1. Ramesh and Mahesh solve an equation.

In solving Ramesh commits a mistake in constant term

and finds the root 8 and 2. Mahesh commits a mistake in the coefficient of
x
and finds the roots
-9 and -1. Find the correct roots.
Sol. ake correct !roduct 8 2 1" + from Ramesh take correct !roduct 9 1 9 from Mahesh

2
" x Sx P + or
2
1" 9 " x x +

#orrect roots are 9.1.

2. Find the condition that the roots of the equation
2
" ax bx c + + $e such that
%&' (ne root is n times the other. %)' (ne root is three times the other.
%#' )oth roots are equal.
Sol. *et one root $e

then the other root +ill $e n

$, given condition.
Sum
b
n
a
+ or
( ) 1
b
a n

+
..%i'
-roduct
2 2
c c
n
a an
...%ii'
/o+
( )
( )
2
2 2
2
2
1
c b
an
a n

+
.
), %1' and %2'

( )
2
2
1 . nb ac n +
%)' -utting 0 n 1 the condition is
2
0 12 1 b ac
%#' -utting
11 n
the condition id
2
3 b ac ie.
2
3 " b ac
0. If the ratio of the roots of the equation
2
" lx nx n + + $e
4 p q
then !rove that
".
1
p q n
q p
+ +
Sol. 1
1 1
n n
+ ..%i'
p
q

...%ii'
5e have to !rove that
"
1
p q n
q p
_
_
+ +

,
,
/o+
p q
q p
_ _ _
+ +


,
, ,
( )
( )
6
6
n l n
n l l
+ _


,

".
1
p q n
q p
_ _
_
+ +

,
, ,
3.
3 0 2
2 3 2 21 " x x x x + + if t+o of its roots are equal in magnitude $ut o!!osite in sign.
Sol.
" +
$ut
2 + + +

2. +
*et
p +
and
q

7iven equation is equivalent to

( ) ( )
2 2
2 " x p x x q + +
#om!aring the coefficients1 +e get
31 2 2 21 p q p pq +
01 8 p q
and the, satisf,
21 pq
( ) ( )
2 2
0 2 8 " x x x +
Roots are 01 t and 2. i t
9. If
1 2 1
11 1 1....
n
a a a

are the
n
1
n
th roost of unit,1 then sho+ that ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
1 2 0 1
1 1 .... 1
n
a a a a a n

Sol. 5e have the identit,1
16
1 or 1 "
n n
x x
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
1 2 1
1 1 ..... 1
n
n
x x x a x a x a x p

:ifferentiate $oth sides +. r. t. ; ( )
1
1. 1 <
n
nx p x p

+
-utting
11 x
+e get ( ) ( ) ( )
1 2 1
1 1 .... 1 "
n
n a a a

+
2. Find k if the equations
2
3 11 2 " x x k + and
2
0 " x x k have a common root and o$tain the
common root for this value of k.
Sol. &s in =.11
2
1
18 2 1 k k

.%i'
( ) ( )
2
2 18 1 k k or ( ) 02 18 " k k +
" k
and 186 02.
8. If
1
are the roots of
2
" x px q + + and
1
are the roots of
2
"> x rx s + + evaluate
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1
in terms of !1q1r and s.
:educe the condition that the equations have a common root.
Sol. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 1 1 p q r s + +
( ) ( )
2 2
1 1 + + + +
] ]
( ) ( )
2 2
r s r s + + + +
.%i'
Since

is a root of
2
" x px q + +

2
p q + and similarl,
2
. p q
?ence from %1' +e have to evaluate the value of ( ) ( ) p q r s p q r s + + + +
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) r p q s r p q s 1 1
] ]
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
r p r p q s q s + +
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
r p q r p q s p q s +
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2
r p qr pq pq ps q s + 1 +
]
( ) ( ) ( )
2
q s p r qr ps ...%2'
In case the equation have a common root then

!t

and in either case
"or - "
and hence the given e;cretion is @ero
here fore from %2' the required condition is ( ) ( ) ( )
2
. q s p r qr ps
his condition can $e o$tained directl, also as in =.1.
8.
and
are the roots of
2
" ax bx c + + and ( )
2
1 1 1
1 f x a x b x c + +
then !rove that
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2
1 1 1 1 1 1 2
1
. f f c a ca ab a b bc b c
a
1

]
Sol. ( )
2
1 1 1
f a b c + +
or ( )
2
1 1 1
" a b c f + + 1
]
...%i'
&gain

is a root of
2
ax A " bx c +

2
" a b c + + ...%2'
Solving %1' and %2' $, cross multi!lication +e get
( ) ( )
2
1 1 1 1 1 1
1
b c bc bf ac ca af a b ab


+

( ) ( ) ( )
2
1 1 1 1 1 1
ac a c af a b ab b c bc bf 1 + 1
] ]
5riting a$ove as a quadratic in ( ) f

( ) ( ) [ ] ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2
1 1 1 1 1 1
" a f f ac a c a b ab b c bc 1 + +
]
&$ove sho+s that ( ) f
is a root os [ ] ( ) ( ) ( )
2
2 2
1 1 1 1 1 1
" a r t ac a c a b ab b c bc + + ..%1'
Similarl, +e can assume that ( ) f
+ill also $e a root of %1'. ?ence the roots of
t
quadratic
given $, %1' are ( ) ( ) and f f
.
( ) ( ) . f f
!roduct of roots %1'. (r ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2
1 1 1 1 1 1 2
1
. f f ac a c a b ab b c bc
a
1

]
..
%2'
It is same as given result if +e change the signs of $oth the last $rackets in the numerator. In case

or

$e a common root of ( )
2
" and f ; ax bx c + +
2
1 1
" a x b x c + + then ( ) ". f
?ence from %2'1 ( ) ( ) . " f f

( ) ( ) ( )
2
1 1 1 1 1 1
" ac a c a b ab b c bc or
( ) ( ) ( )
2
1 1 1 1 1 1
ac a c bc b c ab a b is the required condition.
9. If
1
are the roots of
2
"1 ax bx c + +
1
1
are the roots of
2
1 1 1
"1 a x b x c + + sho+ that
1
1
are
the roots of
2
1 1
1 1
1
".
x
x
b b b b
a a c c
+ +
+ +
Sol.
6 b a +
...%1'
6 c a
...%2'
1 1 1
6 b a
1 1 1
6 c a
...%3'
&dding %1' and %0'
1
1
1
.
b b
S
a a
+
..%9'
:ividing %1'$, %2' and %0' $, %3'1 +e get
1 1 b
c
+

and
1
1 1
1 1 b
c
+

&dding them1 +e get
1
1 1
1 1 b b
c c
+

or
1 1
1 1
b S b
P c c
+

...%2'

he equation is
2
" x xS P + or
2
".
x P
x
S S
+

/o+ use %9' and %2'

1". If the t+o roots of the equation ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2
2 3 2
1 1 1 1 " x x x x + + + + +
&re real and distinct then !rove that lies in the interval ( ) ( ) 1 2 21 .
Sol. ( ) ( ) ( )
2
3 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 x x x x x x x x + + + + + + ?ence the given equation is
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1 " x x x x x x
1
+ + + + + +
]

he first factor gives roots as
2
1 +hich
are imaginar,.
he, second factor is
2
2 2 2 " x x + or
2
1 " x x + +ill have t+o real distinct roots.

( ) ( )
2
3 " 2 2 " > + >

2 or B2 <

( ) ( ) 1 2 21