talian Lesson 3

Italian Conversations
Robert-- Ciao Giovanni!
Giovanni-- Ciao Robert!
Robert-- Come stai?
Giovanni-- Bene, grazie, e tu?
Robert-- Cos cos.
Giovanni-- Che c di nuovo?
Robert-- Non moto, ho bisogno di !are "ratica con i mio itaiano, "otresti aiutarmi?
Giovanni-- Certo!
#ome cues$ Che$ %hat& nuovo$ ne%& bisogno$ ' need& "otresti$ can (ou.
Italian Past participle:
Italian Past Participle
)arare$ "arato *s"o+en,
Credere$ creduto *beieved,
)artire$ "artito *gone,

#ono )artito *'m gone,
mascuine,
ei "artita *she is gone,
#iamo "artiti *%ere gone, !or
men,
#ono stata a Roma *'ve been
to Rome, a !emae ta+ing,
#iamo stati...*%e have
been..,!or men,
#iamo state-*%e have been-
!or %omen,
-.o avuto i tem"o "er !aro
*'ve had the time to do it,
.o "arato a tee!ono-*'ve
ta+ed at the "hone-,
Reguar /orm$ #im"( add *0ato, 0uto,
0ito, to the stem o! verbs, de"ending on
the t("e o! verbs, i! the verb in the
in!initive ends %ith 0are, then add
0ato$ "arato *the verb "arare,, add
0uto to the verbs ending %ith 0ere$
creduto *the verb credere,, and !ina(
add 0ito to the verbs ending in their
in!initive %ith 0ire$ "artito *the verb
"artire,
Note that some verbs ta+e their "ast
"artici"e %ith the verb 1avere2, %hie
some other verbs ta+e their "ast
"artici"e %ith the verb essere *usua(
motion verbs,
3so note that the "ast "artici"e o!
verbs going %ith 1essere2 shoud agree
%ith the number and gender, so !or
e4am"e "artito *gone, can aso be
"artita& "artiti& "artite.
5erbs going %ith 1avere2 dont have to
agree %ith the number and gender, oo+
in the e4am"es in the side.
Remember$ to !orm the "ast "artici"e
%ith verbs con6ugated %ith 1essere2 the
gender and number matter, but not %ith
verbs con6ugated %ith 1avere2.
'rreguar /orm$
memorize the verbs
that ta+e irreguar
!orms in the "ast
"artici"e such as$
5erb&)ast "art&7ngish
/are$ !atto *done,
3"rire$ a"erto
*o"ened,
Chiedere$ chiesto
*as+ed,
Chiudere$ chiuso
*cosed,
Co"rire$ co"erto
*covered,
8are$ dato *given,
8ire$ detto *said,
9eggere$ etto *read,
:ettere$ messo *"ut,
.a "arato *and not ha "arata,
*she have s"o+en& she s"o+e,
3bbiamo "arato *and not
"arati,
.o detto *'ve said,
.a detto *he&she has said,
)ast "artici"e re!e4ive verbs go
a%a(s %ith 1essere2, mi sono avato
*'ve %ashed m(se!,, ci siamo avati
*%eve %ashed ourseves,.

;!!rire$ o!!erto
*o!!ered,
)erdere$ "erso *ost,
)rendere$ "reso
*ta+en,
#crivere$ scritto
*%ritten,
#"endere$ s"eso
*s"ent,
5edere$ visto *seen,
5ivere$vissuto *ived,
Rom"ere$ rotto
*bro+en,
Comparison in Italian
Equality$ as -as-< =tanto...>uanto... *or, cos- come - *used on( %ith ad6ectives,?
@ohn is as ta as his !ather$ Giovanni tanto ato >uanto suo "adre& ;r& Giovanni
cos ato come suo "adre.
Aanto - >uanto- *used on( %ith nouns, note that the( have to agree in number and gender
%ith the noun,
.o tante "enne >uanti ibri *' have as man( "ens as boo+s,

Superiority$ more- than... < "iB-di *or, "iB...che
Romano "iB ato di Giovanni. *Roman is taer than @ohn, *"iB-di- is used to com"are
t%o "eo"e or t%o things,
Com"ro "iB ibri che cibo *' bu( more boo+s than !ood, *"iB-che... is used to com"are t%o
characteristics o! one "erson or thing,


Inferiority$ ess- than... < meno-di *or, meno...che
Romano meno ato di Giovanni. *Roman is ess taer than @ohn, *meno-di- is used to
com"are t%o "eo"e or t%o things,
Com"ro meno ibri che cibo *' bu( ess boo+s than !ood, *meno-che... is used to com"are
t%o characteristics o! one "erson or thing,

Superlative$ *the most..., the -0est C i& a& i&e - "iB Dad6ective ... di....or 0issimo, 0issima,
0issimi, 0issime,
'n 'taian, su"eratives are !ormed b( adding the su!!i4 0issimo to an ad6ective or adverb a!ter
ta+ing o!! the !ina vo%e, the su!!i4 added shoud agree in number and gender. #o it can be
*0issimo, 0issima, issimi, 0issime, aso (ou can !orm a su"erative b( adding$ *i& a&
i&e - "iB Dad6ective ... di-,
Euesta a casa "iB grande di Roma *Ahis is the biggest house in Rome,.
i 8iamante i "iB duro dee "ietre "reziose *8iamond is the toughest amongst "recious
stones,.
Gi ee!anti sono i "iB grandi animai de mondo *7e"hants are the biggest animas in the
%ord,
Rosa a bambina meno attiva daa scuoa *Rosa is the chid ess active in schoo,
9e case americane sono enormi, e "iB grandi *3merican houses are huge, the biggest,
'n s"o+en 'taian the F0issimoF is ess used %hie "acing Fmoto, tanto, "arecchio, assaiF
be!ore the ad6ectives instead.
9o sno%board uno s"ort moto !acie da im"arare, moto "iB !acie deo sci *#no%board is a
s"ort ver( eas( to earn much easier than #+iing,
Euesta studentessa moto inteigente. *this student is ver( inteigent,
3so (ou can e4"ress su"erative b( re"eating the ad6ective or adverb.
9ui "ara veoce veoce. *he s"ea+s ver( !ast,.
Ahese are irreguar !orms o! the su"erative *ad6ectives and adverbs,
Italian Comparative and Superlative
Adjective Comparative Relative Superlative Absolute Superlative
grande *big, maggiore *big, *i, massimo *biggest, massimo *biggest,
"iccoo *sma, minore *smaer, *i, minimo *smaest, minimo *smaest,
ato *high, su"eriore *higher, *i, su"remo&sommo *highest, su"remo&sommo *highest,
basso *o%, in!eriore *o%er, *i, in!imo *o%est, in!imo *o%est,
buono *good, migiore *better, *i, ottimo *best, ottimo *best,
cattivo *bad, "eggiore *%orse, *i, "essimo *%orst, "essimo *%orst,

Adverb Comparative Relative Superlative Absolute Superlative
:oto *much, )iB *more, *i, "iB *the, most :otissimo *ver( much,
)oco *itte, :eno *ess, *i, meno *the, east )ochissimo *ver( itte,
Bene *%e, :egio *better, *i, megio *the, best Benissimo *ver( %e,
:ae *bad(, )eggio *%orse, *i, "eggio *the, %orst )essimo *ver( bad(,
Italian Demonstrative Pronouns
8emonstratives are$ *this$ >uesto, these$ >uesti, that$ >ue&>ueo, those$ >uei&>uei,
Italian Demonstrative Pronouns
Tis Tese Tat Tose
!asculine
be!ore a consonant
be!ore a vo%e
>uesto
>uestG
>uesti
>uesti
>ue
>ueG
>uei
>uegi
"eminine
be!ore a consonant
be!ore a vo%e
>uesta
>uestG
>ueste
>ueste
>uea
>ueG
>uee
>uee

be!ore z, gn, or s D consonant *>ueo$ that, >uegi$ those, on( !or mascuine. Euegi studenti
*those students,

Euesto bambino moto inteigente. *this chid is ver( inteigent,
Euesta studentessa moto inteigente. *this !emae student is ver( inteigent,
Euesta a mia "enna *this is m( "en,
Euesti ibri sono moto costosi *these boo+s are ver( e4"ensive,
Euea casa moto grande. *that house is ver( big,
Euee case sono moti grande *those house are ver( big,
Eue cane davvero bravo *that dog is rea( good,
Note that in 'taian demonstrative "ronouns i! (ou use that and those as a sub6ect, use these
!our !orms$ >ueo !or mascuine singuar, >uea !or !eminine singuar, >uei !or mascuine
"ura, and >uee !or !eminine "ura. 74am"e$ >ueo i mio ibro *that is m( boo+,.

#ritin$ trainin$$ %rite the same conversation %hich %as bet%een Robert and Giovanni, but
this time (ou and an imaginar( "erson, tr( to oo+ u" in!o that (ou dont +no% their
transation in 'taian, a""( some o! the grammar (ou earned, and see ho% it goes @
Spea%in$ trainin$$ tr( to read the conversation (ou 6ust %rote out oud, train (ourse! %e,
(ou might need that !or a rea conversation in the !uture.
Ahis is a ist o! some e4"ressions in 'taian$
Italian E&pressions
' 8onGt Hnderstand! Non ca"isco!
' /ee #ic+. :i sento mae.
' !orgot. .o dimenticato.
' .ave No 'dea. Non ne ho idea!
' .ave Ao Go 8evo andare
' ho"e so.&9etGs ho"e so. #"ero di si.&#"eriamo.
' 9i+e 'taian :i "iace Gitaiano.
' i+e (ou ver( much. :i "iaci davvero tanto.
' ive in *the H.#& 'taia, 5ivo *negi #tati Hniti & in 'taia,
' ive in that house there 3bito in >uea casa <
' 9ove Iou! Ai amo!& Ai vogio bene!
' :issed Iou #o :uch! :i sei mancato cos tanto!
' Need 3 8octor .o bisogno di un dottore
' need to "ractice m( 'taian .o bisogno di !are "ratica con i mio itaiano
' o!ten come to 'ta( 5engo s"esso in 'taia
' Rea( 9i+e 't! :i "iace davvero!
' Ji Be Right Bac+! Aorno subito!
' %ish ' had a car. #e soo avessi una macchina!
' Jor+ 3s 3 *Aransator& Businessman, 9avoro come *traduttore& uomo dGa!!ari,
'm *3merican, #ono *americano,.
'Gd ove to come. :i !arebbe moto "iacere venire.
'Gd 9i+e Ao 5isit 'taia ;ne 8a( :i "iacerebbe visitare G'taia un giorno di >uesti!
'G be gad to *do it, Con "iacere.
'G ca bac+ ater. Richiamo "iB tardi.
'G et (ou ta+ to... 9e "asso... & 9a !accio "arare con-
'Gm *t%ent(, thirt(-, Iears ;d. .o *venti, trenta -, anni.
'Gm bored. :i annoio.
'Gm cod. .o !reddo.
'Gm coming! 5engo! & #to arrivando!
'Gm /ine, Ahan+s! Bene, grazie!
'Gm /rom *the H.#& 'taia, #ono *statunitense, itaiano,.
'Gm hot. .o cado.
'Gm .ungr(& Ahirst(. #ono 3!!amato& 3ssetato.
'Gm in a hurr(. .o !retta.
'Gm 9oo+ing /or @ohn. #to cercando @ohn.
'Gm 9ost :i sono "erso& "ersa *!eminine,
'Gm see"(. 'Gm going to bed .o sonno. 5ado a etto.
'Gm sorr( 'Gm ate. :i dis"iace di essere in ritardo.
'Gm #orr(! *i! (ou donGt hear something, #ono s"iacente!
'n Ahe :orning& 7vening& 3t Night.
8i mattina& 8i sera& 8i notte. *aso #tamattina& #tasera C
this 0,
's he&she at home? 7 a casa?
's @ohn there? CG Giovanni?
's that a right? 8Gaccordo?
's there an(one here %ho s"ea+s 7ngish? CG >uacuno >ui che "ara ingese?
's this "ace ta+en? 7 occu"ato >uesto "osto?
's this right? 7 giusto?
'snt it? 5ero? & Non cos?
't oo+s good. #embra buono.
'taia 's a Jonder!u Countr( 9G'taia un "aese meravigioso.
'tGs KL oGcoc+. LM$NL"m. #ono e dieci "recise. 9e sette e trenta