VDB1023

Engineering Mechanics

Lecturer
Dr Zubair Imam Syed
Email: imam.syed@petronas.com.my
Ph: 05 368 7313
Room: 14.03.13


Week 14 Review Lecture
Force
Resultant of Forces
Components of a force
Position vector
Force in Cartesian vector form
Can you find the magnitude and direction of the resultant of the force system given
below
Force and Moment
30m
6
12
8
A man is pulling the cord with a 300 N force. Represent this force as a Cartesian
vector and determine its direction.
Exercise
If F
3
= 15 kN, =35, and = 40, determine the magnitude
and coordinate angle of the resultant force acting on the ball-
and-socket joint.
Moment of a Force Vector Formulation
z y x
z y x O
F F F
r r r
k j i
F r M = =
Determine the moment produced by each of the forces
Equilibrium Conditions and applications
EF
x
= 0
EF
y
= 0
EF
z
= 0

These equations are the three scalar equations of equilibrium.
Reactions on a Rigid body
Two force member
Reactions at hinge and fixed supports
Example
Truss Analysis
Problem
Find the member forces in members KJ, CD and CJ
for the forces shown in the figure below.
Centre of Gravity, Centroid
}
A
y dA
}
A
dA

y =
~
}
A
x dA
}
A
dA

x =
~
Centroid of Complex Shapes
i i
i
x A
x=
A

i i
i
y A
y=
A

x
y
i i
i
z A
z=
A

Centroid Location of Complex Shapes

x
y
Centroid for an area is determined by the first moment of an
area about an axis

Second moment of an area is referred as the moment of inertia
Moments of Inertia

Consider area A lying in the x-y plane

Be definition, moments of inertia of the differential plane area
dA about the x and y axes


For entire area, moments of
inertia are given by
}
}
=
=
= =
A
y
A
x
y x
dA x I
dA y I
dA x dI dA y dI
2
2
2 2
y
y
x
C
x
50
35
10
50
35 20
20
10
10
10
Calculate the moment of inertia about the centroid
axis,
Problem
x
( )
o o
o o
o
s s a v v
at t v s s
at v v
+ =
+ + =
+ =
2
2
1
2 2
2
Rectilinear Kinematics
dt
ds
v =
dt
dv
a =
dv v ds a =
Curvilinear Motion
n t
u u a
n t
a a + =

2
v
a
vdv ds a v a
n
t t
=
= =

Equations of Motion
ma F =

= =
dt
dv
m ma F
t t

= =

2
v
m ma F
n n
Solution
Conservation of Linear Momentum

=
=
+ = + +

s m v
v
v m m v m v m
B A B B A A
/ 5 . 0
) 27000 ( ) 75 . 0 )( 12000 ( ) 5 . 1 )( 15000 (
) ( ) ( ) (
2
2
2 1 1
( )
Momentum and Impulse
Plan:
1) Determine the speed of the crate just
before the collision using projectile
motion or an energy method.
2) Analyze the collision as a central impact
problem.
Problem
A 2 kg crate B is released from rest, falls a distance h = 0.5 m, and
strikes plate P (3 kg mass). The coefficient of restitution between B and
P is e = 0.6, and the spring stiffness is k = 30 N/m. The velocity of crate
B just after the collision.

0 + 0 = 0.5(2)(v
2
)
2
+ (2)(9.81)(-0.5)
T
1
+ V
1
= T
2
+ V
2
0.5m(v
1
)
2
+ mgh
1
= 0.5m(v
2
)
2
+ mgh
2
v
2
= 3.132 m/s
Apply conservation of momentum to the system in the
vertical direction:
Analyze the collision as a central impact problem.
+ m
B
(v
B
)
1
+ m
P
(v
P
)
1
= m
B
(v
B
)
2
+ m
P
(v
P
)
2

(2)(-3.132) + 0 = (2)(v
B
)
2
+ (3)(v
P
)
2
(v
B
)
2
(v
P
)
2
(v
P
)
1
= 0

(v
B
)
1
= 3.132 m/s

B
P
Using the coefficient of restitution:

+ e = [(v
P
)
2
(v
B
)
2
]/[(v
B
)
1
(v
P
)
1
]
0.6 = [(v
P
)
2
(v
B
)
2
]/[-3.132 0]
-1.879 = (v
P
)
2
(v
B
)
2
Solving the two equations simultaneously yields
(v
B
)
2
= -0.125 m/s and (v
P
)
2
= -2.00 m/s
Both the block and plate will travel down after the collision.
(v
B
)
2
(v
P
)
2
(v
P
)
1
= 0

(v
B
)
1
= 3.132 m/s

B
P