Ques : The Big Bazaar at netaji subhash place, pitampura daily needs between 32 and 40 workers depending on the

time of the day. The rush hours are between noon nnd 2 p. m. The table below indicates the number of workers needed at various hours when the bazaar is open.
,-=--

Time Period 9 a.m. - 11 a.m. 11 a.m. - 1 p.m. 1 p.m. - 3 p.m. 3 p.m. - 5 p.m.

Number of workers needed 32 40 35 33

Big Bazaar now employ's 34 full-time workers, but needs a few part-time workers also. A part-time worker must put in exactly 4 hours per day, but can start any time between 9 a.m. and 1 p.m. Full time workers work from 9 a. m. to 5 p. m. but are allowed an hour for lunch (half of the full-timers eat at 12 noon, the other half at 1 p.m.). The management of Big Bazaar limits part-time hours to a maximum of 50 per cent of the day's total requirement. Part timers earn Rs. 48 per day on the average, while full-timers earn Rs. 140 per day in salary and benefits on the average. The management wants to set a schedule that would minimize total manpower costs. Formulate this problem as a Linear Programming Model to minimize total daily manpower cost. Solution:

MATHEMATICAL

FORMULATION

The key decision is to determine the number of full-time and part-time workers needed in Big Bazaar. Decision variables: Let y represents the number of full-time workers and xj represent the part-time workers starting at 9 a.m., 11a.m., and 1 p.m. respectively. ( j = 1,2,3 ). Making use of given information, the appropriate LPPis: Minimize (total daily manpower cost) z= 140y + 48 (Xl + X2 + X3) subject to constraints: y + Xl ~ 32 (9 a.m. - 11a.m. need) ~ y + Xl + X2~ 40 (11a.m. - 1 p.m. need) y + X2 + X3~ 35 (1 p.m. - 3 p.m. need) y + X3~.33 (3 p.m. - 5 p.m. need) y s 34 (Full timers available) 4(Xl + X2 + X3) s 0.50 (32 + 40 + 35 + 33) (Part timer's hours cannot exceed 501'0 of total hours required each day which is the sum of the workers needed each hour)

Also, y ~ 0 and Xl', X2 , X3 z 0 (Non-negative restrictions)

We see that the constraints are of greater than type and also of less than type so
I

So we add artificial and slack variables and modify the constrai nts.

And Artificial variables be All A21 A31 A4 ~ O.

Now the problem becomes: Max Z*

=-{

Min ( Z )}

Subject to constraints
y
+ Xl - Sl + Al

32

t y + Xl + X2 - S2 + A2= 40 t y + X2 + X3 - S3+ A3 = 35
y
+ X3 - S4 + + S5

A4 = 33

34 0.50 ( 32
+

4(Xl + X2 + X3) + S6 =

40

35

33 )

Initial Simplex table is as follow's:

Cj Cb Xb
A1 A2 A3 A4 55 56

-140

-48
Xl

-48
X2

-48
X3

0
51

0
52

0
53

0
54

0
55

0
56

-M
Al

-M
A2

-M
A3

-M
A4

-~-M -M -M -M
0 0

32
40 35 33 34 70

1* 1/2 1/2 1
1

1 1
0 0 0 4

0 0

-1
0 0 0 0 0

0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0 0
1

0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0

1
0 0 0 0 0

0 1 0 0 0 0

0 0

0 0 0
1

1 1
0 0 4

-1
0 0 0 0

1 1
0 4

-1
0 0 0

1
0 0 0

-1
0 0

0 0
-M 0
_.-

0
0 0

Zj

-3M 3M+l
40

-2M -2M -2M

-M -M

-M -M

-M -M

-M -M

-M
0

-M
0

-M
0

Zj - Cj

2M+ 2M+ 2M+ 48 48 48

i
Here we see that the key element is 1 from the 'y' column, The key row is Al and the key column is y. Therefore, y enters the basis and Al departs from the basis. Since Al is an artificial variable we eliminate its column from the next simplex table.

Table 2 :
Cj Cb
-140

-140
B Y

-48
Xl

-48

-48
X3

0
SI

0
S3

0
S4

0
S5

0
S6

-M
Az
0 1 0 0 0 0 -M 0

-M
A3

-M
A4

Xb
Y

Xz
0 1 1 0 0 4 -M -M+ 48

Sz
0 -1 0 0 0 0 M M

32 24 19 1
2

1 0 0 0 0 0 -140 0

1
1/2

0 0 1* 1 0 4 -2M - 2M +48

-1 1/2 1/2 1 1 0 140 140

0 0 -1 0 0 0 M M

0 0 0 -1 0 0 M M

0 0 0 0 1 0 0 M

0 0 0 0 0 1 0 M

0 0 1 0 0 0 -M 0

0 0

-M Az -M A3 -M
0 0
A4 55 56

-1/2 -1 -1 4 -140 -92

o -f-+
1 0 0 -M 0

70

Zj Zj - Cj

i
Here we see that the key element is 1 from The key row is A3 and the key column is X3 . Therefore,
X3 'X3'

column,

enters the basis and A3 departs from the basis. Since A3 is an artificial variable we eliminate its column from the next simplex table.

Table 3:

Cj
Cb
-140

-140
B

-48
Xl

-48
X2

-48
X3

0
Sl

0
S2

0
S3

0
S4

0
S5

0
S6

-M
A2

-M
A4

Xb Y
Az X3 A4 S5 S6

32 24 19
18

Y 1
0 0 0 0 0
-140 0

1 1/2 -1/2 -1/2 -1

6
-116 68

0 0

-1
1/2* 0

0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0

-~

-M

1 1 -1
0 0
-48 0

-1

1
0

-48
-M 0 0

1/2
0 0 0
-48 0

-1 0
0 0 0

1/2 1 -2
-140

1
0

0 0 0
0 0

-1
0 0
0

1
0 0

2
-6

1
0
0 0

-4

1
0 0

Zj

M+
48

-M -M

-M
0

-M
-140

M+
48

Zj - Cj

-M

i
Here we see that the key element is 1/2 from The key row is A2 and the key column is S1. Therefore,
S1 '51'

column,

enters the basis and A2 departs from the basis. Since A2 is an artificial variable we eliminate its column from the next simplex table.

Table 4:
Cj Cb
-140

-140 B y

-48
Xl

-48
X2
I

-48
X3

0
SI

0
S2

0
S3

0
S4

0
S5

0
S6

-M
A4

Xb Y
51 X3

80 48

1 0 0 0 0 0
-140 0

2
1

2 2 1 -2 -2
4
-328 +M 2M280

0 0

1
0 0

-2 -2 -1
1* 0 -4
-232 -M -232 -M

0 0 0 1 0 -4
-M -M

0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0

0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 1 -f-+ 0 0
-M 0

0 -48

19
42 46

-1/2 -1 -2
8
-256+ M M208

1/2
0 0 0
-24 24

-M A4 0 0

0 0 0
0 0

Ss
S6

18

1
0 0

Zj

Zj - Cj

i
Here we see that the key element is 1 from The key row is A4 and the key column is S2. Therefore, enters the basis and A4 departs from the basis. Since A4 is an artificial variable we eliminate its column from the next simplex table.
S2 'S2'column,

Table
Cj Cb Xb B

5:
-140
Y

-48 Xl 0

-48
Xl

-48 X3 0 0

0 SI 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

0
Sl

0 S3

0 S4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

S5 S6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ---+ 0

-140 Y

-4

1
0 0 0 0 0 -140 0

-2
0

0 0 0

2 2 1 1*
0 0 -328 -328

0 -48 0 0 0

SI
Xg Sl 55 56

-36 -23
-42 -46
-150

1 -3/2 -2
4
8

-3/2 1/2 -2 -2
-4 352 400 0 0 0 -24 24

1
0 0 0 0

1
0 0 0

1
0 0

Zj

72 120

Zj - Cj

i
Here we see that the key element is 1 from 's3'column, The key row is Sl and the key column is S3. Therefore, S3enters the basis and S2departs from the basis.

Table 6:
Cj Cb
-140

-140
B

-48
Xl

-48
X2

-48
X3

0
Sl

0
S2

0
S3

0
S4

0
S5

0
S6

Xb

Y
1 0 0 0 0 0

Y
Sl X3 S3 55 56

80 48
19

2
1

1 4

0 0

0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

-2 -2
-1

0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0
1

0 0 0 0 0
1 f----.

0 -48 0 0 0

1/2
-1

1/2 -2 -2
-4 -164

1/2
0 0 0 -24 24

-42 -46
-150

1 0 0 -232 -232

-2
4*

0 0 0

Zj

-140 -304 0

0 0

-266 116

Zj - Cj

i
Here we see that the key element is 4 from The key row is 56 and the key column is Xl. Therefore,
Xl 'Xl'column,

enters the basis and S6 departs from the basis.

Table 7:
Cj Cb
-140

-140 B 155
y

-48
Xl

-48
X2

-48
X3

0
SI

0
S2

0
S3

0
S4

0
S5

0
S6

Xb Y
51 X3

1 0 0 0 0 0 -140 0

0 0 0 0 0 1 0 48

3 5 1 -3* -4 -1 -468 -420

0 0

0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

-2 -2 -1 1 0 0 328 328

0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ,

0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

-1/2 -114 -118 1/4 1/2 1/4

0 76
~

0 -48 0 0 -48

271/2 151/4 -159/2

-121

1/2
0 0 0 -24 24

S3

S5
Xl

-150/4

Zj

Zj - Cj

i
Here we see that the key element is 4 from The key row is 53 and the key column is X2 . Therefore,
X2

'X2

column,

enters the basis and S3 departs from the basis.

Table 8 :
Cj -140 B
y

-48
Xl

-48
X2

-48
X3

0
Sl

0
S2

0
S3

0
S4

0
S5

0
S6

Cb
-140

Xb Y
Sl X3 X2

453/6 3 135/12 159/6

-15

1
0 0 0 0 0 -140 0

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0

0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

-1 -2/3 -1/3 -4/3 -1/3

204 204

1 1/3 -1/3 -4/3 -1/3

468/3 468/3

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

-1/2 -1/4 -1/8 -1/12 1/6 1/2

17 17

-1/3 5/3

-48 -48
0

1/2
0 0 0 -24 24

1
0 0 -48 0

S5
Xl

1
0 0 0

-48

132/4

1
-48 0

Zj

Zj - Cj

Here we see that all Zj - Cj's are positive or zero hence this is the optimal solution. Therefore, the minimum value of the objective function occurs when, y = 453/6 = 76 ,
Sl X3 X2

= 3, = 15/12 = 1 ,

159/6
I

27 ,

S5
Xl

= -15 = 132/4 = 33 .

Hence,
Min Z= 140 (453/6) Min Z = Rs. 13958
+

48 ( 132/4

135/12

159/6)

Thus total minimum daily manpower cost is Rs.13958.

I

~~--------------------------------J

CONCLUSION

Minimum total daily manpower cost is Rs .13958 when number of full time workers is 76 and total part-time workers is 61 cit Big Bazaar, netaji subhash place .