From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Franki piling system (also called pressure-injected footing) is a method used to drive expanded base
cast-in-situ concrete (Franki) piles.
[1]
It was developed by Belgian Engineer Edgard Frankignoul in 1909 and
has achieved considerable worldwide success since.
[2]
This method can be applied to different site conditions and is still widely used
[2][3][4]
due to its high tensile load
capacity, and relatively low noise and ground vibration levels.
[3]
1 History
2 Applications
3 Installation of a Franki pile
4 Variations
5 References
6 External links
Edgard Frankignoul applied for the production patent for the Franki pile in J uly 1909. He then co-founded the
geotechnical company Frankipile (Socit des Pieux Arms Frankignoul) with Lige aristocrat Edmond Baar
with the goal of commercializing the Franki piling system. By 1929, the technique had been implemented by 34
international subsidiaries and license holders.
[2]
The Franki pile process has undergone several reformations since it was conceived. The dry concrete plug was
not introduced to the design until 1926.
[2]
Before this innovation, the casing had to be top-driven and equipped
with a lost bottom plate.
[1]
The Franki pile with vibrated shaft and hydraulic vibrating hammer were
manufactured starting from 1960 and 1971 respectively.
[2]
Franki piles can be used as high-capacity deep foundation elements without the necessity of excavation or
dewatering.
[4]
They are useful in conditions where a sufficient bearing soil can only be reached deeper in the
ground,
[5][6]
and are best suited to granular soil where bearing is primarily achieved from the densification of
the soil around the base.
[4]
They are not recommended for use in cohesive soils where compaction of the base is
not possible.
[4]
The Franki piling system is the quietest of the driven cast-in-place systems, and so is used in
conditions where high noise levels could cause environmental problems.
[3]
Franki Piling System - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franki_Piling_System
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A charge of zero-slump concrete is poured into the bottom of a steel driving pipe that is placed vertically
on the ground. A diesel-operated drop hammer is then driven on the concrete, forming a watertight
concrete plug.
[1][4][5][6]
1.
The concrete plug is driven into the ground by the drop hammer. The pipe is also dragged into the ground
due to friction developed between the steel and the concrete.
[1][4][5][6]
2.
When the desired depth is reached, the pipe is held in position by leadsstructures which guide and align
the pile and hammer.
[7]
The hammer is then applied to the concrete, driving it outwards through the
bottom of the pile and forming a mushroom-shaped base.
[1][4][5][6]
3.
At this point, a cylindrical rebar cage can be driven into the concrete if supplementary reinforcement is
desired.
[1][4][5][6]
4.
Additional charges of concrete are added and driven while the steel casing is simultaneously pulled up
until the shaft of the pile is formed.
[1][4][5][6]
5.
Small charges of concrete can be added while the base is being formed
[6]
to enlarge the base and improve
the piles settlement performance.
[3]
Franki piles can be installed raked (or sloped) with a tilt of up to 4:1.
[5]
Raked Franki piles are always
reinforced and are particularly suitable for structures subject to dynamic forces.
[1]
Driving methods such as open-ended coring, rock socketing, and composite shaft construction are
occasionally used to overcome unique site problems.
[3]
^
a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h
Franki Pile (http://www.geoforum.com/info/pileinfo/view.asp?ID=15) GRV AB, Retrieved November
22, 2010
1.
^
a

b

c

d

e
History (http://www.franki-geotechnics.be/page.asp?q=history&id=501&title=History) Franki Foundations
Group Belgium, Retrieved December 7, 2010
2.
^
a

b

c

d

e
Franki Piles (http://esvc000701.wic052u.server-web.com/PDF/Frank_Piles.pdf) Frankipile Australia,
Retrieved December 8, 2010
3.
^
a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

i
Shamsher Prakash, Hari D. Sharma (1990). Pile foundations in Engineering Practice, p. 60. Wiley-
Interscience ISBN 0-471-61653-2.
4.
^
a

b

c

d

e

f

g
FRANKIPILE (http://www.franki.de/pdf_en/FRANKI_pile.pdf) FRANKI Grundbau, Retrieved
December 7, 2010
5.
^
a

b

c

d

e

f

g
Dr. B.C. Punmia, Ashok Kumar J ain, B.C. Punmia, Arun Kr. J ain (2005). Soil Mechanics and
Foundations , p. 763. Laxmi Publications (P) Ltd. ISBN 81-7008-081-9.
6.
Franki Piling System - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franki_Piling_System
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^ piledrivers.org PDF, Land Based Rigs (http://www.piledrivers.org/files/uploads/272D1300-0887-4849-
BDB0-4044B9FF8859.pdf)
7.
An animation of the installation process (http://esvc000701.wic052u.server-web.com/products
/all_products_pages/franki_flash.html).
Franki Pile, Pile Info, geoforum.com (http://www.geoforum.com/info/pileinfo/view.asp?ID=15)
piledrivers.org (http://www.piledrivers.org/), Pile Driving Contractors Association
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Categories: Geotechnical engineering Civil engineering
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