Subject: Integrated Science Class: 8F Topic: keeping healthy Sub-topic: Water Pollution Date: Objectives: !

Students "ill learn about the di##erent causes o# "ater pollution $! "ays they can help pre%ent it! &! 'ethod o# "ater puri#ication! Materials Pictures o# polluted "aters and a##ected ani(als $-liter soda bottle cut in hal# napkins or paper to"els gra%el) sand and cotton balls #or the #ilter dirty "ater) you can (ake it by adding cooking oil) dirt) or s(all pieces o# paper to "ater *"e "ill also use #ood coloring+ Vocabulary Pollution) en%iron(ent) littering) "ater puri#ication) se"age) sedi(ent) #ertili,er Introduction -Is there (ore land or "ater on -arth. / 0 o# -arth is co%ered in "ater1 -2o" (uch o# the "ater can "e drink. 3/!$0 is salt "ater) $!80 is #resh and a lot o# this is trapped in glaciers4so "hat about "hat5s le#t. Can "e drink all o# that. 6o1 6ot only can "e not drink it) but so(e o# it is so dirty that "e can5t s"i( in it and ani(als can5t li%e in it! -Why is all this "ater so dirty. Can you na(e so(e causes o# "ater pollution. 7ids "ill co(e up "ith their o"n stu## here) but so(e causes you (ay "ant to elicit #ro( the( are: -Plastic "aste: -ach year it kills around 88)888 (arine (a((als) (illion sea birds) and countless #ish "orld"ide *pictures o# this "ould be good+! -Se"age: 898 billion gallons o# ra" se"age are sent into lakes) and bays e%ery year by leaking se"er syste(s and inade:uate co(bined se"er;stor( syste(s that o%er#lo" during hea%y rains! -Che(ical and industrial processes: -Sedi(ent: When #orests are <clear cut)< the root syste(s that pre%iously held soil in place die and sedi(ent is #ree to run o## into nearby strea(s) ri%ers) and lakes! -Pesticides: Pesticides that get applied to #ar( #ields and roadsides4and ho(eo"ners= la"ns4run o## into local strea(s and ri%ers or drain do"n into ground"ater) conta(inating the #resh "ater that #ish s"i( in and the "ater "e hu(ans drink! -Fertili,ers;6utrient Pollution

->il) gasoline) and additi%es: big oil spills like the -??on @alde, in Alaska cause serious pollution * (illion gallons4killed billions o# #ish and hundreds o# thousands o# ani(als+) but "hen you add up all the little bits o# pollution4like drips o# oil) #uel) and #luid #ro( cars and trucksB dribbles o# gasoline spilled onto the ground at the #illing stationB and drips #ro( industrial (achinery4these sources and (ore co(bine to pro%ide a continual #eed o# petroleu( pollution to all o# the "orld=s "aters) i(parting an a(ount o# oil to the oceans every year that is (ore than 9 ti(es greater than the @alde, spill! ->thers: poorly designed land#ills) C>$) rising global te(peratures Activity *groups o# $ or &) but (aybe (ore i# it5s a huge class+

Put the top hal# o# the soda bottle upside-do"n *like a #unnel+ inside the botto( hal#! The top hal# "ill be "here they build their #ilterB the botto( hal# "ill hold the #iltered "ater! Cayer the #ilter (aterials inside the top hal# o# the bottle! Think about "hat each (aterial (ight re(o%e #ro( the dirty "ater and in "hat order you should layer the (aterials! For an added challenge) use only t"o o# (aterials to build your #ilter! Also) i# kids are ha%ing trouble) gi%e the( a hint to put the cotton balls in #irst) then the sand) the another layer o# cotton balls and sand;napkins! Pour the dirty "ater through the #ilter! What does the #iltered "ater look like. Take the #ilter apart and look at the di##erent layers! Can you tell "hat each (aterial re(o%ed #ro( the "ater. *Ti(e per(itting+ Wipe the bottle clean and try again! Try putting (aterials in di##erent layers or using di##erent a(ounts o# (aterials!

Discussion -We just (ade a #ilter to clean our o"n dirty "ater! This is ho" basic "ater puri#ication processes "ork! 'ention Drita "ater #ilters4does anyone use the(. It5s the sa(e concept *can (ention acti%ated carbon to older kids+! -Ask the kids i# they can use one #ilter #ore%er! They "ill probably kno" that you need to change the() as they e%entually get dirty and don5t "ork as "ell! To sho" this) put so(e "ater that has a light a(ount o# #ood coloring in it through the #ilter! At #irst) the "ater "ill co(e out relati%ely clear! 2o"e%er) as ti(e goes on) the "ater e%entually "ill start to be colored! This is because the #ilter can only take out a certain a(ount o# the #ood coloring! ->n a bigger scale) a %ariety o# technical solutions are a%ailable to #ilter out che(ical "aste #ro( industrial processes! -Dack to "hat "e can do: ask class #or "ays they can help reduce "ater pollution: don5t litter) pick up litter) properly dispose o# "astes so that they don5t leak into the ground and e%entually (ake it into our "ater supply) etc -There is a lot o# pollution out there) but there are "ays to #ight it) just like "e sa" today 4e%eryone has a role to play in reducing pollution1