Questionnaire for Painting Contractors U&A Study

Name of the Contractor Name of Respondent John John Contractor Respondent Category (Please Tick) Supervisor Head Painter #25, 6 main 7 Cross, Basavanagudi Bangalore Address City State Telephone Number E-mail Name of the Interviewer Date of Interview Place of Interview Manoj Kumar 30/03/2014 Bangalore Bangalore Karnataka Mobile Number District Pin 00000000 Bangalore 560004
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Good morning/afternoon/evening. I'm .......... from Nielsen India Pvt. Ltd., a leading market research company. At present we are conducting a study on the Indian paint industry. In this regard, I would like to ask you a few questions please. Your views and opinion are very valuable to us and your cooperation would be greatly appreciated. Could you kindly spare _____ minutes of your time for an interview? Thank you. Location-Please do not ask the respondent Center Code City Mumbai 1 Cochin Pune 2 Jaipur Delhi 3 Lucknow Kolkata 4 Jalandhar Chennai 5 Bangalore Bangalore 6 Ahmedabad Hyderabad 7 Indore Patna Bhubaneswar Coimbatore Vishakhapatnam

Code 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Contractors Profiling:
1. Annual Paint usage of different companies (in lacs Rs.) ______15_______ Percentage-wise breakup for the usage of the paint of different brands Paint Brands Asian Paints ICI Paints Nerolac Paints Berger Paints Jotun Paints Other (Please Mention) ___________________ Total Percentage (%) 60 40

100%

2. What are the reasons to prefer to work with or not to work with Asian Paints? (Cut off Asian Paints usage of 70%)?

I decide on basis of customer requirement and their preference as we come across different kind of customers they have some specific budget will manage brands according to their wish.

Please let us know how long have you been in business Experience Code Less than 3 years 1 3 6 years 2 7 10 years 3 11 15 years 4 16 20 years 5 More than 20 years 6
3.

4. What are the Main Problems /Challenges that you face being a Painting contractor? Labour problem: There is huge crunch in terms of getting labours at right time. People scare to work at high hight levels & they require much labour fee which we cant afford. And as much competition in market every day new competitor entering to market

5. **Please let us know your place of origin & the labour force Place of Origin of Contractor: ____________ Bangalore ________________________ Place of Origin of Labour: _______________ AP (Anantapur), Bihar (Muzaffarpur) Contractor from the city and labour from the city Contractor from outside and labour from city Contractor from city and labour from outside Both contractor and labour from outside from same place Both contractor and labour from outside from different cities Code (MA) 1 2 Action needs to be taken No further question

Ask reason for choice of city of operation 3 Ask reason for hiring labour from outside 4 Ask reason for choice of city of operation 5 Ask reason for choice of place of operation and choice of place of hiring labour (Probe on: choice of city of operation & selecting labour from the city or out-side the city. Probe about the availability of local labour, wages and trustworthiness of local labour etc.)

Reason : Migrated labours are ready to work even at low price. Only these migrated people can easily converted as labour

Business Activity
6. Please let us know the kind of painting activity you are intoPainting Activity Interior Painting Exterior Painting Both Interior & Exterior Painting Code 1 2 3

7. Kindly let us know the nature of work commonly undertaken? (Multiple options possible among the following.)
Type of Site Present in the City

Interiors Apartments Interiors Bungalows Exteriors less than or equal to 3 Floors Exteriors - 4 to 6 floors Exteriors 7-12 floors Exteriors 13-20 Floors Exteriors 20+ floors

Please Tick

7.1 Why the contractors are not undertaking all the kind of sites present in the city? (Probe on: any limitation for not doing all kind sites in terms of unavailability of equipment like scaffolding/zhoola etc., labour required for doing exterior work for high rise building etc.) Our maximum customers are falls into this level only. Always we prefer to have short duration work as many individual house require our service rather than apartments moreover Bangalore has more indivudal houses than apartments.

8. **Kindly let us know the type of painting activity you are into?
Type of Painting Fresh Painting Repainting Both Code 1 2 3

9. Please let us know how requirements of fresh and repainting jobs are different and which is more convenient to the contractor? (Probe on: time requirement, labour requirement, profit margin, treatments that needs to be done etc.) Mostly we do outskirts where we found only new house hence fresh painting is more compare to repainting

10. Kindly let us know, of the total painting activity Painting / Repainting aspect Painting Activity Percentage (%) Re-painting --70---% Fresh Painting / New Painting --30---% may constitute TOTAL 100% 10.1 **In case of fresh painting what is the time given for curing of plaster (i.e. after how many days is primer/putty applied on a fresh cement plaster) 20 days_ as we are getting orders from other customer or owners are asking us to complete soon.

10.2 **In case if a product is developed which can be applied within 3-4 days on a fresh plaster will it offer a significant advantage and cost savings (Probe on: whether the product will be a game changer or If its more good in terms of quality we are ready to use it. But it should not affect our Image.

(Probe on: advantages in terms of reducing the lead time, can start the work immediately after the plaster is over, will it be beneficial to you and the builder to handover the site to the customer, please try to understand whether this will be a game changer or have moderate advantage.) 11 **Payment Structure with Dealers and Customers (Owner, CHS, Builder, Corporate, Government) Party Payment Structure Dealer 15 days Customer/Client (Owner/ CHS / 50% of the payment is taken as advance and remaining 50% Builder / Corporate/ Government) after completion of the work

12 Nature of contracts predominantly undertaken and why (Following options can arise) Material + Labour or Labour only

Painting Activity Material + Labour Labour Only TOTAL

Percentage (%) ---60--% --40--% 100%

13 Please let us know about the number of workers/labours and Labour rates (How does it vary for temporary and permanent workers) No. of permanent workers : ________7________ Total No. of temporary workers : _________2_______ Labour Rates (Wages) for permanent workers : Skilled ____3_____ Unskilled ___5_____ Labour Rates (Wages) for temporary workers : Skilled _____2___ Unskilled ____0____ Number of Labours who have attended training programmes: _________2__________ 14 Please let us know about the number of supervisors and average salaries Total No. of Supervisors _______1_____ Avg. Salary of supervisor Rs.____12000_____/15 Kindly let us know number of sites in progress ____3_______Nos.

16 What is your source for the lead generation? Out of the following lead generator to whom you prefer and not prefer to generate the lead? Probe: Consolidated reason for preferring and not preferring certain type of lead generators (Multiple options among the following may be possible) Particular YES/NO Reason for Preference Reason for Non-preference Dealer YES Dealers will help us in terms of Builders are giving us less getting more number of orders margin and they make our Builder NO and payment at delayed time Other Contractors NO Constructing contractors are Old Customer and YES also giving more leads as they Customer referrals are undertaking entire responsibility they use to give Government NO us more leads Corporate Customers NO Others (Please YES Specify)_____Constructi on Contractor_______

Site Specific Questions:

17 (Site Specific) Please let us know the details of the particular site at which you are working No of floors of the site (site specific) :________G + 2_____________________ 18 (Site specific question) Please let us know the kind of painting activity you are intoPainting Activity Interior Painting Exterior Painting Both Interior & Exterior Painting Code 1 2 3

18.1 **(Site Specific)In case of both exterior and interior what is the sequence of painting (One of the following is possible)

Type of Painting Done Exterior before interior Interior before exterior Simultaneous work

Code 1 2 3

18.2 (Site Specific) Reason for the sequence (probe on: ease of doing, other limitations in terms of labour or equipment etc. any particular benefit of the sequence in terms of better life of paint or the quality and finish that you get or any other benefit) We prefer to paint exteriors first as interior room can be used to store the material . And also we can watch the exterior while painting interior afer few days we will come to know exterior gets exact finish or not certain time due to environmental changes because of heavy rain or heavy summer we won t get exact expected finish affer finishing interior paint we can re work on exterior too.

19 (Site Specific) Is the site a fresh painting or a repainting site? Type of Painting Code Fresh Painting 1 Re-painting 2 20 **(Site Specific) Material + Labour or Labour only? Type of Labour? Type of Contract Code Type of Costing (Per Sq ft/Lump sum/Daily Wages) Material + Labour 1 Lumpsum Labour Only 2 TOTAL 3 20.1 (Site Specific) **Description of pricing method and what are the rates for the different components 20.1.1 Interior
Particulars Total Cost Labour Component for Putty Application 120000 Labour Component for Primer/Emulsion Application (Single Coat) 4000 Profit Margin 20000

Cost plus margin (Lump sum) Per square foot rates Daily Wages 20.1.2 Exterior
Particulars

200000

Total Cost

Cost plus margin (Lump sum) Per square foot rates Daily Wages

100000

Labour Component for Putty Application -

Labour Component for Primer/Emulsion Application (Single Coat) 3000

Profit Margin 10000

Which method is better and why?

Lump sum is better because we are much beneficial than other pay modes we will be getting good margin

21 ***(Site Specific) How was the site prepared for painting? What were/will be the steps involved for the exterior and interior painting? (Prbe on : if any deviation from the standard procedure please probe on the same a. Interior Painting (Site Specific) Steps What was done? Product used Tool used Reason Time gap after the step Step 1 Scrapping Filing Knife 0 days

Step 2

Waterproofing

Damp Block

Filing Knife/Brush

To plug the leakages. Moist surface

1 day

Step 3

Primer

Local Water Based Primer

Brush

2 days

Step 4

Putty

Birla Putty

Filing Knife

1 day

Step 5

1st Coat

Tractor Emulsion

Brush

Primer not applied after putty due to low budget of the customer

1 day

Step 6

2nd Coat

Tractor Emulsion

Brush+Sponge Sponge Roller used for hiding Roller brush marks

NA

Step 7

Scrapping

Filing Knife

0 days

Step 8

Step 9

Steps

b. Exterior Painting (Site Specific) What was done? Product used Tool used

Reason

Step 1

Washing

Bio wash

To remove the algal growth

Time gap after the step 3 days

Step 2

Cement Paint

Cement Paint

Brush

To fill cracks and give waterproofing

2 days

Step 3

1st Coat

Apex

Brush

Primer not applied as cement paint gives adhesive properties

1 day

Step 4

2nd Coat

Apex

Brush

Step 5

Step 6

Step 7

Step 8

Step 9

Note: a. Above question is site specific question. Please ask the contractor about the specific site, and not in general. b. Must probe and ask for the steps followed/will be followed by the contractor at that particular site in detail. c. Products and tools used for each of the step (please refer the show card)

22 ** (Site-Specific) what is the nature of the substrate and surface in the site? Type of Substrate Type Type of Sand (River Sand/Hill Sand etc.) River Sand Type of Interior Surface Brick Walls Cement Blocks Cement Plaster Mivan Shuttering Structure Lime Plaster POP *Repainting Rough #Repainting Smooth Type of Exterior Surface Brick Walls Cement Blocks Cement Plaster Mivan Shuttering Structure Lime Plaster *Repainting Rough #Repainting Smooth Yes/No

Yes

Yes

#Re-painting Smooth means: may be earlier putty and primer is applied. Consider such site as the smooth surface site. *Re-painting Rough means: directly distemper or emulsion is applied without the putty and primer. Consider such site as the rough surface site.

Area, Time & Cost Estimation:

23 Please let us know how the estimation of the area is done? (if it is done) Type of Method of Area Code Any cost attached to Painting Measurement it? Activity (Rs. Per 1000 Sq. Ft.) By your own using 1 Tape Outsourcing the 2 Interior Paint Measurement Team Rough Estimation 3 No Not Estimated 4 By your own using 5 No Tape Outsourcing the 6 Exterior Paint Measurement Team Rough Estimation 7 Not Estimated 8 23.1 If the method for interior& exterior is different why is it so? Inerior measurements require much calculation than exterior . Who bears the cost? Contractor / Customer

24 To be asked only if the contractor does exterior works for high rise buildings) Variation of rates with height and why does it happen Not applicable 25 ***Is the dilution for the rough surface is different than the smooth surface? Please elaborate the reason for the same? (Probe on : hiding, smoothness, ease of application, coverage) If the surface is rough, for the smoother finish we need to under-dilute the material

26 ***Is the dilution for the first coat is different than the second coat? (Probe on the costing, finishing, hiding) For interiors second coat is generally diluted more to save material costs as the hiding is already provided by lower dilution of primer and base coat.

27 ***Please let us know how much water/solvent you mixed per litre of the primer/ distemper/emulsionexterior and interior painting and how does it vary with type of surface Interior Painting Primer/Distemper/Emulsion Product First Coat (Qty of water/solvent Second Coat (Qty of mixed per ltr. Of the product) water/solvent mixed per ltr. Of the product) Royal Aspira 300 400 Royale Shyne 300 400 300 400 Royale Luxury Emulsion 400 500 Premium Emulsion 500 600 Tractor Emulsion 700 800 Distempers 100 Solvent Based Primer 800 Water Based Primer Exterior Painting Primer/Distemper/Emulsion Product First Coat (Qty of water/solvent mixed per ltr. Of the product)

Second Coat (Qty of water/solvent mixed per ltr. Of the product) 400 300 400

Ultima Protek 400 Apex Weatherproof Emulsion (Apex) 300 Apex Ultima (Ultima) 400 Ace Exterior Emulsion 1000 Exterior Wall Primer (Note: Refer the show card for the companies standard recommended dilution)

28 ***Why you dont follow the standard dilution suggested by the Asian paint for the particular product? Please see the standard dilutions from the show card and probe the contractor where he is deviating from the standard dilution. (Probe on : the material viscosity of the product. Also probe on what happens if diluted as per companys recommendation? hiding, surface finish, smoothness etc if diluted as per companies recommendation.) Its depends upon the individuals site specification of site its not that we wont follow their suggestion we follow their suggested material mixing methods according to customer budget and wish of coats we will change our dilution process

29 ***How much quantity of material would be required for each of the below products for an area of 1000 sq ft? Product Quantity for 1000 sq ft Exterior Wall Primer 8 lit Ace 20 lit 15 lit Apex Weatherproof Emulsion (Apex) 15 lit Apex Ultima (Ultima) Decoprime WT 7 lit Tractor Emulsion 10 lit Premium Emulsion 9 lit Royale Luxury Emulsion 8 lit 30 ***Please let us know the putty mixing method and putty application? Putty Mixing Method With Wood With Machine Code 1 2 Reason Faster work (can be done in 5 min. as compared to half an hour by hand), less tiring and the machine is available at a reasonable rate (at around 7000)

31 ***Please let us know the tool used for putty application? Tool used Code Reason Filing knife 1 This is the only tool available for the putty application Other 2 32 ***Primer application Tools Application Tool Code Brush 1 Brush + Sponge Roller 2 Felt Roller 3 Brush + Felt Roller 4 Spray Machine 5

Interior 1 2

Exterior 1

Reasons for the choice of the tool Roller not used on exteriors as the exterior surfaces are generally rough and hence roller is not effective

33 ***Emulsion application tools Application Tool Brush Brush + Sponge Roller Felt Roller Brush + Felt Roller Spray Machines Code 1 2 3 4 5 Interior 2 Exterior 1

Reasons for the choice of the tool Brush and Sponge roller used in interiors due to good finishing and hiding of brush marks. In exteriors surface is rough and brush marks are not very noticeable. Using only brush in exteriors is faster. Also it is very difficult to manage the rollers on the ladder

34 ***What is the dilution process for emulsions and primers a) Primers Process Code Entire drum diluted at once 1 Only required quantity is diluted 2 Reason If we done entire drum may we get wrong shades and it also evaporate bad smell

a) Emulsions Process Entire drum diluted at once Only required quantity is diluted Reason

Code 1 2

Emulsions last much longer when diluted as compared to primers and so for convenience entire material is diluted

35 **Tools used and problems associated with opening of drums and tins, sanding, scrapping of plaster etc. Activity Tools Used Opening of Drums and Tins Screw driver Sanding Sanding machine Scrapping of Plaster Filling knife 36 How is shade obtained? (If not tinted from dealer side then ask reason for self-tinting?) Tinting is done at dealer end mostly. However, sometimes colorants are added by self to obtain minor modifications

37 ***What is the lifetime of brushes and rollers? (In terms of Area and/or Number of Days of Use) Brushes Last around 2-3 days of full use Rollers Sponge rollers last 8-10 days of use. Can be used for 3-4 sites. Felt rollers last 3-4 days. 38 ***How are brushes and rollers cleaned and maintained? Left in water during lunch time. At end of day the brushes and rollers are washed and kept on shelves to dry

39 ***What are the Problems in paint companys products and packaging you noticed? (Any specific problems related to bad smell and shade variation also to be covered) Tractor Emulsion gives poor hiding particularly in dark shades Master stroke points not uploaded by the dealers Stronger handles needed for 4 lit packs

40 **What are the repainting times for the following products? Product Time after which next layer is applied Putty 2 days Primer 10 days

Reason Application takes time Product and shade selection generally takes time and is done after primer application Wait for customer approval regarding if the shade is correct

First coat of Paint

2 days

41 **What are the different methods and products used to deal with problems in the surface to be painted: Problems Products used to deal with problems *Undulations Putty *Cracks Dr Fixit *Waterproofing for Exterior Walls Dr Fixit *Waterproofing for Interior Walls Dr Fixit *Algal/Fungal growth Bio wash Peel off Chalking Sealer Lime Blooming Others 42 What are the safety measures/precautions you take? a) Equipment used Yes [1] No [2] Reason:

Do not do risky work. Most of the work is at low heights and with water based products.

b) Insurances Yes [1] No [2] Reason: Not necessary as no accidents have happened so far and customer has not asked for it.

43 **What kind of equipment you have to paint exterior of the building? Equipment Code Metal Scaffolding 1 Bamboo Scaffolding 2 Jhoola 3 Ladder 4 44 *** Please let us know do you use Spray Machines, Sanders etc.? Type of Painting Machines Yes/No Benefits Jet Pressure Wash No Crack Opening(Grinding) No Machine Interior Painting Spray Machine No Sanding Machine Yes Faster work and easier on the hand Jet Pressure Wash No Crack Opening(Grinding) No Machine Exterior Painting Spray Machine No Sanders Yes Faster work and easier on the hand 45 Please let us know the cost of the machines & equipment used by you for painting? What is the cost for each of them- Total Cost of Ownership, Maintenance Cost? Machines/Equipment Cost (Rs.) Maintenance Cost per year Jet Pressure Wash Crack Opening(Sanding) Machine Spray Machine Sanding Machine 10000 1000 Others ________________ TOTAL 46 Do you have scaffolding? Particulars Own labour and own material Own Labour with rented material Subcontracted Labour and Material Subcontracted labour and own material Dont Use Scaffolding

Code 1 2 3 4 5

Charges/Cost

47 Please let us know the Time taken (Man Days/Man Hours) to scaffold a fixed square feet of painting area (For ex. 1000 Sq. Ft)? Type of Scaffolding Time taken for per 1000 Sq. Ft. Metal NA Bamboo NA

48 What are your observations and experiences with different types of Sand used in the Plaster? Type of Sand Any other Coverage Dilution Finish Propensity for comments Crack Development Black Sand(Obtained from Hills) Low 10% Good High Extra Brown Sand(Obtained from Rivers) White Sand(Manufactured/Processed Sand) Any Others 49 Time taken to do a coat of Putty ? Type of painting Interior Painting Exterior Painting

Time taken to do coat per 1000 Sq. Ft. 2-3 man days 3-4 man days

50 Time Taken to do a coat of b) Primer c) Distemper/Emulsion in 1000 Sq.Ft. area in case of Brushing, Rolling and Spraying? Interior Painting Activity Time taken to do coat per 1000 Sq. Ft. Brush Brush + Roller Only Roller Spray Machine Primer 1 man day 1-2 man days Distemper/Emulsion 1 man day 1-2 man days Exterior Painting Activity Primer Emulsion Brush 2 man days 2 man days Time taken to do coat per 1000 Sq. Ft. Brush + Roller Only Roller Spray Machine

50.1 Time taken to do textures through a)Trowel b)Spraying Machines (for interior painting only) Time taken per sq. ft. Trowel 20 hours for 1000 sq ft Spray Machine

Thanks!!! Name of the Interviewer: _ MANOJ ___________________________________________________

Date: ___30/03/2014__________________