Data Analysis Lab

ME 288 Winter 2010 L6

A drawings general tolerance is normally found in the title block or near it.
UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED

BLAST FOUNDRY ATHENS OH 45701

FORKED YOKE

SHEET DR CHK

A2
DWG NO

RA TS

DATE: SCALE:

FY00678

SHE

There are three formats for limit dimensions.

Maximum on top 25.04 25.00 25.00 - 25.04 Minimum first

(A) Limit Format +0.04 25.00 -0.00 Full height lettering 25.02 0.02
-(or)-

+0.04 25.00-0.00

(B) Unidirectional 25.02 0.02

-(or)-

+0.01 25.02 -0.02 (C) Bidirectional

25+0.01 -0.02

Use this format when using bilateral tolerance and space is limited.

32.00 0.02 (A) Metric 1.250 .002 (B) Inches

32.00 +0.01 -0.02

1.250 +.002 -.001

Tolerance vs Allowance
Tolerance = is the difference between the
maximum and minimum allowance on an individual part.

Allowance = is the minimum clearance or

maximum interference between two mating parts.

Allowance and Max clearance are calculated using a combination of minimum and maximum tolerance values.
T-Bolt T-Slot T-Slot & T-Bolt assembled

Allowance zone .7500 Smallest T-Slot - .7484 Largest T-Bolt .0016 = Min Clearance (allowance) .7512 Largest T-Slot -.7476 Smallest T-Bolt .0036 = Max Clearance

.7484 .7476 .7512 .7500

ANSI has five types of fits.

ANSI Inched Based Standard Fits Running Fit RC Clearance Fits Force Fit LC LT LN FN Running & Sliding Clearance Location Transition Location Interference Location Forced & Shrink

Calculations for an RC 3 fit based on figures taken from the ANSI inch based fit tables. (Appendix 34)
Class RC 3 Limits of Clearance Nominal Size Range Inches Over - To 1.19 - 1.97 Standard Limits Hole Shaft H7 f6 +1.0 0 -1.0 -1.6 Basic Hole = 1.2500 Hole Limits Shaft Limits +.001 = 1.2510 0 = 1.2500 -.0010 =1.2490 -.0016 =1.2484

1.0 2.6

All numbers in thousands of an inch

Tightest Fit: Smallest Hole 1.2500 Largest Shaft -1.2490 Min Clearance = .0010 (Allowance)
Limits of Clearance

Loosest Fit: Largest Hole 1.2510 Smallest Shaft -1.2484 Max Clearance = .0026

Illustration of ISO limits and fits terminology.

Max Size Min Size Upper Deviation Lower Deviation International tolerance grade (IT Number) Basic Size Fundamental Deviation (lower case letter) Upper Deviation Lower Deviation

Min Size Max Size

International tolerance grade (IT number) Fundamental Deviation (upper case letter)

Table showing the applications of international tolerance (IT) grades. (18 grades)

Measuring Tools

Materials

01 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Fits

Large Manufacturing Tolerances

An ISO hole-basic designation for the hole and shaft, and each separately.
Basic size Fit

25 H8/f7
Hole Shaft tolerance tolerance (A) Fit between hole and shaft Basic size Tolerance grade (or zone)

25 H8

Fundamental deviation Basic size

IT grade (B) Hole only Tolerance grade (or zone) IT grade (C) Shaft only

25 f7
Fundamental deviation

Illustration of three methods for designating ISO tolerance.

25H8

25f7

(A) Preferred

25H8

25.033 25.000

25f7

24.980 (14.959 )

(B)

25.033 (25H8) 25.000

24.980 (25f7) 24.959

(C)

Calculations for an ISO H8/f7 close running fit based on figures taken from the ANSI (ISO) metric based fit tables.
Preferred ISO Close Running Fit 25 H8/f7 Hole tolerance Shaft tolerance grade grade Close Running Hole Shaft H8 f7 Fit Max 25.033 24.980 0.074 Min 25.000 24.959 0.020 Hole tolerance = 0.033 25.033 25.000 Shaft Tolerance = 0.021 24.980 24.959 Loosest Fit: Largest hole 25.033 Smallest shaft 24.959 0.074 Lower deviation 0.000 0.041

Tightest Fit: Smallest hole 25.000 Largest shaft -24.980 0.020 Upper deviation Hole 0.033 Shaft 0.020

Figure illustrates an ISO H8/f7 close running fits numerical values and definitions.
Preferred ISO Close Running Fit

25 H8/f7
24.980 (max shaft ) 24.959 (min shaft ) 0.021 (shaft tolerance)

0.020 (upper deviation) 0.041 (lower deviation) 0.074 (max clearance) 0.020 (min clearance) 0.033 (hole tolerance)

25.000 25.033

0.000 (lower deviation) 0.033 (upper deviation) (min hole ) (max hole )

Preferred ISO fits use either the basic hole or basic shaft system. ISO Preferred Fits
Type of Fit Hole Basic Shaft Basic Description

H11/c11 Clearance H9/d9 H8/f7 Fit H7/g6 H7/h6 Transition H7/k6 Fit H7/n6 H7/p6 Interference H7/s6 Fit H7/u6

C11/h11 D9/h9 F8/h7 G7/h6 H7/h6 K7/h6 N7/h6 P7/h6 S7/h6 U7/h6

Loose Running Free Running Close Running Sliding Location clearance Location Transition Location Transition Location Interference Medium Drive Force Fit