Video 1 Welcome to Hyper-V! Your Instructor: Benjamin Coach Culbertson MCITP, MCT, MCTS, MCSA, etc., etc. Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. About Your Instructor and Train Signal Whats Covered in this Course Hardware Welcome to Hyper-V! In this video: Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. About Your Instructor and Train Signal MCITP, MCSA, MCDBA, MCT, A+, Net+, CIW, and a few others 2 Year Tour of Duty as an Inner City High School Teacher in Chicago Launched a couple hundred careers About Train Signal Casual Training Method that teaches real skills first Scenario-Based Training to answer the question "Why does this change my life?" About Benjamin Coach Culbertson 2 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. 2. What You Need to Know About Hyper-V 3. Your Very First Virtual Machine 4. Virtual Networks 5. Virtual Disk Tricks 6. Using Windows Deployment Services to Deploy Virtual Machines 7. Making Your Virtual Machines Portable Whats Cover In This Course Whats on the hit parade for this course, Coach? Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. 8. Providing Access to Hyper-V 9. Building a Complete Active Directory Test Environment in Hyper-V 10.The Server 2008 R2 Upgrade 11.New Features for Hyper-V in Server 2008 R2 12.Failover Clustering and Live Migration for Hyper-V in R2 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Hardware Heres what I used for the course 1 VMWare DC NY-DC1-2K8 Globomantics.com HYPERV.Globomantics.com 1 Intel QuadCore CPU 4GB of RAM 3 HDDs 250GB 2 NICs 1 VMWare Web Server Globomantics.com 3 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. You Ready? Cmon, Lets Go! Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Video 2 What You Need To Know About Hyper-V Because You Want To Sound As Smart As Possible Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Virtualization 101 What Hyper-V Really Is Hyper-Vs Many Flavors What You Need To Run The Hyper-V Server Role Getting Hyper-V Installed What You Need To Know About Hyper-V In this video: 4 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Virtualization 101 One physical machine, multiple Operating Systems Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Server Consolidation Save Money! Actually use more of your hardware capacity Testing Environments Break stuff while testing without taking down your network Dynamic Data Center Easy Stop and Start on VMs Integration with System Center (via SCVMM) Super Fast Super Easy Server Deployment Virtualization 101 When Virtualization is a good idea Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Hyper-V works off the Hypervisor layer between the hardware and the Operating Systems Advantages: Reduced Hardware, Energy, and Licensing Costs Snapshots of VMs 32-bit and 64-bit OS Supportplus Linux! What Hyper-V Really Is The Hyper-V Whizbang 5 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Server 2008s Hyper-V Server Role Built into Server 2008 64-bit Editions Hyper-V Server Standalone Hyper-V Server No other Server Roles Hyper-V on Server 2008 Core 64-bit Low Overhead, Not the easiest to get set-up Hyper-Vs Many Flavors Theres more than one Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Component What You Need Notes OS Server 2008 64-bit Enterprise, Standard, and Datacenter Not supported on 32-bit RAM Coach Says: 4GB at least MS says: Server 2K8 Requirements plus extra RAM for VMs HDD Coach says: 2 250GB SATA drives MS Says: Server 2K8 Requirements Processor Intel or AMD processor with virtual extensions Intel-VT and AMD-V You must enable Intel XD bit or AMD NX bit in the BIOS NICs At least 2 NICs One for actual connectivity, one for management What You Need And now for the obligatory hardware requirements Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Server 2K8 Edition (All 64-bit edition) Licenses Standard 1 VM + 1 Physical Enterprise 4 VMs + 1 Physical Datacenter Unlimited VMs + 1 Physical What You Need Server 2008 comes with extra licenses for VMs Datacenter is priced per processor, but may still be more cost effective depending on how many VMSs you may be implementing 6 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Hank wants to leverage Open Source more in Globomantics and wants to start testing several different Open Source server applications. You need to start laying the foundation for testing servers using a Hyper-V implementation. You have a machine with 4GB of RAM, an Intel processor with virtual extensions running at 2.4 GHz, and three 250GB HDDs. Your job is to now install the Hyper-V Server Role. Time to rock. Getting Hyper-V Installed This part is easy Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. VirtualizationThe ability to create a virtual version of a device or resource, such as a server, storage device, network or even an operating system where the framework divides the resource into one or more execution environments Virtual MachineA self-contained operating environment that behaves as if it is a separate computer HostThe physical machine where virtual machines live GuestAnother name for virtual machine VHDVirtual Hard DiskA file that lives on a physical HDD that acts like a physical HDD on a virtual machine. Critical Vocabulary Time for some big words Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Describe virtualization and Hyper-V Identify the basic requirements to install the Hyper-V Server Role Install the Hyper-V Server Role on a 64-bit Edition Server 2008 What We Covered After watching this video, your should be able to: 7 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Video 3 Your Very First Virtual Machine More fun than a Tamogatchi Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Lets just make one first Processor Stuff RAM Stuff Disk Stuff Your Very First Virtual Machine In this video: Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Lets just make one first You know you want to get your hands dirty 8 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Integration Services allows for a huge amount of stuff: IDE and SCSI Drivers Allows Mouse Interaction while in Remote Desktop session Network Drivers (Kind of a big deal) You should have the latest Service Pack edition of the OS to make Integration Services play nice Yes, you do need install Integration Services if its all possible to make your VM work as you expect One Quick Note Integration Services Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Heres the dealdepending on how many VMs you want to run on a box, you might need multiple core processors: A single-processor/dual-core gives you 2 logical processors A dual-processor/dual-core processor gives you 4 logical processors A dual-processor/quad-core processor gives you 8 logical processors A quad-processor/dual-core, hyper-threaded system gives you 16 logical processors You can configure up to 4 logical processors per VM You can provide up to 24 logical processors per physical box that hosts your Hyper-V Processor Stuff On the processor thing Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Operating System Maximum RAM Per Virtual Machine Standard 31GB Enterprise 64GB Datacenter 64GB RAM Stuff So, exactly how much RAM can you have? On Your Physical Machine: Up to 1 TB of RAM for 64-bit Editions of Server 2K8 on a Physical Machine (32GB for Standard Edition) 9 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. You get up to 4 IDE Devices per VM (2 IDE Controllers) But you can also add up to 4 Virtual SCSI Controllers to your VM as well (even if you dont have physical SCSI hardware) Each SCSI Controller can have up to 64 Disks, which means you can have up to 256 Disks on a VM (if you really wanted to, I suppose) Maximum size for any one vhd: 2040GB Disk Stuff And now, Disk Stuff You Need To Know Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Integration ServicesA quick software installation that allows for network connectivity and additional drivers Logical Processor A virtual allocation of physical processor resources Critical Vocabulary A couple of new words Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Create a new Virtual Machine in Hyper-V Manager Install Server 2008 from an ISO file Install Integration Services into a guest operating system Describe particulars on Processors, RAM and VHDs, including maximum amounts of each Add RAM, Processors, SCSI Controllers, and SCSI Disks to a Virtual Machine What We Covered After watching this video, you should be able to: 10 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Video 4 Virtual Networks Networking Inside the Machine and no, Keanu Reeves Will Not Be Making An Appearance Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. What do you need for a Virtual Network The 3 kinds of Virtual Networks Nifty Options for An Internal VN How many networks can you have? Virtual Networks In this video: Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Youll need at least one physical NIC dedicated for VM use if you want to have your VMs talk to the outside world But VMs also use Virtual Network Adapters that you can configure much the same as physical NICs What do you need for a Virtual Network? Its pretty simple 11 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Theres two kinds of virtual NICs Network Adapter Legacy Network Adapters Legacy Network Adapters are slower but if you want to use Windows Deployment Services for VM server installs, you gotta have em What do you need for a Virtual Network? however Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Type of Virtual Network Notes External Uses the physical NIC to talk to everything Internal Connects to other machines only through the Parent Partition (the host OS) Private Connects only to other Virtual Machinesno outside connectivity The 3 Kinds of Virtual Networks So heres the critical knowledge Everybody Internet Internet Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Nifty Options for Your Internal VN 12 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. You can have an unlimited number of virtual networks with up to 512 virtual machines per virtual network. Each virtual machine can be configured with up to A maximum of 12 virtual network adapters 8 can be the network adapter type 4 can be the legacy network adapter type. Each virtual network adapter offers integrated virtual local area network (VLAN) support and can be assigned a unique VLAN channel (if youre using an Internal virtual network) You cannot connect a virtual network to a wireless network adapter. As a result, you cannot provide wireless networking capabilities to virtual machines. How Many Networks Can You Have? Really? Unlimited? Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. So Hank has sent you a link to some software he wants to try out, but as you do research, you find that the software has some significant security holes. Hank has hired an Open Source guru programmer, but you dont want to install the software on a server that has open access on your network. You need to build a private network (along with an additional VM) for the guru to play with. Globomantics Test Environment Wed like to test some beta software. Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Virtual Network-- A logical grouping of hosts on one or more local area networks (LANs) that allows communication to occur between hosts as if they were on the same physical LAN. Virtual Network AdapterA software-based network adapter Legacy Network AdapterA virtual network adapter that allows for network boot-up for network based OS installation Critical Vocabulary Nifty neat-o words to help you talk the talk 13 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Identify the types of virtual network adapters List and describe the three types of Virtual Networks Identify the options available for an Internal Virtual Network Identify the number of virtual networks possible on a Hyper-V machine Create a Virtual Network What We Covered After watching this video, you should be able to: Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Video 5 Virtual Disk and Snapshot Tricks Differencing Disks and the Magic of Time Travel (a.k.a Snapshots) Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. More Virtual Disk Stuff Differencing Disk Deployment Time Travel with Snapshots Virtual Disk and Snapshot Tricks In this video: 14 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. There are three different kinds of Virtual Hard Disks: Fixed: A VHD file that takes up a fixed amount of space on a physical HDD Dynamic: A VHD file that starts small and grows as more space is required up to a particular size Differencing: A VHD file that relies on another base VHD and only stores the differences made on a VHD More Virtual Disk Stuff Some more stuff about Virtual Disks Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. A Differencing Disk only stores changes that might be made to a hard drive. Its linked to a base VHD that contains an installed OS If the base VHD is changed at all, the differencing disk becomes invalid and all data is lost More Virtual Disk Stuff Differencing Disks Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Using differencing disks, you can install only one base Operating System, and then create multiple VHDs and VMs that use Differencing Disks This is great for faster deployment for testing updates, service packs, applications, and all kinds of stuff Differencing Disk Deployment You can install one OS on a machine, and then Vista Vista SP 1 Vista SP 2 15 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. A software sales representative has talked Hank into having a demonstration of the new greatest software widget ever. The software requires IIS and a host of other Server 2008 roles and features. You decide that the best way to have a demonstration of the software is to deploy a Server 2008 Virtual Machine on your new shiny Hyper-V box using a differencing disk. And, oh yeah, Hank just said the software rep will be here in 20 minutes. Now isnt that just great. Differencing Disk Deployment So Hanks got this guy coming in Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Snapshots actually create a differencing disk that captures the current state of the VM You can move backwards and forwards to different snapshots Coachs SecretTake Snapshots, then do whatever you want, blow stuff up, and then apply a previous snapshot Time Travel with Snapshots Havent you ever blown up a server and then wished you hadnt hit the enter key right before? Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Differencing DiskA virtual hard disk that relies on another hard disk for its base OS and only stores changes SnapshotSaves the state of a VM using differencing disks Critical Vocabulary Just because I know youve been word deprived 16 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Describe the three types of virtual hard disks Describe what a Differencing Disk is Lock a base OS disk to ensure that a Differencing Disk will not blow up Create a differencing disk Attach a differencing disk to a VM Create and apply Snapshots What We Covered After watching this video, you should be able to: Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Video 6 Using Windows Deployment Services to Deploy Virtual Machines Super Easy Mass Deployment Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. A Quick Review of WDS Set Up WDS in 3 Easy Steps Lets Make Some Machines! Using WDS to Deploy Virtual Machines In this video: 17 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Windows Server 2008 and Vista are both image-based installations A Quick Review of WDS Easy installation for not only Server 2008, but also Vista! An image can taken of a hard drive, stored on a server, and then deployed via broadcast to several machines all at once. Works with older OSs as well. DEPLOY1 MEDIA1 WEB1 TS1 CL1-VISTA Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. 1. Join the machine to the Domain 2. Install the WDS Role 3. Add Images from the Windows 2008 Install Disk (and Vista, if youre deploying clients) Youll need to add these two images from the sources folder: The boot.wim The install.wim Also, if youre planning on deploying both 32-bit and 64-bit editions, youll need to grab the WIM files from both the 32-bit and 64-bit disks. WDS in 3 Easy Steps Theres not a lot of difference Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Since youve been demonstrating the power of Hyper-V to Hank, hes starting to see how much it can benefit the company. Hes planning on buying more hardware to start consolidating servers and implementing better testing environments. In order to prepare for his purchase, you decide to build a WDS server in Hyper-V for a portable solution to creating servers as well as virtualizing current servers. Lets Make Some Machines! Hank does something smart for a change 18 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. WIM fileWindows Image FormatThe semi-new file type that stores an image of a hard drive that contains an OS for installation Critical Vocabulary Only One New Word for WDS and Hyper-V Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Install the WDS Server Role on a Hyper-V machine Add WIM files from a ISO file of a Server 2008 installation disk (or any ISO of an OS) Create New VMs that are ready to accept an OS installation from a WDS server Install an OS on a VM using WDS Virtualize an Existing Server using WDS What We Covered After watching this video, you should be able to: Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Video 7 Making Your Virtual Machines Portable Exporting and Importing Virtual Machines to Make Your Deployments A Little Easier 19 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Why This is a Good Idea Export Your VM Store It! Import Your VM Making Your Virtual Machines Portable In this video: Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Exporting and Importing your VMs is useful for lots of scenarios: Back Up a VM Your Hyper-V hardware is headed for a crash and you need to move your VMs to a new box Youre deploying more VMs and you dont want to do bare metal installs Why This is a Good Idea Your Own Portable Deployment Server Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Describe scenarios in which exporting and importing VMs can be useful Export a VM Import a VM What We Covered After watching this video, you should be able to: 20 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Video 8 Providing Access to Hyper-V Letting Other People Play in the Sandbox and Security Stuff Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Hyper-V Access from Vista (Hooray!) Easy Remote Access Configuration Some Additional Thoughts on Hyper-V Security Providing Access to Hyper-V In this video: Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Microsoft has a Hyper-V Manager available for Vista thats free to download This is great for when you want to allow another User access to Hyper-V for testing Theres a 32-bit and a 64-bit version available Hyper-V Access from Vista (Hooray!) Hyper-V Manager now in Vista flavor! 21 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. You can go into the Authorization Manager in an MMC, configure permissions in a half-dozen places, and generally waste about a half-hour to an hour You can add a user to the Local Administrators Group on the Hyper-V Machine (but, ummm, yeah, no-no) Or you can grab a way-cool script from http://code.msdn.microsoft.com/HVRemote/Re lease/ProjectReleases.aspx?ReleaseId=2338and just add a user the easy way Easy Remote Access There are three ways to allow Remote Access for Hyper-V For the masochistic: %programdata%\Microsoft\Windows\Hyper-V\InitialStore.xml Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Hanks fired his other Open Source guru and hired a new one, Sheila. She feels like shed like to have access to the Hyper-V box at a high level. Shes had Hyper-V experience in her previous gig, so Hank has informed you that you now have to give your Hyper-V box to Sheila. However, you do not want to give her administrator access to the whole box. Youll install the Hyper-V manager on a Vista client, and then use the HVRemotescript to provide access for her account. Providing Remote Access Your developer needs access Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Run Hyper-V on Server Core Less Overhead and Attack Surface Have to have Hyper-V Manager installed on a separate Full-Install Server 2008 (or Vista) Keep your Virtual Machines patched! Just because you have VMs doesnt mean that you dont have to have an update strategy Use Windows Server Update Services to deploy patches to multiple machines Some Additional Thoughts on Hyper-V Security Just some thoughts on beefing up your Hyper-V Security 22 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Locate and install the Hyper-V Manager for Vista Provide a User Account with Remote Access to only the Hyper-V Server Role using HVRemote Describe other Security Considerations for your Hyper-V Machine and VMs What We Covered After watching this video, you should be able to: Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Video 9 Building a Complete Active Directory Test Environment in Hyper-V Putting All the Pieces Together in a Shockingly Short Amount of Time Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. The Globomantics Test Environment Private Network Using Differencing Disks Using WDS Using Cloning (i.e. Copy and Paste) Building a Complete Test Environment In this video: 23 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Building the Globomantics Test Environment Heres what were going to build: AD DS DNS Domain: V-Globomantics.com Functional Level: Server 2008 HYPERV WDS-Portable V-DC1 V-WebServ V-File Our testing environment will be a completely Self enclosed environment that will house a Domain Controller, A File Server, and a Web Server Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Create a complete Private Network testing environment using a variety of Hyper-V deployment techniques Install AD DS, DNS, a Web Server, a File Server, and create a Domain for the testing environment What We Covered After watching this video, you should be able to: Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Video 10 The Server 2008 R2 Upgrade Powering Up Your Hyper-V Host with More Toys 24 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Upgrading your Server 2008 Hyper-V Host to R2 Then were going to upgrade the box! The Server 2008 R2 Upgrade In this video: Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Server 2008 R2 has some very cool enhancements to Hyper-V: Live Migration for Failover Clusters Better Fault Tolerance and Cluster Validation Tool Enhancements to the Hyper-V Manager Better Virtual Networking Hot-switching of VHDs Ok, so we know its cool, lets upgrade our box! Upgrading your Server 2008 Hyper-V Host to R2 More toys! More toys! Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Describe a few of the key benefits of Server 2008 R2 Hyper-V Upgrade an existing Server 2008 Hyper-V host to Server 2008 R2 What We Covered After watching this video, you should be able to: 25 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Video 11 New Features for Hyper-V in Server 2008 R2 Dynamic Storage, Switching VM Settings Quickly, Core Parking, and Processor Migration Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. What? You Need Another VHD? Fast and Easy VM Setting Alteration Moving On Up To Processor Migratability Core Parking: Stop The Power Suck Core Parking and More In this video: Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Rule #1Your primary bootable drive must be IDE on your VMs You can attach up to 64 HDDs to a Virtual SCSI controller on R2 You can add VHDs and remove VHDs on the fly on your VMs SCSI Controllers on R2 What? You Need Another VHD? Dynamic StorageEasy Swapping of VHDs on SCSI 1 st Disk IDE Bootable 2 nd Disk SCSI 3 rd Disk SCSI 26 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Hot-Add and Hot-Remove VHDs on a virtual SCSI controller Change Settings on multiple VMs Quickly Enable (or Disable) the capacity to migrate a VM to different versions of processors Describe the advantages of Core Parking as an automatic power saving feature of Server 2K8 R2 What We Covered After watching this video, you should be able to: Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Video 12 Failover Clustering and Live Migration for Hyper-V in R2 A Science Experiment in Creating Highly Available Virtual Machines on a Server 2008 R2 Hyper-V Cluster Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. A Primer on Failover Clustering Science Time! Live Migration and Quick Migration of Virtual Machines Failover Clustering and Live Migration in R2 In this video: 27 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Failover Clustering is a High- Availability technology for keeping critical services and applications online even in case of hardware failure And its really expensive A Primer on Failover Clustering Its, ummmm.easier than in past versions, but Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. A Primer on Failover Clustering Heres what a basic Failover Cluster might look like Your need at least two or more Servers with identical Configurations and Hardware for running Your Application or Service (or Hyper-V) SAN/NAS Storage (iSCSI is a good option) Your SAN/NAS must support SCSI-3 persistent connections Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Science Time! And heres what Ive got 1 HP Proliant ML350 Xeon Quad Core 4GB of RAM 2 NICs 1 Frankenstein Intel Quad Core 4GB of RAM 3 NICs ReadyNAS Pro Storage Appliance 1 VMWare Virtual Machine Windows Storage Server 2008 512 MB of RAM 3 NICs 28 Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Describe Failover Clustering in terms of how its useful with Hyper-V Describe the Hardware Requirements for Failover Clustering Run the Validate a Configuration Wizard to determine viability of hardware for Clustering Attach iSCSI storage using the iSCSI Initiator in Server 2008 (and R2) Create a Basic Failover Cluster using a Node Majority and File Share Quorum configuration What We Covered After watching this video, you should be able to: Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc. Create a Highly Available Virtual Machine using the Failover Clustering Manager Describe the differences between Quick Migration and Live Migration