Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
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Organised by
Symbiosis Institute of International Business (SIIB) A Constituent of Symbiosis International University (SIU), Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, G.No. 174/1, Phase-1, Hinjewadi, Pune 411 057, Maharashtra State, India
Organizing Committee
Convener Ms. Manisha Ketkar Officiating Director, SIIB, Pune, India Email: convener@siibconference.in Organizing Committee Dr. Prakash Rao (prakash.rao@siib.ac.in) Dr. Yogesh Patil (yogesh.patil@siib.ac.in) Dr. Medha Joshi (medha.joshi@siib.ac.in) Dr. Sridhar Kundu (sridhar.kundu@siib.ac.in) Dr. Shubhasheesh Bhattacharya (shubhasheesh.bhattacharya@siib.ac.in) Dr. Anitha Pathak (anitha.pathak@siib.ac.in) Dr. Uma Devi Chollangi (umadevi.kouru@siib.ac.in) Organizing Secretary Dr. Jayati Chourey (jayati.chourey@siib.ac.in) Ms. Shilpa Kulkarni (shilpa.kulkarni@siib.ac.in)
Role of rural marketing in the economic development of emerging markets like India
Anita Sengar*, Kumkum Bharti, Vinay Sharma and Rajat Agrawal
Department of Management Studies, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667E-mail: anita.sengar@gmail.com, Contact: 91-9411160553 E-mail: kumkumbharti.iitr@gmail.com, vinnu871@gmail.com, rajatfdm@iitr.ernet.in Introduction Rural Marketing has been exercised with disparate understanding regardless of the geographies associated, but the explicit role it may play in terms of economic development of especially the emerging economies is well understood by now. Organizations have anticipation and high expectation from these markets, reasons being not only the promise they have but also the competitive pressures companies are facing in urban markets. This paper presents an understanding of prospects and challenges associated with rural markets and rural marketing in a systematic manner emphasizing upon the areas specifically to be addressed for capitalizing upon these markets. Methodology The paper is conceptual based on the review of academic literature and practices of rural marketing. The paper reflects our experience and views on prospects and challenges being faced by rural marketers and role rural marketing plays in economic development. Results and Discussion The paper intends to be suggestive of role rural marketing may play in the economic development of emerging economies. Prospects include education, health, energy, rural technology and agricultural advancements through rural marketing leading to economic development of these emerging markets whereas challenges varies from government policies, managerial challenges, acceptability of services to cultural disparity. Keywords: Challenges; Economic development; Emerging economies; Prospects; Rural marketing.
Institute of International Business, Symbiosis International University (SIU), Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Phase I, G. No. 174/1, Hinjewadi, Pune 411057, India Email: asmitachitnis@gmail.com 2Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Raipur, GEC Campus, Sejbahar, Old Dhamteri Road, Raipur - 492015 Email: vomkarin@yahoo.co.in Competition today, has become intense not only in business but also in sports. At times the performance of a sportsman is linked to her/his ability to earn endorsements and sponsorship from the corporate world. In the present work, we consider the performance assessment of professional lawn tennis players using a nonparametric approach called Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). DEA is known to measure relative performance of a business unit or an individual called Decision Making Unit (DMU). In this study, data of forty professional men tennis players are evaluated and their individual performance is assessed using the CRS-DEA model with output orientation. The input and output parameters considered are overall matches played, the number of grand slam matches played, ATP world tour masters 1000 played, overall matches won, number of grand slam matches won, number of ATP World Tour Masters 1000 won, number of tie breaks won, number of finals won, number of matches won in the deciding set, number of matches won after winning the first set and number of matches won after losing the first set. Finally, an attempt is made to compare the results obtained using DEA with those obtained by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP). Keywords: Data Envelopment Analysis; Lawn Tennis; Performance assessment
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Social media, a persuasive tool for pull marketing - Case studies of cosmetic and beauty brands
Neetu Singh
Department of Business Administration, Technical Education and Research Institute, P.G College, Ghazipur, Gautam Buddh Technical University, Lucknow Uttar Pradesh, India Email: neetu07singh@gmail.com Marketing that focuses on helping brands and organisation to be more easily discovered, is the next wave of marketing. Now a days customers are more towards trusting the result of their own pull searches. Pull marketing means that customer get exactly the information they are seeking to find, at the exact time they are looking for it, and they no longer feel, pushed towards a sale. Internet offers new ways to connect with customer. Traditionally, consumer used the internet to simply expend content: they read it, they watched it and, they used it to buy products and services. In present time consumers are utilising platform-such as content sharing sites, blogs, social networking. Social network have always existed, but now has taken new form through Internet and advent of social media. Today it is designed to persuade and motivate people to change their behaviour and attitude. In todays age consumers are researchers. They are much more discerning than they were 10 years ago. They read rating and reviews, and pay attention to the details. In such scenario it becomes essential for the marketer to utilize Pull marketing strategies to persuade brands. It requires building relationship with their consumers and brand credibility. Social media of any type would be considered pull marketing if it utilises persuasive strategies essential to increase the visibility of the brand and offer deal to people who want to see them. Keywords: Persuasive; Pull Marketing; Social Media; Social Networking
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Institute of International Business (SIIB), Hinjewadi, Pune 411057, India Email: manisha11.ketkar@gmail.com; manisha.ketkar@rediffmail.com, 2 Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Raipur, GEC campus, Sejbahar, Old Dhamteri Road, Raipur 492105, India Email: vomkarin@yahoo.co.in Various inventory related decisions, are made in industry, specifically, in the manufacturing sector. One of the most critical and crucial decisions is development of ordering policies. Usually the ordering policy decisions are made based on a classification scheme (like ABC). The paper attempts to look at the problems of inventory control, specifically the ordering policy from a broader perspective for input materials like raw / packing materials and/or components. Here we consider multiple classification schemes in order to enable the decision maker make a conscious and holistic decision. These schemes are assigned proper weights, considering the organizational vision and mission. The proposed approach is formulated in its simplest form by using a multi criteria decision making technique called SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) method. In this paper we explain the developed methodology along with an illustration. We propose the approach or methodology with no specific industry in mind, and hope this will help practicing manager, working in any business vertical. Keywords: Inventory classification; Inventory control and ordering policies; Multi criteria decision making technique (MCDM); SAW
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Study of consumer buying behavior of cars with special reference to small segment cars
Prachi Jain and Rajni Sinha
Amity College of Commerce and Finance, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida Email: pjain@amity.edu, rsinha@amity.edu Introduction In todays world, customer is considered to be the king of the market. To sell any product, there is a need to build a relationship with customer. For building a relationship, there is a need to know the consumer behavior and how will they be satisfied. Consumer behavior is the study of how individuals, groups, and organizations select, buy, use and dispose of goods, services, ideas, or experiences to satisfy their needs and wants. Marketers must fully understand both the theory and reality of consumer behavior. This research is undertaken to know the consumer behavior and the factors affecting the consumer behavior while making a purchase decision with regard to a car. There are many factors that stimulate and motivate a consumers decision like cultural (culture and subculture), social (reference groups, family, roles and status) and personal (age and stage in the life cycle, occupation and economic circumstances, personality and self-concept, lifestyle and values,) factors. It may not be possible to analyze each individual customer in depth with a view of identifying what makes them choose a particular brand and a particular segment of cars. Thus a marketer needs to know which one is the foremost factor so as to identify the most appropriate marketing strategy in an effort to target buying characteristics of consumers and thus ultimately retain the existing customers and attract the new ones. Methodology The study seeks to find out the consumers attitude towards buying of cars. Type of Research -The study undertaken is a Descriptive Research. Nature of Research -The study is quantitative in nature. It has been conducted through structured, standardized questionnaire. Results In current market scenario, respondents give maximum weightage to personal factors, then after that they consider cultural and social factors respectively. Successful marketing requires that companies fully connect with their customers. Adopting a holistic marketing orientation means understanding customers gaining a 360 degree view of both their daily lives and the changes that occur during their lifetime so that the right products are marketed to the right customers in the right way. Conclusion Marketers in the car segment must take steps to redesign, reposition and reprice their products and should continue to offer value to target customers. Keywords: 360 degree view, consumer behavior , questionnaire
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IIM Bangalore, Bangalore 560076, India IIT Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India 3IIM Udaipur, Udaipur, India
2SJMSOM,
In the unreliable newsboy problem, firms sometimes split their orders among multiple suppliers to manage supply risks. In this paper, we discuss how ordering time can be used to build supply chain flexibility to mitigate the supply risks of an unreliable newsboy. We consider a situation where a firm has an option of placing two sequential orders such that a new order is placed only after the yield from the previous order is known. An optimal order quantity for each ordering stage is derived by assuming a Bernoulli supply yield distribution. Managers can easily implement these closed form solutions in a computer to decide the order quantities. Our computational results suggest that the sequential ordering policy performs better than a simultaneous ordering strategy as it offers additional flexibility while placing the order.
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Emerging issues and challenges for HRM in public sectors banks of India
Shalini Shukla*
Research Scholar (JRF), Department of Business Administration (LUMBA), University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India Email- shuklashalini@ymail.com The Indian economy is one of the fastest growing economies in the world irrespective of non-conducive economics headwinds blowing globally. Indian Financial sector has undergone a rapid transformation since its inception. The competitive and deregulatory forces have brought about a perceptible shift in the customers expectation. HR poses the biggest challenge to the public sector banks in country India. Changes in technology, customer preferences, regulatory framework etc causes the need of radical shift in the HRM. This study is focused on the issue of major challenges faced by HR manager in Public Sectors Banks in India to cope with the environmental changes for competitiveness. Keywords: HRM; HR Challenges; Public Sector Banks
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Game on: A study of the phenomena of gamification and an empirical study of its impact on the youth in Manipal: Gamification and its impact on marketing and HR
Unnikrishnan Nair*, Vipin Vinod and Venkata Someswara Rao D.
T A Pai Management Institute, Manipal, Karnataka-576104, India Email: unnikrishnan.13@tapmi.edu.in, vipin.13@tapmi.edu.in, venkata.13@tapmi.edu.in The study reviews the literature for the phenomenon gamification, unravelling what constitutes gamification and how different it is from games. Moving ahead, we try to find the researched impact of gamification, which has been the major reason for gamification being touted as the next wave of engagement platform for consumers and employees alike. Reasons include accelerated feedback cycles, clear goals and rules of play, a compelling narrative, and challenging yet achievable goals. Further on, it demystifies the game mechanics Points, Levels, Challenges, Virtual Groups, Leadership Boards, Gifting and Charity which forms the basis for a gamified environment. Elements of its impact include on Key Performance Indicators, User Retention, Branding, Loyalty and Motivation is measured both through secondary research and re-emphasized through an empirical study on a youth sample (age 15-35 years) in Manipal, a cosmopolitan town in coastal Karnataka. Though boredom and relaxation still takes the cake for people using games, the aspects of challenge and experience is also having a good share in making people turn to games. Smart devices are also a small but significant reason. The entertainment sector demands gamification, followed by health and sports, information and news and education indicating the misnomer that play and work doesnt go together is still a widely held belief in the age group. However, there is a significant percentage of the youth which believe that games have helped them in better concentration and performance a very good basis for organizations to pursue gamification further in work and other environments. Keywords: Branding; Engagement; Gamification; Loyalty; Motivation
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Issues, challenges and strategies for management education: A comparison of BRICS nations
V.K. Nangia, Vinay Sharma and Ritika Mahajan*
Department of Management Studies, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India Email: vinaynangia@gmail.com, vinnu871@gmail.com, ritika6mahajan@yahoo.com Introduction One of the biggest challenges for businesses operating in the dynamic environment of today is the need of competent managers. Management education has played a pivotal role in developing these managers, who have shaped up organizations and businesses around the world. An important and a responsible thought associated with management education is its own management. The purpose and value of MBA (Master of Business Administration) degree has always been under the critics scanner (Pfeffer and Fong, 2002, 2004; Ghoshal, 2006, Khurana, 2007) but proliferation of institutes, driven by forces of globalization and liberalization, has risen serious questions on quality in education (Jagadeesh, 2000; Mintzberg, 2004). Therefore, it would be fruitful to investigate the quality of contemporary business education and its implications, especially for emerging economies like Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) which drive the growth engine of the world economy. Framework The paper will describe the changing Global and emerging market scenario, relevance and significance of management development for emerging economies, a comparative analysis of issues and challenges related to structure, policy, growth, design and delivery of management education in the BRICS nations and strategies to improve with emphasis on faculty retention, faculty development, functional literacy and academic excellence. Methodology The paper will be based on review of literature of BRICS nations and observations of the contemporary scenario substantiated by semi-structured, open ended interviews of a judgmental sample of experts from industry and academia. Conclusion The paper, on the whole, will document and analyze management education system in select emerging economies in the backdrop of its role and significance in these countries. Keywords: BRICS, Emerging economies, Management Education References: Jagadeesh, R. (2000), Assuring quality in management education: the Indian context, Quality Assurance in Education, Vol. 8 No. 3, 110 119. Khurana, R. (2007), From Higher Aims to Hired Hands: The Social Transformation of American Business Schools and the Unfulfilled Promise of Management as a Profession, Princeton University Press, Princeton. Mintzberg, H. (2004), Managers not MBAs, Barrett-Koehler, San Francisco. Pfeffer, J. and Fong, C. T. (2004), The business school business: Some lessons from the US experience, Journal of Management Studies, Vol. No.8, pp. 1501-1520. Pfeffer, J. And Fong, C.T. (2002), The End of Business Schools? Less Success Than Meets the Eye, Academy of Management Learning & Education, Vol. 1 No.1, pp.78-95. Ghoshal, S. (2005), Bad Management Theories are Destroying Good Management Practices, Academy of Management Learning and Education, Vol. 4 No. 1, pp. 7591.
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Customer experience management: An exploratory study on the parameters affecting customer experience for cellular mobile services of a telecom company
Sujata Joshi
Symbiosis Institute of Telecom Management (SITM), Symbiosis International University (SIU), Symbiosis Knowledge Village, Near Lupin Research Laboratory, Village Lavale, Pune 411042, India Email: sjoshi@sitm.ac.in The cellular mobile industry in India is undergoing rapid changes as a result of globalization and liberalization. It has now become the world's most competitive market as well as one of the fastest growing telecom markets in the world. Customer retention is one of the most important challenges faced by telecom companies today. According to Gartner, Indian cellular operators face the highest churn rates compared to their counterparts in Asia pacific Region .The monthly churn rates for India range from 3.5 per cent to 6 per cent. Thus, it is essential to develop effective methods to retain the existing customers for any telecom operator which includes two major steps. One is identifying the revenue earning customer and second is managing the customer experience and customer value for the revenue earning customers. Customer experience is defined as the sum of all experiences that a customer has at every touch-point of the customer-company relationship. It is an intentional effort on the part of the company to develop and maintain good experience which is differentiated from the competition, consistent at every touch point and most importantly valued by the customer. Methodology This exploratory study aims at understanding the parameters that affect customer experience for cellular mobile services. .Exploratory interviews were conducted on 536 customers using cellular mobile services. Factor analysis was conducted to find out the factors which affect customer experience for the cellular services offered by telecom companies. Based on the studys results implications for the cellular mobile service operators are offered. Key findings The research indicated five factors which affect customer experience out of which excellent customer care service and service delivery as promise come out as the major factors that affect customer experience. Keywords: Consumer Behavior, Customer experience management, Customer retention, Marketing , Strategy.
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Indian renaissance in 21st century: Management education, thoughts and practices for betterment of business, nation and society
Shubhasheesh Bhattacharya1* and Sonali Bhattacharya 2
1Symbiosis
Institute of International Business (SIIB), Symbiosis International University (SIU), Phase-I, Hinjewadi, Phase-I, Pune- 411057, India 2Symbiosis Centre for Management and Human Resource Development (SCMHRD), Symbiosis International University (SIU), Plot 15, Phase-I, Hinjewadi, Pune 411057, India Phone: 91-020-22934304/05 Extn 332 Email: shubhasheesh.bhattacharya@siib.ac.in, sonali_bhattacharya@scmhrd.edu The paper talks about the glorious past of the Indian ethos, management thoughts and practices, the current situation in India and the suggested roadmap for future to regain the past glory. Governance of the country is influenced and affected by the political, social, environmental factors and Youth Activism; which suggests that there is a strong link between the values of the people, their actions and the quality of governance. Quality of Governance of the country is the indicator of the maturity and well-being of the society. A new conceptual model has been suggested showing the linkage between youth activism and quality of governance, determining the health of the society. The model is prepared based on evidences from India. The focus of the paper is the need to impart quality management education embedded with universal values, for betterment of business, nation and society. Key Words: Indian ethos; universal values; youth activism; governance; society
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A strategic resource management model: Case study to benchmark the performance of two generalized retailers in India viz. Shoppers Stop Ltd. and Trent Ltd.
Aradhana Gandhi 1* and Ravi Shankar 2
1Symbiosis 2Department
Centre for Management and Human Resource Development (SCMHRD), Pune, India of Management Studies, I.I.T. Delhi, New Delhi, India
The paper aims to use strategic resource management model, a framework for evaluating the performance of two generalized retailers in India that is Shoppers Stop Ltd. and Trent Ltd. This framework is of immense help in benchmarking, planning and executing alternative inventory, space and people strategies. And therefore, the paper throws insights in terms of strategies to improve these two retailers performance. In the second part of the study, the Indian retailers Shoppers stop and Trent are benchmarked with the number one retailer in the world Wal-Mart using the Strategic Resource Management Model. This study helps to understand the areas where the two Indian retailers can work on to improve their performance.
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Track 2: Markets
The twin forces of liberalization and globalization have transformed the global markets in the last two decades. Envisioning the rise of the global markets amidst the challenges and adversities that surrounded them, and emphasizing the importance of a good understanding of these markets, this track is a great start to an intellectual exchange of ideas on the various markets viz. financial markets, consumer market, retail markets, Industrial markets, external trade, commodity markets, foreign exchange markets, etc. In the last ten years, we witness the emerging markets as players in re-shaping the global competitive landscape. Their strong export economies and high productivity gains have led to burgeoning savings and accumulation of foreign reserves. Some emerging economies have turned into a net creditor nation relative to the mature economies.
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Examining efficiency and effectiveness of Indian Banks: Two stage network data envelopment analysis approach
Dipasha Sharma, Anil K Sharma and Mukesh K Barua
Department of Management Studies, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee, Roorkee - 247667, India. Email: dips2ddm@iitr.ernet.in, dipashasharma20@gmail.com,anilfdm@ iitr.ernet.in, baruafdm@iitr.ernet.in Introduction Any organization is said to be well performed within its peer group when the efficient use of resources to produce output meets effective channelization of output in term of true economic wealth or income creation. With this, our objective of study is to examine the performance of Indian banks with the evaluation of their efficiency to produce maximum output using given level of resources and further to check the effectiveness of their efficient production of output to generate true market or economic wealth for stakeholders. Methodology First to examine the efficiency we have set of inputs and outputs defined as per intermediation approach of banking, secondly to check effectiveness of outputs produced in an efficient manner will serve as inputs and economic wealth and market wealth will be final output at this stage. Finally we will evaluate the true performance of Indian banks linking efficiency and effectiveness using inputs of efficiency stage as resources; outputs of efficiency stage as intermediary and market value and shareholder wealth representing effectiveness as final output. We will follow two stage networks Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach in our study. Total deposits, Interest expenses and non-interest expenses will be treated as inputs, interest income, noninterest income and loans as intermediary whereas market value added (MVA), Economic Value Added(EVA) and annual market return will be our final outputs. We will have only listed Indian banks for the period 2002-03 to 2011-12 as we are considering market return to reflect performance of banking units. Results Our results will translate a new performance measure derived from linkage of efficiency and effectiveness of Indian banks. This will serve as a guideline to managers to evaluate performance of banking units and further will help policymakers for banking reforms but most importantly it will be helpful to investors and guide for value and wealth creation of invested capital. Keywords: Efficiency, Effectiveness, Indian banks, Two stage network Data Envelopment Analysis
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Evaluation of currency futures market and its impact on the market volatility in India
Meenal Annachhatre
Symbiosis School of Economics (SSE), Symbiosis International University (SIU), Pune - 411004, Maharashtra, India Email: meenal.annachhatre@sse.ac.in Introduction Currency Futures means a standardized foreign exchange derivative contract traded on a recognized stock exchange to buy or sell one currency against another on a specified future date, at a price specified on the date of contract, but does not include a forward contract. Currency Futures market means the market in which currency futures are traded. Currency futures, as a financial derivative were first created at the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) in 1972. In India, NSE was the first stock exchange, permitted by the SEBI, to set up its separate currency derivatives segment. Standardized currency futures trading started on 28th August, 2008 in NSE Similarly, the BSE and MCX started trading the currency futures from 1st and 7th October, 2008 respectively. The main objective of currency derivatives is to hedge the currency risk and introduction of currency futures in Indian foreign exchange market has given a wider option to the corporate to safeguard their currency exposure. There are few countries namely Mexico, Brazil, South Korea, India who have introduced currency futures without having achieved the fuller capital account convertibility. In fact IMF, IFC have recommended the exchange listed derivatives to these countries to promote macro-economic stability and to facilitate risk control for financial intermediaries and economic entities. After introducing the exchange traded currency futures, many markets claim the reduction in the volatility of the foreign exchange market significantly. Objective The main objective of this research paper is to understand and analyze the growth trajectory and evaluation of the currency futures market in India and the participation of currency futures in the volatility of the trading system. It also focuses on the change in the regulatory authority of one of the hedging tool of the foreign exchange market in India as compare to the central banks (RBI in case of India) traditional and world -wide accepted role of the regulatory body for the foreign exchange market transactions. Methodology The main theme of this paper is to study and analyze the evolution and growth path of the currency futures in India and the change in the volatile nature of the Indian foreign exchange market thereby. The plan and structure of the investigations undertaken is of exploratory in nature, to seek an answer to the research problem. With the exploration method, the researcher would be in a better position to identify the research problem more clearly through data analysis. It would also enable to study and established relationships between independent as well as dependent variables affecting currency movements. For exploration to be more scientific and meaningful the researcher has collected primary data through structured questionnaire and unstructured interviews. The secondary data is obtained mainly from various published sources like APDIR circulars of RBI and various currency and finance reports brought out by the RBI, Periodicals, Journals, the Nifty site etc. Results 1. Very positive response to the introduction of currency futures by Indian corporate. 2. Analyzed data supports to the increase in the volatility of the spot market after introducing the currency futures. 3. The exchanges are self-regulated entities almost all over the world. In India, the Securities regulator and the central bank jointly regulate and supervise the exchange barring few issues. 36
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Efficiency of Indian drug and pharmaceutical industry using data envelopment analysis
Varun Mahajan*, D.K. Nauriyal and S.P. Singh
Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee, Roorkee -247667, Uttarakhand, India Email: mahajan.varun85@gmail.com, singh2006_hss@yahoo.co.in, dk_nauriyal@yahoo.com The industry today is in the front rank of Indias science-based industries with wide ranging capabilities in the complex field of drug manufacture and technology. The scenario for the pharmaceutical sector has changed significantly after Product Patent Act, 2005. In this context, it would be interesting to study efficiencies of each Indian pharmaceutical firm especially after signing of TRIPS. This paper attempts to measure technical efficiencies of Indian pharmaceutical firms for the year 2010-11 through Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) technique, using salaries & wages, raw material cost, energy input and capital as input variables and total output as output variable. The data have been taken from CMIE Prowess database. The DEA models can generally take two forms viz., input-oriented and output-oriented. Output-oriented model was applied. It is observed that the output variable has statistically significant correlation with the inputs. Standard CCR and BCC models have been applied to measure OTE, PTE and SE for the individual pharmaceutical firms. The study suggests that, on an average, pharmaceutical firms have the scope for increasing their output by 1/4th without any change in inputs. The study also analyzed the slacks which were found to be significant in output. The sample has also been subdivided into the firms with high and low export intensity it can be observed that highly export-intensive firms were more efficient than low export-intensive firms. Both OTE and PTE scores of such firms were higher than other firms. The most plausible reason for this could be that the firms having higher stakes in the export than the domestic market may have the compulsion and resources for adopting better processes, production technologies and good manufacturing practices due to their obligations to meet FDA and similar kinds of approvals required for exporting pharma products to overseas markets. The study also suggests that foreign firms were better performers than the Indian firms. Private foreign firms appeared to be the most efficient due to their business in branded drugs which have greater margin than generic drugs. Keywords: Efficiency, Export-intensity, Ownership, Pharmaceutical, Slack
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Track 3: Trade
The impact of international trade flows on a nations economy, polity and society are greater today than ever before. The last three decades have witnessed an enormous increase in the degree of integration in the world economy that has deeply penetrated the economic, political and social framework of countries. The implications of greater trade liberalization and increasing cross-border capital flows between countries is felt across a range of actors in the international political economy ranging from industry, farmers, consumers, small scale businesses and non-governmental organizations. Regional trade agreements (RTAs) today cover half of international trade, alongside the multilateral agreements under the WTO (World Trade Organization), encompassing a wide range of areas including investment, intellectual property rights, agriculture, and services. The deep integration of countries in the global trading system also means that trade shocks could have a disproportionately negative impact, particularly on developing economies. The impasse in the WTO Doha talks, economic and financial crisis of 2008, or events such as the interruption of oil supplies from Libya or the Japanese earthquake and tsunami can all hit the exports of developing countries particularly hard. Currently, analysts predict a slowdown in world trade due to various shocks including the European sovereign debt crisis. The trade track welcomes papers that focus on socio-economic and political issues concerning the composition and direction of trade and shifting patterns of trade on countries. We invite papers that address, from a variety of theoretical and empirical perspectives, the relationship between trade and development in terms economic growth, political stability and social change. In addition to quantitative research of trade patterns, protectionism and obstacles to trade, we also invite papers that focus on qualitative analysis of the socio-political dimensions of trade. In sum, we hope to engage in constructive dialogue to understand the effects of international trade on domestic policies in a multidisciplinary manner.
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Track 4: Sustainability
In recent times the world has been witnessing major changes in the environmental space through a series of events which have threatened to disturb the very fabric of human society and development. Efforts by various national and international organizations and the international community over the past few decades have tried to resolve some of the global environmental problems and issues through international agreements with moderate success. The changing world order coupled with economic growth in emerging markets and opening up of international trade markets has also been cited as drivers of environmental change and impacts. Various trends in recent years seem to only suggest that there is likelihood of serious deterioration of our natural assets which are critically necessary to sustain human societies and economies. Rising energy consumption, consumption patterns and urbanization in the developed and developing economies has led to constant evaluation of the climate change scenario and its impacts, and the ability to restrict our global temperatures. According to the Living Planet Report 2010 at the present rate of consumption, the world might need a second earth to sustain its resources! The forthcoming Rio+20 Summit in June 2012 is expected to deliberate on some of the major environmental threats facing us and takes policy initiatives towards achieving sustainable development. It is important that the comity of nations, civil society, business entities and scientists get together to drive our efforts toward planetary stewardship through collective understanding of the major issues in sustainability and development.
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of Environmental Studies, 2Department of Economics, St. Xaviers College, 30 Park Street, Kolkata - 700 016, West Bengal, India Email: sxavi2005@gmail.com, slcvarty69@gmail.com Introduction Global Warming is the steady and continuous rise of the average temperature of the Earth surface along with the alterations in the radiation balance of the earthatmosphere system and its natural consequences. The Third Assessment Report (TAR) of the IPCC mentioned that the temperature of the earths surface has increased by about 0.60C in the 20th century which by 21st century is expected to increase by 1.60 C to 2.00C. In this paper we have focused on the problem faced by India due to the continuous rise of temperature and the possible solutions. Methodology The Ricardian Approach has been favoured against Crop Modeling method in this paper to evaluate the effect of climatic change on rice and wheat. We have formed a mathematical equation with net productivity (NPR) as a dependent variable and thereby both linear and quadratic changes of temperature and rainfall have been considered along with desirable control variables. The period of analysis is from 1950 to 2010 and region wise the analysis is carried out for twelve states i.e. whether the agricultural output is affected by the changing nature of climate sensitivity or not, the two agricultural items selected are rice and wheat. The Hausman Test estimates allow us to select the fixed effects (FE) against the random effect (RE). The results clearly tell us about increasing negative climatic change on agricultural output; the intensity of which increased in the post liberaisataion period. There after spatial correlation carried out on the fixed effects improved the efficiency of climatic sensitivity results. Eventually, Clines ideas have been used to project about the future where we have analysed for the period 2020-2050 under various temperature and precipitation scenario. Results & Discussion Thus we get three strong results increasing negative climatic changes on Indian Agriculture, presence of climatic sensitivity on rice and wheat, intensity of such changes lowered with the inclusion of spatial auto correlation. We have simulated and found out the impacts on net productivity if there are different changes in temperature and precipitation. With global warming rising, various policy implications can be considered. We can go for mitigation which refers to minimizing the possible dangers in the future which would imply lowering emissions and depending more on cleaner fuels. The other policy would be to embrace adaptation to climatic changes. The third method is the policy of reengineering of the future climate that would allow the lowering of CO2 from the atmosphere. Conclusion Agronomic research hints that rise in temperatures will have harmful impacts on many crops. The rise in temperature of the atmosphere are likely to affect the production of rice, thereby affecting the major rice growing countries of the Asian sub-continent, India being no exception. Keywords: Climate sensitivity, Clines ideas, Hausman test, Net productivity. Reference Cline, W. (2007), Global Warming and Agriculture: Impact Estimates by Country, Washington D.C., Peterson Institute. Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune.( Temperature data) IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change), (1992): The First Assessment Report, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 47
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Roles and challenges faced by the textile industry for the sustainable development in India
Preetha Leena and Initha Rina R.
Research Scholars in Management Studies, Bharathiar University, Coimbtore, India Email: preethaallwinson@gmail.com, initha1978@gmail.com The textile industry occupies a unique place in the economy of our country because of its contribution to the industrial output, foreign exchange earnings and for the employment generation. It is Indias second largest employers only after agriculture providing direct employment to 38 million people, primarily the weaker sections. Textile products are produced, distributed, traded and used worldwide. It has a unique position in India as a self-reliant industry, from the production of raw materials to the delivery of finished products, with substantial value-addition at each stage of processing. The textile manufacturing process is characterized by the high consumption of resources like water, fuel and a variety of chemicals in a long process sequence that generates a significant amount of waste. The common practices of low process efficiency result in substantial wastage of resources and a severe damage to the environment. The main environmental problems associated with textile industry are typically those associated with water pollution caused by the discharge of untreated effluents. Other environmental issues of equal importance are air pollution, excessive noise and odour. A qualitative assessment of sustainability in the textile manufacturing chain is therefore extremely important to help the textile industry benefit from better environmental practices. The aim of this paper is to present the innovative business practices inspired by the principles of sustainable development and also investigates the impact of textiles throughout the supply chain, starting with the raw fibre through to fabric production, consumption and disposal. Keywords: Environment Management System; Ecological and Social Problems of the Textile Chain; Sustainable Development; Textile Industry
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An inventory model for time varying deterioration and price dependent quadratic demand with salvage
R. Mohan
F-Civil, Department of Mathematics, College of Military Engineering, Pune 400011, India Email: mohan_rayappan@yahoo.co.in A deterministic inventory model is developed for deteriorating items when the demand rate is assumed to be a function of price which is quadratic in nature and the deterioration rate is proportional to time. The model is solved when no shortages occur in inventory. Later, the case of salvage is discussed. The sensitivity of the model is discussed with a numerical example. Keywords: Quadratic demand, deterioration rate, price dependent models, shortages
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A novel, integrated and sustainable approach for the removal precious metal complex from industrial waste matrices using low-cost inactive biomass
Yogesh Patil* and Prakash Rao Department of Energy and Environment, Symbiosis Institute of International Business (SIIB), Symbiosis International University (SIU), Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, G. No. 174/1, Phase-1, Hinjewadi, Pune - 411 057, Maharashtra, India Email: yogesh.patil@siib.ac.in, prakash.rao@siib.ac.in Introduction Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) like electroplating, printed circuit board manufacturing and jewellery units emanate large-volume low-tenor effluents containing precious metal complexes like silver-cyanide (Vapur et al., 2005). Cyanide and silver content in these waste matrices ranges from 5-25 and 1-7 mg/L, respectively. The statutory benchmarks for cyanide is 0.2 mg/L, while for silver the limits do not exist. Since cyanide is toxic and silver being precious metal, non-renewable and finite resource; their complete removal and recovery from effluents is the key. Recovery of silver-cyanide by conventional means is either not possible and/or very expensive. Biological approaches by employing live biomass microorganisms are subject to toxicity. Therefore, removal of such precious metal-complexes fom waste requires immediate attention. Biosorption approach using inactive low-cost biomass has immense potential of becoming efficient and economical alternative through which lost resource could be recovered and recycled. Overview focuses on utilisation of live biomass (Gaddi and Patil, 2011; Patil and Paknikar, 2000). Far less attention has been paid on the use of lowcost waste biomaterials. The present study attempts to employ some potential low-cost biomaterials for the management of silver-cyanide containing waste and proposes a sound cutting edge model for the same. Methodology Twenty-eight different low-cost biomaterials from diverse sources were collected and were processed/prepared for biosorption studies on silver-cyanide. Batch equilibration approaches were followed according to the method of Gaddi & Patil (2011). Diverse process variables were studied for efficient removal of targeted complex. Based on the feasbililty studies, the authors developed an integraed and sustainable model for the management of waste emanted from SMEs. Results and Discussion Screening of low-cost biomass showed that most of biomass efficient removal of silver-cyanide from waste matrices at acidic conditions. On the basis of their maximum uptake values at optimum acidic conditions and loading capacity, selection of the biomass was further narrowed down to Rice Husk and Eicchornia root biomass. Loading capacity of both the biomass was highly competitive and comparable with that of conventional materials. Diverse variables used were optimized. The data obtained conformed to the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption models (R2 =>0.98). Sodium hydroxide was found to be efficient desorbing agent (>95%). Study also showed that recovery of lost resource from industrial waste matrices has potential for its use as a raw material for industry with simultaneous reduction in the demand for natural resources. Novelty and Conclusion Low-cost biomaterials viz. Rice husk and Eichornia root biomass were found to be an efficient biosorbents of silver-cyanide and has immense potential as biosorbents of becoming an economical and reliable alternative to conventional processes employed on commercial scale. Keywords: Industrial waste; Low-cost biomass; Silver-cyanide; SMEs; Sustainability References Gaddi SS & Patil YB (2011) International Journal of Chemical Sciences 9(3):1063-1072 54
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The economic crisis is evidently a stumbling block for the acceptance and ratification of environmental agreements the problem is that compliance with technology which is environmentally-sustainable is often more costly. On the other hand, rapid economic growth is always accompanied by different actors coming together to oppose debate on associated environmental implications. The societies need to manage three types of capital viz. Social, economic and natural for sustainable development. With the tourism sector facing pressure from key source markets, high borrowing rates and policy dilemma on infrastructure development, industry players have called for positioning it as a key growth pillar. Ecotourism can be one of the best options as far as rural development is concern. Investment in these types of projects helps protect the health of families, improve our environment, and expand communities' economic opportunities - something can be called a win-win-win." The global economy stands on the threshold of the next phase- sustainable and inclusive globalization. To achieve Millennium Development Goals we need to adopt innovative plus ecofriendly strategy of development and i.e. Ecotourism, one of the most important segment of tourism industry, can be sustainable environmental solution. Keywords: Ecotourism, Infrastructure development, Innovation, Managing capital, Sustainable development
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of Management Studies & 3Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee - 247667, India Email: yusuffdm@iitr.ernet.in, praveeng23@gmail.com, kazmifce@iitr.ernet.in, vinodmehta8383@gmail.com Purpose The aim of this paper is to provide a model to assess the corporate sustainability performance of Cement Industry. Design/methodology/approach An analytical hierarchy process model is proposed to measure sustainability performance with a view to provide the area of improvement in future. The triple bottom line concept is used for the development of hierarchy of corporate sustainability. The two stages of the approach selection and prioritization of sustainability performance indicators are adopted. A case study of is also presented. Findings On the basis of developed model corporate sustainability performance of case company is assessed. The model developed in this study support the managers to evaluate the sustainability performance of their companies. The selection of performance indicators is a very critical stage in the model development. Case study reveals a positive growth in sustainability performance of case company. Result and Discussion The developed model would be helpful in different companies for comparative assessment. This model will provide guidelines for the sustainability assessment purpose in different sector. This model will be helpful for the practitioners and investors to assess the sustainability performance of particular company they are interested in. The indicators used in the sector can modify according to the sector requirement. Originality/value The model will be helpful in developing a benchmark useful to assess the performance of companies and its contribution towards planets health. Keywords: Analytical Hierarchy Process, Cement Industry Corporate Sustainability assessment References Neely, A., Gregory, M. and Platts, K. (1995), "Performance Measurement System Design: A Literature Review and Research Agenda", International Journal of Operations & Production Management, Vol. 15 No.4, pp.80-116 Sikdar, S.K. (2003), "Sustainable development and sustainability metrics", AICHE. Journal, Vol. 49, pp.1928-32 WBSCD, (2002), Towards a Sustainable Cement Industry, Available at: www.wbcsd.org/web/publications/batelle-full.pdf (accessed on 20th April. 2011) WCED, (1987), Our Common Future, Oxford University Press, Oxford
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Are the non-renewable resource utilization and waste management practices employed in Indian automobile sector sustainable?
Shilpa Kulkarni*, Prakash Rao and Yogesh Patil
Symbiosis Institute of International Business (SIIB), Symbiosis International University (SIU), Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, G. No. 174/1, Phase-1, Hinjewadi, Pune - 411 057, Maharashtra, India Email: shilpa.kulkarni@siib.ac.in, yogesh.patil@siib.ac.in, prakash.rao@siib.ac.in Introduction Growth in automobile sector is an indicator of good economy (SIAM, 2011). Post liberalization, India has opened doors for various businesses and automobile sector in particular has benefited due to foreign investment on Indian soil. The industry has grown into leaps and bounds. As per Nomura Analysts, global automobile demand will continue to rise despite marked disparities between regions. Auto sales volumes will likely climb 6% in 2013 as against 4% in 2011 (KPMG, 2011). Since the automobile industries make use of and give rise to hazardous organic and inorganic chemicals and materials (Mckinsey Report, 2011); therefore this sector is facing several environmental challenges in non-renewable resource utilization, production, servicing and waste management. The present paper attempts to answer a very critical question whether the resource utilization and waste management practices employed in automobile sector are sustainable or not? Methodology The present research is focused on secondary data resources. The Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) reports, Environmental audits and other resources were considered for the research. A detail review of the secondary data hence segregated as per the type, usability, awareness and training and waste management practices. Automobile sector comprises of small scale to large scale vendors, vehicle manufactures, dealers and service stations. The study is considering the vehicle manufacturers and large scale vendors. The study analyzes the information gathered from secondary data from various reports and organization communication to understand the different types of strategies used for waste management in Indian automobile sector. Findings and Interpretation The study identifies the key practices in industrial waste management which are prominently documented. Land fill for hazardous waste, recycle for organic waste are prominently used practices. Unique practices such as creating paint primer from paint shop sludge are also observed during the study. The chemical compositions of hazardous waste observed during the study contained isocyanates, methylene chloride, toluene, xylene, etc. The treatment of these chemical generally outsourced to government approved recyclers. Since the diverse range of toxic and precious metals is the key for automobile sector; their utilization and waste management practices followed were also studied and compared with the benchmarks set by statutory agencies in India. Limitations and suggestions The study is focused on Pune and around region. The large organizations are considered for the study where as auto industry is fragmented into medium and small scale industries. The details of actual operations were not considered and only audited details were considered for the study Originality The present research bridges gap between the scientific waste management process and decision making by describing the various management practices followed by auto sector in India. This research will pave the way to understand the environmental sustainability efforts taken by Indian automobile industry Keywords: Automobile sector; Sustainable practices; Chemicals; Non-renewable resource References SIAM (2011) Profile of the Automobile Industry in India 2010-11(Jan 2012). 62
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of Management Studies, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India-247667 of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand (India)-247667 Email: yusuffdm@iitr.ernet.in, kazmifce@iitr.ernet.in Introduction Industrial revolution has done a lot in making a humans life easy by developing electronic devices. Lot of efforts is being put by manufacturers into the marketing of these devices to boost sale. These devices generally have life time of 3-5 years after which they are at their end-of-life stage (Kumar et al., 2011). Now, India is facing a huge problem of these end-of-life electronic devices, generally known as e-waste. Sensing the scale of the crisis, Indian Government included e-waste in The Hazardous Materials (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movements) Rules, 2008. Due to tremendous increase in level of e-waste in India, Government later introduced separate rules for handling e-waste i.e., E-wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 2011, which came into effect from 1 May, 2012 (The Hindu, 2012). At present, many private players have ventured into management of e-waste by setting up their facilities. But, most of the e-waste is still channeling to unorganized sector that do not follow environment friendly practices and pollute environment with hazardous constituents of e-waste. Therefore, merely implementing e-waste rules is not enough; there is a need for designing and implementing a social marketing campaign for an e-waste free environment. This campaign will help in making people aware of the negative impact that they are creating on environment by not giving their e-waste to these recycling facilities. Hence, this paper aims at how social marketing campaign can be designed to create awareness among people to contribute towards e-waste free environment. Methodology To design social marketing campaign for e-waste handling companies, this paper reviews various researches based on designing a social marketing campaign, which have been carried out in different countries including India for different purposes. Moreover, this social marketing campaign for e-waste handling companies is formulated using Andreasens (2002) Benchmarks which were further developed by McDermott et al. (2005) as shown in Table 1.
Table-1: Andreasens Benchmarks for Social Marketing Campaign Benchmark Explanation 1. Behavior change Intervention seeks to change behavior and has Specific measurable behavioral objectives. 2. Audience research Formative research is conducted to identify target consumer characteristics and needs. Intervention elements are pre-tested with the target group. 3. Segmentation Different segmentation variables are considered when selecting the intervention target group. Intervention strategy is tailored for the selected segment/s. 4. Exchange Intervention considers what will motivate people to engage voluntarily with the intervention and offers them something beneficial in return. The offered benefit may be intangible (e.g. personal satisfaction) or tangible (e.g. incentives for participating in the programme and making behavioral changes). 5. Marketing mix Intervention consists of promotion (communications) plus at least one other marketing P (product, price, place). Other Ps might include policy change or people (e.g. training is provided to intervention delivery agents). 6. Competition Intervention considers the appeal of competing behaviors (including current behavior). Intervention uses strategies that seek to minimize the competition.
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Institute of Technology (SIT), Symbiosis International University (SIU), Near Lupin Research Park, Gram: Lavale, Tal. Mulshi, Pune - 412 115, India 2Symbiosis Institute of International Business (SIIB), Symbiosis International University (SIU), Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, G. No. 174/1, Hinjewadi, Pune - 411 057, India Email: nilishai@sitpune.edu.in, yogesh.patil@siib.ac.in Introduction Chromium metal of hexavalent type has got unique properties of corrosion resistance, hardness and colour and therefore finds large number of applications in industries like chrome-plating, automobiles, steel and alloys, paints, leather tanning and ammunition factories (Raji & Anirudhan, 1998). Consequently, these industries discharge large quantities of chromium containing effluents. Since chromium is a known mutagen and carcinogen (Oguz, 2005), the prevalent pollution laws in most countries require its complete removal from waste streams before discharge. The most commonly adopted conventional method for chromium removal method is chemical reduction-precipitation (Baral et al. 2006). However, the process is highly energy-intensive, consumes large quantities of chemicals and hence is not economically attractive. It is therefore imperative to look for a new practical, economic, efficient and sustainable alternative for the management of chromium bearing industrial effluents. Biomanagement approaches are gaining immense creditability world across in the recent years (Vinodhini & Das, 2009). Chromium being non-renewable and finite natural resource, the argument is not limited only to their removal from the effluents, but also extends to finding an efficient and economical ways of recovery/recycling. The present study explores the possibility of using saw dust for the removal of hexavalent chromium from industrial waste. Methodology A batch equilibration was used to determine the biosorption of chromium using saw dust. All the experiments were conducted as per the method prescribed by Patil (2012). Analysis of chromium from experimental solutions were carried out as per APHA (1998). Results and Discussion Saw dust showed 80% of chromium removal from aqueous solutions. Kinetic study showed that uptake of chromium using saw dust was maximum in first 10-15 minutes. The sorption of chromium was found to be pH dependent and it increased with decrease in pH. Sorption also conformed to Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models. A chemical known L-cysteine enhanced the removal of chromium from waste. Based on the experimental results the authors attempt to proposes an ecofriendly model for the management of chromium bearing industrial effluents. Conclusion: The biomaterial tested viz. saw dust was found to be efficient and ecofriendly sorbent for hexavalent chromium removal. The study adds to the advancement of knowledge in the field of resource recovery and waste management. Keywords: Hexavalent chromium; Saw dust; Ecofriendly method References: APHA (1998) American Public Health Association, 20th ed. Washington, DC. Baral, Saroj S. et al. (2006) Biochemical Engg. Journal (http://dspace.nitrkl.ac.in/dspace. Oguz, E. (2005) Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 252, 121-128. Raji, C. & Anirudhan, T.S. (1998) Water Research.
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