Pg 1

RVHS Yr 6 H2 Maths 2011 Preliminary Exam Paper 1 (Solutions)

Question 1 [4 marks]

Given that
1
b
y ax c
x
= + +
+
.
Differentiating with respect to x:
( )
2
d
d
1
y b
a
x
x
=
+

Since it is given that the curve passes through the
points
13
1,
2
| |
|
\ .
and
1
,2
2
| |

|
\ .
and that the curve has a
turning point at 3 x = .
We can set up the following equations.

( )
2
13 1 13 1
2 1 1 2 2
1 1 1
2 2 2
1
2 2
1
2
1 1
0 0
4
3 1
a b c a b c
a b c a b c
a b a b
= + + = + +
+
= + + = + +
+
= =
+


Solving the system of linear equations gives
19
2
1, 4, a b c = = =

So, the equation of the curve is
( )
4 19
1 2
y x
x
= +
+




Question 2 [6 marks]
(i)
2
( 1)!
n
n
r
r
S
r
=
=
+

Using GC,
2
1
3
S = ,
3
11
24
S = ,
4
59
120
S = .
2
1 1 1
3 2 3!
S = =
3
11
24
S =
1 1
2 4!
=
4
59
120
S =
1 1
2 5!
=
Conjecture:
2
1 1
( 1)! 2 ( 1)!
n
n
r
r
S
r n
=
= =
+ +

(ii)
Let ( ) P n be the statement
2
1 1
( 1)! 2 ( 1)!
n
r
r
r n
=
=
+ +

for

Pg 2
2,3,4, ... n = .
When 2 n = ,
LHS
2
2
2 1
( 1)! 3! 3
r
r
r
=
= = =
+

RHS
1 1 2 1
2 3! 6 3
= = =
Since LHS = RHS, therefore (2) P is true.

Assume that ( ) P k is true for some , 2 k k
+
e > .
i.e.
2
1 1
( 1)! 2 ( 1)!
k
r
r
r k
=
=
+ +

Need to prove that ( 1) P k + is true
i.e.
1
2
1 1
( 1)! 2 ( 2)!
k
r
r
r k
+
=
=
+ +

LHS
1
2
( 1)!
k
r
r
r
+
=
=
+

2
( 1) term
( 1)!
k
r
r
k th
r
=
= + +
+

2
1
( 1)! ( 2)!
k
r
r k
r k
=
+
= +
+ +

1 1 1
2 ( 1)! ( 2)!
k
k k
+
= +
+ +

1 1 1
2 ( 1)! ( 2)!
k
k k
( +
=
(
+ +


1 2 1
2 ( 2)! ( 2)!
k k
k k
( + +
=
(
+ +


1 2 ( 1)
2 ( 2)!
k k
k
( + +
=
(
+


1 1
2 ( 2)! k
=
+
= RHS
Thus ( ) P k is true implies ( 1) P k + is true.

Since ( (2) P is true) and ( ( ) P k is true implies ( 1) P k +
is true), by mathematical induction, ( ) P n is true for
2,3, ... n = .





Question 3 [7 marks]
(i) Locus of P is a half-line from and excluding the point
representing the complex number1 2 i + that makes an

Pg 3
angle of u with the positive real axis.
(ii)








(iii)







5 EF = and radius 2 EG = =
2
sin
5
o =
0.287 o =
Locus of P meets the locus of Q more than once when
0.287 0.287 u < < .

(iv)








6 2 E i + , 1 2 F i + and 5 EF =
Minimum value of z w
l r =
5sin 2
4
t
=
5
2
2
=
3 3 2
2 2
or =




Question 4 [9 marks]
(i) ) 3 2 ( + r
= ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( 2 B r B A r B Ar r + + + = + + +

Pg 4
Solve simultaneously, 1 = A , 1 = B .
) 1 ( ) 1 ( 2 ) 3 2 ( + + = + r r r r .
(ii)

=
+
n
r
r
r
1
2 ) 3 2 ( =

=
+ +
n
r
r
r r r
1
2 )) 1 ( ) 1 ( 2 (
= ) 2 ) 1 ( 2 2 ) 1 ( 2 (
1

=
+ +
n
r
r r r
r r r
= ) 0 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 )( 2 )( 2 ( +
) 4 )( 1 ( ) 4 )( 2 ( ) 4 )( 3 )( 2 ( + +
) 8 )( 2 ( ) 8 )( 3 ( ) 8 )( 4 )( 2 ( + +
) 16 )( 3 ( ) 16 )( 4 ( ) 16 )( 5 )( 2 ( + +
...... +
) 2 )( 2 ( ) 2 )( 1 ( ) 2 )( )( 2 (
1 1 1
+ +
n n n
n n n
) 2 )( 1 ( ) 2 )( ( ) 2 )( 1 )( 2 (
n n n
n n n + + +
=
n n n
n n n 2 2 ) 1 ( 2 2
1
+ + + +
+

=
1
2 ) 1 ( 2 2 2
+
+ + +
n n
n n
=
1 1
2 ) 1 ( 2 2
+ +
+ + +
n n
n n
=
1
2 ) 1 2 ( 2
+
+ +
n
n

(iii)

=
+
n
r
r
r
1
2 ) 5 2 (
=

=
+ +
n
r
r
r
1
2 ) 2 3 2 (
=

=
+
=
+ +
n
r
r
n
r
r
r
1
1
1
2 2 ) 3 2 (
= ( ) ( )
1 3 2 1
2 ... 2 2 2 ) 1 2 ( 2
+ +
+ + + + + +
n n
n
= ( )
( )
|
|
.
|

\
|

+ + +
+
1 2
1 2 4
2 ) 1 2 ( 2
1
n
n
n
= ( ) 4 2 2 2 ) 1 2 ( 2
1 1
+ + +
+ + n n
n
= 6 2 ) 3 2 (
1
+
+ n
n

Alternative Method
Replace r by k 1:

=
+
n
r
r
r
1
2 ) 5 2 (

Pg 5
=
1
1
2
(2 3)2
n
k
k
k
+

=
+

=
1
2
1
(2 3)2
2
n
k
k
k
+
=
+

=
1
1
1
1
(2 3)2 (2 3)2
2
n
k
k
k
+
=
(
+ +
(

=
2
1
2 (2 3)2 10
2
n
n
+
( + +

=
2
1
12 (2 3)2
2
n
n
+
( + +



Question 5 [9 marks]

( )
10
1
100
1
a r
r
t

----- (1)

( ) ( )
2 5 2 5
2 2
1 ( ) 1 ( )
10
1 1
a r ar r
r r
t

=


10 10
2
1 (1 ) 10
1
a
r r r
r
t ( =

10 11
1 10
(1 )(1 )
a
r r r
r r
t ( + =

+
----- (2)

(1) (2):
10
10 11
(1 )(1 )
10
1
r r
r r r
+
=
+

10 11 10 11
1 10 10 10 10 r r r r r r + = +
11 10
11 9 11 9 0 r r r + = (shown)

Solve using GC,
0.81818 r = or 1 r = (rej.)
65.992 a = --- from (1)

Area of the smallest sector
=
9
ar
=10.8 cm
2




100
1 0.7
a
t s

30 a t s
Hence, the maximum area =30t cm
2
(or 94.2 cm
2
)



Question 6 [9 marks]
We have that
( ) tan ln 1 (1) y x ( = +


Differentiating the equation gives,

Pg 6
( )
2
1
sec ln 1
(1 )
dy
x
dx x
( = +

+


| |
( )
2
2
(1 ) 1 tan ln(1 )
1 1 (2)
dy
x x
dx
dy
x y
dx
+ = + +
+ = +


Differentiate (2) w.r.t x
( )
( ) ( )
2
2
2
2
1 2
1 1 2 0 (3)
d y dy dy
x y
dx dx dx
d y dy
x y
dx dx
+ + =
+ + =


Differentiate (3) w.r.t x
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2
3 2 2
3 2 2
2
3 2
3 2
1 1 2 2 0
1 2 1 2 0 (4)
d y d y d y dy
x y
dx dx dx dx
d y d y dy
x y
dx dx dx
| |
+ + + =
|
\ .
| |
+ + =
|
\ .


Substitute 0 x = into (1), (2), (3), and (4):
2 3
2 3 0
0
0 0
0, 1, 1, 4
x
x
x x
dy d y d y
y
dx dx dx
=
=
= =
= = = = .

Therefore, by Maclaurins Theorem,
( ) ( )
2 3
1 1
0 4
2! 3!
y x x x ~ + + +
2 3
1 2
2 3
y x x x ~ +

( )
2 3
1 2
tan ln 1
2 3
x x x x + ~ + (


Differentiating with respect to x
( )
2
2
sec ln 1
1 2
1
x
x x
x
( +

~ +
+

( )
2
2 1
sec ln 1
(1 2 )(1 )
(1 )(1 )
x
x x x
x x

( +

~ +
+

( )
2
2 2
2
sec ln 1
(1 2 )(1 )
(1 )
x
x x x x
x
( +

~ + + +

( )
2
2
2
sec ln 1
1 2
(1 )
x
x
x
( +

~ +

Question 7 [9 marks]
Pg 7

Given
|
|
|
.
|

\
|

1
0
2
OA , line l: r R e
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
|
|
|
.
|

\
|

= ,
4
7
3
5
15
7

The position vector of any point lying on l is
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
+

+

4 5
7 15
3 7
, for some R e
10 ) 1 4 5 ( ) 7 15 ( ) 2 3 7 (
2 2 2
= + + + + +
0 3 4
2
= +
1 = or 3
So,
|
|
|
.
|

\
|

=
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
+

+
=

1
8
4
) 1 ( 4 5
) 1 ( 7 15
) 1 ( 3 7
OB

|
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
+

+
=

7
6
2
) 3 ( 4 5
) 3 ( 7 15
) 3 ( 3 7
OC


P is midpoint of BC
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
+

+
=

3
1
1
7 1
) 6 8 (
) 2 4 (
2
1
OP
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
= =

4
1
3
OA OP AP
Equation of
1
H : r
3 1 3
1 1 1 16
4 3 4
| | | | | |
| | |
= =
| | |
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

So, r (3i +j +4k) =16.

(i) Express equations of
1
H ,
2
H and
3
H as system of
equations:
|
|
|
.
|

\
|

1
5
16
1 2 1
3 2 1
4 1 3

From GC, 12 , 13 , 15 = = = z y x
So, position vector of D,
15
13
12
OD

| |
|
=
|
|
\ .
.

(ii) Find base area BCD:
Pg 8
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
= =

8
14
6
OB OC BC
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
= =

13
5
19
OB OD BD
Area of

= A BD BC BCD
2
1
=
142376
2
1
296
74
222
2
1
=
|
|
|
.
|

\
|

Perpendicular height, 26
4
1
3
=
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
=

AP
So, volume = 26 142376
6
1

=320.67 =321 units
3
. (to 3 s.f.)

Question 8 [10 marks]
(i) Using dot product theorem,
u cos 3 1 5 4 5 6
3
1
5
4
5
6
2 2 2 2 2 2
+ + + + =
|
|
|
.
|

\
|

|
|
|
.
|

\
|

35 77
12 5 30
cos
+
= u
= 70163401 . 63 u
= 7 . 63

(ii)
32
4
5
6
6
=
|
|
|
.
|

\
|

|
|
|
.
|

\
|
n
m
8 5 6 = n m --- (1)
24
3
1
5
6
=
|
|
|
.
|

\
|

|
|
|
.
|

\
|
n
m
6 5 = n m --- (2)
Solve simultaneously, 2 = m , 4 = n .



(iii) direction vector of line l
=
|
|
|
.
|

\
|

=
|
|
|
.
|

\
|

=
|
|
|
.
|

\
|

|
|
|
.
|

\
|

1
2
1
19
19
38
19
3
1
5
4
5
6


Pg 9
position vector of A =
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
6
4
2

Vector equation of line l: r =
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
6
4
2
+
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
1
2
1
, R e

Cartesian equation of l : z
y
x =

= 6
2
4
2
Alternative Method
Solve 6 5 4 32 x y z =
& 5 3 24 x y z + = by G.C.

Vector equation of line l: r =
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
6
4
2
+
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
1
2
1
, R e

Cartesian equation of l : z
y
x =

= 6
2
4
2

(iv)
3
H : r
1 2 1
2 4 2 2 8 6 4
1 6 1
| | | | | |
| | |
= = + =
| | |
| | |

\ . \ . \ .

So, Cartesian equation of
3
H : 4 2 = + z y x .

Cartesian equation of
4
H is 40 5 2 9 = + z y x .
Since the system of equations has an infinite number of
solutions, it means that the planes
1
H ,
2
H and
4
H intersect at a common line.


Question 9 [11 marks]
(a)
2 2 2
0
1
d
( )
a
u
a u +
}

=
2
4
2 2 2 2
0
1
sec d
( tan )
a x x
a a x
t
+
}

=
4
3 2
0
1
d
sec
x
a x
t
}

=
2
4
3
0
1
cos d x x
a
t
}

=
4
3
0
1 1
(cos2 +1)d
2
x x
a
t
}

=
4
3
0
1 sin2
2 2
x
x
a
t
(
+
(



tan u a x =

2
d
sec
d
u
a x
x
=
Pg 10
=
3
1 1
2 2 4 a
t (
+
(


=
3
2
8a
t +

(b)
(i)


Area of R
=
1
2
0
1 1
d
1 4
x
x
x
+ | |

|
+
\ .
}

=0.410 units
2


(ii) Required volume
=
2
1 1
2 2
0 0
1 1
d d
(1 ) 4
x
x x
x
t t
+ | |

|
+
\ .
} }

=
1
2
0
2
( 2 1)d
8 16
x x x
t t
t
+ | |
+ +
|
\ .
}

=
1
3
2
0
2
8 16 3
x
x x
t t
t
( + | |
+ +
| (
\ .


=
2 7
8 16 3
t t
t
+ | | | |

| |
\ . \ .

=
(6 5)
48
t t +
units
3



Question 10 [13 marks]
(i) vertical asymptote at 1 0 x x c = + = when 1 x =
So, 1 c =

2
5
1
ax bx
y
x
+
=

( ) ( ) ( )( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2
2
2
1 2 5 1
1
2 5
1
x ax b ax bx
dy
dx
x
ax ax b
x
+ +
=

+
=

Since there is a turning point on the y-axis, so
0
dy
dx
= when 0 x =
( )
2
2 5 0 ax ax b + = when 0 x =

Pg 11
( ) 0 0 5 0
5
b
b
+ + =
=

(ii)
2
5 5
1
ax x
y
x
+
=

C has no x-intercept
2
5 5
0
1
ax x
x
+
=

has no real roots

2
5 5 0 ax x + = has no real roots
( )
2
5 4 5 0 a <
25 20 0 a + <
5
4
a < (shown)

(iii)
( ) ( )
( )( )
2
5 5
1
1 5 5
1
5 1
5
1 1
ax x
y
x
ax x a x
x
a x a a
ax ax a
x x
+
=

+ +
=

+ +
= + = + + +


( )
( )
2
2
2 5 5
1
ax ax
dy
dx
x
+
=

2
0 2 0 0 or 2
dy
ax ax x x
dx
= = = =






















(iv) Add the line 1 y ax = + . It has the same gradient as the
oblique asymptote of C, but with a smaller y-intercept.


O
x
y
5 y ax a = + +
1 x =
5
1
a
y ax a
x
= + + +

5 a +
5 a
a
+

( ) 0,5
( ) 2,4 5 a +
Pg 12
Solving for intersection between C and 1 y ax = + :
( )( )
( )
5 1
1
4 0
1
4 1
4 4
4 4
4
4
a
ax a ax
x
a
a
x
a x a
x ax a a
a x
x
a
+ + + = +

+ + =

+ =
+ =
+ =
=
+

Hence set of values of x is
4
: 1 or
4
x x , x x
a

e < >
`
+
)
R .
(v)




















Question 11 [13 marks]
(a)
(i)







( )
2
f : ln 2 3 x x x + + , for 2 x >
| ) | )
f
ln2, 0.693, R = =

(ii) Since there exists a line for ln2 ln3 y k k = < < such
that it cuts the graph at more than 1 point.
f is not 1 1 function.

1
f

does not exist

y
2 O
1 x =
( ) f y x ' =
x
y a =
Pg 13
(iii) For gf to exist,
g f
R D _ ,
g
( 2, ) R _
g
( 2,6) R =
Thus,
2
1
6 2
x
=
1 1
8 8
or x =
Least value of b =
1
8

g f
1
8
( , ) ( 2,6) [ln2,ln51)
fg
[ln2,ln51) R =

(b)
(i)
( )
2
f : ln 2 3 x x x + + , x a >
2
f : ln ( 1) 2 x x ( + +

, x a >
Thus least value of 1 a = .

Let
2
ln ( 1) 2 y x ( = + +

, 1 x >
2
e ( 1) 2
y
x = + +
1 e 2
y
x = (reject 1 e 2
y
x = as 1 x > )

( )
1
f 1 e 2
x
x

= + ,
1
f
f
(ln2, ) D R

= =

(ii)