Evaluating methods to close the development gap aid and investment

Method
Aid or
Investment
Top down
or bottom
up
How has it helped?
Long term/short
term
(sustainability)
Cost Impact
Akosombo
Dam, Ghana
A/I T
Most Ghanaians still
have to live without
electricity, because
they cannot afford it
Long term
Funding from:
World Bank - $40million,
Ghanaian government
investment - $69million,
aid grants from USA and
UK
Economic - Increased tourism on lake, increase in water
borne diseases.
Communication Increase the use of water transport, it
flooded 4% of Ghanas land area and forced 80,000 people
to relocate.
Electricity production Gives Ghana the capability to
generate electricity for industrial purposes.
Practical
Action, Nepal
A B
Helping families from
some of the poorest
and most vulnerable
communities who are
traditionally landless
and live in absolute
poverty
Short term/long
term long term if
put to good use
10 could buy 100g of
cauliflower seeds
50 could buy five young
goats, which will provide
nutritious milk for a family
62 could pay for a treadle
pump
100 could fund a pedal
water pump to irrigate a
large plot of land up to
1000m2
Able to be operated by one or two adults, the treadle pump
uses pedal power to suck water up from wells - six times
more water than from a traditional hand pump.
Also since leg muscles tire less than arm muscles, it can be
used by the farmers for longer.
As most of the parts are manufactured locally it also
brings much needed income to the local economy.
Water
Provision,
Ghana
I T
Mainly people in
urban areas?
?
$800million loans from
World Bank
Better quality water.
People may have to pay for their connection and supply of
water which some people cannot afford.
Unemployment as private companies aim to cut costs and
maximise profits










Barlonyo,
Uganda
A B Farmers in Barlonyo
Long term they
work with
communities over
many years to
strengthen their
own efforts to
throw off poverty
?
Improved profits for farmers as all farmers share the cost
of hiring equipment etc.
Farmers can send their children to school promoting long-
term development through education and creating a cycle
of development.
Pergau Dam,
Malaysia
A T No-one?
Unlikely to be
long term
234million of British aid
from ODA.
Thousands of farmers displaced after flooding.
Uneconomic waste of money
Land reform,
Zimbabwe
N/A -
Populist

The black population
in Zimbabwe?



Food and cash crop production fell dramatically with a
subsequent fall in exports
Grameen
Bank,
Bangladesh
I B