Francis Olave Ms. Hofmann English 1102-207 25 March 2014 Evaluative Bibliography Brandes, S.

"Iconography in Mexico's Day of the Dead: Origins and Meaning." Ethnohistory. 45:2 (1998): 181-218. Print. This source talks about the representations of death, in the celebration of the Day of the Dead in Mexico. There is an example of a painting showing how the Day of the Dead is represented in Mexico. It tells the various Spanish names that are incorporated in the traditions of this celebration such; calaveras, pan de muerto, etc. Brandes goes into detail of what each of these names mean and their significance behind it. The culture is talked about how it was when it first started and how now the culture is today. The painting is not the only thing that shows how the traditions are for the celebration but also different art. In most of the art skulls and skeletons are represented which have nine basic characteristics. Brandes mentions how each indigenous group has different burials, in which shows how death was portrayed and it's connection to how the Day of the Dead has those crafts in the celebration. Not only does the article talk about how in colonial time the celebration was celebrated but how the Europeans reacted to this holiday. The information of this article is useful not only does it mention the exact crafts used in this celebration but gives detailed information on how it is incorporated in the celebration. An example that I can use is about the calaveras or skulls. There is also a reaction from Europe which could be used in my paper by showing how when this celebration was started, the reactions Europeans had on this celebration especially the French. The author, Brandes mentions how the culture has been passed down from generation to generations and "blends with alternative, coexistent traditions to create a new cultural product". This answers the question how of the celebration has changed overtime from older to new generation. Another important thing to know is how paintings done while these celebration was created had an impact of how now it is celebrated. This article is convincing because the author concentrates on the crafts used during this celebration and also how it has changed overtime. This article is located in many places in which I found in the data base of Atkins library and in the library itself.

Garciagodoy, Juanita. Muertos. Niwot, Colo: University Press of Colorado, 1998. Print This source discuses various aspects of this celebration. This includes Pre-Hispanic and Spanish Catholic traces on its development. It tells how the celebration was first started or how it came about which was through the Indigenous people in Mexico. Garciagodoy mentions how this celebrations has changed overtime in contemporary Mexico. She gives examples of how

people in Mexico and from the States have different views toward death. These views can be positive and negative from different backgrounds. Each chapter talks about how the celebration is seen, the identity of it, the history of it, the attitudes toward death, Day of the Dead vs. Halloween, explaining the importance of skeletons, and how they are used in the celebration of the Day of the Dead. Using this source is helpful because it answers some questions to my inquiry question. The questions that would be answered are: How people from Mexico and the States view this celebration? To summarize the answer to the questions is Mexicans have a different attitude then Americans do. Mexicans see the death as intimate or sacred. As for American they view it as inimical. Another thing that I will be able to include is the view of this celebration being a struggle between Halloween celebrated in the States. Both holidays are right after the other. This is where the views of the older and new generation come in. This source is reliable because the book consists of 380 pages talking about different topics on the celebration. The author teaches in the department of Spanish at Macalester College in Minnesota. The book has chapters in which some of the information takes place in Mexico and the United States.

Marchi, Regina M. Day of the Dead in the Usa: The Migration and Transformation of a Cultural Phenomenon. New Brunswick, N.J: Rutgers University Press, 2009. Print. The source I found is a book on the Day of the Dead. In the book, the author talks about how the ritual is celebrated and how this celebrations has been expanded north of the border with a lot of performing arts, Aztec traditions, and art exhibits. The author mentions the historical background to this celebration, where else this celebration is celebrated(different countries), what people do in this celebration but also how it has a political communication in the United States. The purpose of this book is to show people who are not familiar with this celebration but how it has an impact on how this celebration is celebrated but also how there might be some controversies in this celebration being celebrated in a different country. The information given to me is relevant to my project by the way it mentions what this celebration is but also how this celebration is brought to the States. It explains how this celebration brings a community together and how the community is built together in the States. Another thing that is helpful is by the way is talks about how the Day of the Dead is in the United States media and how this celebration goes mainstream. This source is very credible in my opinion. The book was published for a reason. Knowing this, clues given are in the front of the book telling where this book was published and all that information. The author, Marchi gives a distinctive and unique description on the rise of the Day of the Dead in the United States, by demonstrating dynamics of ethnic and cultural characteristics in modern media, urban community, and economy. The author is a professor for media studies and Latin American Studies. Knowing this, the information in the book is very accurate in its information given to the reader.

Marchi, Regina M. "Hybridiity and Authenticity in Us Day of the Dead Celebrations." Journal of American Folklore. 126.501 (2013): 272-301. Print. In this article the celebration, the Day of the Dead is talked about how it is a transculturalism. Basically how the shaping of the cultures interact with other cultures. Marchi gives a good description of history of the celebration but also when it started in the United States. Another important thing talked about in the article is how many Mexican Americans do not know a lot of the celebration. Having this celebration in the States is what started the Chicano Movement and how this affected the people. There are sections that the article is broken down to. First with the introduction, the Political Potential of Cultural Rituals, Background of the Day of the Dead, the Chicano Movement, the Celebrations in California, and the Day of the Dead celebrated in the United States. This information given to me is helpful for my research because Marchi describes how the community, the Mexican Americans view the celebration in the United States. There is a Chicano Movement, which is important to address in the paper to show the reader how people from Mexican background do not know this celebration. The article mentions the concept of "cultural citizenship", which the people are able to have a sense of cultural belonging. Knowing this allow to me to answer they there should be a call to change for this celebration changing overtime. This source is credible because it is written by the same person, Regina Marchi, who wrote a book on the Day of the Dead. The article has different sections in which are separated so it is easy to find the information to answer the questions for my inquiry question. The article was located in the Atkins library database online.

The Mexicans: Through Their Eyes. New York, N.Y: Films Media Group, 2010. Internet resource. The film shows the viewers the culture of the Mexican people. The roots of both indigenous and Spanish showed through cultural elements. How the Mexicans were shaped by the Spanish conquest? What it means to be a Mexican? The Spanish have conquered overtime but the traditions of the Mexicans still continued. For example people who watch the film will learn how the Day of the Dead shows how both Catholic and Pre Colombian traditions combine. The people of Mexico coming from different backgrounds, giving their perspective on this. Art is shown in this film explaining how traditions have changed overtime going back to the roots of the indigenous. Using this film answers gives me information on how Mexicans view this celebration in their country, Mexico. Death in Mexico carries another charisma of another heritage, it is unique in Mexico joining Pre Colombian beliefs announcing that to death there is no end. In the cemetery many families are gathered with offerings of their loved ones. An example that I can use is an old lady named Altimidad. She describes her experience on this celebration. She comes to her daughters graveyard for the past 20 years . In Mexico the celebration it brings a lot of happiness and pleasure, it is theirs the Mexicans. It is there duty as to their dead ones if you love them and if you do not love them it is not there duty, you forget them. Many Mexicans believe attending

this ceremony they are in presence of their dead ones. It is very important to know that for the Mexicans death is not feared but embraced. Guided by the rituals of generations the faithful, challenge death with an ancient knowledge, that the past is alive. The film is credible because it appears on National Geographic Society. The film takes place in Mexico a couples years ago. The film is an hour long but has different segments. The information I was able to get was in the film fifteen minutes long, which was enough time. Having this part in the film gave me the information needed in order to answer some questions.