2014 ELECTIVES

PRIMER
First Semester
Special thanks to our contributors:

Detdet Eugenio Ken Lukban
Margo Remollo Claudia Squillantini
Jeanne Carla Ferrer Richard Bautista
Mars Cario Nico Martin
Belle Razon Joanne Macabagdal
Karen Santos Jei Estremadura
Angelica Chua Allen Gerona
Sheena Tengco Rose Cupin
Armand Dulay Bang Dizon
Janine Mesina Jackie Anzures
Laine Lumanog Chikit Pabilane
Patty Sta. Maria Roan Salanga
JT Taylo Hailin Quintos
Ysabel Trinidad
Ateneo Law Student Council 2014-2015

ARMAND DULAY
President

CYNDY DELA CRUZ MOHAMMAD ESTRELLA
Internal Vice-President External Vice-President

ENRIQUE NITURA HARVEY BILANG
Treasurer Secretary-General

SHEENA TENGCO JOHANNE BAUTISTA
4
th
Year Representative 3
rd
Year Representative

MICHAEL VILLANUEVA
2
nd
Year Representative
REMINDERS:
Juniors are required to take 5 units
of electives per semester. (one 1-unit,
and two 2-unit electives)

Seniors are required to take 6 units
of electives per semester.

Seniors Online Enlistment:
May 7, Wednesday, 9am.

Juniors Online Enlistment:
May 9, Friday, 9am.
How to enlist?
1. Scroll down to the elective subject area (bottom
part of the screen) and youll see a dropbox.
2. Click the dropbox, then you can start choosing
an elective.
3. Once you found your desired elective, click
Add to List.
4. Click Save. Note: Elective slots are not considered
yours unless you save it and the status does not say
no slots available.
5. Repeat steps 2, 3, 4 until you have gotten all
your electives.
6. Check the boxes of your core subjects.
7. Click Assess.
8. Choose mode of payment.
9. Print the printer-friendly version.
One-unit Electives
First Semester
Law on Franchising
The course undertakes a study of the nature and implication of business format franchising, its essential
requisites and components, as well as the impact of the various provisions of the Intellectual Property Code
on the terms of the franchise agreement, and analyze the legal relationships between and among the various
parties crafting effective franchise agreements that looks at the protection of the rights of the parties covered
by such agreements.

Professor: Atty. Carlo Certeza Grade Range: 90 pababa
Work load: Light Materials used: Powerpoints from his lectures.
Demand: High Sometimes provisions from the Civil Code, IP code.

Teaching style: He lectures, and conducted recit only once, that one meeting he asked us to bring codal.
Otherwise the class is just him talking. He gave us all an 85 even though only two 3 people recited...ever.

Exams style: MT: will be a report/paper you guys will do individually. He'll ask you to visit the franchise
expo they hold every year and pose as people interested in buying a franchise, then report on your
experience. It's a pretty fun activity. He gave us all a uniform grade of 85 for our papers.
Finals: Last year was true or false. The year before was MCQ. A few tricky questions, but over-all doable.
Most of us got 100. Some got 2 mistakes. The MCQ from the year before us was harder, but not really hard.
Just read his powerpoints. Make sure your beadle asks for the powerpoints, since during our time, he forgot
to give us one out of the three powerpoints. Try to take notes. Not really needed, but just to be sure.

Other helpful comments: This is possibly the chillest elective ever. A big plus is that the subject matter is pretty
interesting and Atty. Certeza can be funny at times. It might be a bit dragging, but it'll pick up. We don't have a
franchise law in the Philippines so it's interesting to learn about how we regulate it. It's a good 1 unit elective. Try to
stay awake and be polite. Keep him in a good mood, and be interested in the subject.
Law on Natural Resources


A study of the constitutional provisions and special laws governing natural resources, their use and
disposition.

Professor: Atty. Ronaldo Gutierrez Grade Range: High 90s
Work load: Average Materials used: Constitutional provisions on
Demand: High natural resources.

Teaching style: No graded recitations. He calls students every now and then but the questions he asks
are practical and opinions.

Exams style: No midterm written exam. The class has to organize a forum on a topic assigned by the
professor in lieu of the midterm exams.
No final exam. There will be an individual report (5-10 mins) on a topic submitted by the student and
approved by the professor in lieu of the final examinations.

Other helpful comments: The professor is a cool professor. Very lenient and understanding. Just make
sure that you follow his house rules that he will discuss in the beginning of the sem. He gives
additional points for complete attendance too.
Legal Accounting Standards


The course is designed to teach basic principles of accounting to enable the law student to understand the
principles of books used by merchants and the financial statements of business organizations.

Professor: Dr. Cesar Mansibang Grade Range: 90-95
Work load: Light Materials used: Comprehensive set of handouts to
Demand: Heavy be provided by the professor.

Teaching style: Lecture, answering exercises, homework.

Exams style: No midterm exam. For finals, final paper or compilation of exercises.

Other helpful comments: After the first meeting, he will ask the class to give 3 2-page reflection papers for 3
articles he wrote, the grades on these will usually be the basis for the final grade.
Legal Counselling
(comments taken from last years primer)

This course is a practice-oriented treatment of effective handling of clients. The participation of non-
law students in the exercise is an important component of the course.

Professor: Atty. Eugenio Villareal Grade Range: 81-90
Work load: Average Materials used:
Demand: Low

Teaching style: Atty. Villareal is very practical and easygoing. He gives a lot of tips about the practice of law
itself. Legal Counseling is a practical subject. Members of the class were asked to form their own law firms,
where they created their own vision statement, designed their own office space, and learned how to present
arguments to a pretend client, who will decide whether or not to hire your firm

Exams style: Exams are group work. The groups had to pitch proposed plans to a pretending client.

Other helpful comments: You have to meet with your groupmates to ensure that you are on the same page
for class presentations and the exams. It is advisable to group with people you work well with.
Special Penal Laws


The study includes related offenses provided in special laws, such as the Dangerous Drugs Act, the
Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act, the law on wire-tapping and related violations of
communication, the Anti-Carnapping Law, the Gambling Law, and the Cattle Rustling Act.

Professor: Judge Oscar Pimentel Grade Range: High 80s-90s. He curves.
Work load: Light Materials used: Revised Penal Code. Special Penal
Demand: Average Laws. Case list will be provided.

Teaching style: Pure lecture. Super chill class. Probably your recit grade will be based on your attendance.
But then again, it's only a speculation. No need to worry about recits so you can come to class without
reading anything beforehand. Just make sure you have enough time to review for the midterms and finals
because the coverage tends to be very long. Judge P tries to cover as many SPL's as possible.

Exams style: MCQ and Essay. Based on codal provisions mostly so studying the codal should be enough.
Just don't wait to because the coverage tends to be very long. Finals not comprehensive.

Other helpful comments: Very important subject for the bar. Make sure you enroll in an SPL class.
Special Penal Laws


The study includes related offenses provided in special laws, such as the Dangerous Drugs Act, the
Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act, the law on wire-tapping and related violations of
communication, the Anti-Carnapping Law, the Gambling Law, and the Cattle Rustling Act.

Professor: Justice Dennis Villa-Ignacio Grade Range: High 70s-Low 90s.
Work load: Average Materials used: Boado and/or Campanilla SPL.
Demand: Average

Teaching style: Rounds for recits. Not everyone had the opportunity to recite. If you were under him
for Crim 1 or 2, same style: Be comprehensive.

Exams style: Samplexes are useful. But be sure of your answers because he gives *really* low grades if
you answered wrongly [like .25 of 5].

Other helpful comments: Listen to his discussion. You will learn a lot and the subject is helpful for the Bar.
His exams are really hard and he fails students. Do not take this class.
Two-unit Electives
First Semester
Appellate Practice and Brief Making


The course is designed to provide students with the skills necessary to successfully litigate appeals before the
CA and SC. Emphasis will be placed on practical training including appellate procedure, oral and written
presentation and methodology. Brief writing and other aspects of modern appellate practice are also
covered.

Professor: Justice Magdangal De Leon Grade Range: 85-90
Work load: Average-heavy Materials used: Codal and cases. But he has a
Demand: Low book already that he wrote that came out a few
months ago which might be useful in class

Teaching style: Recitation rounds depending on the number of names you have from most to least;
sometimes voluntary. One time big time recit. Digests will do. Use the Rules of Court. He also has a very
thin book. Subject is not that challenging. Just prepare. Hes also very lenient.

Exams style: MCQ-20%, Essay-80%. Samplexes are useful. His favorite topic is Certiorari.

Other helpful comments: Very useful subject matter. Excellent prof but may show a bit of favoritism with
girls. He allows people to go out to the restroom, you can eat in class, but try not to look at your notes when
you recite - he'll praise you for it.
Appellate Practice and Brief Making

The course is designed to provide students with the skills necessary to successfully litigate appeals before the
CA and SC. Emphasis will be placed on practical training including appellate procedure, oral and written
presentation and methodology. Brief writing and other aspects of modern appellate practice are also
covered.

Professor: Justice Alexander Gesmundo Grade range: Mid-High 80s
Work load: Heavy Materials used: Book by Judge Bersamin (on
Demand: Low appellate practice and brief making); relevant
laws and assigned jurisprudence.

Teaching style: 1 recit only, rounds. You recite for 30min - 1hr on the average. He just tells you the general
topic the week before and you study as much as you can. You have no idea where he'll get the questions but
he expects you to know the answer. He can be strict and a little insulting during recits but funny sometimes.

Exams style: Midterm exam will cover rules 40-65 and other laws or provisions and cases assigned.
Purely essay na objective or situational. Not samplex-based.
Final exam is a final paper, which is an appellant/appellee's brief.

Other helpful comments: Don't use your phone. Take note of everything he says. Read the assigned cases
even if he doesn't discuss them in class. He appreciates attendance. Always have the codal with you
Appellate Practice and Brief Making
(some comments are taken from last years primer)


The course is designed to provide students with the skills necessary to successfully litigate appeals before the
CA and SC. Emphasis will be placed on practical training including appellate procedure, oral and written
presentation and methodology. Brief writing and other aspects of modern appellate practice are also
covered.

Professor: Atty. Guevarra Grade Range: High 80s
Work load: Average Materials used: Riano book; reviewer
Demand: High

Teaching style: Recitation rounds. Atty. Guevarras method is a combination of recit and lecture.

Exams style: Midterm and Final exams are in essay. Few objective questions, but mostly the questions are
problem solving.

Other helpful comments: Use codal. Regalado book can also be helpful. You should read the few (around 4
6) cases in the original. These are not long cases.
ASEAN Economic Relations, Law & Policy


This course examines the trade policies of the Association of Southeast Nations (ASEAN). It considers the
ASEAN Charter and all the other treaties governing ASEAN, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
(GATT), the World Trade Organization, and the Asia-Pacific Economic Conference (APEC).

Professor: Atty. Aris Gulapa Grade Range: 80s, sometimes 90+.
Work load: Average-heavy Materials used: He sends reading materials per
Demand: Average week. No book required.

Teaching style: Recitation is voluntary. He doesn't call people but he expects them to participate in class. If
no one participates, that's the time he'll call on people. He doesn't ask anything that is not in the material
that he gave. He appreciates those who give their opinions in class.

Exams style: Midterms: pure essay. Final exam: presentation / group report conducted one week before the
final exams week. Make an effort.

Other helpful comments: You will definitely learn a lot from Aris as he is very knowledgeable about the
subject matter. He gives a 5-10 minute break in between the class. Try not to piss off Aris, he has certain pet
peeves that you should be aware of (i.e. calling him Sir, he prefers to be called by his first name). You'll enjoy
his class if he's in a good mood, basta, general rule is PARTICIPATE IN CLASS! If no one participates,
he'll become a little bit bitchy.
Banking Law I (General Banking)


The rules and regulations governing banks and non-bank financial intermediaries, including the Central
Bank Act and the major Central Bank Circulars, rules and regulations.

Professor: Atty. Jose Maria Joey Hofilea Grade Range: High 80s-90s
Work load: Heavy Materials used: Central Bank Banking book; codal;
Demand: Average Dy Banking reviewer with digests

Teaching style: Recitation is random rounds. Hes very fair and nice. Helpful materials are just the readings
and cases assigned.

Exams style: Hes a new professor, so no samplex. Just study and focus on everything he discussed in class.
Objective and situational type of exam, both for midterm and final exams.

Other helpful comments: Atty. Hofi is super kind and never embarrasses students. He will lead you during
recits. Just have to read the cases carefully. Class sched is at 12nn during our time, he checks attendance and
respects cut. He checks attendance twice, once at the start of class, and after the break. You may cut for an
hour only once he checks attendance after an hour. He's very nice but don't take the subject for granted
especially since it's a bar subject. It will come in handy when you take commercial law review. Some got low
in our exams but if you study, you can get 90s.
Childrens Rights Law
This elective course aims to introduce the students to the legal framework of protection for children and the psycho-social
dimensions of handling children's rights cases. The Convention on the Rights of the Child is used to provide the background
on an international level. The course is divided further into specific clusters of rights of children in relation to Philippine
laws, issuances, rules of court and jurisprudence. In each cluster the legal psycho-social issues affecting certain groups of
children (sexually and physically abused, children in conflict with the law, child laborers, children in situations of armed
conflict, trafficked children, displaced and refugee children, indigenous children, etc...) are discussed in order to understand
in a holistic manner the plight of children within the legal system. The methods used in teaching the course include lectures,
workshop exercises and mock trial. Students will also be exposed to actual case handling in coordination with the ALS Legal
Services Center and the Human Rights Center.

Professor: Atty. Patricia Sison-Arroyo / Fr. Lito Mangulabnan
Work load: Heavy Materials used: Around 10-15 cases. Codal heavy.
Demand: Average A lot of laws that focus on various rights of a child
Grade Range: Recit: 83-93; MT: 76-93; such as Adoption Law, Anti-Child Abuse Law, etc.
Finals: (moot court) 87-90. PPTs and handouts from Fr. Lito.

Teaching style: Fr. Lito will not ask you to recite but he will ask for your insights and personal opinions
regarding certain issues. Atty. PSA conducts rounds recits. She asks really hard questions but all the answers
are found on the materials provided. Know the codal provisions by heart and read the cases in the original
since she is fond of asking for minor details mentioned in the case (e.g. what is the name of the mother, how
old is the child, etc).

Exams style: Not samplex-based. No advance exam. Study codal, know CRC by heart. Study Fr.s ppts.

Other helpful comments: For the recit/exams, study the codal. This is a good suplement for your Civl Law
Review I (Persons). For the juniors, you can get potential thesis topics from this elective.
Clinical Legal Education I
(comments taken from last years primer)


Supervised student practice under Rule 135-A of the Rules of Court, including conference with
clients, preparation of pleadings and motions, appearance in court, handling of trial, preparation of
memorandum. Use of video equipments and computers will enhance training in direct and cross
examination techniques.

Professor: Atty. Patricia Sison-Arroyo Grade Range: High 80s-mid 90s.
Work load: Light-average Materials used: Codal and cases. But he has a
Demand: Low book already that he wrote that came out a few
months ago which might be useful in class

Teaching style: Voluntary recits and high grades. Also, if you haven't already completed your 240 hours of
internship, completing this class, along with CLED II, will complete the necessary hours. There were only a
few recits during this time. Just read the assigned work. The recits at the time were voluntary, but this might
change.

Exams style: No written exam, only recitation and group papers.

Other helpful comments: Ma'am is super nice, just don't get her angry. For CLED scheduling however, if
you have one friend to hang out with, its okay. Note that there are only four people for a particular schedule,
one from Ma'am Pady's class and the other from Sir Sembrano's class.
Clinical Legal Education I
(comments taken from last years primer)

Supervised student practice under Rule 135-A of the Rules of Court, including conference with clients,
preparation of pleadings and motions, appearance in court, handling of trial, preparation of memorandum.
Use of video equipments and computers will enhance training in direct and cross examination techniques.

Professor: Atty. Gilbert Sembrano Grade Range: 85-92
Work load: Heavy Materials used: Codal and cases. But he has a
Demand: Low book already that he wrote that came out a few
months ago which might be useful in class

Teaching style: Read the assignment before attending class. He will most likely give a quiz/seatwork/
groupwork before it is discussed. CLED duty is serious and students usually draft pleadings and reports to
be used in actual cases. Students also draft pleadings (as seatworks and homeworks) as practice exercises.
Students need to work extra hours to prepare for a case while also doing their class work. Aside from the
two hours of classroom lecture and seatworks/group exercises, students are also required to report for 2
hour duty at CLED in a week, and 20 hours duty at the Public Attorney's Office at Makati City Hall. PAO
duty also requires a visit at the Makati City Jail. Atty. Sembrano usually gives short quizzes or group
exercises every class. Midterms and Finals are usually papers, and quizzes are considered part of recitations.
Quizzes are given before the topic is discussed so you really have to read the assigned readings.

Exams style: No exam. Only quizzes and papers.

Other helpful comments: Atty. Sembrano is very generous with grades but very strict with CLED and PAO duties,
attendance, punctuality, and student output. You have to take the subject and the cases assigned to you seriously or
he will file a disciplinary case against you that could get you expelled from Ateneo.Beadles get +1 in the final grade.
Copyright & Related Rights

This copyright course emphasizes the various legislations on copyright and related rights and aims to
provide the student with an in-depth and up-to-date knowledge of the general principles of copyright and
related rights law. The course also introduces the international treaties on copyright and related rights, the
role of WIPO and the WTO in the worldwide protection of copyright and related rights, as well as recent
developments and trends in the area of international copyright and related rights.

Professor: Atty. Ferdinand Negre Grade Range: Recit: high; Exams: 80s
Work load: Very heavy Materials used: Follow the syllabus given per
Demand: High meeting. Read the provisions, journals, and cases in
the original. No required book.

Teaching style: Regular recits, 15-20 average cases per meeting, mostly AmJur. He asks students to
recite 2-4 cases; shuffles cards after bathroom breaks or during class so you still have to listen
attentively even after you're grilled. Read separate opinion or dissent if any. He's very particular about
details and he knows if you read digests.

Exams style: Midterm: MCQ, essay, memo writing. Make sure you know the provisions, MCQ is very
tricky. Not samplex based. For finals: MCQ, situation-based essay.

Other helpful comments: The workload is very heavy, dont take it if youre not into IP, BUT taking this
subject's really worth it specially because it's a bar subject. Read the cases in the original, read separate
opinions and dissent. Listen attentively to discussions, some of the midterm questions were situations asked
during class. Use your pleasing personality to bargain for voluntary recit the meeting after midterms, or
before finals.

Environmental Regulations


A study of concepts and principles affecting environmental laws, including constitutional considerations and
effect of legislations relating to the environment. Specifically, the course focuses on population and human
resources, food security, ecosystems resource for development, energy, industry, land use, and environmental
litigation.

Professor: Atty. Ronaldo R. Gutierrez Grade Range: High 80s-90s (depends if he likes the
Work load: Average class)
Demand: High Materials used: He gives readings.

Teaching style: No form of recit. Informal recit. He asks whether you have read the assigned readings and is
also very eager to know your opinion regarding the specific topics in class. He likes it when you can link the
readings to practical situations. While his reading load is quite heavy, there will be no exams and most
output would be papers.

Exams style: For midterm: a paper. For finals: we made comments about a particular law, and another paper.
2 years ago, his finals was a group project, which is making an ordinance.

Other helpful comments: Be bibo! And just read his assigned readings.
Global Legal Practice


The course is designed to provide students with the skills necessary to successfully litigate appeals before the
CA and SC. Emphasis will be placed on practical training including appellate procedure, oral and written
presentation and methodology. Brief writing and other aspects of modern appellate practice are also
covered.

Professor: Atty. Monalisa C. Dimalanta Grade Range: Low 80s-high 90s
Work load: Light Materials used: Professor will provide all the
Demand: High reading materials. 3-5 materials per session.

Teaching style: The recits are voluntary. It's more about "sharing" of opinions and experiences rather than
the normal law school recits. There will be quizzed as well on the reading materials. Objective type.
Remember the acronyms and important concepts.

Exams style: No midterm exam. Instead we had to come up with a Partnership Agreement. You're supposed
to group yourselves and create a firm. Create a partnership agreement that should be comprehensive enough
to cover the many aspects about running a firm. For final exam, we had a Debate.

Other helpful comments: There will be a lot of group output. It's great to have someone creative in your
group for the presentations. It's a pretty light subject because you don't have to be scared about recits or
exams. Make your Partnership Agreement really comprehensive. Go outside of what's in a standard
partnership agreement. Do well in your debate. The grade will be worth it if you put in the effort.
Humanitarian Law in Armed Conflicts
(comments taken from last years primer)

The course studies the rules of international law relating to the protection of non-combatants during armed
conflicts, to the risks to individuals or groups not taking part in the hostilities and to large-scale violations of
human rights. It examines the rules on resort to armed force, those that govern the conduct of operations
and weapons, and the rules designed to protect the 'victims of war', including issues relating to refugees in
the context of armed conflicts. The course will inquire into the means available under international law to
prevent and to provide remedies for violations of the rules. At appropriate stages of the course, the overlap
with the human rights regime is taken into consideration. Case studies throughout the course will be taken
from real conflict situations. Since the rules reflect not only humanitarian concerns but also political
imperative and military necessities, the course will also consider how the rules could be improved.

Professor: Atty. Sarah Lou Y. Arriola / Atty. Ray Paolo J. Santiago
Work load: Average-heavy Materials used: Codal and cases. But he has a
Demand: Low book already that he wrote that came out a few
Grade Range: 80s-90s

Teaching style: Both professors usually conduct random recitations every meeting. Occasionally, they give
the questions in advance, but the sequence of students to be called remains random. Just read the assigned
readings for the day and you should be fine. One of the professors will give the Midterm exam and the other
will be the one to give the Finals.

Exams style: Mixed MCQs and essay.

Other helpful comments: Just read the assigned readings for the day.
International Commercial Transactions


The course focuses on the most frequent legal problems that arise from the sale of goods when the seller and
the buyer are based in different countries. The course includes discussion on the legal framework underlying
international sale transactions and examines the risks inherent in international trade and the means by
which these can be contained.

Professor: Dean Roy Joseph M. Rafols Grade Range: 85-90
Work load: Average-heavy Materials used: Cases, handouts and readings to be
Demand: High provided and assigned. He will also give a book to
be photocopied.

Teaching style: Random recitation. Discussion on the readings and the cases found in the readings.

Exams style: Open notes. Generally samplexes.

Other helpful comments: Attend the class and read the assigned readings and cases. He dismisses the class
early, and will finish the course early.
International Competition Law

This course aims to give an overview on the basics of Competition/Antitrust Law from an international perspective
through a comparison of the main jurisdictions and thus provide a solid background for further studies on this
subject. All fundamental topics will be included, such as the economics of competition/antitrust law, merger
regulation, abuse of a dominant market position, horizontal and vertical agreements, public policies, competition
rules in different industry sectors, enforcement, etc.

Professor: Atty. Anthony A. Abad / Atty. Barcenas
Work load: Average Materials used: A LOT of readings from the profs.
Demand: Average Grade Range: Recit: 99-100; MT: 60s-90s; Finals: 70s-90

Teaching style: It depends who's teaching. Both Atty. Abad and Atty. Barcenas conduct recitation, and Atty.
Barcenas will be teaching the class around 75% of the time. When Atty. Abad handles the discussion, the lectures
are very interesting and he engages the class quite well. He'll ask recits, but he keeps the atmosphere relaxed and
interesting. When Atty. Barcenas handles the discussion, she takes the readings one by one, so you really have to
read in detail. She'll ask for what's in the readings but she'll be considerate if you can't answer.

Exams style: MT: open books, hand outs, readings, everything. The test was largely subjective because it was a
"make your own competition law" kind of thing, but we never got our blue books back and some got really low but
some got good grades (as in bagsak) so we really can't say what worked and what didn't.
Finals: paper on an area of trade law. Try to make it as organized as possible. It'll be Atty. Barcenas checking the
papers and she knows a lot about whatever she teaches so don't put too much bs

Other helpful comments: This class is a strange mix of challenging but chill. Suggestion: before the next class, assign
a few people already per reading, so that when voluntary recits come they don't need to call on people. Maybe make
summaries per reading (like digests) just so you don't get lost when the profs start throwing around eco terms. This
class may require teamwork in that sense. Keep the class lively and you'll have an okay time.
International Economic Law I
(taken from last years primer)


The course is designed to provide students with the skills necessary to successfully litigate appeals before the
CA and SC. Emphasis will be placed on practical training including appellate procedure, oral and written
presentation and methodology. Brief writing and other aspects of modern appellate practice are also
covered.

Professor: Atty. Anthony Abad / Atty. Edzyl Magante
Work load: Depends on whos teaching
Demand: High
Grade Range: 90-able

Teaching style: Atty. Abad sessions are light. Hes reasonable when it comes to grading and lambing-able.
Workload is mostly papers and recits, so study hard for the recits.

Exams style: No written exams. Only recitations and papers.

Other helpful comments: This course is heavy on macroeconomics. Theres also a focus on WTO (World
Trade Organization) and GATT (General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs), as well as dispute resolutions.
International Human Rights


The course is designed to provide students with the skills necessary to successfully litigate appeals before the
CA and SC. Emphasis will be placed on practical training including appellate procedure, oral and written
presentation and methodology. Brief writing and other aspects of modern appellate practice are also
covered.

Professor: Atty. Amparita Sta. Maria / Atty. Ray Santiago / Atty. Ryan Quan
Work load: Average-heavy Materials used: CD of materials will be provided;
Demand: Average reviewers/summaries of readings; weekly readings.
Grade Range: Low 80s-90

Teaching style: Recitation can be rounds or voluntary, based on assigned readings. Just read the materials.
Reasonable questions, more on how you process the materials than objective answers.

Exams style: MT: MCQ and essay, not samplex based. Questions are well distributed. Finals: Paper on an
assigned human rights topic per person. High grades are given for the papers.

Other helpful comments: This is a gold mine for thesis topics. This is helpful to get an international human
rights perspective on your thesis.

Dont believe what the profs tell you. Just read the assigned readings and youll be fine. If youre not
interested in the subject matter, do not take this.
International Securities Regulations

The subject covers fundamental concepts of securities regulation contained in the Securities Regulation
Code and related laws. The subject will deal principally with the anti-fraud provisions of the Securities and
Regulation Code, regulation of publicly listed companies and regulation of the securities business. Students
will be introduced to topics like market manipulation, insider trading, material nonpublic information, short
swing profits, proxy solicitation, tender offers, broker-dealer rule, broker-director rule, self-regulatory
organizations and other basic concepts in securities regulation. Enforcement mechanisms such as consent
decree, nolo contendere, private right of action and treble damage suits will also be part of the subject.
Relevant rules of the Philippine Stock Exchange will also be taken up. Since there is a dearth of Philippine
case law on securities regulation, foreign cases that interpret similar provisions of Philippine securities laws
will also be part of the subject. Public Offering and Stock Exchange Listings which focus more on the
regulation of securities, particularly the requirements and procedures for registering securities and listing of
shares of stock for public offerings in the stock market.

Professor: Atty. Francisco Lim Grade Range: High 80s-90s
Work load: Very heavy Materials used: No book. Just a lot of US cases
Demand: High and CODAL, CODAL.

Teaching style: Usually, the class isn't that big so you will recite multiple times in one day. That is a
good thing though because you have multiple times to redeem yourself.

Exams style: Tests are fair. If you go to class and listen, you will pass. Finals is comprehensive.

Other helpful comments: Highly recommended. Atty. Lim can be tough but its worth it!
Investment & Foreign Incentives Law

Under international comparative format, the course compares with international laws and standards the
Philippine investment and foreign incentive regime under the Omnibus Investment Code of 1987, the
Foreign Investment Act of 1991, the BOT Law the pertinent rules and regulations issued by the Board of
Investments, the relevant Central Bank rules on registration of foreign investments, and tax regulations
covering foreigners doing business in the Philippines.

Professor: Atty. Jose Joey Hofilea Grade Range: 80s-90s
Work load: Average Materials used: Cases and codal (Foreign
Demand: Average Investments Act)

Teaching style: Traditional law-school teaching style. Recits are based on the cases. There are a lot of cases
to read but you only need to focus on the relevant concepts. Studying time is about 2 hours per meeting (you
only meet once a week). Atty Hofilena is extremely nice. If you forget the facts or give a wrong answer, he'll
give hints and guide you to the correct answer. Recits are done in rounds. He also gives high grades for recits
(nothing below 80, probably).

Exams style: For midterm and finals, pure essay. 9 questions, 10 points each. The last 10 points is a bonus.
He gives bonus points just for taking the test! He is stricter when in comes to written exams. He sort of puts
a premium on the student's writing style.

Other helpful comments: Very chill class, but very useful. You can negotiate with him (ex. you can ask for a
freecut after the midterms week). The concepts you learn here is applicable in your other subjects (ex.
Transpo) so pay attention in class. He does not observe the school dress code in his class.
Investment & Foreign Incentives Law

Under international comparative format, the course compares with international laws and standards the
Philippine investment and foreign incentive regime under the Omnibus Investment Code of 1987, the
Foreign Investment Act of 1991, the BOT Law the pertinent rules and regulations issued by the Board of
Investments, the relevant Central Bank rules on registration of foreign investments, and tax regulations
covering foreigners doing business in the Philippines.

Professor: Dr. George Carmona Grade Range: 80s-90s
Work load: Heavy Materials used: Cases and codal.
Demand: Low

Teaching style: Recitation rounds. He likes it when students volunteer and participate. The workload is
mostly group work.

Exams style: For midterm, case-based. For finals, final paper.

Labor Law Review


An integration of Labor Standard and Labor Relations, including a survey of jurisprudence in labor.

Professor: Atty. Marlon Manuel Grade Range: 80s. Can be 90s.
Work load: Average Materials used: Codal provisions, IRRs, cases;
Demand: High Azucena green book.

Teaching style: Random recitations. Since the class is large, you'll only get called once. Questions - codal and
application. Very practical questions. Focus on codal. Read the IRR. Atty. Glenn Tuazon Notes are very
helpful.

Exams style: Midterm and final exams: MCQ-20%, Essay-80%. Focus on what he discussed in class.
Samplexes.

Other helpful comments: General advice to those who will be taking this elective is to LISTEN to his
lectures and class discussions because what was discussed in class will surely come out on the exams. He
hates it when there are a lot of absent students.

This is a useful class especially for Labor Relations. I only understood the subject matter when I took up
this elective because Atty. Manuel presents it in a logical manner and he really explains it in such a way that
students will understand it.

If you're the type of person who is more bar-oriented when it comes to picking electives, take this elective!
But I think this is usually reserved for seniors.
Laws on Immigration
(comments taken from last years primer)


This course will extensively discuss Philippine immigration, registration and citizenship laws and examine
the impact of current rules and regulations vis--vis domestic and international policies on immigration. It
will also provide a comparative and basic analysis of immigration laws of other countries such as United
States, Australia, Canada, Japan, and Germany.

Professor: Atty. Siegfred Mison Grade Range: --
Work load: Average Materials used: Course outline (laws & cases);
Demand: Low other materials are assigned a week in advance.

Teaching style: The course format is a mix of lecture and voluntary recitation. Do not let this be an excuse to
be complacent as the teacher may opt to call from the deck especially if the class is not participative. It
would be best to cover all the topics assigned for each session so you would be prepared to recite on any of
the topics given. Memorization may be necessary for some topics (e.g. grounds for deportation, kinds of
visas, procedure for registration, etc.)

Exams style: Exams are in MCQ and essay.

Other helpful comments: Workload is average but expect workload to increase during the latter part of the
semester as several group outputs and exercises will be required. Taking the course with friends would make
it easier for you to form a group but it really does not give you any other advantage. Taking the course alone
should not be a problem.
Merger and Acquisitions


The course provides the students with an understanding of the provisions in the Corporate Code on the
requirements and procedures that must be complied with for mergers and acquisitions, and the various types
of sales involving company enterprises and the implications in terms of the extent of liabilities attendant
thereto.

Professor: Atty. Lily Gruba / Atty. Jorge Melo Grade Range: Low 80s-90s
Work load: Average Materials used: CLVs Book (chapter on mergers
Demand: Average and acquisitions for 1
st
half); readings to be
provided for the 2
nd
half.

Teaching style: Recitation rounds.

Exams style: Exams are samplex-based.

Other helpful comments: Atty. Melo teaches for the bulk of the sem, just listen to his lectures.
Provisional Remedies


An intensive study of provisional reliefs under Rule 57-61 of the Rules of Court, including a survey of
pertinent decisions of the Supreme Court. The course also covers the special rules on the writ of amparo and
habeas data.

Professor: Atty. Jorge Melo Grade Range: Mid 80s-90s
Work load: Average Materials used: Assigned cases.
Demand: High

Teaching style: Recitation on cases and important codal provisions. Recite only the portions relevant to
the topic.

Exams style: For midterm and finals, he asks fair questions, mostly from the things he mentions in class. He
allows early midterms. Samplex-based. No long answers, straight to the point.

Other helpful comments: For exams, he doesnt like it if the student gives a shot gun answer. Answer the
question yes or no, then legal basis.
Public-Private Partnership

The course is designed to provide students with the skills necessary to successfully litigate appeals before the
CA and SC. Emphasis will be placed on practical training including appellate procedure, oral and written
presentation and methodology. Brief writing and other aspects of modern appellate practice are also
covered.

Professor: Atty. Alberto Agra Grade Range: 80s
Work load: Heavy Materials used: No book. Materials to be provided.
Demand: Low

Teaching style: Recitation every meeting but this are rounds. Just read the materials assigned. Tip: Get a
copy of his PPP book in the lib, this would be a great supplement to your readings. His recits are pretty
intense since most of his questions are practical application of what you have read. He also tends to jump
from one subject to another. Look for facial ques on whether you are answering correctly or not.

Exams style: Class paper for midterms. Finals was an oral exam. Even though the coverage is
comprehensive, the manner that Atty. Agra conducts his oral exam is very light. Answer as best as you can
and spill everything that you know about the question. He allows advance finals.

Other helpful comments: Read and study diligently for the class because Atty. Agra likes precise answers.
(e.g. he would want you to enumerate all) At the same time, the recitations are not just mere memorization,
some analysis is necessary. Write down notes during classes because this will help you in reviewing during
the finals.
Refugee Law
This course aims to provide the studetns with an overview of the history of the influx of Indochinese Refugees from
the '70s and '80s, including the process of screening asylum-seekers during this period; to examine the existing status
determination procedure under Philippine law; amd, to discuss the current legal issues surrounding the
implementation of other provisions of the Convention. The course will utilize a Clinical Legal Education approach
which will enable the students to be exposed to actual cases of refugee status determination before the Department
of Justice and naturalization proceedings.

Professor: Atty. Gallardo (from UNHCR) Grade Range: Low 80s-90s
Work load: Very heavy Materials used: Materials to be provided by prof.
Demand: Low

Teaching style: The recitations are really about the readings. If you read them and took note of the important
concepts you'll be fine. But sometimes, Atty. Gallardo likes asking out-of-the-box questions. Many questions are
practical. Listen to your recitations. Some came out in the Midterms.

Exams style: Midterm: 60 items MCQ + 4 items essay. Not samplex. MCQ questions were lifted from the readings.
Fill in the blanks type of MCQ. So you have to go through all the readings again for the midterms. For the essay
part, you need to determine whether given the situation of the applicant, he is entitled to be granted a refugee status.
Finals: 20% MCQ; 80% Essay. Focus was on Stateless Persons and Internally Displaced Persons. Most of the
questions were practical applications of the provisions on Statelessness and IDPs. It was really about how you apply
those to the situations asked. Example: Applicability of the Guidelines on IDPs to the Yolanda victims. Study the
Guidelines well.

Other helpful comments: In the determination of Refugee Status, discuss the elements in the definition of a refugee one by one and how
it applies or does not apply to the applicant. Aside from the lengthy reading materials, you will also be expected to submit group outputs
or individual outputs per week. This may be in a form of determination of refugee status of applicants, research work, presentation of
the Refugee Application Status here in the Philippines, etc. So you'll find yourself not only preparing for recits but also working on your
group or individual assignments which can also take substantial number of hours. It's a tough elective; however, you'll learn a lot.
Seminar on Comparative Legal Studies
This course examines and compares the nature of law under common law systems and the civil law systems of
continental Europe. Other legal systems briefly surveyed include those of Islamic states, indigenous customary laws
and ASEAN member-states. It will encourage comparison among the students of their own national legal systems.

Professor: Atty. Aris Gulapa / Jennifer Sanchez
Work load: Average-heavy Materials used: Materials provided by professors.
Demand: Average (soft copies every week)
Grade Range: High 80s

Teaching style: Aris/Jeno likes to conduct class in a very casual manner, no need to stand up when you recite. They
give emphasis on student participation. When no one participates, that's the time they call on people. So basically,
most of the time its voluntary. There are some days however when they actually call students. But you'll never know
so its best if you come to class prepared. Its really a class effort. If someone can't answer, I suggest that the person
who knows the answer raise his/her hand. Aris gets pissed off if no one participates because he feels that students
are getting bored with him and/or the subject/topic.

Exams style: Midterm pure essay. For finals, group report. They invited experts in the field/topic to be the panelists.
Report conducted 1 week before finals week.

Other helpful comments: They prefer to be called by their first name, no 'sir/maam'. Don't stand up during
recitation. Make sure not to take too long during breaks. Last semester, he gave us a 5 minute break. Some of our
classmates failed to return on time and so he gave a pop quiz. Aris is a perfectionist, but that's part of his charm.
Don't get offended if he corrects your pronunciation in the middle of your recitation, he means well. Also, he
doesn't like to repeat himself so take note of/remember everything that he says, but you can ask clarificatory
questions, he won't take that against you. Make sure to say the exact phrases, they don't like it if you use synonyms
for terms. Again, its a class effort, in other words, magpaka BIBO kayo! Natutuwa sila if everyone participates.
Seminar on Corporate Governance
(comments taken from last years primer)
The course treats of the body of policies, doctrines, statutory provisions, and rules and regulations pertaining to
Corporate Governance as they apply to public companies, including banking institutions. It is taught in three
modules, using a combination of conceptual learning and practical application, including relevant provisions of the
Corporate Code, and Securities Regulation Code, and supporting rules and regulations issued relevant to corporate
governance, with comparison to international best-practice standards and various approaches employed in other
jurisdictions.

Professor: Atty. Teodoro Kalaw, IV Grade Range: 90s
Work load: Light Materials used: Codal and cases. But he has a
Demand: High book already that he wrote that came out a few
months ago which might be useful in class

Teaching style: The professor is very charismatic so its good to pay attention to his discussions, since most of the
questions in the exam will be based on his lectures. There is really no need to prepare for class unless youre
scheduled to report that day. The assignments are covered by reports, reporters are required to distribute handouts.

Exams style: Midterm: written exam, 4 questions, 25pts. each. Finals: final paper, 15 pages max.

Other helpful comments: On the reports, Each student is required to make a detailed report on a given topic. The
class is given an outline from which they may choose the topics for their reports. The report is done individually or
in pairs. If you work better on your own, choose a topic that is designated as something that can be discussed by one
person. If the topic is lengthy, you will need to work in pairs. The report is based on numerous readings (and they
can be really complicated) that he assigned at the start of the class, so its better if you pair up with someone you can
depend on. On the final paper, written paper on any topic related to corporate governance. Atty. Kalaw prescribes
the maximum number of pages for the final paper, but there is no minimum. The deadline for the paper is usually
after the finals exam week.
Seminar on Law & Political Philosophy: From
Antiguity to Post-Modernity
This class will focus primarily on Michel Foucault's account of the shift from the sovereign or juridical, to the
disciplinary mode of power. This produces an understanding of the operations of power cast in terms of individuals'
embeddedness within networks of dependencies specified by "norms" that measure individual performance
according to the principles of equivalency (solidarity) and difference ("abnormality"). Individuals, therefore, must
not understand themselves as finally ensnared or trapped by the specific distribution of power in the legal frames
that traverse their lives. Under determinate conditions and according to precise strategies, they can always modify
these frames' grip upon themselves. Foucault finds interesting prototypes for this in the ethical practices of ancient
Greece that, in his view, satisfied the human desire for rules and form at the same time that they gave scope to the
human impatience for liberty. Foucault turns to them in his late work, believing that they may have something to
offer in place of modern moral philosophy.

Professor: Fr. Luis David Grade Range: High 80s-low 90s
Work load: Heavy Materials used: Materials to be provided by prof.
Demand: Low

Teaching style: He conducts recits rarely and sometimes he would just like to hear your opinion about
some things. Usually, he just speaks for 2 hours every meeting.

Exams style: For midterm, individual paper. For finals, independent film and a paper.

Other helpful comments: Do not take this elective unless you do not have any choice and you still want to get a high
grade. Fr. David hates electronics (ipad, phone) so you will just be bored for the next 2 hours. He also conducts
make-up classes (in lieu of the meetings lost because of midterms week) which is very unfair.
Seminar on Legislative Drafting


This course aims to enable the student-participant to understand and critically analyze legislative theory and
technique, statutory interpretation, and relevant policy issues. It further seeks to equip the student-
participant with the practical ability to translate policy into law, consider and negotiate with various
stakeholders to legislation, and to draft as well as defend proposed legislation. As an optional adjunct, the
course may also cover, with the same objectives by analogy, quasi-judicial and executive issuances.

Professor: Atty. Eugenio Villareal Grade Range: 86-90s
Work load: Light Materials used: Hart; Fuller; legislative drafting
Demand: Average diagram taken from Congress

Teaching style: Recitation random, but rarely. Read the assigned materials and basic Consti articles.
Challenging. Sometimes factual, but mostly you just need to show that youve read.

Exams style: No midterm exam. Throughout the sem, you will submit a proposal for the bill, explanatory
note, and the bill itself for midterms. Due date is negotiable. For finals, just refining your midterms bill.
Additional strategic plan.

Other helpful comments: This class is helpful for those who will write thesis and propose a bill or amend a
law. Draft a good bill. You will be greatly compensated in terms if grades.
Special Civil Action


The course studies the provisions of the Rules of Court on special civil actions, such as actions for
declaratory relief, certiorari, prohibition, mandamus, quo warranto, contempt, interpleader, expropriation,
foreclosure of real estate mortgage, partition and forcible entry or unlawful detainer, with reference to
relevant provisions of the Civil Code and special laws.

Professor: Atty. Jorge Melo Grade Range: Depends on your performance.
Work load: Average Materials used: No book required. He has case list.
Demand: High

Teaching style: He conducts recits in rounds. Sometimes you can persuade him to do voluntary recitations
but very rare. Just read codal and cases. You have to know the doctrine by heart. Atty. Melo knows the case
so you can get caught when he asks obscure questions about the case if you only read the digests.

Exams style: MCQ-20%, Essay-80%. Samplexes for some MCQs. Essays are original questions. Exams are
difficult, but reasonable because most likely the questions were discussed and emphasized in class. He
usually gives bonus questions.

Other helpful comments: YOU HAVE TO STUDY. Do not take this elective for granted because it will
come in handy during review. Atty. Melo is also one of my favorite professors because he teaches the lessons
in a very practical approach. You can learn a lot from the class, so don't be absent.
Street Law

This course will provide law students a unique opportunity to enrich their own legal education while
contributing to the education of high school students and sectoral groups. Using the clinical method, an
underlying principle of the clinic is the best way to learn is through teaching. The broad goals of the clinical
program are: to develop in law students an appreciation for the multi-faceted role and responsibilties of the
lawyer in the community; and, to sensitize students to sources and resolutions of community legal problems.
The clinical program works to achieve these goals through a program of seminar, training and supervision.

Professor: Atty. Patricia Sison-Arroyo Grade Range: 83-88
Work load: Average Materials used: None
Demand: High

Teaching style: The class is usually group activities and presentations.

Exams style: No midterm and final exams.

Other helpful comments: It's a light and fun outreach class, the culminating activity is organizing and
executing a one day outreach activity to teach the law. Don't expect high grades, you'll just be disappointed.
A great elective to take a break from the usual law school classes.
Tax Law Review


A general integration of principles of tax laws, including income, transfer, value-added and other
business taxes. It also includes a review of local and real property taxation, as well as remedies
available to both taxpayer and taxing authorities, and the basic principles of the Tariff and Customs
Code. (Prerequisites: Taxation I and Taxation II)

Professor: Atty. Serafin Salvador Grade Range: Mid 80s
Work load: Light Materials used: Codal, Pierre or Mickey reviewers.
Demand: Average

Teaching style: Lectures.

Exams style: No midterm exam. Only final exam, which is 100% of the your final grade. The final exam is
MCQ and essay. Get hold of samplexes and his bar exam questions for this.

Other helpful comments: Just listen attentively to his lectures.
Telecommunications Practice

The course will cover, under international comparative studies, the laws and jurisprudence governing the
telecommunications and broadcast industry of the Philippines, including constitutional provisions affecting
telecommunications and broadcast industries, general principles of public utility regulations under Comm.
Act 146 as they apply to telecommunications, the liberation of the telecommunication industries in the
Philippines, National Telecommunication Commissions history, powers and licensing regime regulated
and deregulated services, current regulations, including competition, regulation and de-regulation of
different sectors, interconnection, pricing and bypass and other illegal services, regulation of cable television
and broadcasting, regulation of content and the Secrecy of Communications.

Professor: Atty. George Aquino Grade Range: 80-90
Work load: Average Materials used: List of laws and cases.
Demand: Average

Teaching style: Prof is really nice. He lets us have voluntary recits if we ask him nicely. He will give a list of
laws and cases for recit. He is VERY detailed in recitation. Oh and you have to memorize the 7 admin due
process standards in the Ang Tibay case VERBATIM.

Exams style: Essay. Objective and situational type. He taught the subject for the first time last year so
not samplex-based.

Other helpful comments: Be nice to him because he's very very nice. He looks intimidating but is very
nice once he starts speaking. He allows voluntary recits towards the end, but make sure that students
will volunteer, otherwise he will call out randomly.
Trademark Law, Unfair Competition Law &
Trade Secrets
The course, because of its breadth, is divided into 3 parts. The aim of the course is to introduce the student to
the basic principles and current issues in international and national trademark law. This course also aims to
provide the students with the key elements of unfair competition concerning Intellectual Property Rights.
The course further aims to provide the students with in-depth and knowledge of the general principle of
confidential information.

Professor: Atty. Ray Ortiguerra Grade Range: 85-90
Work load: Heavy Materials used: Syllabus with relevant provisions of the laws
Demand: Average and a case list. Case digest made and compiled by
Block A2015 who took up Trademark Law last year.

Teaching style: Atty. Origuerra is very fair and reasonable when conducting recits. When you don't know the answer
he will clue you in, but make sure to read the originals (or you have a very detailed digest). Sobrang bait ni Sir
magparecit, he won't humiliate you in any way so make sure you study REALLY WELL. He doesn't honor cuts but
he does rounds in the recit. Do not cut especially when youre on deck.

Exams style: Midterm exam was essay type, but open notes. Focus on the doctrines of the cases. No need for
samplexes. For finals, a paper on any topic about trademark, due after finals week.

Other helpful comments: This class is heavy because cases are long and he discusses them thoroughly. Try not to be
late in class and pay attention to him. He will try to check if you read the originals and one time, he got a bit angry
when his students could not answer his questions (but this only happens once in a blue moon). Sir is generally really
nice and he makes the class really interesting especially with the cases included in his list. Its a fun class. We had
field trip to IPO.
Trial Technique
Professor: Atty. Laurence Arroyo Grade Range: High 80s
Work load: Light Materials used: No materials.
Demand: Average

Teaching style: Classes consisted of lectures. There is no recitation per se, but sir likes it when the students
participate by asking questions and when the topic with what they have encountered in practice or have been
told by other law professors.

Exams style: No midterm exam. For finals, a 'trial' where the class was divided into groups and given
memorandums, affidavits, TCTs, and other documentary evidence of an existing case and were tasked to act
either as prosecution or defense. One member was a judge who had to write his/her own decision and the
other members were either witnesses or attorneys who had to conduct direct, cross, re-direct, etc. Sir graded
each group member based on the quality of their questions to elicit necessary facts and also on the
objections that they raised. With regard to exam sched, he usually flexible and willing to accommodate the
needs of the class provided he himself isn't very busy with work. Since we had no midterms, for finals we
were also tasked to make a pre-trial brief on our respective 'sides' and the other arguments that we would
raise if we were trying the actual case.

Other helpful comments: Participate in class! Even if there are no assigned readings or written assignments,
it is very important to show sir that you are attentive in class. This is not difficult considering the subject
itself is interesting plus, sir shares a lot of stories on his cases (past and present) not to mention his personal
experiences when he was just starting out as a lawyer. Also, do not leave the classroom without asking sir's
permission. He usually gives breaks so unless its an emergency, avoid going out. He's also particular on
punctuality so try not to be late (or at least be there before he comes). Sir is nice but do not test his patience.
Trial Technique
(comments taken from last years primer)


Professor: Judge Filomena Singh Grade Range: 81-85
Work load: Light Materials used: No materials.
Demand: Low

Teaching style: No recitations. Just discussions and open for participation from students. What you
remember from your procedure classes is important. Previous grades were based on: 1) a surprise quiz
(really just one quiz); 2) whatever output you had on your fieldwork (here we were divided into two groups
and were tasked to coordinate with Judges PAO lawyer and fiscal. Basically, whatever work we did in this
fieldwork were all assigned by our respective mentor); and 3) Final Exam.

Exams style: Only final exam, essay type. It was like writing everything you have learned from the subject.

Other helpful comments: The workload is light. The professor rarely attends class. Many of what was
discussed have been taught by previous remedial law professors. Trial Technique, under Judge Singh, deals
with the overview of law practice. It will start with the lawyerclient relationship which will include the
respective duties and rights of counsel and client. Its highlight is the practical application of the rules of
procedure, from preparation (precourt) to trial proper: the stepbystep walk through of civil and criminal
litigation, witness handling, and relationship with the court. Thereafter, postjudgments and remedies will
be discussed and some other practical information.