1.

IDENTIFY THE PART OF A DIESEL ENGINE (1 hr)

1. Cylinder head.
2. Cylinder liner.
3. Piston.
4. Piston rod.
5. Piston rings.
6. Crosshead.
7. Connecting rod.
8. Crank shaft.
9. Crank web.
1. Crank !in.
11. "alancing weight.
12. #o$rnal bearings.
13. Crank case.
14. %nlet and e&ha$st 'al'es.
15. ($el !$)!.
16. ($el in*ector.
17. Ca)s.
18. Ca) shaft.
19. P$sh rods and rocker ar).
2. %nlet and e&ha$st )anifold.
21. +$rbocharger.
22. "ed !late.
23. ,$bricating oil s$)!.
24. -o'ernor.
2. CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF CRANKSHAFT (1 hr)
1. +he )aterial $sed for the crankshaft sho$ld ha'e high strength. long fatig$e life.
for) good bearing s$rface.
2. Carbon or low alloy steel are $sed.
3. /)aller engine shafts are $s$ally )an$fact$red as a solid forging and )ay be )ade
by contin$o$s grain !rocess.
4. 0il holes are drilled between *o$rnals and !ins to trans)it l$bricating oil.
5. +he webs are heated to the correct te)!erat$re and then cooled slowly. shrinking
the) on the *o$rnals to for) a contin$o$s length of the crankshaft with correct
angles between $nits to corres!ond with firing order.
6. /hrinkage fits are well able to trans)it the total engine tor1$e witho$t sli!!age.
7. ,arge crankshafts can be of solid welded constr$ction.
8. %n large )$lti cylinder engines the crankshaft )ay be )ade $! of two !art lengths
*oined at flanges fitted with bolts.
3. CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF CONNECTING ROD.

1. 2edi$) s!eed diesel engines ha'e tr$nk !istons with the res$lt that !istons and
connecting rods ha'e to be fitted together before being asse)bled into the cylinder.
2. Connecting rod large ends are basically either of fi&ed center or )arine ty!e
design. +wo basic ty!es are3
a. 4o$nd section connecting rod with )arine ty!e lower end.
b. % section ty!e connecting rod with fi&ed centers.
3. %n % section connecting rod. the large end bearing is se!arate fro) the rod which
has a !al) end. 5 distance !iece. with gro$nd faces. known has a co)!ression
!late )ay be inter!osed between the rod and the bearing ho$sing.
4. +he fi&ed center design of rod )ay ha'e the large end s!lit obli1$ely as to
acco))odate a larger bearing.
5. +he design of the large end bearing is si)ilar to that of the )ain bearing. +he steel
shells of relati'ely thin wall section. ha'ing a lining of bearings.
6. +he shank of the rod $s$ally has a bore thro$gh o$t it6s length which cond$cts oil
fro) the large end to the s)all end for l$brication and to the inside of the !iston
for cooling.
4. CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF CROSSHEAD.
1. Crosshead consists of forged steel block sec$red to foot of the !iston.
2. %t incl$des the *o$rnal for the to! end bearing which acts as the hinge by which the
!iston thr$st is deflected 'ia the connecting rod to rotate the crank.
3. +he trans'erse co)!onent of this force is trans)itted to the g$ides and the g$ide
shoes also for) !art of the crosshead asse)bly.
4. ($rther attach)ent is re1$ired for l$brication and cooling connection.
5. +o distrib$te the oil o'er the lower bearing s$rface. oil g$tters are c$t in a&ial
direction in the s$rface of botto) shell.
6. +o! end bearing are of thin walled shell ty!e with steel backing s$!!orting low
friction )aterials s$ch as white )etal or al$)in$) tin alloy.
7. 5 single botto) half bearing shell o'er the f$ll length of the cross head which is
)achined in cylindrical for). 5 trans'erse slot at )idlength in the to! s$rface has
the !iston rod flange bolted to it.
5. C07/+48C+%075, 9:+5%,/ 0( P%/+07 579 P%/+07 409. ;1 hr<
1. Piston.
2. Piston crown.
3. Piston rings.
4. /kirt.
5. =ear rings.
6. +elesco!ic cooling !i!es.
7. /t$ffing bo&.
6. CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ENGINE FRAME (1 hr)
1. %n crosshead ty!e. they are ter)ed as 5 fra)es which are fabricated fro) steel
!lates welded to for) a hollow str$ct$re on each side.
2. +here is clearance !ro'ided to allow access to )ain bearings.
3. ,ongit$dinal bars and crank case casing !lates are attached to the o$ter edges.
4. +ie bolts !ass 'ertically within the fra)e. +he !re stressing of this )aintains the
fra)e in co)!ression in all ti)es.
7. CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF CYLINDER HEAD (2 hr)
1. :ach cylinder head of a )edi$) s!eed fo$r stroke cylinder engine contains a
!assage for in*ector and the 'al'es.
2. %t is sec$red by the st$ds which hold it down to the cylinder block or water *acket.
3. +he water s!aces in the cylinder head are connected to those in the cylinder *acket.
4. +he connections between the two co)!onents )ay be in the for) of a single
connecting !iece fitted after the head. liner and *acket ha'e been bolted together.
5. +he cylinder head is fitted with doors gi'ing access to the s!aces for cleaning and
ins!ection at the )a*or o'erha$ls.
!. CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF FUEL E"UIPMENT (1 hr)
1. +he !$)! consists of a ca) o!erated. single acting !l$nger of fi&ed stroke. inside
the barrel.
2. >elical s!rings are fitted to ret$rn the !l$nger on it6s down stroke.
3. 5 heli& or scroll is )achined on the !l$nger.
4. 5 rack is fitted to the !$)! to engage with a !inion )achined on the o$tside of the
slee'e.
5. +he slee'e fits o'er the !l$nger and has slots engaging with keys.
6. Ca) and ca) follower to raise the !l$nger.
7. 5 non ret$rn s!ring loaded ret$rn 'al'e is fitted.
8. 5 !ri)ary or 'ent !$)! for discharge.
9. /!ring loaded s$ction and s!ill 'al'es.
1. ?al'es are lifted by !$shrods )o'ed by a le'er.
9. C07/+48C+%075, 9:+5%,/ 0( ?5,?: -:54; 40C@:4 542< ;1 hr<
1. C07/+48C+%075, 9:+5%,/ 0( +84"0C>54-:4 ; 1 hr<
1. +$rbine.
2. Centrif$gal co)!ressor.
3. 7oAAle ring.
4. -as o$tlet casing.
5. %nlet st$b.
6. /ilencer filter.
7. %)!eller.
8. 9iff$ser.
9. Co)!ressor casing.
1. %ns$lating b$lkhead.
11. 4otor.
12. "earings.
13. Co)!ressor ho$sing.
11. CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF GO#ERNOR.(1 hr)
1. "all heads.
2. Conical s!eeder s!ring.
3. 4otating flywheels.
4. 7eedle 'al'es.
5. Co)!ensation !iston.
6. "$ffer !iston.
7. "$ffer s!rings.
8. Piston 'al'e.
9. 4et$rn s!ring.
13. 879:4/+579 +>: C02P07:7+/ 0( ,0 /B/+:2. ;1 hr<
1. 9rain tank to store l$bricating oil.
2. 9ischarge !$)!s that take oil fro) drain tank thro$gh strainer.
3. 0il cooler with seawater cooling.
4. (ine filters.
5. "oost !$)!s. red$cing 'al'es to s$!!ly to engine !arts.
6. 0il cooled !istons. sight glass for oil le'el check.
7. 5ir 'ent.
8. "y!ass centrif$ge syste).
9. 0il heaters.
14. UNDERSTAND THE COMPONENTS OF COOLING $ATER SYSTEM (1
hr)
1. 9rain tank.
2. Circ$lating !$)!s.
3. #acket water cooling.
4. #acket water e&ha$st tank.
5. +$rbo blower.
6. /tea) heating coil.
7. Collection )anifold.
1%. UNDERSTAND THE COMPONENTS OF SCA#ENGE AND
SUPERCHARGING (1 hr)
1. +$rbocharger.
2. 5ir filter.
3. +$rbine.
4. Co)!ressor.
5. /ca'enge cooler.
6. /ca'enge 'al'es.
7. /ca'enge !orts.
8. :&ha$st !orts.
16. UNDERSTAND THE COMPONENTS OF STARTING AND
MANEU#ERING SYSTEM (1 hr)
1. 5ir co)!ressor.
2. 4e)o'ing airCstarting 'al'e.
3. 0!erating gear for 'al'es.
4. ?al'e o!erating !ne$)atic ser'o syste).
5. (la)e tra!.
6. 5ir starting 'al'e.
7. /tarting air distrib$tor.
8. Pilot air control 'al'e.
9. /tarting interlocks.