HUNGARY 1.

Hungary is situated in the heart of Europe and it covers an area of 93.000 square kilometers. It has a population of about 10 million inhabitants and has been a republic since ctober !3" 19#9" $hen it adopted a ne$ %onsitution. &o the $est" Hungary borders 'ustria( to the south" )lovenia" %roatica and )erbia( to the east *omania and the +kraine( and to the north" )lovakia. ,ost of the country is flat. &he hills in the $estern part of the country lead to the 'lps" $hile higher hills lying to the northeast are part of the %arpathian 'lps. &he biggest river is the -anube" the highest point in Hungary is a peak in the ,.tra ,ountains called /0kestet1. 2ake 3alaton is the largest lake in %entral Europe" it4s a popular holiday resort $ith Hungarians and other Europeans alike. &he climate of Hungary is temperate" $ith distinct seasons. &he capital of Hungary is 3udapest $ith about ! million inhabitants5 it is the political" economic" commercial and cultural centre of the country. It is also one of the most important rail$ay 6unctions in Europe. It lies on the t$o banks of the *iver -anube. 3uda and 7est $ere t$o to$ns before 1#83 $hen the t$o parts of the city and 9buda $ere officially united. ther ma6or cities are ,iskolc" -ebrecen" ):eged and 70cs. ;hile Hungary is one of the most ethnically homogeneous countries in %entral Europe <90= of the population are ,agyars>" it does have a number of different minorities" the largest of $hich are the ?ypsies. Hungary is a parliamentary republic. &here are parliamentary elections every four years" and the leader of the $inning party is asked by the president to form the government. &he president is elected by the parliament every five years. Hungary is divided into the capital" 19 counties" !! to$ns of county rank and !3 districts in 3udapest. Hungary 6oined to @'& <@orth 'tlantic &reaty rgani:ation in 1999>" so our safety and future increased because this organi:ation is a military union. ;e 6oined to E+ <European +nion> too in !00A but till no$ I haven4t felt the effect of the connection. 7robably Hungary has more financial aid but there isn4t more $orkplace and better salaries.

HUNGARY 2.

&here are several attractions in 3udapest5 Matthias Church: a 800 yearBold gothic church on %astle hill" reBbuilt in the last century. ,any kings $ere cro$ned here. City Park: the largest open space in 3udapest" it contains the :oo" funfair" and a castle specially built to sho$ the many styles of Hungarian architecture. Elizabeth Bri !e: the only bridge to be reBbuilt in modern style after the ;ar" it $as the first cable bridge in Europe and is famous for its slender" graceful lines. "he R#yal Palace: originally a castle from the 13th century" it $as reBbuilt as a magnificent residence for the monarchy in the 19th century and no$ houses the @ational ?allery. Parlia$e%t: the seat of the Hungarian government" building began in 1##C and finished in 190C. Chai% Bri !e: the first permanent link bet$een 3uda and 7est" it $as the brainchild of Istv.n ):0chenyi and $as designed and built by t$o 3ritish engineers" both named %lark. "he Cita el a% &iberati#% $#%u$e%t: a Habsburg fortress on the highest hill of the -anube bank" $ith the statue commemorating the release of Hungary from @a:i domination at the end of the ;orld ;ar II. Her#e's ()uare: flanked by the Dine 'rts ,useum and the 'rt ?allery" the central column carries the ,illenium ,onument and stands in front of a semiBcircle of statues of great historical figures. Mar!aret *sla% : in the middle of the -anube" and nearly t$o miles long" it is a spacious and varied leisure park $ith its o$n spa. "he +isher$e%'s Basti#%: visitors are usually ama:ed to learn that this $as only built in 1903. It offers eEcellent vie$s of the city.

,-R. 1.

Fobs are traditionally divided up into t$o large categories5 blue collar and $hite collar. 3lue collar 6obs are generally the manual labour type" such as factory $ork" road cre$s" building and construction" etc. &he $hite collar 6obs are the office 6obs such as bank clerks" office $orkers" teachers" computer operators" etc. &hey are called blue and $hite collar because of the colour of the shirt traditionally $orn in those 6obs. ;earing a uniform is still required for numerous 6obs" such as police officers" hotel doormen" nurses and many others. ;hile many 6obs have regular hours G typically 9 a.m. to C p.m." and called HnineBtoBfiveI 6obs G some require shift $ork. &here is usually a hierarchy in a $ork place" and at the top is employer" usually called the boss" $ho is generally a type of eEecutive of manger. 3elo$ this are other supervisors and then the other employees. )ometimes there is a labour union in the $ork place to protect the rights of the $orkers. DullBtime 6obs mean that you $ork # hours a day. If you have a partBtime 6ob" you $ork less" usually A or J hours a day. Employer can $ork more G t$o or three G shifts. &here are dayB or nighshift and s$ing shift too. dd 6ob is valid to occasions or seasons" for eEample" sno$ scoop in $inter or farmhand in summer. )ome people have more 6obs called accumulation" such as the politicians. It4s possible that they have other functions beside the function of political. )alaries are fiEed monthly payments especially for professional employees or people $orking in an office. &hese days a lot of young people $ould like to become la$yers or economists" or they $ould like to find a 6ob in connection $ith computer science. &he main reason $hy these 6obs are so popular is that they are $ellBpaid. ,ost young people $ould like to $ork for a big company and get a company car" a mobile phone and a laptop" and $here they can travel abroad on business. &here are some young people $ho choose a popular 6ob" no matter $hether they are interested in that field or not. thers try to find $ork that suits their abilities and interest. &here are families $here the parents tell their children $hat to become. @o$adays it4s easier to gain admission to an institution of higher education" but it4s more difficult to find a lucrative 6ob after graduation. &here are many more students in higher education than some years ago" so the 6ob market is getting full.

,-R. 2.
In my opinion" a good 6ob must be challenging and motivating. I $ould like to $ork $ith people and help them. It4s very important for me to en6oy $hat I do and be a member of a good team.

Employee provides 6ob security" good salary and fringe benefits" such as free health insurance" travel subsidies and sports facilities. ' good employer constantly tries to motivate the employees and creates ideal $orking conditions. He or she should organi:e activities for the employees outside $ork" like sightseeing tours and evening programmes. ' good employee is efficient" loyal to the employer and reliable. He or she has to adapt to changing $ork conditions and has to be able to cooperate $ith others. ;omen have become more careerBoriented. &hey don4t have to stay at home and look after their children as there are crKches and nursery schools. &hey can take care of house$ork more easily because there are labourBsaving household devices. 'nother reason $hy they go to $ork is that the family needs the money. I think $e don4t have to choose bet$een family and career if $e can map out and $e have family support. In my opinion the middleBaged and elderly people are at a disadvantage $hen they are looking for a 6ob because most companies advertise 6obs for people under 3C. In turn these people can $ork very $ell and they don4t have to go on sick leave because they haven4t got little children. 'ccording to the la$" $omen and men get the same salary for the same 6ob" but as far as I kno$" especially in blueBcollar 6obs" $omen are paid less because they are considered $eaker than men. &raditionally there are men4s 6obs and $omen4s 6obs. Dor eEample" turners are mostly men" and kindergarten teachers are mostly $omen. &he most frequent reason is that an employee is made redundant and has to find another 6ob. He or she has to leave either because the firm goes bankrupt or closes do$n" or because the employer is not satisfied $ith his or her $ork. &here might be family reasons as $ell. )ome people have to change 6obs because of their health. &here are people $ho change for a betterBpaid 6ob or a 6ob $ith better benefits. ther change 6obs 6ust because their tasks have become monotonous and they need a change.

,-R. /.
+nfortunately" in today4s economic hard times a lot of people don4t have 6obs and can4t find the kind of $ork they $ere trained for. &hese people are unemployed" and it4s sad to say their numbers are gro$ing. If I4m search of a 6ob I ask my friends $hether they kno$ about vacancies. I read 6ob advertisement" surf the net and go to a 6ob agent. I found all of my 6obs by &op)ec" so I4m pleased $ith them. Dirstly I called this

company" $e made an appointment" and $ent to the office $ith my %L. I $as done some eEercises and talked a lot. &hey took on me to their database" and after a $eek they called me that I could go to an appraisal intervie$. It $as successful. ' %L contains personal details" such as the candidate4s name" address" phone number" nationality" date of birth and marital status. Mou must give details of your education and qualifications" your previous eEperience" your language and other skills. Mou may also include a list of your interests. It4s advisable to add names of people $ho can provide references. )ome people think that their life $ill be easier and more interesting abroad. &hey also hope to earn much more money than in Hungary" but they might not consider that life is more eEpensive abroad. &he advantages of $orking abroad are that you can learn the local language" get to kno$ interesting people" and acquire the most recent technologies. 7robably you earn more" although your eEpenditures can be higher too. &he disadvantages include that you might feel like an outsider" have language problems and find the people around you and their customs strange. Mou might often feel lonely as you are far from your family and friends.

(P-R"