Vous êtes sur la page 1sur 22

Perimeter and Area

Multiplication Tables: the product of two numbers can be represented by the area of
a rectangle where the factors are represented as the dimensions of the rectangle.
Notice each square in the area grid is a unit square.


Area of a rectangle is represented by a grid of unit squares. Perimeter is the distance
around the outside rectangle.


Area of a square is represented by a grid of unit squares. Perimeter is the distance
around the outside square.


Area of a parallelogram is represented by a grid of unit squares. Perimeter is the
distance around outside of the parallelogram.


Area of a rhombus is represented by a grid of unit squares. Perimeter is the distance
around outside of the rhombus.


Area of Triangles is represented by a grid of unit squares. Perimeter is the distance
around outside of the triangle.


Area of Trapezoids is represented by a grid of unit squares. Perimeter is the distance
around outside of the trapezoid.











Shape Explorer - perimeter and area on a grid
Maximize Area
Minimize Perimeter
Interactive sums

Each of the links below provide additional interactive activiites.
Polygon/Circle
P = Perimeter
C = Circumference
distance around the
polygon/circle

A = Area
the surface inside the boundary(
perimeter)
triangle
a =
altitude
b = base


P = b + c + d
or
P = s
1
+ s
2
+ s
3


A = 1/2ab
Note: The area of the triangle is
half the area of the corresponding
parallelogram/rectangle.
quadrilateral

P = b + c + d + e
or
P = s
1
+ s
2
+ s
3
+ s
4

don't need to memorize the
formula in junior high
enrichment
trapezoid
a =
altitude
b = base


P = b
1
+ b
2
+ c + d
or
P = s
1
+ s
2
+ s
3
+ s
4


A = 1/2ab
1
+ 1/2ab
2
)
simplifies to
A = 1/2a(b
1
+ b
2
)
parallelogram
a =
altitude
b = base


P = 2b + 2c

A = bh
rhombus
a =
altitude
s = side
length


P = 4s

A = as
rectangle
l =
length
w =
width

P = 2l + 2w


A = lw

square
s = side
length


P = 4s

A = s
2

chevron

P = 2c + 2d

don't need to memorize the area
formulae in junior high
kite

P = 2c + 2d

don't need to memorize the area
formulae in junior high
enrichment
regular
polygon
a =
apothem
length
s = side
length
n =
#sides

pentagon =
"five sides"
hexatagon =
"six sides"
heptaagon =
"seven sides"
octaagon =
"eight sides"
nonagon =
"nine sides"
decagon = "ten
sides"
P = ns

A = 0.5ans = 0.5aP


circle

Circumference
is the distance
around the
circle.
r =
radius of
circle
d =
diameter
of circle
C = Circumference
C = d
A = Area
A = r
2




Relationships:
1. For a square, non-square
rectangle and circle with equal
perimeter/circumference the
relative area from largest to
smallest is:
circle, square, rectangle
2. Increasing dimensions by a
factor increases the perimeter by
the same factor.
tripling the dimensions
triples the perimeter
1. For a square, non-square
rectangle and circle with equal
areas the relative perimeter from
largest to smallest is:
rectangle, square, circle
2. Increasing the dimensions by a
factor increases the area by the
square of the factor.
tripling the dimensions
increases the area by a
factor of 9 (3
2
).
Polygon/Circle Perimeter/Circumference Area



Study the surface area and volume for the prisms, pyramids, cylinder and cone
provided.
Link: LearnAlberta



Geometric
Shape
Surface Area
B = area of the base
P = perimeter of the base
Volume
B = area of the base
P = perimeter of the base
prism
(general)
B =
area of
base
P =
perime
ter of
base
h =
height

SA = 2B + Ph V = Bh
triangular
prism
a =
altitude
b =
base
h =
#height

SA = 2B + Ph
SA = 2(1/2ab) + (b + c + d)h
SA = ab + (b + c + d)h

V = Bh
V = 1/2 abh

rectangular
prism
l =
length
w =
width
h =
height

SA = 2B + Ph
SA = 2(lw) + (2l + 2w)h

V = lwh

Regular square
prism
s =
side
length
h =
height

SA = 2B + Ph
SA = 2(s
2
) + (4s)h

V = Bh
V = s
2
h

regular
pentagonal
prism
a =
apothe
m
length
s =

SA = 2B + Ph
SA = 2(1/2ans) + nsh
SA = 2(1/2a)(5)s + 5sh
V = Bh
V = 1/2ansh
V = 1/2a(5)sh
V = 5/2ash
side
length
n =
#sides
h =
height

SA = 5as + 5sh


regular
hexagonal
prism
a =
apothe
m
length
s =
side
length
n =
#sides
h =
height


SA = 2B + Ph
SA = 2(1/2ans) + nsh
SA = 2(1/2a)(6)s + 6sh
SA =6as + 6sh

V = Bh
V = 1/2ansh
V = 1/2a(6)sh
V = 3ash

cube
s =
side
length

SA = 2B + Ph
SA = 2(s
2
) + (4s)s = 6s
2


V = Bh
V = s
3


regular
pyramid
(general)
B =
area of
base
s =
side
SA = B + n(1/2sl)
l = slant height
V = 1/3Bh
length
l =
slant
heigth

regular
triangular
pyramid
a =
apothe
m
length
s =
side
length
n =
#sides
l =
slant
height
h =
height

SA = B + n(1/2sl)
SA = 1/2as + (3)(1/2sl)
SA = 1/2as + 3/2sl

l = slant height
V = 1/3Bh
V = 1/3(1/2 ab)h
V = 1/6 abh


regular square
pyramid
s =
side
length
n =
#sides
l =
slant
height
h =
height


SA = B + n(1/2sl)
SA = s
2
+ (4)(1/2sl)
SA = s
2
+ 2sl

l = slant height
V = 1/3Bh
V = 1/3(b
2
)h
= 1/3b
2
h

regular
pentagonal
pyramid
a =
apothe
m
length
s =
side
length
n =
#sides
l =
slant
height
h =
height


SA = B + n(1/2sl)
SA = 1/2a(5)s + (5)(1/2sl)
SA = 5/2as + 5/2sl

l = slant height
V = 1/3Bh
V = 1/3(1/2anb)h
V = 1/6 anbh

regular
hexagonal
pyramid
a =
apothe
m
length
s =
side
length
n =
#sides
l =
slant
height
h =
height


SA = B + n(1/2sl)
SA = 1/2a(6)s + (6)(1/2sl)
SA = 3as + 3sl

l = slant height
V = 1/3Bh
V = 1/3(1/2anb)h
V = 1/6 anbh

cylinder
B =
area of
base
P =
perime
ter of
base
r =
radius
of
circle
h =
height


SA = 2B + Ph
SA = 2( r
2
) + (2r)h

V = Bh
V = r
2
h

cone
B =
area of
base
r =
radius
of
circle
h =
height


Explanation
V = 1/3 Bh
V = 1/3r
2
h

The volume of a cone is one
third the volume of the
corresponding cylinder.
sphere
r = radius of
circle
SA = 4r
2


V = 4/3r
3



Prism

V = Bh
Pyramid

V = 1/3 Bh
The volume of a pyramid
is one third the volume of
the corresponding prism.
Cylinder

V = Bh
Cone

V = 1/3Bh
The volume of a cone is
one third the volume of
the corresponding
cylinder.

Vous aimerez peut-être aussi