IME2009 MICROELECTRONICS 2

Organic Electronics 1 Introduction to Organic Electronics

Organic electronics or plastic electronics is the new alternati e o! using silicon" The resoner !or loo#ing in to the uses o! organic se$iconductors is the cost and the te$perchet o! $anu!atering this t%pes o! se$iconductors is lower than that o! silicon se$iconductors" This opense $an% apiclatons to use thes t%ps o! se$iconductors" One o! the $an% ad antarges is that we can print the se$iconductors on to a pol%$eric &ass" '% printing the se$iconductors on to a pol%$er &ass this $a#e it er% !le(i&l%" '% &eing so !le(i&l% we can use this !or all sort o! apiclatons !ro$ cur d t to solerpanle" 'RIE) *ISTOR+ ,uring the 19-0s a pol%c%clic aro$atic could trana!er a s$ale charge showing that organic co$pounds could &e used" In 19.2 it was !ounded the i! pol%acet%lene can &e o(idi/ed with halogens it could $a#e an insorlator or a se$iconductor" In later %ears 0lan 1" *eeger2 0lan 3" Mac,iar$id2 and *ide#i Shira#awa wor#ed on research on conducti e pol%$ers and !or their wor# was are worded the 2000 No&el 4ri/e in Che$istr% More recentl% in 195. the diode was $ade &% East$an 6oda# &% Ching 7" Tang and Ste en 8an Sl%#e using organic se$iconductors" In crent ti$e $an% educton and industrial co$pan% aredoing research in to di rent appeclation o! this se$iconductors"

2 Organic photo oltaic

Organic photo oltaic

Organic solar cells have the potential to show high efficiencies at low cost, as they exhibit favourable optical and charge generation properties, and are compatible with mass printing techniques. State-of-the-art record solar cells have almost reached 8% power conversion efficiency, and modules of above !! cm with ".#% were presented. $oth are based on newly

synthesi%ed organic semiconductors. &n an organic donor'

acceptor solar cell, light is usually absorbed mostly in the donor material, e.g. a con(ugated polymer. )his process is shown in figure*i+. Organic semiconductors,in analogy to many organic dyes,often exhibit very high absorption coefficients above -m .onsequently, very low thic/nesses between -!! and "!! nm are sufficient for a good absorption yield in organic photovoltaic devices. &n contrast, solar cells based on the inorganic polycrystalline semiconductor .u&nSe need a few micrometres thic/ active layer for good absorption, and crystalline silicon solar cells more than -!!0m. )hus, lower material amounts are needed for organic cells. 1nfortunately, many organic materials have a rather narrow absorption width. .on(ugated polymers commonly used in organic solar cells typically cover the visible optical spectrum only 2 #' 34, although polymers with wider absorption bands exist 2 8, 54. &n contrast, the inorganic semiconductors, silicon and .u&nSe , absorb across the whole visible spectrum of the sun light, and beyond to more than -!!! nm *optical bandgap -.- e6+.