with EIM Effect of aspect ratio of particles


4420

Overall Young's Modulus (MPa)

4400 4380 4360 4340 4320 4300 4280 4260 4240 4220 0

Clustered particles with EIM

Interphases thickness 1.2 nm 0 30 45 60 90

10

Aspectratio
Ris DTU, Technical University of Denmark

HYBRID CARBON/GLASS COMPOSITES: Static & fatigue behaviour


Critical stress(plotted versus the fraction of carbon fibers under static compression Crack formation in aligned (a) and misaligned (b) structures

S-N curves of different hybrid composites under compressioncompression cyclic loading

Unit cell models and stress-strain curves of hybrids

L. Mishnaevsky Jr., G.M. Dai, Hybrid carbon/glass fiber composites: Micromechanical analysis of structure-damage resistance relationship, Ris DTU, Technical University of Denmark Computational Materials Science, Vol. 81, 2014, pp. 630-640

Some observations: Tensile cyclic loadings: composites with highest fraction of carbon fibers show best performances and longest lifetime. Compression loading: composites with largest fraction of carbon show the lowest maximum stress and fatigue lifetime. Fiber misalignment has some potential for increasing the fracture toughness of the composites

GRAPHENE REINFORCED POLYMERS:


Modelling
Multielement unit cell model Aspect ratio and clustering effecrs

Crack morphology in an aligned and misaligned model

Ris DTU, Technical University of Denmark

MULTISCALE HYBRID COMPOSITE WITH CARBON NANOTUBE REINFORCEMENT: Modelling

Ris DTU, Technical University of Denmark

HIERARCHICAL COMPOSITES with secondary nanoclay reinforcement

Effect of nanoclay in matrix and fiber sizing on the crack path deviation and on the S-N curves (below) (compression cyclic loading on glass/epoxy/nanoclay composite)

Crack path at different orientations and clustering of nanoplatelets


G.M. Dai, L. Mishnaevsky Jr., Fatigue of multiscale composites with secondary nanoplatelet reinforcement: 3D canalysis, Composites Science and DTU, Technical University of Denmark TechnologyRis (accepted); Damage evolution in nanoclay-reinforced polymers: 3D computational study, Composites Science & Technology, 74 (2013) 67 77

SOME REFERENCES
G.M. Dai, LM, Fatigue of multiscale composites with secondary nanoplatelet reinforcement: 3D computational analysis, Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 91, 2014, pp. 71-81 LM., G.M. Dai, Hybrid carbon/glass fiber composites: Micromechanical analysis of structure-damage resistance relationship, Computational Materials Science, Vol. 81, 2014, pp. 630-640 G.M. Dai, LM., Fatigue of hybrid carbon/glass composites: 3D Computational modelling Composites Science & Technology, Vol. 94, 2014, pp. 7179 LM, Micromechanical analysis of nanocomposites using 3D voxel based material model, Composites Science & Technology, 72 (2012) LM., G.M. Dai, Hybrid carbon/glass fiber composites: Micromechanical analysis, Comput Materials Sci, Vol. 81, 2014 G.M. Dai, LM., Damage evolution in nanoclay-reinforced polymers: 3D computational study, Composites Science & Technology, 74 (2013) L. Mishnaevsky Jr., Micromechanics of hierarchical materials: a brief overview, Reviews on Advanced Materials Science, 30 (2012) L. Mishnaevsky Jr. et al Materials of large wind turbine blades: Recent results in testing and modelling, Wind Energy, Vol. 15, No.1, 2012 LM., Hierarchical composites: Analysis of damage evolution based on fiber bundle model, Composites Sci & Technol, 71 (2011) H. Qing, LM, Fatigue modelling of materials with complex microstructures, Comput Materials Sci, Vol.50, N.5, 2011 H.W. Wang, et al.., Nanoreinforced polymer composites: 3D FEM modeling with effective interface concept, Composites Scie & Technol, 71/7, 2011

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