Jabatan Kejuruteraan Loji dan Automotif Fakulti Kejuruteraan Mekanikal dan Pembuatan Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia

Tutorial 6 Mixtures BDA 3043 Thermodynamics II Winardi Sani

A vessel of volume 0.4 m3 contains 0.45 kg CO and 1 kg of air, at 15 C. Calculate: (a) The partial pressure of each component (b) The total pressure in the vessel The gravimetric analysis of air is to be taken as 23.3 % O2 and 76.7 % of N2 . Take the molar mass of CO, O2 , and N2 as 28, 32, and 28 kg/kmol, respectively.

A mixture of 1 kmol CO2 and 3.5 kmol of air is contained in a vessel at 1 bar and 15 C. The volumetric analysis of air can be taken as 21 % O2 and 79% N2 . Calculate for the mixture: (a) (b) (c) (d) The masses of CO2 , O2 , N2 , and the total mass The percentage carbon content by mass The molar mass and the specic gas constant for the mixture The specic volume of the mixture

(MC = 12, MO2 = 32 , MN2 = 28 kg/kmol, R = 8.3145 kJ/kmol K)

Moist air enters a duct at 10 C, 80 % RH, and a volumetric ow rate of 150 m3 /min. The mixture is heated as it ows through the duct and exits at 30 C. No moisture is added or removed, and the mixture pressure remains approximately constant at 1 bar. For steady-state operation, (a) (b) (c) (d) Sketch on T s diagram the heating process, and determine The rate of heat transfer, in kJ/min The relative humidity at the exit. Compare your result with the psychrometric chart analysis
. Q
1 2

moist air

T = 10 oC RH = 80% p = 1 bar control volume

. V = 150 m 3/min

T = 30 oC

Moist air at 30 Cand 50% RH enters a dehumidier operating at steady state with a volumetric ow rate of 280 m3 /min. The moist air passes over a cooling coil and water vapor condenses. Condensate exits the humidier saturated at 10 C. Saturated moist air exits in a separate stream at the same temperature. There is no a signicant loss of energy by heat transfer to the surroundings and pressure remains constant at 1.013 bar. Determine:

Jabatan Kejuruteraan Loji dan Automotif Fakulti Kejuruteraan Mekanikal dan Pembuatan Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (a) The mass ow rate of the dry air, in kg/min (b) The rate at which water is condensed, in kg per kg of dry air owing through the control volume (c) The required refrigerating capacity, in tons. (d) Compare your result with the psychrometric chart analysis

Cooling water leaves the condenser of a power plant and enters a wet cooling tower at 35 C at a rate of 100 kg/s. Water is cooled to 22 C in the cooling tower by air that enters the tower at 1 atm, 20 C, and 60 % RH, and leaves saturated at 30 C. Neglecting the power input to the fan, determine: (a) The volume ow rate of air into the cooling tower (b) The mass ow rate of the required makeup water

Saturated air leaving the cooling section of an air-conditioning system at 14 C at rate of 50 m3 /min is mixed adiabatically with the outside air at 32 C and 60 % RH at a rate of 20 m3 /min. Assuming that the mixture process occurs at a pressure of 1 atm, determine: (a) The specic humidity (b) The relative humidity (c) The DBT (d) The volume ow rate of the mixture. (Answers: 0.0122 kg/kg d.a; 89 %; 19.0 C; 70.1 m3 /min)

A small size cooling tower is designed to cool 5.5 litres of water per second , the inlet temperature is 44 C. The motor-driven fan induces 9 m3 /s of air through the tower and the power absorbed is 4.75 kW. The air entering the tower is at 18 C, and has a relative humidity of 60 %. The air leaving the tower can be assumed to be saturated and its temperature is 26 C. Assuming that the pressure throughout the tower is contant at 1.013 bar, and makeup water is added outside the tower, calculate: (a) The mass ow rate of makeup water required (b) The nal temperature of the water leaving the tower.

Two air streams are mixed steadily and adiabatically. The rst streams enters at 32 C and 40 % RH at a rate of 20 m3 /min, while the second stream enters at 12 C and 90% RH at a rate of 25 m3 /min. Assuming that the mixing process occurs at a pressure of 1 atm, determine: (a) The specic humidity (b) The relative humidity (c) The dry-bulb temperature (d) The volume ow rate of the mixture (Answers: 0.0096 H2 O/kg dry air; 63.4 %; 20.6 C; 45.0 m3 /min.)

Jabatan Kejuruteraan Loji dan Automotif Fakulti Kejuruteraan Mekanikal dan Pembuatan Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia

(M1) A room is lled with saturated moist air at 25 C and a total pressure of 100 kPa. If the mass of dry air in the room is 100 kg, the mass of water vapor is: (A) 0.52 kg. (B) 1.97 kg (C) 2.96 kg. (D) 2.04 kg (E) 3.17 kg (M2) A room contains 50 kg of dry air and 0.6 kg of water vapor at 25 C and 95 kPa total pressure. The relative humidity of air in the room is, in %: (A) 1.2 (B) 18.4 (C) 56.7 (D) 65.2 (E) 78.0 (M3) A room contains air at 30 C and a total pressure of 96.0 kPa with 75 % RH. The partial pressure of dry air is, in kPa: (A) 82.0 (B) 85.8 (C) 72.0 (D) 92.8 (E) 90.6 (M4) The air in a house is at 20 C and 50 % RH. Now the air is cooled at a constant pressure. The temperature at which the moisture in the air will start condensing is, in C: (A) 8.7 (B) 11.3 (C) 13.8 (D) 9.3 (E) 10.0 (M5) Air is cooled and dehumidied as it ows over the coils of a refrigeration system at 85 kPa from 30 C and a humidity ratio of 0.023 kg/kg dry air to 15 C and a humidity ratio of 0.015 kg/kg dry air. If the mass ow rate of dry air is 0.7 kg/s, the rate of heat removal from the air is, in kJ/s: (A) 5 (B) 10 (C) 15 (D) 20 (E) 25